Part 61

303. Beginning of Diocletian Persecution, § 22, 6. 306. Synod of Elvira, § 38, 3; 45, 2. Meletian Schism in Egypt, § 41, 4. Constantius Chlorus dies, § 22, 7. 311. Galerius dies, § 22, 6. 312. Constantine’s Expedition against Maxentius, § 22, 7. Donatist Schism in Africa, § 63, 1. 313. Edict of Milan, § 22, 7. 318. Arius is Accused, § 50, 1. 323-337. Constantine the Great, Sole Ruler, § 42, 2. 325. First Œcumenical Council at Nicæa, § 50, 1. 330-415. Meletian Schism at Antioch, § 50, 8. 335. Synod at Tyre, § 50, 2. 336. Athanasius Exiled. Arius dies, § 50, 2. 341. Council at Antioch, § 50, 2. 343. Persecution of Christians under Shapur [Sapor] II., § 64, 2. 344. Synod at Sardica, § 46, 3; 50, 2. 346. Council at Milan against Photinus, § 50, 2. 348. Ulfilas, Bishop of the Goths, § 76, 1. 350-361. Constantius, Sole Ruler, § 42, 2. 351. First Council at Sirmium against Marcellus, § 50, 2. 357. Second Council at Sirmium, Homoians, § 50, 3. 358. Third Council at Sirmium, § 50, 3. 359. Synods at Seleucia and Rimini, § 50, 3. 361-363. Emperor Julian the Apostate, § 42, 3. 362. Synod at Alexandria against Athanasius, § 50, 4. 366-384. Damasus I., Bishop of Rome, § 46, 4. 368. Hilary of Poitiers dies, § 47, 14. 373. Athanasius dies, § 47, 3. 379. Basil the Great dies, § 47, 4. 379-395. Theodosius the Great, Emperor, § 42, 4. 380. Synod at Saragossa, § 54, 2. 381. Second Œcumenical Council at Constantinople, § 50, 4. Ulfilas dies, § 76, 1. 384-398. Siricius, Bishop of Rome, § 46, 4. 385. Priscillian beheaded at Treves, § 54, 2. 390. Gregory Nazianzen dies, § 47, 4. 391. Destruction of the Serapeion at Alexandria, § 42, 6. 393. Council at Hippo Rhegius, § 59, 1. 397. Ambrose dies, § 47, 15. 399. Rufinus Condemned at Rome as an Origenist, § 51, 2. 400. Martin of Tours dies, § 47, 15.

FIFTH CENTURY.

402-417. Innocent I. of Rome, § 46, 5. 403. _Synodus ad Quercum_, § 51, 3. Epiphanius dies, § 47, 10. 407. Chrysostom dies, § 47, 8. 408-450. Theodosius II. in the East, § 52, 3. 411. _Collatio cum Donatistis_, § 63, 1. 412. Synod at Carthage against Cœlestius, § 53, 4. 415. Synods at Jerusalem and Diospolis against Pelagius, § 53, 4. 416. Synods at Mileve and Carthage against Pelagius, § 53, 4. 418. General Assembly at Carthage, § 53, 4. Roman Schism of Eulalius and Bonifacius, § 46, 6. 420. Jerome dies, § 47, 16. Persecution of Christians under Behram [Bahram] V., § 64, 2. 422-432. Cœlestine I., Bishop of Rome, § 46, 6. 428. Nestorius is made Patriarch of Constantinople, § 52, 3. 429. Theodore of Mopsuestia dies, § 47, 9. The Vandals in North Africa, § 76, 3. 430. Cyril’s Anathemas, § 52, 3. Augustine dies, § 47, 18. 431. Third Œcumenical Council at Ephesus, § 52, 3. 432. St. Patrick in Ireland, § 77, 1. John Cassianus dies, § 47, 21. 440-461. Leo I., the Great, § 46, 7; 47, 22. 444. Cyril of Alexandria dies, § 47, 6. Dioscurus succeeds Cyril, § 52, 4. 445. Rescript of Valentinian III., § 46, 7. 448. Eutyches excommunicated at Constantinople, § 52, 4. 449. Robber Synod at Ephesus, § 52, 4. Attack of Angles and Saxons upon Britain, § 77, 4. 451. Fourth Œcumenical Synod at Chalcedon, § 52, 4. 457. Theodoret dies, § 47, 9. 475. Semipelagian Synods at Arles and Lyons, § 53, 5. 476. Overthrow of the West Roman Empire, § 46, 8; 76, 6. Monophysite Encyclical of Basiliscus, § 52, 5. 482. Henoticon of the Emperor Zeno, § 52, 5. Severinus dies, § 76, 6. 484-519. The Thirty-five Years’ Schism between the East and West, § 52, 5. 492-496. Gelasius I., Bishop of Rome, § 46, 8; 47, 22. 496. Battle of Zülpich. Clovis baptized, § 76, 9.

SIXTH CENTURY.

502. _Synodus Palmaris_, § 46, 8. 517. Council at Epaon, § 76, 5. 527-565. Justinian I., Emperor, § 46, 9; 52, 6. 529. Synods at Oranges and Valence, § 53, 5. Monastic Rule of Benedict of Nursia, § 85. Suppression of the University of Athens, § 42, 4. 533. The Theopaschite Controversy, § 52, 6. Overthrow of the Vandal Empire, § 76, 3. 544. Condemnation of the “Three Chapters,” § 52, 6. 553. Fifth Œcumenical Council at Constantinople, § 52, 6. 554. Overthrow of the Ostrogoth Empire in Italy, § 76, 7. 563. Council at Braga, § 54, 2. St. Columba among the Picts and Scots. § 77, 2. 567. Founding of the Exarchate of Ravenna, § 46, 9. 568. The Longobards under Alboin in Italy, § 76, 8. 589. Council at Toledo under Reccared, § 76, 2. Columbanus and Gallus in the Vosges Country, § 77, 7. 590-604. Gregory I., the Great, § 46, 10; 47, 22. 595. Gregory of Tours dies, § 90, 2. 596. Augustine goes as Missionary to the Anglo-Saxons, § 77, 4. 597. St. Columba dies, § 77, 2. Ethelbert baptized, § 77, 4.

SEVENTH CENTURY.

606. Emperor Phocas recognises the Roman Primacy, § 46, 10. 611-641. Heraclius, Emperor, § 52, 8. 615. Columbanus dies, § 77, 7. 622. Hejira, § 65. 625-638. Honorius I., Pope, § 46, 11. 636. Isidore of Seville dies, § 90, 2. 637. Omar conquers Jerusalem, § 65. 638. Monothelite Ecthesis of Heraclius, § 52, 8. 640. Omar conquers Egypt, § 65. 642-668. Constans II., Emperor, § 52, 8. 646. St. Gallus dies, § 78, 1. 648. The Typus of Constans II., § 52, 8. 649-653. Martin I., Pope, § 46, 11. 649. First Lateran Council under Martin I., § 52, 8. 652. Emmeran at Regensburg, § 78, 2. 657. Constantine of Mananalis, § 71, 1. 662. Maximus Confessor, dies, § 47, 13. 664. Synod at Streoneshalch (_Syn. Pharensis_), § 77, 6. 668-685. Constantinus Pogonnatus, § 52, 8; 71, 1. 677. Wilfrid among the Frisians, § 78, 3. 678-682. Agatho, Pope, § 46, 11. 680. Sixth Œcumenical Council at Constantinople (Trullanum I.), § 52, 8. 690. Wilibrord among the Frisians, § 78, 3. 692. Concilium Quinisextum (Trullanum II.), § 63, 2. 696. Rupert in Bavaria (Salzburg), § 78, 2.

EIGHTH CENTURY.

711. The Saracens conquer Spain, § 81. 715-731. Pope Gregory II., § 66, 1; 78, 4. 716. Winifrid goes to the Frisians, § 78, 4. 717-741. Leo III., the Isaurian, Emperor, § 66, 1. 718. Winifrid in Rome, § 78, 4. 722. Winifrid in Thuringia and Hesse, § 78, 4. 723. Winifrid a second time at Rome, consecrated Bishop, etc., § 78, 4. 724. Destruction of the Wonder-working Oak at Geismar, § 78, 4. 726. Leo’s First Edict against Image Worship, § 66, 1. 730. Leo’s Second Edict against Image Worship, § 66, 1. 731. Gregory III., Pope, § 66, 1; 78, 4; 82, 1. 732. Boniface, Archbishop and Apostolic Vicar, § 78, 4. Battle at Poitiers, § 81. Separation of Illyria from the Roman See by Leo the Isaurian, § 66, 1. 735. The Venerable Bede dies, § 90, 2. 739. Wilibrord dies, § 78, 3. 741. Charles Martel dies, § 78, 5. Gregory III. dies. Leo the Isaurian dies. 741-752. Pope Zacharias, § 78, 5, 7; 82, 1. 741-775. Constantinus Copronymus, Emperor, § 66, 2. 742. Concilium Germanicum, § 78, 5. 743. Synod at Liptinä, § 78, 5; 86, 2. 744. Synod at Soissons, § 78, 5. 745. Boniface, Archbishop of Mainz, § 78, 5. 752. Childeric III. deposed, Pepin the Short, King, § 78, 5; 82, 1. 754. Iconoclastic Council at Constantinople, § 66, 2. Pepin’s donation to the Chair of St. Peter, § 82, 1. 755. Boniface dies, § 78, 7. Abt. 760. Rule of St. Chrodegang of Metz, § 84, 4. 767. Synod at Gentilliacum, § 91, 2; 92, 1. 768-814. Charlemagne, § 82, 2, 4; 90, 1, etc. 772-795. Pope Hadrian I., § 82, 2. 772. Destruction of Eresburg, § 78, 9. 774. Charlemagne’s donation to the Chair of St. Peter, § 82, 2. 785. Wittekind and Alboin are baptized, § 78, 9. 787. Seventh Œcumenical Council at Nicæa, § 66, 3. Founding of Cloister and Cathedral Schools, § 90, 1. 790. _Libri Carolini_, § 92, 1. 792. Synod at Regensburg, § 91, 1. 794. General Synod at Frankfort, § 91, 1; 92, 1. 795-816. Leo III., Pope, § 82, 3. 799. Alcuin’s disputation with Felix at Aachen, § 91, 1. 800. Leo III. crowns Charlemagne, § 82, 3.

NINTH CENTURY.

804. End of the Saxon War, § 78, 9. Alcuin dies, § 90, 3. 809. Council at Aachen, on the _Filioque_, § 91, 2. 813-820. Leo the Armenian, Emperor, § 66, 4. 814-840. Louis the Pious, § 82, 4. 817. Reformation of Monasticism by Benedict of Aniane, § 85, 2. 820-829. Michael Balbus, Emperor, § 66, 4. 825. Synod at Paris against Image Worship, § 92, 1. 826. Theodorus Studita dies, § 66, 4. Ansgar in Denmark, § 80, 1. 827. Establishment of Saracen Sovereignty in Sicily, § 81. 829-842. Theophilus, Emperor, § 66, 4. 833. Founding of the Archbishopric of Hamburg, § 80, 1. 835. Synod at Didenhofen, § 82, 4. 839. Claudius of Turin dies. Agobard of Lyons dies, § 90, 4. 840-877. Charles the Bald, § 90, 1. 842. Feast of Orthodoxy, § 66, 4. Theodora recommends the out-rooting of the Paulicians, § 71, 1. 843. Compact of Verdun, § 82, 5. 844. Eucharist Controversy of Paschasius Radbertus, § 91, 3. 845-882. Hincmar of Rheims, § 83, 2; 90, 5. 847. Archbishopric of Hamburg-Bremen, § 80, 1. 848. Synod of Mainz against Gottschalk, § 91, 5. 850-859. Persecution of Christians in Spain, § 81, 1. 851-852. The Decretals of the Pseudo-Isidore, § 87, 2, 3. 853. Synod of Quiersy. _Capitula Carisiaca_, § 91, 5. 855. Synod at Valence in favour of Gottschalk, § 91, 5. 856. Rabanus Maurus dies, § 90, 4. 858-867. Pope Nicholas I., § 82, 7. 858. Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople, § 67, 1. 859. Synod of Savonnières, § 91, 5. 861. Methodius goes to the Bulgarians, § 73, 3. 863. Cyril and Methodius go to Moravia, § 79, 2. 865. Ansgar dies, § 80, 1. 866. Encyclical of Photius, § 67, 1. 867-886. Basil the Macedonian, Emperor, § 67, 1. 867-872. Hadrian II., Pope, § 82, 7. 869. Eighth Œcumenical Council of the Latins at Constantinople § 67, 1. 870. Treaty of Mersen, § 82, 5. 871. Basil the Macedonian puts down the Paulicians, § 71, 1. Borziwoi and Ludmilla baptized, § 79, 3. 871-901. Alfred the Great, § 90, 9. 875. John VIII. crowns Charles the Bald Emperor, § 82, 8. 879. Eighth Œcumenical Council of the Greeks at Constantinople, § 67, 1. 886-911. Leo the Philosopher, Emperor, § 67, 2. 891. Photius dies, § 67, 1.

TENTH CENTURY.

910. Abbot Berno founds Clugny, § 98, 1. 911. The German Carolingians die out, § 82, 8. 911-918. Conrad I., King of the Germans. § 96, 1. 914-928. Pope John X., § 96, 1. 919-936. Henry I., King of the Germans, § 96, 1. 934. Henry I. enforced toleration of Christianity in Denmark, § 93, 2. 936-973. Otto I., Emperor, § 96, 1. 942. Odo of Clugny founds the Clugniac Congregation, § 98, 1. 950. Gylas of Hungary baptized, § 93, 8. 955. Olga baptized in Constantinople, § 73, 4. 960. Atto of Vercelli dies, § 100, 2. 962. Founding of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, § 96, 1. 963. Synod at Rome deposes John XII., § 96, 1. 966. Miecislaw of Poland baptized, § 93, 7. 968. Founding of Archbishopric of Magdeburg, § 93, 9. 970. Migration of Paulicians to Thrace, § 71, 1. 973-983. Otto II., Emperor, § 96, 2. 974. Ratherius of Verona dies, § 100, 2. 983-1002. Otto III., Emperor, § 96, 2, 3. 983. Mistewoi destroys all Christian establishments among the Wends, § 93, 9. 987. Hugh Capet is made King of France, § 96, 2. 988. Wladimir Christianizes Russia, § 73, 4. 992-1025. Boleslaw Chrobry of Poland, § 93, 7. 996-999. Pope Gregory V., § 96, 2. 997-1038. Stephen the Saint, § 93, 8. 997. Adalbert of Prague, Apostle of Prussia, dies, § 93, 13. 999-1003. Pope Sylvester II., § 96, 3. 1000. Olaf Tryggvason dies, § 93, 4. Christianity introduced into Iceland and Greenland, § 93, 5. Stephen of Hungary secures the throne, § 93, 8.

ELEVENTH CENTURY.

1002-1024. Henry II., Emperor, § 96, 4. 1008. Olaf Skautkoning of Sweden baptized, § 93, 3. 1009. Bruno martyred, § 93, 13. 1012-1024. Pope Benedict VIII., § 96, 4. 1014-1036. Canute the Great, § 93, 2. 1018. Romuald founds the Camaldulensian Congregation, § 98, 1. 1024-1039. Conrad II., Emperor, § 96, 4. 1030. Olaf the Thick of Norway dies, § 93, 4. 1031. Overthrow of the Ommaides in Spain, § 95, 2. 1039-1056. Henry II., Emperor, § 96, 4, 5. 1041. Treuga Dei, § 105, 1. 1046. Synod at Sutri, § 96, 4. 1049-1054. Pope Leo IX., § 96, 5. 1050. Synods at Rome and Vercelli against Berengar, § 101, 2. 1053. Epistle of Michael Cærularius, § 67, 3. 1054. Excommunication of Greek Church by Papal Legates, § 67, 3. 1056-1106. Henry IV., Emperor, § 96, 6-11. 1059. Pope Nicholas II. assigns the choice of Pope to the College of Cardinals, § 96, 6. 1060. Robert Guiscard founds the Norman Sovereignty in Italy, § 95, 1. 1066. Murder of Gottschalk, King of the Wends, § 93, 9. 1073-1085. Pope Gregory VII., § 96, 7-9. 1075. Gregory’s third Investiture Enactment, § 96, 7. 1077. Henry IV. as a Penitent at Canossa, § 96, 8. 1079. Berengar subscribes at Rome the doctrine of Transubstantiation, § 101, 2. 1086. Bruno of Cologne founds the Carthusian Order, § 98, 2. 1088-1099. Pope Urban II., § 96, 10. 1095. Synod at Clermont, § 94. 1096. First Crusade. Godfrey of Boulogne, § 94, 1. 1098. Synod at Bari. Anselm of Canterbury, § 67, 4. Robert of Citeaux founds the Cistercian Order, § 98, 1. 1099. Conquest of Jerusalem, § 94, 1. 1099-1118. Pope Paschalis II., § 96, 11.

TWELFTH CENTURY.

1106-1125. Henry V., Emperor, § 96, 11. 1106. Michael Psellus dies, § 68, 5. 1109. Anselm of Canterbury dies, § 101, 1, 3. 1113. Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux, § 98, 1; 102, 3. 1118. Founding of the Order of Knights Templar. Knights of St. John, § 98, 7. Basil, head of Bogomili, sent to the stake, § 71, 4. 1119-1124. Calixtus II., Pope, § 96, 11. 1121. Norbert founds the Præmonstratensian Order, § 98, 2. 1122. Concordat of Worms, § 96, 11. 1123. Ninth Œcumenical Council (First Lateran), § 96, 11. 1124. First Missionary Journey of Otto of Bamberg, § 93, 10. 1126. Peter of Bruys burnt, § 108, 7. 1128. Second Missionary Journey of Otto of Bamberg, § 93, 10. 1130-1143. Pope Innocent II., § 96, 13. 1135. Rupert of Deutz dies, § 102, 8. 1139. Tenth Œcumenical Council (Second Lateran), § 96, 13. 1141. Synod at Sens condemns Abælard’s writings, § 102, 2. Hugo St. Victor dies, § 102, 4. 1142. Abælard dies, § 102, 2. 1143. Founding of the Roman Commune, § 96, 13. 1145-1153. Pope Eugenius III., § 96, 13. 1146. Fall of Edessa, § 94, 2. 1147. Second Crusade. Conrad III. Louis VII., § 94, 2. 1149. Henry of Lausanne dies, § 108, 7. 1150. _Decretum Gratiani_, § 99, 5. 1152-1190. Frederick I., Barbarossa, § 96, 14. 1153. Bernard of Clairvaux dies, § 102, 3. 1154. Vicelin [Vicelinus] dies, § 93, 9. 1154-1159. Hadrian IV., Pope, § 96, 14. 1155. Arnold of Brescia put to death, § 96, 14. 1156. Peter the Venerable dies, § 98, 1. Founding of Carmelite Order, § 98, 3. 1157. Introduction of Christianity into Finland, § 93, 11. 1159-1181. Pope Alexander III., § 96, 15, 16. 1164. Peter the Lombard dies, § 102, 5. Council of Clarendon, § 96, 16. 1167. Council at Toulouse (Cathari), § 108, 2. 1168. Christianity of the Island of Rügen, § 93, 10. 1169. Gerhoch of Reichersberg dies, § 102, 6, 7. 1170. Thomas Becket murdered, § 96, 16. Founding of the Waldensian sect, § 108, 10. 1176. Battle of Legnano, § 96, 15. 1179. Eleventh Œcumenical Council (Third Lateran), § 96, 15. 1180. John of Salisbury dies, § 102, 9. 1182. Maronites are attached to Rome, § 73, 3. 1184. Meinhart in Livonia, § 93, 12. 1187. Saladin conquers Jerusalem, § 94, 3. 1189. Third Crusade. Frederick Barbarossa, § 94, 3. 1190-1197. Henry VI., Emperor, § 96, 16. 1190. Founding of Order of Teutonic Knights, § 98, 8. 1194. Eustathius of Thessalonica dies, § 68, 5. 1198-1216. Pope Innocent III., § 96, 17, 18.

THIRTEENTH CENTURY.

1202. Joachim of Floris dies, § 108, 5. Founding of Order of the Brothers of the Sword, § 93, 12. Genghis Khan destroys Kingdom of Prester John, § 72, 1. 1204-1261. Latin Empire in Constantinople, § 94, 4. 1207. Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, § 96, 18. 1208. Peter of Castelnau slain, § 109, 1. 1209-1229. Albigensian Crusade, § 109, 1. 1209. Council of Paris against Sect of Amalrich of Bena, § 108, 4. 1212. Battle at Tolosa, § 95, 2. 1213. John Lackland receives England as a Papal Fief, § 96, 18. 1215-1250. Frederick II., Emperor, § 96, 17, 19, 20. 1215. Twelfth Œcumenical Council (Fourth Lateran), § 96, 18. 1216. Confirmation of the Dominican Order, § 98, 5. 1216-1227. Pope Honorius III., § 96, 19. 1217. Fourth Crusade. Andrew II. of Hungary, § 94, 4. 1223. Confirmation of Franciscan Order, § 98, 3. 1226. Francis of Assisi dies, § 98, 3. 1226-1270. Louis IX., the Saint, § 94, 6; 93, 15. 1227-1241. Pope Gregory IX., § 96, 19. 1228. Fifth Crusade. Frederick II., § 94, 5. Settlement of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, § 93, 13. 1229. Synod at Toulouse, § 109, 2. 1231. St. Elizabeth dies, § 105, 3. 1232. Inquisition Tribunal set up, § 109, 2. 1233. Conrad of Marburg slain, § 109, 3. 1234. Crusade against Stedingers, § 109, 3. 1237. Union of the Order of Sword with that of Teutonic Knights, § 98, 8. 1243-1254. Pope Innocent IV., § 96, 20. 1245. Thirteenth Œcumenical Council (first of Lyons), § 96, 20. Alexander of Hales died, § 103, 4. 1248. Foundation stone of Cathedral of Cologne laid, § 104, 13. Sixth Crusade, Louis IX., § 94, 6. 1253. Robert Grosseteste dies, § 103, 1. 1254. Condemnation of the “_Introductorius in evangelium æternum_,” § 108, 5. 1260. First Flagellant Campaign in Perugia, § 107, 1. 1260-1282. Michael Paläologus, Emperor, § 67, 4. 1261-1264. Urban IV., Pope, § 96, 20. 1262. Arsenian Schism, § 70, 1. 1268. Conradin on the Scaffold. § 96, 20. 1269. Pragmatic Sanction of Louis IX., § 96, 21. 1270. Seventh Crusade, Louis IX., § 94, 6. 1271-1276. Pope Gregory X., § 96, 21. 1272. Italian Mission to the Mongols. Marco Polo, § 93, 15. David of Augsburg dies, § 103, 10. Bertholdt [Berthold] of Regensburg dies, § 104, 1. 1273-1291. Rudolph of Hapsburg, Emperor, § 96, 21, 22. 1274. Fourteenth Œcumenical Council (second of Lyons), § 96, 21. Thomas Aquinas dies, § 103, 6. Bonaventura dies, § 103, 4. 1275. Strassburg Minster, § 104, 13. 1280. Albert the Great dies, § 103, 5. 1282. Sicilian Vespers, § 96, 22. 1283. Prussia subdued, § 93, 13. 1286. Barhabraeus [Barhebræus] dies, § 72, 2. 1291. Fall of Acre, § 94, 6. John of Montecorvino among the Mongols, § 93, 16. 1294. Roger Bacon dies, § 103, 8. 1294-1303. Boniface VIII., Pope, § 110, 1. 1296. Bull _Clericis laicos_, § 110, 1. 1300. First Roman Jubilee, § 117. Lollards at Antwerp, § 116, 2. Gerhard Segarelli burnt, § 108, 8.

FOURTEENTH CENTURY.