CHAPTER IV. THE STEM

I. FORMS AND GROWTH OF STEMS 81

II. MODIFICATIONS OF THE STEM 88

III. STEM STRUCTURE

A. MONOCOTYLS 96

B. HERBACEOUS DICOTYLS 102

C. WOODY STEMMED DICOTYLS 107

IV. THE WORK OF STEMS 112

V. WOOD STRUCTURE IN ITS RELATION TO INDUSTRIAL USES 118

VI. FORESTRY 124

FIELD WORK 128