Americans by Choice

Part 39

Chapter 392,519 wordsPublic domain

(Part One) ========================================================================= | | | BAR- | BLACK-| BRICK &| CARP- |CHAUFF-| CITY | BAKERS | BARBERS|TENDERS| SMITHS| STONE | ENTERS | EURS | | | | | | MASONS | | | ------------+--------+--------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+ Total for 7 | | | | | | | | cities-- | | | | | | | | 1 | 10,458 | 11,608 | 6,826 | 5,982 | 10,170 | 25,924 | 3,007 | 2 | 328 | 372 | 248 | 161 | 219 | 779 | 176 | 3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 5.9 | ------------+--------+--------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+ Bridgeport--| | | | | | | | 1 | 151 | 181 | 129 | 179 | 350 | 637 | ... | 2 | 5 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 25 | 5 | 3 | 3.3 | 6.6 | 4.7 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 3.9 | ... | Cincinnati--| | | | | | | | 1 | 605 | 303 | 226 | 292 | 270 | 730 | 35 | 2 | 20 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 13 | 3 | 3 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 8.6 | Cleveland-- | | | | | | | | 1 | 675 | 631 | 401 | 1,222 | 1,356 | 3,879 | 156 | 2 | 39 | 40 | 39 | 58 | 53 | 219 | 10 | 3 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 9.7 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 6.4 | New York-- | | | | | | | | Bor. of | | | | | | | | Man. and | | | | | | | | Bronx: | | | | | | | | 1 | 7,715 | 9,271 | 5,310 | 3,198 | 6,540 | 15,318 | 2,663 | 2 | 218 | 273 | 155 | 57 | 77 | 323 | 147 | 3 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 5.5 | Bor. of | | | | | | | | Queens: | | | | | | | | 1 | 673 | 540 | 307 | 388 | 730 | 1,986 | 61 | 2 | 22 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 31 | 3 | 3 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 4.9 | Paterson-- | | | | | | | | 1 | 188 | 268 | 99 | 132 | 225 | 617 | ... | 2 | 7 | 11 | 15 | 6 | 18 | 38 | 2 | 3 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 15.2 | 4.5 | 8.0 | 6.2 | ... | Portland-- | | | | | | | | 1 | 205 | 161 | 225 | 265 | 199 | 1,549 | 35 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 87 | 4 | 3 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 11.4 | Rochester-- | | | | | | | | 1 | 246 | 244 | 129 | 306 | 500 | 1,208 | 57 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 43 | 43 | 2 | 3 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 7.0 | 2.6 | 8.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | =========================================================================

(Part Two) ==================================================================== |CLERGY-| |MANAGERS| MNFG. | MOTOR- | PAINTERS| CITY | MEN |LABORERS| AND | AND | MEN | AND | | | | SUPTS. |OFFICIALS| | GLAZIERS| ------------+-------|--------+--------+---------+--------+---------+ Total for 7 | | | | | | | cities-- | | | | | | | 1 | 1,425 | 8,426 | 2,175 | 16,779 | 3,855 | 16,772 | 2 | 67 | 1,362 | 154 | 511 | 92 | 514 | 3 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 7.1 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 3.1 | ------------+-------|--------+--------+---------+--------+---------+ Bridgeport--| | | | | | | 1 | ... | 2,735 | 43 | 103 | ... | 221 | 2 | 3 | 35 | ... | 1 | ... | 9 | 3 | ... | 1.3 | ... | 1.0 | ... | 4.1 | Cincinnati--| | | | | | | 1 | ... | 2,488 | 101 | 568 | 53 | 437 | 2 | 3 | 20 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 11 | 3 | ... | 0.8 | 5.0 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.5 | Cleveland-- | | | | | | | 1 | ... | 839 | 274 | 1,148 | 247 | 1,336 | 2 | 5 | 488 | 8 | 39 | 4 | 42 | 3 | ... | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 3.1 | New York-- | | | | | | | Bor. of | | | | | | | Man. and | | | | | | | Bronx: | | | | | | | 1 | 1,247 | 4,211 | 1,339 | 14,944 | 3,178 | 12,866 | 2 | 40 | 397 | 120 | 421 | 75 | 385 | 3 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 9.0 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 3.0 | Bor. of | | | | | | | Queens: | | | | | | | 1 | ... | 4,861 | 155 | 810 | 168 | 790 | 2 | 1 | 63 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 31 | 3 | ... | 1.3 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 2.7 | Paterson-- | | | | | | | 1 | ... | 713 | 84 | 483 | ... | 272 | 2 | 1 | 72 | 9 | 24 | 1 | 19 | 3 | ... | 4.2 | 10.7 | 5.0 | ... | 7.0 | Portland-- | | | | | | | 1 | 106 | 5,831 | 85 | 254 | 84 | 376 | 2 | 11 | 96 | 4 | ... | 4 | 17 | 3 | 10.4 | 1.4 | 4.7 | ... | 4.8 | 4.5 | Rochester-- | | | | | | | 1 | 72 | 3,626 | 94 | 469 | 125 | 474 | 2 | 3 | 137 | 5 | 11 | 4 | 10 | 3 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 2.1 | ====================================================================

(Part Three) ================================================================ | | RETAIL | | | CITY | PLUMBERS | DEALERS | SALESMEN | TAILORS | TOTAL | | | | | ------------+----------+---------+----------+---------+--------- Total for 7 | | | | | cities-- | | | | | 1 | 5,404 | 67,204 | 21,404 | 39,918 | 335,176 2 | 193 | 2,103 | 591 | 2,120 | 9,930 3 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 3.0 ------------+----------+---------+----------+---------+--------- Bridgeport--| | | | | 1 | 133 | 886 | 177 | 266 | 6,191 2 | 5 | 54 | 10 | 16 | 193 3 | 3.8 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 3.1 Cincinnati--| | | | | 1 | 101 | 1,977 | 526 | 1,120 | 9,802 2 | 2 | 45 | 9 | 24 | 183 3 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.9 Cleveland-- | | | | | 1 | 544 | 5,125 | 1,131 | 2,824 | 37,779 2 | 27 | 213 | 17 | 182 | 1,477 3 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 1.5 | 6.4 | 3.9 New York-- | | | | | Bor. of | | | | | Man. and | | | | | Bronx: | | | | | 1 | 3,948 | 52,323 | 17,573 | 33,101 | 235,745 2 | 139 | 1,569 | 508 | 1,754 | 6,658 3 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 2.8 Bor. of | | | | | Queens: | | | | | 1 | 273 | 2,853 | 630 | 602 | 15,836 2 | 6 | 50 | 8 | 17 | 286 3 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 1.8 Paterson-- | | | | | 1 | 106 | 1,197 | 259 | 288 | 5,931 2 | 8 | 77 | 9 | 20 | 337 3 | 7.5 | 6.4 | 3.5 | 6.9 | 5.7 Portland-- | | | | | 1 | 149 | 1,391 | 672 | 437 | 13,024 2 | 5 | 42 | 22 | 29 | 354 3 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 2.7 Rochester-- | | | | | 1 | 150 | 1,452 | 436 | 1,280 | 10,868 2 | 1 | 53 | 8 | 87 | 442 3 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 6.8 | 4.1 ================================================================

INDEX

A

Abbott, Grace, 208

Addams, Jane, 324

Age: At arrival, 236-247 Limitations for naturalization, 95-96

Akron, Ohio: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Alabama: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217

Aliens: (See Immigrants) Cobelligerents, 257 Enemy, 260-263 Desertion, 279-281 Legal position, 5-7 Naturalization bureau support, 189-193 Reciprocal conscription, 278 Rights in United States, 6 War registration, 267-277

Allegiance: National Indelibility, 56 Oath, 137-142 Registered aliens, 267-269

America, 14-16 Immigrants’ vision of, 17

American: Attitude on naturalization, 195-196 Born abroad, 51-52 Definition, 7-16 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Types, 1

Americanism: Essentials, 14-16

Americanization: Agencies, 177-180, 305-307, 330-333 Factors, 37-39, 173 Program, 139-140

American Labor Union, 402

American Railway Union, 402

Argentine: Jus Solis, 45

Arizona: Immigrants Political privilege, 5

Arkansas: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126

Arthur, Chester A., 79

Assimilation, 38-39, 287-288

Auburn, Maine: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Austrian: Allegiance, 274-275 Classification, 287-288 Immigration, 19-20, 197, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization treaties, 56 Vote in New York City, 350, 353

Ayer’s American Newspaper Annual and Directory, 388

B

Bay City, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Belgium: Immigrants, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization Treaties, 56

Bennett, William S., 345-347, 355

Benton Harbor, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Bingham, George G., 311

Blair, A. Z., 345

Bohemians: In Cleveland, 287, 360 Naturalized, 206

Borchard, Edwin M., 4, 52, 56, 59, 60, 64

Boston: Naturalization Division, 89

Brazil: Naturalization treaties, 56

Breckinridge, S. P., 305

Bridgeport, Connecticut: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Briggs-Wall, Henrietta, 141

Brissenden, Paul Frederic, 406

Brooks, John Graham, viii, 8

Brownson, O. A., 378

Buchanan, Pres., 78

Bulgaria: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45

Bureau of Citizenship and Americanization, 180-184

Bureau of Education, 180

Bureau of Naturalization, 19, 81, 89-92, 104, 171-173, 177-193, 200-204, 225, 255, 425-428

Burmese: Naturalization, 93

Byllesby, L., 379

C

Cadillac, Michigan: Women registered, 368

California: Gold discovery, 25

Campbell, Richard K., xxiii, 81, 82, 89-92, 101-105, 187, 285

Canada: Naturalization, 145

Carpenter, A. H., 72

Cases Butchers’ Benevolent Association versus Crescent City Live Stock Company, 65 Cruikshank vs. United States, 67 Fernandez vs. United States, 94 Friedl vs. United States, 99 Lopez vs. United States, 94 Minor vs. Happersett, 64 Phillips, William, 115 Pollock, John, 99 United States vs. Boovris, 115 United States vs. Brefo, 97 United States vs. Gerstein, 136 United States vs. Hill, 162 United States vs. Langtry, 97 United States vs. McMillan, 162 United States vs. Mackey, 98 United States vs. Mulcrevy, 162 United States vs. Olson, 119 United States vs. Wong Kim Ark, 49, 51

Certificate of Arrival, 109-112

Certificates of naturalization: Interval between 1st paper, 238 Interval between petition, 237 Issued 1907-1920, 201

Character: Moral, 135-137

Chicago: Municipal Voters’ League, 333-334 Naturalization division, 89 Politics, 32-33, 36

Children: Born at sea, 52-53 Factor in election, 333-334 Foreign birth, 51-52 Parentage, 84-85, 247, 301-303

Chinese: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 93

Cincinnati, Ohio: Good Government League, 373-374 Naturalization courts, 227 Study, 227-254

Citizens: American Children, 51 Desertion, military, 279-281 Jurisdiction, 64-68 By birth, 1 By choice, 1, 3, 7 Definition, 46-51

Citizenship: (See Naturalization) American, 1, 49-50 Immigrants Application, 231, 253 Cause, 254 Fitness of candidates, 193-195, 250 Attitude, 17, 25 Essentials, 46-49 Foreign born women, 296-334 Granted By races, 207-211, For military service, 95 Interval between arrival, 17, 31, 236-254 Legal Recognition, 65-67 Need for, 32 Sex, 62-63 Tests, 68

Claghorn, Kate Holladay, 7

Clark, John B., 212

Clarke, Frederic, 342

Clerks: Naturalization Court, 2, 161-167

Cleveland, Grover, 79

Cleveland, Ohio: Bohemians, 287 Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Study of elections, 357-365

Colonies: American Immigrants in, 69-70 Naturalization in, 70-73 Foreign born Menace of, 2-3

Colorado: Naturalization denials, 126

Communists, 377

Commons, John R., 213

Connecticut: Naturalization denials, 126

Constitution of United States, 50, 65, 69-70, 73, 123-126, 135, 144, 176, 296, 304

Cooper, Thomas, 378

Costa Rica: Naturalization treaties, 56

Country: Person without, 38, 63-64

Courts: Clerks, 161-167 Naturalization, 26-29, 87-88, 93-95, 108, 119-120, 145-147, 227 Studied, 227-254, 429-434

Crist, Raymond F., xxiii, 177, 183, 294, 299, 311

Croatians: Naturalization, 205

Czechs: Socialists, 384

D

Dana, Charles A., 379

Daniels, John, 36

Danish: Immigrants, 19, 25 Naturalized, 206 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 55-56

Davenport, John I., 26, 27, 29

Declaration of Intention: Abolishment, 102-105, 417-420 Attitude of judges, 105-107, 419 Filed In other states, 247-250 Number, 201 Form, 96-98, 107, 418-419 Interval from Arrival to, 96, 236-250 To petition, 218-224 Invalid, 98-102 Suffrage through, 217-218 Time limit, 107-109, 228

Delaware: Naturalization laws, 73

Democratic, 21-23, 31

Denials: Cause, 88-100, 231, 263, 415, 432-433 Comparison, 232 By race, 233 Special, 234 By race, 234-236

Denver, Colo.: Naturalization division, 89

Department of labor, 168

Desertion: By citizenship, 279-281

Detroit, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Devoe, Emma Smith, 325

Dillingham, William P., 204

Dutch: Immigrants, 205

E

Earnings: Comparison By races, 215-217

Easton, Pennsylvania: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Ecuador: Naturalization treaties, 56

Egypt: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45

Eliot, Charles W., 373

Ellerbe, Paul Lee, xxiv

Elmira, New York: Naturalization Court, 227 Study, 227-254

Emmett, Thomas Addis, 23

Employment: Politicians’ usage of, 32

England: Naturalization in, 145 Politics, 24

English: Ability to speak, 120-123 Factor Naturalization, 253 Entry, 416 Immigrants Naturalization, 205-206 Publications, 345, 348, 422

Expatriation: Right, 54-55

F

Fall River, Massachusetts: Naturalization receptions, 138-139

Filipinos: Naturalization, 94

Finnish: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Socialist, 384

Flint, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Florida: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denial, 126

Flournoy, R., 59

Foreign Legion, 273

Fosdick, Raymond B., viii

France: Citizenship, 55 Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 145

French: Immigrants, 205

Fuller, Margaret, 379

G

Galesburg, Illinois: Naturalization courts, 227

Gay, Edwin F., viii

Geneva: Jus Solis, 45

German: Citizenship laws, 57-62 Immigrants Naturalization of, 205-206 Number, 22 Politics, 24-25 Immigration, 18-20, 25, 197, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Press, 388 Socialist, 387-390 Vote in New York City, 352-353

Giddings, Franklin H., 9

Gillette, John M., 398

Glenn, John M., viii

Godwin, Parke, 379

Gompers, Samuel, 336

Government: Land possession, 40 Relation between Federal and State, 6

Graft: In naturalization courts, 165-167

Grand Rapids, Michigan: Americanization society, 330-334 Civic interest in, 365-369 Naturalization program, 139-140 Women registered, 368

Grant U. S., 79

Great Britain: Immigrants, 18, 19 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 56-57

Greeks: Expatriation rights, 54 Immigration, 197 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45

Greeley, Horace, 379

H

Haiti: Naturalization treaties, 56

Hamilton, Alexander, 70

Harrison, Benjamin, 79

Harrison, J. B., 343

Hart, Hornell, xxiii

Hawaiians: Naturalization, 93

Hawkins, L. H., xxiii

Hawthorne, Nathan, 379

Hearst, William R., 355

Higgins, A. Pearce, 59

Holmes, Edith Knight, 326

Honduras: Naturalization, 56

Hung, Gaillard, 81

Hungarians: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Socialists, 384

I

Illinois: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denials, 126

Immigrants (see Aliens): Naturalized Aid, 32 Attitude, 3-5 Cause of immigration, 18-21 Interval between arrival and citizenship, 17 New, 197-224, 233-254 Number, 19-20 Old, 197-224, 233-254 Proportion of all foreign born, 2 Vision of America, 17 Vote, 335-376 Unnaturalized Refusal to submit to injustice, 7

Immigration: Rights, 44-45 To America, 43-44 Cause, 18, 25-30 Distribution By years, 22 Variation, 17-20

Indiana: Comparison--declarations to petitions, 222 Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126

Industrial Workers of the World, 403-409

International Working Peoples Association, 402

Iowa: Naturalization denials, 126

Iowa City, Iowa: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Irish: Immigrants, 18, 21, 25, 197 Naturalized, 206 Number, 22 Politics, 21-24 Vote in New York City, 352-353

Italian: Citizenship rights, 55 Immigrants, 19-20, 197, 231 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization petitioners, 124 Socialist, 384 Vote Cleveland, 357-365 New York City, 352-353

Ithaca, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

J

Jackson, Michigan: Women registrants, 368

Japanese: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 93

Jefferson, Thomas, 75, 78

Jenks, J. W., 343

Jennings, R. L., 379

Jews: Socialist, 384, 390-391 Vote in Cleveland, 358

Johnson, Andrew, 78

Johnstone, Lucy B., 325

Judges: Attitudes Denials, 129-133 Derivative voters, 315-317 Examiners, 170-171 Naturalization, 29, 105-107, 113, 120-123, 158-161, 174-177, 283-285, 411-412, 419 Naturalization Ceremonies, 137-138, 423-425 Personal equation, 147-158

Jugoslavs: Vote in Cleveland, 358

Jurisdiction: Of citizens, 64-68

Jus Sanguinis, 42, 44-45

Jus Solis, 42, 44-45

K

Kalamazoo, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Kansas: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denial, 126

Kentucky: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denials, 126

Kohs, S. C., xxiii

L

Labor: Vote, 335-339

Language: Naturalization Factor, 214-215

Lansing, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Laws: Aliens, 5-7 Blood, 42, 44-45 Naturalization, 30, 70-88 Amendment to, 132 Soil, 42, 44-45

Legal: Rights of aliens, 5-7

Legislation: Immigrant suffrage, 5 Naturalization law, 50, 69-88, 132, 144-145, 181-186, 259-261

Letts: Socialists, 384

Lincoln, Abraham, 78

Lipsky, Abram, 348, 357

Lithuanian: Socialist, 384

Lowell, James Russell, 379

Luxemburg: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45

M

Madison, James, 73, 78

Magyar: Vote in Cleveland, 360

Mariners: Naturalization of, 77

Maryland: Naturalization laws, 73

Massachusetts: Naturalization denials, 126 Naturalization law, 73

Meeker, Jacob, 262

Melting Pot: Test of, 281-282

Michigan: Immigrants Naturalization denials, 126 Political privileges, 5, 217

Middletown, Connecticut: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254

Military Service: Naturalization through, 93, 255-295

Mineola, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254.

Missouri: Immigrants Naturalization denials, 126 Suffrage, 5, 217

Moley, Raymond, xxiii-xxiv

Monaco: Jus Sanguinis, 44

Montana: Naturalization denials, 126

Moravian: Naturalized, 206

Morris, Oliver S., 397

Munro, William Bennett, 33, 375

Muskegon, Michigan: Women registered, 368

Myers, Gustavus, 23-24

MC

McCook, J. J., 343

McKinley, President, 77

N

Nationality, 40 Denial, 53-54

National Labor Union, 402

Naturalization: Aid, 32 Attitude United States Presidents, 78 Comparison All foreign born, 2 First to second papers, 218-224 New and old immigrants, 204-217 Court clerks, 161-167 Declaration of intention, 98-105 Denials, 120-137, 415 Derivation, 302-303 Factors, 214-224 Educational test, 173-177 Military service, 255-295 Fees, 190 Frauds, 25-30, 265-267 Intervals, 236-243 Law, 30, 69-88 Operation, 89-142 Personal equation in, 143-196 Petitioners, 225-254 Women, 309-311 Process, 1, 21, 31, 199-202, 420-422 Requirements, 83-88, 120-123, 410-412, 416 Restriction, 92-96 Service, 167-173, 185-189, 200, 202

Nearing, Scott, 289

Nebraska: Immigrants Political privilege, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126