Chapter 6

National party--Revolt of Spaniards against Arabs--Martyrs in battle--Martyrdoms under Abdurrahman III.--Pelagius--Argentea--The monks of Cardena--Eugenia--No real persecution under the Great Khalif--General view of Christian Church in Spain under Abdurrahman II.--Civil position of Christians--Councils--Neglect of Latin--Arabic compulsory--Protests of Alvar, etc.--Latin forgotten--Cultivation of Moslem learning--Moslem theology--Church abuses--Simony--Breach of canons--Unworthy priests--Rival pastors--Heresy in the Church--Depravity of clergy--Their apostasy--Their deposition--Muzarabes--Free Christians in the North--The Church in the North--Its dangerous position--Cut short by Almanzor--Clergy oppress Christians--Count of Cordova--Ill-treats the Christians--Councils--Held by Elipandus--By Reccafredus--By Hostegesis--Jews and Moslems summoned--Council held by Basilius 73-86