Part 15

=By Cards.=--The number of tricks won, more than six, or over the “Book,” is the number by cards. For instance, eight tricks are equal to two by cards.

=Cards of Re-entry.=--A winning card which will bring into play another suit. Sometimes the re-entry is in the suit itself, but when a suit with a re-entry is spoken of, it means that the re-entry is in another suit.

=Chicane.=--A hand dealt without a trump.

=Command.=--The best card or cards of a suit. The ability to stop the suit at any time.

=Coup.=--A brilliant play resulting in gain.

=Covering.=--Putting a higher card on the trick when not the last player.

=Cross-ruff.=--When two suits are being trumped by opposite hands.

=Des Chapelles Coup.=--Sacrificing a high card, by leading it to make an entry card for your partner’s hand.

=Discarding.=--When unable to follow suit, throwing away a card of a suit which is not trumps.

=Doubling.=--Increasing the value of the trick points.

=Doubtful Cards=.--Cards which may or may not win tricks.

=Ducking.=--Refusing to play the master card of a suit, with the object of making the smaller cards in the suit.

=Dummy.=--The player whose cards are exposed on the table.

=Duplicate.=--A modification in which each hand is played more than once.

=Echo.=--Playing a higher card before a lower, to your partner’s high card lead.

=Eldest Hand.=--The player on the dealer’s left.

=Entry Card.=--A card, with which you can obtain the lead.

=Established Suit.=--A suit in which the partners can win every trick.

=Exposed Card.=--Any card which is shown, but is not played to the trick, such as one or two cards inadvertently played at once.

=Fall.=--The cards as they are played.

=False Cards.=--Playing the ace, holding the king, or any similar attempt to conceal the cards held.

=Finesse.=--Any attempt to win a trick with a card which is not the best in the hand, nor in sequence with it.

=Follow.=--The cards played of the suit led.

=Forcing.=--Making a player trump to win the trick.

=Fourchette.=--The card next higher and next lower than the one led. Holding jack, nine, ten led--you hold a fourchette.

=Fourth Best.=--Counting from the highest card in the suit.

=Going Over.=--Doubling the value of the trick points.

=Guarded Suits.=--A high card so protected by smaller cards that it cannot be caught by the adversaries’ lead of higher cards.

=Holding Up.=--Refusing to play the best, and sometimes the second best card, of a suit.

=Honours.=--In trumps the A K Q J 10 of the suit. At “no-trumps,” the four aces.

=Leader.=--The first player to any trick.

=Leading Through.=--Leading suit with a view to what the second hand holds in it.

=Leading Up To.=--Playing a suit with a view to what the fourth hand holds in it.

=Little Slam.=--Twelve tricks won out of thirteen.

=Long Suit.=--A suit of more than three cards.

=Long Trump.=--The last trump in play.

=Losing Cards.=--Cards which cannot possibly take tricks.

=Love-all.=--The state of the score before either side has made a point.

=Master Cards.=--Any card of a suit the best in play.

=Odd Trick.=--The first trick over the book of six.

=Opening.=--You “open” a suit when you are the first to lead a card from the suit. The original leader is said to make the opening lead.

=Original Lead.=--The opening of the hand.

=Pass.=--When no effort is made to take a trick.

=Revoke.=--Renouncing while still holding cards of the suit led.

=Round.=--The cards that compose the trick.

=Rubber.=--Two out of three games.

=Ruffing.=--Trumping a trick.

=Sequence.=--Two or more cards of equal value.

=Short Suit.=--Any suit of less than four cards.

=Singleton.=--A suit of which you hold originally but one card.

=Slam.=--Winning all thirteen tricks.

=Tenace.=--The best and third best of a suit. Ace and queen are tenace over the king, jack.

=Third Hand.=--The leader’s partner.

=Throwing the Lead.=--Purposely playing a losing card that you may not retain the lead.

=Unblocking.=--Getting rid of a card that may stop the run of a long suit.

=Underplay.=--Playing a low card with a higher card in hand.

=Weak Suits.=--Those in which tricks are impossible, or very improbable.

=Weakness.=--Inability to stop a suit.

=Younger Hand.=--The partner of the original leader.

INDEX.

Ace, king, jack combination, 127 Ace, queen, jack combination, 125 Ace, jack, ten combination, 129 Ace and king, lead from, 60 Ace, lead of, 64 Ace denies king, 64 Accepting force, 143 Advantages of discarding strength, 120 Arranging the lead, 131 Avoid leading trumps, 141 Avoid weak red makes, 33 Avoid opening trumps, 70 Avoid leading from short trumps, 72 Avoid leading from suit with one honour, 72 Abandoning spade hands, 49

Bridge for three players, 24 Bridge, laws of, 1 Bystanders, 20

Cards exposed before play, 13 Cards exposed during play, 14 Cards played in error, 16 Changing suits, 74 Choice of suits to lead through, 79 Choice of suits to play for, 151 Chicane, 4 Clubs, 46 Convention, heart, 57 Convention, weak suit, 57 Covering honour with honour, 93 Combining hands of dealer and dummy, 125 Combinations to be avoided, 131 Cutting, 3 Cutting out, 4

Dealer’s play of “no-trump” declaration, 151 Dealer’s play, 124 Defensive play against red makes, 59 Dealing out of turn, 13 Declaration, the, 31 Declaring to the score, 27 Declaring trumps, 8 Deal, a new, 7 Deal, the, 6 Defence against overtaking and ducking, 172 Desire to ruff, 75 Diagrams of good combinations to lead from, 62 Diagrams of bad combinations to lead from, 61 Diamonds, 43 Diamonds, original, 43 Diamond make for safety, 45 Diamond make, rule for, 45 Discard, the, 116 Discarding strength, advantages of, 117 Discard against declared trump, 117 Discard from weakness, 119 Discard from strength, 118 Discard at “no trump,” 118 Discarding, hints on, 121 Discarding partner’s suit, 121 Discarding by the dealer, 122 Discontinuing lead of trumps, 144 Discards, forcing, 148 Doubling, 51 Doubling gives information to partner, 53 Doubling to the score, 53 Doubling on the rubber game, 52 Doubling spades, 52 Doubling no-trump, 53 Doubling, redoubling, etc., 9 Doubling to prevent loss, 53 Ducking, 166 Dummy, 11

Echo, the, 88 Eleven, rule of, 67 Estimating the value of a hand, 54 Establishing adversaries’ suit, 81 Establishing small cards, 151 Etiquette, 21 Examples of fourth-best leads, 62 Examples of bad openings against declared trump, 61 Examples of hands that should not be passed, 42 Examples of opening leads, 63 Examples of inference from opening leads, 68 Examples of leading trumps to the maker, 71 Examples of leading trumps through dummy, 71 Examples of no-trump makes, 38 Examples of short suit openings, 77 Examples of second hand plays, 137 Examples of unblocking, 109 Examples of original leads at no trump, 106 Exhausting trumps, 144 Exposed card before play, 13 Exposed card during play, 13

False-carding, 122 Finesse obligatory, 134 Finessing, 132 Finessing by dealer, 132 Finesses, locating, 135 Finessing against partner, 81 Five hearts including three honours, 40 Five hearts including two honours, 41 Five hearts with one honour, 41 Forming tables, 3 Forcing discards, 148 Forcing strong hands, 89 Forcing, 89 Fourchette, 94 Four hearts with three honours, 41 Fourth best leads, examples of, 62 Fourth best lead, 96

General inferences, 99 General rules, 19 Giving correct information to partner, 60 Giving partner ruff, 75

Holding up by non-dealers, 111 Holding up, examples of, 112 Hearts, 38 Hearts in preference to “no trump,” 42 Heart combination, 39 Heart convention, the, 57 Hearts, not “no-trumps,” 43 Hesitating in play, 93 Hints on discarding, 121 Holding the lead, 63 Honours, value of, 4 How to draw inferences, 97 How to play to partner’s trump opening, 73

Illustrations of inferences from third hand plays, 82 Information, give to partner, 61 Inferences from opening leads, examples of, 68 Inferences from third hand play, 82 Information, value of, 96 Information, giving partner, 96 Inferences, how to draw, 97 Inferences, general, 99 Inferences, 95 Inferences regarding the make, 98 Information given by doubling, 52 Inferences from low card leads, 67 Inferences from high card leads, 64

Keeping command of adversary’s suit, 153 Keeping the lead, 151 King, jack, ten combination, 129

Laws of Bridge, 1 Locating trumps, 104 Locating finesses, 135 Long suits, leading from, 60 Long suit, value of, 42 Low card leads, inferences from, 68 Leading trumps, examples of, 71 Leading up to dummy, 87 Leading to force, 89 Letting partner ruff, 90 Leading fourth best, 96 Leading red suit to dealer, 105 Leading weak suit at no-trump, 105 Leading from weak hand, 130 Leading trumps to prevent a ruff, 74 Leads out of turn, 15 Leading through strength, 77 Leading through king in dummy, 79 Leading long with four trumps, 76 Leading short with six trumps, 76 Leading red suit on passed make, 75 Leading highest of short suit, 76 Lead when spades are trumps, 72 Leading trumps to throw the lead, 71 Leading trumps from sequence, 70 Leading trumps to prevent a ruff, 143 Leading up to strength, 70 Leading from long suit, 62 Lead of the ace, 64 Lead of ace and king, 65 Lead of the king, 65 Lead of the queen, 65 Lead of the jack, 66 Leading jack from king, jack, ten, 66 Lead of the ten, 66 Lead of the nine, 67 Leading to save slam, 60 Leading from sequence, 61 Leading from ace and king, 65 Leading trumps in doubled spades, 56 Leading from weak trumps, 74 Leading through weakness, 78 Lead when partner has doubled, 55 Leading short suits, 68

Making high cards, 60 Making to score, 31 Management of trumps by dealer, 139 Miscellaneous combinations, 130 Misdeal, 10

New deal, 7 New cards, 20 Non-dealer’s play against a “no-trump” hand, 102 Non-dealer’s play to the score, 29 Non-dealer’s play against a declared trump, 59 “No-trump” declaration by the dealer, 32 “No-trump” with three aces, 35 “No-trump” with two aces and one other guarded suit, 35 “No-trump” with two aces, 36 “No-trump” with one ace, 37 “No-trump” without an ace, 37 Not returning lead of trumps, 73 Not leading from single honour suits, 72 Not leading from tenace suits, 72 Not forcing strong trump hand, 142

Obtaining a ruff, 141 Opening leads, examples, 63 Opening a short suit against a “no-trump” declaration, 107 Original lead at “no-trump,” examples of, 106 Original lead at “no-trump,” 103 Opening short with strong hand, 74 Opening lead, the, 60 Opening lead against trump declaration, 60 Original lead, the, 103 Original lead at “no-trump,” 106 Original trump openings, 70 Original trump openings from strength, 72 Overtaking and ducking, 171 Overtaking and unblocking, 170 Overtaking, 163 Overtrumping, 147

Passed makes, 47 Passed red makes, 49 Passed black makes, 48 Placing high cards, 81 Placing partner in lead, 75 Playing before dummy, 92 Playing ace second in hand, 94 Playing through strength, 77 Playing to the score, 28 Playing before dealer, 94 Preventing ruff, 74 Preventing ruff, leading trumps to, 143

Redoubling, 10, 54 Returning partner’s lead, 91, 109 Re-entries, saving, 157 Red makes defensive, 39 Re-entry cards, 148 Reverse discard, 122 Revoke, the, 17 Rights of entry, 5 Rubber, the, 1 Ruff, obtaining a, 140 Ruff, preventing a, 74 Ruff, desire to, 75, 88 Ruff, giving partner, 78 Ruff, letting partner, 88 Rule of eleven, 67 Rules for “no-trump” declaration by the dealer, 34 Rules for the heart make, 40

Saving game, 151 Saving re-entries, 157 Score, the, 27 Scoring, 1 Seeing dummy hand, 59 Second hand plays, 136 Second hand plays, examples of, 137 Short suit openings, examples of, 77 Short suit openings, 74 Second hand play, 91 Shuffling, 6 Slam, 4 Short suit, leading from, 74 Spades, 47 Spades, original, 47 Strength indicated by trump opening, 70 Strength indicated by doubling, 51 Suggestions for third hand play, 80

Taking out re-entry cards, 115 Trumps, leading in doubled spades, 73 Trumps, avoid leading, 72 Trump, original openings, 70 Trumps, leading up to strength, 70 Trump, opening from strength, 72 Trump lead, not returning, 73 Trusting partner, 99 Trumping losing cards, 141 Trump opening indicates strength, 72 Trump lead when weak hand can ruff, 74 Trump lead against a spade make, 72 Trump opening from strength, 72 Tenace, not leading from, 62 Third hand play, 80 Throwing the lead, 150

Unblocking, 161, 170 Unblocking trump suit, 142 Unblocking, 108 Unblocking, examples of, 109

Value of long suit, 42 Value of tricks, 4 Value of information, 96

Watching dealer’s discards, 135 Watching fall of cards, 98 Watching partner’s play, 98 Watching adversaries’ play, 98 Weakness, leading through, 71 Weak trumps, leading from, 71 Weak suit convention, the, 57 When to lead through strength, 78 When to lead trumps, 139 When not to lead trumps, 141 When to draw the remaining trumps, 144 When to trump, 146 When you play before the dummy, 92 When you play before the dealer, 94 Win the first trick, 59