A Manual of Elementary Geology or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants as Illustrated by Geological Monuments

CHAPTER XIII.

Chapter 1695 wordsPublic domain

NEWER PLIOCENE STRATA AND CAVERN DEPOSITS.

Chronological classification of Pleistocene formations, why difficult--Freshwater deposits in valley of Thames--In Norfolk cliffs--In Patagonia--Comparative longevity of species in the mammalia and testacea--Fluvio-marine crag of Norwich--Newer Pliocene strata of Sicily--Limestone of great thickness and elevation--Alternation of marine and volcanic formations--Proofs of slow accumulation--Great geographical changes in Sicily since the living fauna and flora began to exist--Osseous breccias and cavern deposits--Sicily--Kirkdale--Origin of stalactite--Australian cave-breccias--Geographical relationship of the provinces of living vertebrata and those of the fossil species of the Pliocene periods--Extinct struthious birds of New Zealand--Teeth of fossil quadrupeds 146