CHAPTER XIV.
OLDER PLIOCENE AND MIOCENE FORMATIONS.
Strata of Suffolk termed Red and Coralline crag--Fossils, and proportion of recent species--Depth of sea and climate--Reference of Suffolk crag to the older Pliocene period--Migration of many species of shells southwards during the glacial period--Fossil whales--Subapennine beds--Asti, Sienna, Rome--Miocene formations--Faluns of Touraine--Depth of sea and littoral character of fauna--Tropical climate implied by the testacea--Proportion of recent species of shells--Faluns more ancient than the Suffolk crag--Miocene strata of Bordeaux and Piedmont--Molasse of Switzerland--Tertiary strata of Lisbon--Older Pliocene and Miocene formations in the United States--Sewalik Hills in India 161