CHAPTER XII

Race in Folklore and Myth 639

Glottology and comparative mythology 640 The question of the feminine in Welsh syntax 642 The Irish goddess Danu and the Welsh Dôn 644 Tynghed or destiny in the Kulhwch story 646 Traces of a Welsh confarreatio in the same context 649 Þokk in the Balder story compared with tynghed 650 Questions of mythology all the harder owing to race mixture 652 Whether the picture of Cúchulainn in a rage be Aryan or not 653 Cúchulainn exempt from the Ultonian couvade 654 Cúchulainn racially a Celt in a society reckoning descent by birth 656 Cúchulainn as a rebirth of Lug paralleled in Lapland 657 Doubtful origin of certain legends about Lug 658 The historical element in fairy stories and lake legends 659 The notion of the fairies being all women 661 An illustration from Central Australia 662 Fairy counting by fives evidence of a non-Celtic race 663 The Basque numerals as an illustration 665 Prof. Sayce on Irishmen and Berbers 665 Dark-complexioned people and fairy changelings 666 The blond fairies of the Pennant district exceptional 668 A summary of fairy life from previous chapters 668 Sir John Wynne's instance of men taken for fairies 670 Some of the Brythonic names for fairies 671 Dwarfs attached to the fortunes of their masters 672 The question of fairy cannibalism 673 The fairy Corannians and the historical Coritani 674 St. Guthlac at Croyland in the Fens 676 The Irish sid, side, and the Welsh Caer Sidi 677 The mound dwellings of Pechts and Irish fairies 679 Prof. J. Morris Jones explaining the non-Aryan syntax of neo-Celtic by means of Egyptian and Berber 681 The Picts probably the race that introduced it 682 The first pre-Celtic people here 683 Probably of the same race as the neolithic dwarfs of the Continent 683 The other pre-Celtic race, the Picts and the people of the Mabinogion 684 A word or two by way of epilogue 686

Additions and Corrections 689

Index 695

We are too hasty when we set down our ancestors in the gross for fools, for the monstrous inconsistencies (as they seem to us) involved in their creed of witchcraft. In the relations of this visible world we find them to have been as rational, and shrewd to detect an historic anomaly, as ourselves. But when once the invisible world was supposed to be opened, and the lawless agency of bad spirits assumed, what measures of probability, of decency, of fitness, or proportion--of that which distinguishes the likely from the palpable absurd--could they have to guide them in the rejection or admission of any particular testimony? That maidens pined away, wasting inwardly as their waxen images consumed before a fire--that corn was lodged, and cattle lamed--that whirlwinds uptore in diabolic revelry the oaks of the forest--or that spits and kettles only danced a fearful-innocent vagary about some rustic's kitchen when no wind was stirring--were all equally probable where no law of agency was understood.... There is no law to judge of the lawless, or canon by which a dream may be criticised.

Charles Lamb's Essays of Elia.

A GEOGRAPHICAL LIST OF AUTHORITIES AND SOURCES OF THE MORE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE WELSH FOLKLORE

ANGLESEY.

Aberffraw: E. S. Roberts (after Hugh Francis), 240, 241.

Llandyfrydog: E. S. Roberts (after Robert Roberts), 239, 240.

Llyn yr Wyth Eidion: (no particulars), 429.

Mynyd y Cnwc: A writer in the Brython for 1859, 457, 458.

Mynyd Mechell: Morris Evans (from his grandmother), 203, 204.

Towyn Trewern: John Roberts, 36-8.

? : Lewis Morris, in the Gwyliedyd, 450-2.

BRECKNOCKSHIRE.

Cwm Tawe: Rd. L. Davies, 256, 257.

,, : Rd. L. Davies (after J. Davies), 251-6.

Llangorse: Giraldus, in his Itinerarium Kambriæ, 72.

? : Walter Mapes, in his book De Nugis, 70-2.

? : The Brython for 1863, 73, 74.

Llyn Cwm Llwch neighbourhood: Ivor James, 21, 430, 445.

? : Ed. Davies, in his Mythology and Rites, 20, 21.

CARDIGANSHIRE.

Atpar: John Rhys (from Joseph Powell), 648, 649.

Bronnant: D. Ll. Davies, 248, 249.

Cadabowen: J. Gwenogvryn Evans, 603, 604.

Llanwenog: J. Gwenogvryn Evans, 648.

Llyn Eidwen: J. E. Rogers of Abermeurig, 578.

Moedin: Howells, in his Cambrian Superstitions, 245.

,, : D. Silvan Evans, in his Ystên Sioned, 271-3.

Ponterwyd: John Rhys, 294, 338, 378, 391, 392.

,, : Mary Lewis (Modryb Mari), 601, 602.

Swyd Ffynnon: D. Ll. Davies, 246, 247, 250.

Tregaron and neighbourhood: John Rhys (from John Jones and others), 577-9.

Troed yr Aur } : Benjamin Williams (Gwynionyd), 166-8. and } : Gwynionyd, in the Brython for 1858 and 1860, Verwig? } 151-5, 158-60, 163, 164, 464-6.

Ystrad Meurig: Isaac Davies, 245.

,, ,, : A farmer, 601.

? : A writer in the Brython for 1861, 690.

CARMARTHENSHIRE.

Cenarth: B. Davies, in the Brython, 1858, 161, 162.

Llandeilo: D. Lleufer Thomas, in Y Geninen for 1896, 469.

,, : Mr. Stepney-Gulston, in the Arch. Camb. for 1893, 468.

Llandybie: John Fisher, 379, 380.

,, : Howells, in his Cambrian Superstitions, 381.

,, : John Fisher and J. P. Owen, 468.

Mydfai: Wm. Rees of Tonn, in the Physicians of Mydvai, 2-15.

,, : The Bishop of St. Asaph, 15, 16.

,, : John Rhys, 16.

? : Joseph Joseph of Brecon, 16.

? : Wirt Sikes, in his British Goblins, 17, 18.

Mynyd y Banwen: Llywarch Reynolds, 18, 19, 428-30.

? : I. Craigfryn Hughes, 487.

CARNARVONSHIRE.

Aber Soch: Margaret Edwards, 231.

,, : A blacksmith in the neighbourhood, 232.

? : Edward Llwyd: see the Brython for 1860, 233, 234.

? : MS. 134 in the Peniarth Collection, 572, 573.

Aberdaron: Mrs. Williams and another, 228.

? : Evan Williams of Rhos Hirwaen, 230.

Bedgelert: Wm. Jones, 49, 80, 81, 94-7, 99, 100-5.

,, : ,, in the Brython for 1861-2, 86-9, 98-9.

,, : The Brython for 1861, 470, 473, 474.

Bethesda: David Evan Davies (Dewi Glan Ffrydlas), 60-4, 66.

Bettws y Coed: Edward Llwyd: see the Cambrian Journal for 1859, 130-3.

Criccieth neighbourhood: Edward Llewelyn, 219-21.

? : Edward Llwyd: see the Camb. Journal for 1859, 201, 202.

Dinorwig: E. Lloyd Jones, 234-7.

Dolbenmaen: W. Evans Jones, 107-9.

Dolwydelan: see Bedgelert.

,, : see Gwybrnant.

Drws y Coed: S. R. Williams (from M. Williams and another), 38-40.

? : ,, 89, 90.

Edern: John Williams (Alaw Lleyn), 275-9.

Four Crosses: Lewis Jones, 222-5.

Glasfryn Uchaf: John Jones (Myrdin Fard), 367, 368.

,, ,, : Mr. and Mrs. Williams-Ellis, 368-72.

Glynllifon: Wm. Thomas Solomon, 208-14.

Gwybrnant: Ellis Pierce (Elis o'r Nant), 476-9.

Llanaelhaearn: R. Hughes of Uwchlaw'r Ffynnon, 214, 215, 217-9.

Llanberis: Mrs. Rhys and her relatives, 31-6, 604.

,, : M. and O. Rhys, 229.

,, : A correspondent in the Liverpool Mercury, 366, 367.

? : Howell Thomas (from G. B. Gattie), 125-30.

? : Pennant, in his Tours in Wales, 125.

Llandegai: H. Derfel Hughes, 52-60, 68.

,, : ,, ,, in his Antiquities, 471, 472.

,, : E. Owen, in the Powysland Club's Collections, 237, 238.

Llandwrog: Hugh Evans and others, 207.

Llanfaglan: T. E. Morris (from Mrs. Roberts), 362, 363.

Llangybi: John Jones (Myrdin Fard), 366.

,, : Mrs. Williams-Ellis, 366, 471.

Llaniestin: Evan Williams, 228, 229, 584.

Llanllechid: Owen Davies (Eos Llechid), 41-6, 50-2.

Nefyn: Lowri Hughes and another woman, 226, 227.

,, : John Williams (Alaw Lleyn), 228.

,, : A writer in the Brython for 1860, 164.

Penmachno: Gethin Jones, 204-6.

Rhyd Du: Mrs. Rhys, 604.

Trefriw: Morris Hughes and J. D. Maclaren, 198-201.

,, : Pierce Williams, 30.

Tremadoc: Jane Williams, 221, 222.

,, : R. I. Jones (from his mother and Ellis Owen), 105-7.

,, : Ellis Owen (cited by Wm. Jones), 95.

Waen Fawr: Owen Davies, 41.

? : Glasynys, in Cymru Fu, 91-3, 110-23.

? : ,, in the Brython for 1863, 40, 41.

? : A London Eistedfod (1887) competitor, 361, 362.

? : John Jones (Myrdin Fard), 361, 362, 364-8.

? : Owen Jones (quoted in the Brython for 1861), 414, 415.

Yspytty Ifan?: A Liverpool Eistedfod (1900) competitor, 692.

DENBIGHSHIRE.

Bryneglwys: E. S. Roberts (from Mrs. Davies), 241, 242.

Eglwyseg: E. S. Roberts (after Thomas Morris), 238.

Ffynnon Eilian: Mrs. Silvan Evans, 357.

,, ,, : Isaac Foulkes, in his Enwogion Cymru, 396.

,, ,, : Lewis, in his Topographical Dictionary, 395, 396.

,, ,, : P. Roberts, in his Camb. Popular Antiquities, 396.

,, ,, : A writer in Y Nofeld, 396.

Llangollen: Hywel (Wm. Davies), 148.

Pentre Voelas: Elias Owen, in his Welsh Folk-Lore, 222.

FLINTSHIRE.

Nil.

GLAMORGANSHIRE.

Bridgend: J. H. Davies, D. Brynmor-Jones, J. Rhys, 354, 355.

Crymlyn: Cadrawd, in the South Wales Daily News, 405, 406.

? : Wirt Sikes, in his British Goblins, 191, 192, 405.

Kenfig: Iolo Morganwg, in the Iolo MSS., 403, 404.

? : David Davies, 402.

Llanfabon: I. Craigfryn Hughes, 257-268.

Llanwynno: Glanffrwd, in his Plwyf Llanwyno, 26.

Merthyr Tydfil: Llywarch Reynolds (from his mother), 269.

Quakers' Yard: I. Craigfryn Hughes, 173-91.

Rhonda Fechan: Llewellyn Williams, 24, 25.

,, ,, : J. Probert Evans, 25, 27.

,, ,, : Ll. Reynolds (from D. Evans and others), 27-9.

Rhonda Valley: D. J. Jones, 356.

? : Dafyd Morganwg, in his Hanes Morganwg, 356.

? : Waring, in his Recollections of Edward Williams, 458-61.

MERIONETHSHIRE.

Aberdovey: J. Pughe, in the Arch. Camb. for 1853, 142-6, 428.

,, : Mrs. Prosser Powell, 416.

? : M. B., in the Monthly Packet for 1859, 416, 417.

Ardudwy: Hywel (Wm. Davies), 147, 148.

Bala: David Jones of Trefriw: see Cyfaill yr Aelwyd, 376, 377.

,, : Wm. Davies and Owen M. Edwards, 378.

? : Humphreys' Llyfr Gwybodaeth Gyffredinol, 408-10.

? : J. H. Roberts, in Edwards' Cymru for 1897, 148-51.

Dolgelley: Lucy Griffith (from a Dolgelley man), 243, 244.

Llandrillo: E. S. Roberts (from A. Evans and Mrs. Edwards), 138-41.

Llanegryn: Mr. Williams and Mr. Rowlands, 243.

,, : A Llanegryn man (after Wm. Pritchard), 242.

,, : Another Llanegryn man, 242, 243.

Llanuwchllyn: Owen M. Edwards, 147.

? : J. H. Roberts, in Edwards' Cymru for 1897, 215-7, 457.

? : Glasynys, in the Brython for 1862, 137.

? : ,, in the Taliesin for 1859-60, 215, 216, 456, 457.

MONMOUTHSHIRE.

Aberystruth: Edm. Jones, in his Parish of Aberystruth, 195, 196.

Llandeilo Cressenny: Elizabeth Williams, 192, 193.

Llanover: Wm. Williams and other gardeners there, 193, 194.

,, : Mrs. Gardner of Ty Uchaf Llanover, 194, 195.

,, : Professor Sayce, 602.

Risca?: I. Craigfryn Hughes (from hearsay in the district between Llanfabon and Caerleon), 462-4, 487, 593-6.

MONTGOMERYSHIRE.

Llanidloes: Elias Owen, in his Welsh Folk-Lore, 275.

PEMBROKESHIRE.

Fishguard: E. Perkins of Penysgwarne, 172, 173.

,, : Ferrar Fenton, in the Pembroke County Guardian, 160.

Llandeilo Llwydarth: The Melchior family, 398.

,, ,, : Benjamin Gibby, 399, 400.

Nevern: J. Thomas of Bancau Bryn Berian, 689.

Trevine: 'Ancient Mariner,' in the Pembroke County Guardian, 171.

? : Ferrar Fenton, in the Pembroke County Guardian, 171.

? : Ab Nadol, in the Brython for 1861, 165.

? : Southey, in his Madoc, 170.

RADNORSHIRE.

Nil.

TO ALL SORTS AND CONDITIONS OF MEN

The author would be glad to hear of unrecorded Welsh stories, or bits of Welsh stories not comprised in this volume. He would also be grateful for the names of more localities in which the stories here given, or variants of them, are still remembered. It will be his endeavour to place on record all such further information, except stories about spooks and ghosts of the ordinary type.

LIST OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

Ab Gwilym: Bardoniaeth Dafyd ab Gwilym, edited by Cyndelw (Liverpool, 1873), 206, 233, 439, 444, 671.

Adamnan: The Life of St. Columba, written by Adamnan, edited by William Reeves (Dublin, 1857), 545.

Agrippa: H. Cornelius Agrippa De Occulta Philosophia (Paris, 1567), 213.

Aneurin: The Book of Aneurin (see Skene), 226, 281, 543.

Antiquary, the, a magazine devoted to the study of the past, published by Elliot Stock (London, 1880-), 467.

,, : the Scottish: see Stevenson.

Archæologia Cambrensis, the Journal of the Cambrian Archæological Association (London, 1846-), 73, 141-6, 233, 366, 403, 468, 528, 532, 533, 542, 566, 570, 579.

Athenæum, the, a journal of English and foreign literature, science, fine arts, music, and the drama (London, 1828-), 335, 612.

Atkinson: The Book of Ballymote, a collection of pieces (prose and verse) in the Irish language, compiled about the beginning of the fifteenth century, published by the Royal Irish Academy, with introduction, analysis of contents, and index by Robert Atkinson (Dublin, 1887), 375.

,, : The Book of Leinster, sometimes called the Book of Glendalough, a collection of pieces (prose and verse) in the Irish language, compiled, in part, about the middle of the twelfth century, published by the Royal Irish Academy, with introduction, analysis of contents, and index by Robert Atkinson (Dublin, 1880), 381, 390, 392, 528, 531, 616, 618, 635, 657.

Aubrey: Miscellanies collected by John Aubrey (London, 1696) [the last chapter is on second-sighted persons in Scotland], 273.

Bastian: Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, edited by A. Bastian and others (Berlin, 1869-), 684.

Bathurst: Roman Antiquities at Lydney Park: see 445, 446.

Behrens: Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Litteratur, edited by D. Behrens (Oppeln and Leipsic, 1879-), 480.

Bell: Early Ballads, edited by Robert Bell (London, 1877), 317.

Bertrand: La Religion des Gaulois, les Druides et le Druidisme, by Alexandre Bertrand (Paris, 1897), 552, 622, 623.

Bible: The Holy Bible, revised version (Oxford, 1885), 583.

,, : The Manx Bible, printed for the British and Foreign Bible Society (London, 1819), 288, 297, 348.

Boschet: La Vie du Père Maunoir, by Boschet (Paris, 1697), 386.

Bourke: The Bull 'Ineffabilis' in four Languages, translated and edited by the Rev. Ulick J. Bourke (Dublin, 1868), 606.

Boyd Dawkins: Professor Boyd Dawkins' Address on the Place of a University in the History of Wales (Bangor, 1900), 388, 389.

Bray: The Borders of the Tamar and the Tavy, their Natural History, Manners, Customs, Superstitions, &c., in a series of letters to the late Robert Southey, by Mrs. Bray (new ed., London, 1879), 213.

Braz: La Légende de la Mort en Basse-Bretagne, Croyances, Traditions et Usages des Bretons Armoricains, by A. le Braz (Paris, 1892), 273.

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British Association for the Advancement of Science, Report of the (John Murray, London, 1833-), 103, 310, 346, 590.

Brynmor-Jones: The Welsh People, by John Rhys and David Brynmor-Jones (London, 1900), 421, 448, 454, 488, 548, 554, 613, 656, 661.

Brython, Y: see Silvan Evans.

Cambrian: The Cambrian Biography: see Owen.

,, : The Cambrian Journal, published under the auspices of the Cambrian Institute [the first volume appeared in 1854 in London, and eventually the publication was continued at Tenby by R. Mason, who went on with it till the year 1864], 81, 130, 201, 202, 480, 564.

,, : The Cambrian newspaper, published at Swansea, 468.

,, : The Cambrian Popular Antiquities: see Roberts.

,, : The Cambrian Quarterly Magazine (London, 1829-33), 202.

,, : The Cambrian Register, printed for E. and T. Williams (London, 1796-1818), 217.

Campbell: Popular Tales of the West Highlands, with a translation, by J. F. Campbell (Edinburgh, 1860-2), 433, 434, 690.

Caradoc: The Gwentian Chronicle of Caradoc of Llancarvan, 404.

,, : The History of Wales written originally in British by Caradoc of Lhancarvan, Englished by Dr. Powell and augmented by W. Wynne (London, 1774), 476, 480.

Carmarthen: The Black Book of Carmarthen (see Skene), 543.

Carnarvon: Registrum vulgariter nuncupatum 'The Record of Carnarvon,' è Codice msto Descriptum (London, 1838), 70, 201, 488, 567-9, 693.

Carrington: Report of the Royal Commission on Land in Wales and Monmouthshire, Chairman, the Earl of Carrington (London, 1896), 488.

Chambers: Popular Rhymes of Scotland, by Robert Chambers (Edinburgh, 1841, 1858), 585.

Charencey, H. de, in the Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, 664.

Chaucer: The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, edited from numerous manuscripts by the Rev. Prof. Skeat (Oxford, 1894), 75.

Chrétien: Erec und Enide von Christian von Troyes, published by Wendelin Foerster (Halle, 1890), 375, 672.

Cicero: OEuvres Complètes de Cicéron (the Didot ed., Paris, 1875), 652.

Clark: Limbus Patrum Morganiæ et Glamorganiæ, being the genealogies of the older families of the lordships of Morgan and Glamorgan, by George T. Clark (London, 1886), 26.

Clodd: Tom Tit Tot, an essay on savage philosophy in folklore, by Edward Clodd (London, 1898), 584, 598, 607, 627, 628, 630.

Cochrane: The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Robert Cochrane, Secretary (Hodges, Figgis & Co., Dublin), 546.

Cockayne: Leechdoms, Wortcunning and Starcraft of early England, by the Rev. Oswald Cockayne (Rolls Series, London, 1864-6), 293.

Cormac: Cormac's Glossary, translated and annotated by John O'Donovan, edited with notes and indices by Whitley Stokes (Calcutta, 1868), 51, 310, 521, 629, 632.

Corneille: Le Cid, by P. Corneille, edited by J. Bué (London, 1889), 655.

Cosquin: Contes populaires de Lorraine, by Emmanuel Cosquin (Paris, 1886), 520.

Cothi: The Poetical Works of Lewis Glyn Cothi, a Welsh bard who flourished in the reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard III, and Henry VII, edited for the Cymmrodorion Society by the Rev. John Jones 'Tegid,' and the Rev. Walter Davies 'Gwallter Mechain' (Oxford, 1837), 74, 134, 135, 201.

Coulanges: La Cité antique, by N. D. Fustel de Coulanges (Paris, 1864), 649, 650.

Courson: Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Redon en Bretagne, published by M. Aurélien de Courson (Paris, 1863), 544.

Craigfryn: Y Ferch o Gefn Ydfa, by Isaac Craigfryn Hughes (Cardiff, 1881), 173.

Cregeen: A Dictionary of the Manks Language, by Archibald Cregeen (Douglas, 1835), 288.

Cumming: The Isle of Man, its History, Physical, Ecclesiastical, Civil, and Legendary, by Joseph George Cumming (London, 1848), 314.

Curry: The Battle of Magh Leana, together with The Courtship of Momera, with translation and notes, by Eugene Curry [later O'Curry] (Dublin, 1855), 393: see also O'Curry.

Cyndelw: Cymru Fu, a selection of Welsh histories, traditions, and tales, published by Hughes & Son (Wrexham, 1862) [this was originally issued in parts, and it has never borne the editor's name; but it is understood to have been the late poet and antiquary, the Rev. Robert Ellis 'Cyndelw'], 66, 91, 109, 123, 155, 156, 481.

Dalyell: The Darker Superstitions of Scotland illustrated from History and Practice, by John Graham Dalyell (Edinburgh, 1834), 273.

Davies: The Mythology and Rites of the British Druids, by Edward Davies (London, 1809), 20.

Davies: Antiquæ Linguæ Britannicæ et Linguæ Latinæ Dictionarium Duplex, by Dr. John Davies (London, 1632), 13.

Derfel Hughes: Hynafiaethau Llandegai a Llanllechid (Antiquities of Llandegai and Llanllechid), by Hugh Derfel Hughes (Bethesda, 1866), 52, 480.

Dionysius: Dionysii Halicarnassensis Antiquitatum Romanorum quæ supersunt (the Didot edition, Paris, 1886), 650.

Domesday: Facsimile of Domesday Book, the Cheshire volume, including a part of Flintshire and Leicestershire (Southampton, 1861-5), 563.

Dovaston: [John F. M. Dovaston's poetical works appear to have been published in 1825, but I have not seen the book], 410-3.

Doyle: Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by A. Conan Doyle (London, 1893), 690.

Drayton: The Battaile of Agincourt, by Michaell Drayton (London, 1627), 164.

Dugdale: Monasticon Anglicanum, a history of the abbeys and other monasteries in England and Wales, by Sir William Dugdale (vol. v, London, 1825), 443, 469, 479.

Edwards: Cymru, a monthly magazine edited by Owen M. Edwards (Welsh National Press, Carnarvon), 148.

Elfed: Cyfaill yr Aelwyd a'r Frythones, edited by Elfed (the Rev. H. Elvet Lewis) and Cadrawd (Mr. T. C. Evans), and published by Williams & Son, Llanelly, 23, 376, 418.

Elton: Origins of English History, by Charles Elton (London, 1882), 615.

Elworthy: The Evil Eye, an Account of this ancient and widespread Superstition, by Frederick Thomas Elworthy (London, 1895), 346.

Evans: The Beauties of England and Wales [published in London in 1801-15, and comprising two volumes (xvii and xviii) devoted to Wales, the former of which (by the Rev. J. Evans; published in London in 1812) treats of North Wales], 563.

Folk-Lore: Transactions of the Folk-Lore Society (published by David Nutt, 270 Strand, London), 273, 338, 341, 344, 346, 356, 358-60, 584, 585, 593, 608.

Foulkes: Geirlyfr Bywgraffiadol o Enwogion Cymru, published and printed by Isaac Foulkes (Liverpool, 1870), 396.

Fouqué: Undine, eine Erzählung von Friedrich Baron de la Motte Fouqué (11th ed., Berlin, 1859), 1, 2, 27, 437, 661.

Frazer: The Golden Bough, a study in comparative religion, by Dr. J. G. Frazer (London, 1890), 638, 662.

,, : The Origin of Totemism (in the Fortnightly Review for April, 1899), 662, 663.

Froissart: OEuvres de Froissart, Chroniques, edited by Kervyn de Lettenhove (Brussels, 1870-7), 489.

,, : Chroniques de J. Froissart, published for the 'Société de l'Histoire de France,' by Siméon Luce (Paris, 1869-), 489-91.

,, : Lord Berners' translation (in black letter), published in London in 1525, and Thomas Johnes', in 1805-6, 490.

Gaidoz: Revue Celtique, 'fondée par M. Henri Gaidoz,' 1870-85 [since then it has been edited by H. d'Arbois de Jubainville, and it is now published by Bouillon in Paris (67 Rue de Richelieu)], 60, 374, 375, 387, 389, 390, 427, 432, 435, 480, 519, 546, 573, 580, 581, 603, 618, 619, 629, 631, 649.

Geoffrey: Gottfried's von Monmouth Historia Regum Britanniæ und Brut Tysylio, published by San-Marte (Halle, 1854), 4, 280, 281, 374, 406, 448, 503, 507, 547, 562, 611.

Gilbert: Leabhar na h-Uidhri, a collection of pieces in prose and verse in the Irish language, compiled and transcribed about A.D. 1100 by Moelmuiri mac Ceileachar, published by the Royal Irish Academy, and printed from a lithograph of the original by O'Longan & O'Looney (preface signed by J. T. Gilbert, Dublin, 1870), 381, 387, 414, 424, 435, 498, 537, 547, 611, 613, 618, 620, 624, 654, 657, 661.

Gillen: The Native Tribes of Central Australia, by Baldwin Spencer and F. J. Gillen (London, 1899), 662, 663.

Giraldus: Giraldi Cambrensis Itinerarium Kambriæ et Descriptio Kambriæ, edited by James F. Dimock (Rolls Series, London, 1868), 72, 90, 269-71, 303, 389, 414, 441, 507, 509, 660.

Glanffrwd: Plwyf Llanwyno: yr hen Amser, yr hen Bobl, a'r hen Droion, by Glanffrwd [the Rev. W. Glanffrwd Thomas] (Pontyprid, 1888), 26.

Gottingen: Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen, unter der Aufsicht der königl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften (Gottingen, 1890), 544.

Gregor: Notes on the Folk-lore of the North-east of Scotland, by the Rev. Walter Gregor, published for the Folk-Lore Society (London, 1881), 103.

Griffin: The Poetical and Dramatic Works of Gerald Griffin (Dublin, 1857), 205, 418.

Gröber: Grundriss der romanischen Philologie, unter Mitwirkung von 25 Fachgenossen, edited by Gustav Gröber (Strassburg, 1886), 563.

,, : Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, edited by Gustav Gröber (Halle, 1877-), 563.

Gruter: Iani Gruteri Corpus Inscriptionum (part ii of vol. i, Amsterdam, 1707), 580.

Guest: The Mabinogion, from the Llyfr Coch o Hergest and other ancient Welsh manuscripts, with an English translation and notes by Lady Charlotte Guest (London, 1849), 69, 123, 196, 386, 442, 502, 507, 509, 538, 553, 560, 613, 620, 629, 645-7, 649, 672.

Gwenogvryn: Facsimile of the Black Book of Carmarthen, reproduced by the autotype mechanical process, with a palæographical note by J. Gwenogvryn Evans (Oxford, 1888), 216, 217, 383, 384, 413, 432, 478, 513, 527, 543, 545, 563, 565, 619, 621.

,, : Report on Manuscripts in the Welsh Language, published by the Historical MSS. Commission (vol. i, London, 1898-9), 280, 330, 487, 573.

,, : The Text of the Bruts from the Red Book of Hergest, edited by John Rhys and J. Gwenogvryn Evans (Oxford, 1890), 163, 201, 442, 506, 512, 562.

,, : The Text of the 'Mabinogion' and other Welsh Tales from the Red Book of Hergest, edited by John Rhys and J. Gwenogvryn Evans (Oxford, 1887), 69, 142, 196, 207, 208, 217, 218, 225, 226, 233, 264, 280, 287, 315, 386, 388, 425, 430, 439, 440, 442, 498, 500, 502, 506, 507, 509-16, 519-27, 529-34, 536, 537, 543, 546-8, 550, 551, 553, 560, 561, 565, 580, 608-10, 613, 619, 620, 622, 628-30, 636, 637, 644, 645, 647, 649, 657, 672.

,, : The Text of the Book of Llan Dâv, reproduced from the Gwysaney manuscript by J. G. Evans, with the co-operation of John Rhys (Oxford, 1893) [this is also known as the Liber Landavensis], 163, 398, 476, 478, 528, 531, 568, 691.

Hancock: Senchus Mór, vol. i, prefaced by W. Neilson Hancock (Dublin, 1865), 617.

Hardy: Descriptive Catalogue of Materials relating to the History of Great Britain and Ireland, by Thos. Duffus Hardy (vol. i, London, 1862), 476.

Hartland: The Legend of Perseus, a study of tradition in story, custom, and belief, by Edwin Sidney Hartland (London, 1894-6), 662.

Hartland: The Science of Fairy Tales, an inquiry into fairy mythology, by Edwin Sidney Hartland (London, 1891), 18, 268, 583.

Henderson: Fled Bricrend, edited with translation, introduction, and notes, by George Henderson (London, 1899), 501.

Henderson: Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties of England and the Borders, by Wm. Henderson (London, 1879), 340, 346.

Herbord: Herbordi Vita Ottonis Ep. Bambergensis, in vol. xiv of Pertz' Monumenta Germaniæ Historica Scriptorum [= Script. vol. xii], edited by G. H. Pertz (Hanover, 1826-85), 553.

Hergest: The Red Book of Hergest: see Guest, Gwenogvryn, Skene.

Heywood: The Dramatic Works of Thomas Heywood (London, 1874), 694.

Higden: Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden Monachi Cestrensis, together with the English translations of John Trevisa and an unknown writer of the fifteenth century, edited by Ch. Babington (Rolls Series, London, 1865-86), 330, 331.

Holder: Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, by Alfred Holder (Leipsic, 1896-), 533, 622, 659.

Howells: Cambrian Superstitions, comprising ghosts, omens, witchcraft, and traditions, by W. Howells (Tipton, 1831), 74, 155, 160, 173, 204, 245, 268, 331, 424, 453, 469, 576-9.

Hübner: Das Heiligtum des Nodon: see 446.

,, : Inscriptiones Britanniæ Latinæ, edited by Æmilius Hübner and published by the Berlin Academy (Berlin, 1873), 535.

Humphreys: Golud yr Oes, a Welsh magazine published by H. Humphreys (vol. i, Carnarvon, 1863), 493.

,, : Llyfr Gwybodaeth Gyffredinol, a collection of Humphreys' penny series (Carnarvon, no date), 408.

Iolo: Iolo Manuscripts, a selection of ancient Welsh manuscripts in prose and verse from the collection made by Edward Williams (Iolo Morganwg), with English translations and notes by his son, Taliesin Williams Ab Iolo, and published for the Welsh MSS. Society (Llandovery, 1848), 564, 565, 569, 619.

Iolo Goch: Gweithiau Iolo Goch gyda Nodiadau hanesydol a beirniadol, by Charles Ashton, published for the Cymmrodorion Society (Oswestry, 1896), 281, 367.

Jacobs: Celtic Fairy Tales, selected and edited by Joseph Jacobs (London, 1892), 567.

Jamieson: An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language, by John Jamieson (new ed., Paisley, 1881-2), 591.

Jamieson: Popular Ballads and Songs, by Robert Jamieson (Edinburgh, 1806), 592.

Jenkins: Bed Gelert, its Facts, Fairies, and Folk-Lore, by D. E. Jenkins (Portmadoc, 1899), 450, 453, 469, 533, 567.

Johnstone: Antiquitates Celto-Normannicæ, containing the Chronicle of Man and the Isles, abridged by Camden, edited by James Johnstone (Copenhagen, 1786), 334.

Jones: see p. 195 for Edmund Jones' Account of the Parish of Aberystruth (Trevecka, 1779), 195, 196.

,, : see p. 195 as to his Spirits in the County of Monmouth (Newport, 1813), 195, 217, 350.

Jones: The Elucidarium and other tracts in Welsh from Llyvyr Agkyr Llandewivrevi, A.D. 1346 (Jesus College MS. 119), edited by J. Morris Jones and John Rhys (Oxford, 1894), 529, 693.

Jones: The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales, collected out of ancient manuscripts, by Owen Jones 'Myvyr,' Edward Williams, and William Owen (London, 1801; reprinted in one volume by Thomas Gee, Denbigh, 1870), 441, 469, 529, 560, 610, 619.

Jones: A History of the County of Brecknock, by the Rev. Theophilus Jones (Brecknock, 1805, 1809), 516-8.

Joyce: Old Celtic Romances, translated from the Gaelic by P. W. Joyce (London, 1879), 94, 376, 381, 437, 662.

Jubainville: Le Cycle mythologique irlandais et la Mythologie celtique, by H. d'Arbois de Jubainville (Paris, 1884), 616, 617, 620.

,, : Essai d'un Catalogue de la Littérature épique de l'Irlande, by H. d'Arbois de Jubainville (Paris, 1883), 549, 616, 617, 620.

Kaluza: Libeaus Desconus, edited by Max Kaluza (Leipsic, 1890), 562.

Keating: Forus Feasa air Éirinn, Keating's History of Ireland, book i,