CHAPTER XXIX.
VOLCANIC ROCKS--_continued_.
Trap dike--sometimes project--sometimes leave fissures vacant by decomposition--Branches and veins of trap--Dikes more crystalline in the centre--Foreign fragments of rock imbedded--Strata altered at or near the contact--Obliteration of organic remains--Conversion of chalk into marble--and of coal into coke--Inequality in the modifying influence of dikes--Trap interposed between strata--Columnar and globular structure--Relation of trappean rocks to the products of active volcanos--Submarine lava and ejected matter correspond generally to ancient trap--Structure and physical features of Palma and some other extinct volcanos 378