Part 5
Wuchechepúnnock, A great bunch of hayre bound up behind.
Múppacuck, A long locke.
Obs. Yet some cut their haire round, and some as low and as short as the sober English; yet I never saw any so to forget nature it selfe in such excessive length and monstrous fashion, as to the shame of the English Nation, I now (with grief) see my Countrey-men in England are degenerated unto.
Wuttip, The Braine.--Obs. In the braine their opinion is, that the soule (of which we shall speake in the Chapter of Religion) keeps her chiefe seat and residence:
For the temper of the braine in quick apprehensions and accurate judgements (to say no more) the most high and soveraign God and Creator, hath not made them inferiour to Europeans.
The Mauquaûogs, or Men-eaters that live two or three hundred miles West from us, make a delicious monstrous dish of the head and brains of their enemies; which yet is no barre (when the time shall approach) against Gods call and their repentance and who knowes (but) a greater love to the Lord Jesus? great sinners forgiven love much.
Mscáttuck, The fore-head.
Wuskeésuck-quash, Eye, or eyes.
Tiyùsh kusskeésuckquash? Can you not see or where are your eyes?
Wuchaûn, The nostrills.
Wuttóvwog, quàsh, Eare, eares
Wuttòne, The mouth.
Wéenat, The tongue.
Wépit-teash, Tooth, teeth.
Pummaumpiteùnck, The tooth-ake.
Obs: Which is the onely paine will force their stout hearts to cry; I cannot heare of any disease of the stone amongst them (the corne of the Countrey, with which they are fed from the wombe, being an admirable cleanser and opener:) but the paine of their womens child birth (of which I shall speake afterward in the Chapter of Marriage) never forces their women so to cry, as I have heard some of their Men in this paine.
In this paine they use a certaine root dried, not much unlike our Ginger.
Sítchipuck, The necke.
Qúttuck, The throat.
Timeqúassin, To cut off or behead.--Which they are most skilfull to doe in fight: for whenever they wound, and their arrow sticks in the body of their enemie, they (if they be valorous, and possibly may) they follow their arrow, and falling upon the person wounded and tearing his head a little aside by his Locke, they in the twinckling of an eye fetch off his head though but with a sorry knife.
I know the Man yet living, who in time of warre, pretended to fall from his owne campe to the enemie, proffered his service in the front with them against his owne Armie from whence he had revolted. Hee propounded such plausible advantages, that he drew them out to battell, himselfe keeping in the front; but on a sudden, shot their chiefe Leader and Captaine, and being shot, in a trice fetcht off his head, and returned immediately to his owne againe, from whom in pretence (though with this treacherous intention) hee had revolted: his act was false and treacherous, yet herein appeares policie, stoutnesse and activitie, &c.
Napànnog, The breast.
Wuppíttene énash, Arme, Armes.
Wuttàh, The heart.
Wunnêtunita, My heart is good.
Obs: This speech they use whenever they professe their honestie; they naturally confessing that all goodnesse is first in the heart.
Mishquínash, The vaines.
Mishquè, néepuck, The blood.
Uppusquàn, The backe.
Nuppusquànnick, My back, or at my back.
Wunnícheke, Hand.
Wunniskégannash, Hands.
Mokássuck, Nayles.
Obs: They are much delighted after battell to hang up the hands and heads of their enemies: (Riches, long Life, and the Lives of enemies being objects of great delight to all men naturall; but Solomon begged Wisedome before these.)
Wunnáks, The bellie.
Apòme, Apòmash, The thigh, the thighs.
Mohcònt, tash, A legge, legs.
Wussètte, tash, A foot, feet.
Wunnichéganash, The toes.
Touwuttínsin, What manner of man?
Tonnúckquaque, Of what bignesse?
Wompésu, } White Mowêsu, and } Blacke or Swarfish. Suckêsu, }
Obs: Hence they call a Blackamore (themselves are tawnie, by the Sunne and their annoyntings, yet they are borne white:)
Suckáuttacone, a cole blacke Man. For, _sucki_ is black, and _Waûtacone_ one that weares clothes, whence English, Dutch, French, Scotch, they call _Wautaconâuog_, or Coatmen.
Cummínakese, You are strong.
Minikêsu, Strong.
Minioquêsu, Weake.
Cummmíniocquese, Weake you are.
Qunnaúqussu, A tall man.
Qunnauqussítchick, Tall men.
Tiaquónqussu, Low and short.
Tiaquonqussíchick, Men of lowe stature.
Wunnêtu-wock, Proper and personall.
_The generall observation from the parts of the bodie._
Nature knowes no difference between Europe and Americans in blood, birth, bodies, &c. God having of one blood made all mankind. Acts 17. and all by nature being children of wrath, Ephes. 2.
More particularly:
Boast not proud English, of thy birth and blood Thy Brother Indian is by birth as Good. Of one blood God made Him, and Thee, and All. As wise, as faire, as strong, as personall. By nature, wrath’s his portion, thine, no more Till Grace his soule and thine in Christ restore. Make sure thy second birth, else thou shalt see Heaven ope to Indians wild, but shut to thee.
CHAP. VIII.
_Of Discourse and Newes._
Aunchemokauhettíttea, Let us discourse, or tell newes.
Tocketeáunchim? What newes?
Aaunchemókaw, Tell me your newes.
Cuttaunchemókous, I will tell you newes.
Mautaunchemokouêan, When I have done telling the newes.
Cummautaunchemókous, I have done my newes.
Obs: Their desire of, and delight in newes, is great, as the _Athenians_, and all Men, more or lesse; a stranger that can relate newes in their owne language, they will stile him _Manittóo_, a God.
Wutauichéocouôog, I will tell it them.
Awaun mesh aunchemókau, Who brought this newes?
Awaun mesh kuppíttouwaw, Of whom did you heare it?
Upparáunchim, Your newes is true.
Cowavwunnâunchim, He tells false newes.
Nummautanùme, I have spoken enough.
Nsouwussanneme, I am weary with speaking.
Obs: Their Manner is upon any tidings to sit round, double or treble or more, as their numbers be; I have seene neere a thousand in a round, where _English_ could not well neere halfe so many have sitten: Every Man hath his pipe of their _Tobacco_, and a deepe silence they make, and attention given to him that speaketh; and many of them will deliver themselves, either in a relation of news, or in a consultation, with very emphaticall speech and great action, commonly an houre, and sometimes two houres together.
Npenowauntawâumen, I cannot speake your language.
Matta nippánnawen, I lie not.
Cuppánnowem, You lie.
Mattanickoggachoúsk, Matntianta compaw, I am no lying fellow. Matntiantásampáwwa,
Achienonâumwem, I speake very true.
Kukkita, Hearken to me.
Kukkakittoùs, I heare you.
Obs: They are impatient (as all Men and God himselfe is) when their speech is not attended and listened to.
Cuppítous, I understand you. Cowautous,
Machagenowâutam, I understand not.
Matnowawtawatémina, Wee understand not each other.
Wunnáumwash, Speake the truth.
Coanâumwen, You speake true.
Obs: This word and the next, are words of great flattery which they use each to other, but constantly to their Princes at their speeches, for which, if they be eloquent, they esteeme them Gods as _Herod_ among the _Jewes_.
Wunnâumwaw ewò, He speaks true.
Cuppannawâutous, I doe not believe you.
Cuppannawâuti? Doe you not believe?
Nippannawâutunck ewò, He doth not believe me.
Michéme nippauna wâut am, I shall never believe it.
Obs: As one answered me when I had discoursed about many points of God, of the creation of the Soule, of the danger of it, and the saving it, he assented; but when I spake of the rising againe of the body, he cryed out, I shall never believe this.
Pannóuwa awaun, awaun Somebody hath made this lie. keesitteouwin,
Tattâ Pitch, I cannot tell, it may so come to passe.
Nni, eíu, It is true.
Mat enâno, or mat eâno, It is not true.
Kekutto kâunta, Let us speake together.
Kuttókash, Speake.
Tawhitch mat cuttôan, Why speake you not?
Téaqua ntúnnawen, or, What should I speake. ntéawem?
Wetapímmin, To sit downe.
Wetapwâuwwas, Sit and talke with us.
Taúpowaw, A wise speaker.
Enapwáuwwaw, He speakes Indian. Eississûmo,
Mattanowawwâuon, matta I know nothing of it. nowáhea,
Pitchnowáuwon, I shall know the truth.
Wunnaumwâuonck, Wunnaumwáyean, If he say true.
Obs: Canounicus, the old high Sachim of the Nariganset Bay (a wise and peaceable Prince) once in a solemne oration to myself, in a solemne assembly, using this word, said, I have never suffered any wrong to be offered to the English since they landed: nor never will: he often repeated this word, Wunnaunewayeán, Englishman; if the Englishman speake true, if hee meane truly, then shall I goe to my grave in peace, and hope that the English and my posteritie shall live in love and peace together. I replied, that he had no cause (as I hoped) to question Englishmen’s Wunnaumwaúonck, that is, faithfulnesse, he having had long experience of their friendlinesse and trustinesse. He tooke a stick and broke it into ten pieces, and related ten instances (laying downe a stick to every instance) which gave him cause thus to feare and say; I satisfied him in some presently, and presented the rest to the Governours of the English, who, I hope, will be far from giving just cause to have Barbarians to question their Wunnaumwâuonck, or faithfulnesse.
Tocketannántum, } Pocketunáname, } What doe you thinke? Pocketeántam? }
Ntunnántum, I thinke. Neántum,
Nanick nteeâtum, I thinke so too.
Nteatammowonck, That is my thought, or opinion.
Matntunnantámmen, I thinke not so. Matnteeantámmen,
Nowecóntam, I am glad. Noweeteántam,
Coanáumatous, I believe you.
Obs: This word they use just as the Greeke tongue doth that verbe, πιςέυειν: for believing or obeying, as it is often used in the new Testament, and they say Coannáumatous, I will obey you.
Yo aphéttit, When they are here.
Yo peyáhettit. When they are com. This Ablative case absolute they much use, and comprise much in little; Awaunagress, suck. English-man, men. This they call us, as much as to say, These strangers. Waútacone-nûaog Englishman, men. That is, coat-men, or clothed.
Cháuquaqock, English-men, properly sword-men.
Wautacónisk, An English woman.
Wautaconémese, An English youth.
Wáske peyáeyan, When you came first.
Wáske peyáhetit, When Englishmen came first. Wautaconâuog,
Táwhitch peyáhettit, Why come they hither?
Obs: This question they oft put to me: Why come the _Englishmen_ hither? and measuring others by themselves; they say, it is because you want firing; for they, having burnt up the _wood_ in one place, (wanting draughts to bring _wood_ to them) they are faine to follow the _wood_; and so, to remove to a fresh new place for the _woods_ sake.
Matta mihtuckqunnunno? Have you no trees?
Mishàunetash, Máunetash, Great store. Maunâuog
Wussaumemaunâuog, They are too full of people.
Noonapúock, They have not roome one by another.
Aumáumuwaw, A messenger comes. Páuosha,
Wawwhawtowâuog, They hollow.
Wauwhaûtowawánawat, ’Tis an alarme.
Obs: If it be in time of _warre_, he that is a _Messenger_ runs swiftly, and at every towne the _Messenger_ comes, a fresh _Messenger_ is sent: he that is the last, comming within a mile or two of the Court, or chiefe house, he hollowes often, and they that heare, answer him: untill by mutuall _hollowing_ and answering hee is brought to the place of _audience_, whereby this meanes is gathered a great confluence of people to entertaine the _newes_.
Wussuckwhèke, A letter, which they so Wussúckwhonck, call from Wussuck-whómmen, To paint; for, having no letters, their painting comes the neerest.
Wussúckquash, Write a Letter.
Wussúckwheke, yimmi, Make me a letter.
Obs: That, they have often desired of me upon many occasions; for their good and peace, and the _English_ also, as it hath pleased God to vouchsafe opportunitie.
Quenowâuog, They complaine.
Tawhitch quenawáyean? Why complaine you?
Muccò, It is true you say.
Tuckawntéawem? What should I say to it.
_The generall Observation from their Discourse and Newes._
The whole race of _Mankind_ is generally infected with an _itching desire_ of hearing _Newes_.
More particular:
1. Mans restlesse soule hath restlesse eyes and eares, Wanders in change of sorrows, cares and feares. Faine would it (Bee like) suck by the ears, by the eye Something that might his hunger satisfie: The Gospel, or glad tidings onely can Make glad the English and the Indian.
CHAP. IX.
_Of the time of the day._
Obs: They are punctuall in measuring their Day by the Sunne, and their Night by the Moon and the Starres, and their lying much abroad in the ayre; and so living in the open fields, occasioneth even the youngest amongst them to be very observant of those _heavenly_ lights.
Mautàbon, Chicháuquat wompan, It is day.
Ampatâuban, It is broad day.
Touwuttúttan? How high is the Sunne? that is, What is’t a clocke?
Páshisha, It is Sunne-rise.
Nummáttaqúaw, Fore-noone.
Yahen Paushaqúaw, Allmost noone.
Páweshaquaw, Noone.
Quttùkquaquaw, After dinner. Panicómpaw,
Nawwâuwqaw, After-noone.
Yo wuttúttan, The Sunne thus high.
Yahen wàiyàuw, Allmost Sun-set.
Wayaàwi, The Sun is set.
Wunnáuquit, Evening.
Póppakunnetch, auchaugotch, Darke night.
Túppaco, and Otematíppocat, Toward night.
Nanashowatíppocat, Midnight.
Chouóeatch, About Cockcrowing.
Kitompanisha, Breake of day.
Yó Tàunt nipéean, The Sun thus high, I will come.
Obs: They are punctuall in their promises of Keeping time; and sometimes have charged mee with a lye for not punctually keeping time, though hindred.
Yo tàunt cuppeeyâumen, Come by the Sunne thus high.
Anamakéesuck, This day.
Saûop, To morrow.
Wussâume tátsha, It is too late.
Tiaquockaskéesakat, A short day.
Quawquonikéesakat, A long day.
Quawquonikeesaqútcheas, Long dayes.
Nquittakeesiquóckat, } One dayes walke. Nquíttakeespúmmishen, }
Paukúnnum, Darke.
Wequâi, Light.
Wequáshim, Moon-light.
_The general Observation from their time of the Day._
The Sunne and Moone, in the observation of all the Sonnes of Men, even the wildest, are the great Directors of the day and night; as it pleased God to appoint in the first Creation.
More particular.
1. The Indians find the Sun so sweet, He is a God they say; Giving them light, and heat, and fruit, And guidance all the day.
2. They have no helpe of Clock or Watch, And Sunne they overprize. Having those artificiall helps, the Sun We unthankfully despise.
3. God is a sunne and shield, A thousand times more bright Indians, or English, though they see Yet how few prize his light.
CHAP. X.
_Of the Season of the Yeere._
Nquittaqúnnegat, One day.
Neesqúnnagat, 2 dayes.
Shuckqunóckat, 3 dayes.
Yowunnóckat &c. 4 dayes.
Piuckaqúnnagat, 10 dayes.
Piuckaqunnagat nabnaquìt, 11 dayes.
Piuckaqunnagat nabneeze &c. 12 dayes.
Neesneechektashuck qunnóckat, 20 dayes.
Neesneechektashuck qunnockat-nabnaquít &c. 21 dayes.
Séquan, The Spring.
Aukeeteámitch, Spring, or seed-time.
Néepun, & Quaqúsquan, Summer.
Taquònck, Fall of leafe and Autumne.
Papóne, Winter.
Saséquacup, This Spring last.
Yo neepúnnacup, This Summer last.
Yò taquónticup, This Harvest last.
Papapôcup, Winter last.
Yaûnedg, The last yeere.
Nippaûus, The Sunne.
Munnánnock, Nanepaûshat, The Moone.
Nquitpawsuckenpaûus, 1 Moneth.
Neespausuck npaûus, 2 Moneths.
Shwe pausuck npaûus &c. 3 Moneths.
Neesneáhettit, 2 Moneths.
Shwinneáhettit, 3 Moneths.
Yowinneáhettit, &c. 4 Moneths.
Obs: They have thirteen Moneths according to the severall Moones; and they give to each of them significant names: as,
Sequanakéeswush, Spring moneth.
Neepunnakéeswush, Summer moneth.
Taquontikéeswush, Harvest moneth, &c.
Paponakéeswush, &c. Winter moneth, &c.
Nquittecautúmmo, 1 Yeere.
Tashecautúmmo? How many Yeeres?
Chashecautúmmo cuttáppemus? How many yeeres since you were borne?
Neesecautúmmo, 2 Yeere.
Shwecautúmmo, 3 Yeere.
Yowecautúmmo, 4 Yeere.
Piukquecautúmmo, 10 Yeere.
Piuck quecautúmmo, nabnaquìt, &c. 11 Yeere, &c.
Obs: If the yeere proove drie, they have great and solemne meetings from all parts at one high place, to supplicate their Gods, and to beg raine, and they will continue in this worship ten dayes, a fortnight, yea, three weekes, untill raine come.
Tashínash papónash? How many winters?
Aháuqushapapòne, A sharpe winter.
Kéesqush keesuckquâi, By day.
Náukocks nokan-náwi, By night.
_Generall Observation from their Seasons of the Yeere._
The Sunne, and Moone, and Starres and Seasons of the yeere doe preach a God to all the sonnes of men, that they which know no letters, doe yet read an _eternall Power_ and _Godhead_ in these.
More speciall:
1. The Sun and Moone and Stars doe preach, The Dayes and Nights sound out Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter eke, Each Moneth and Yeere about.
2. So that the wildest sonnes of men Without excuse shall say, God’s righteous sentence past on us, (In dreadfull judgement day.) If so, what doome is theirs that see, Not onely Nature’s light, But Sun of Righteousnesse, yet chose To live in darkest Night?
CHAP. XI.
_Of Travell._
Máyi, A way.
Mayúo? Is there a way?
Mat mayanúnno, There is no way.
Peemáyagât, A little way.
Mishimmáyagat, A great path.
Machípscat, A stone path.
Obs: It is admirable to see, what paths their naked hardned feet have made in the wildernesse in most stony and rockie places.
Nnatotemúckaun, I will aske the way.
Kunnatótemous, I will inquire of you.
Kunnatotemì? Doe you aske me?
Tou nishin méyi? Where lies the way?
Kokotemíinnea méyi, Shew me the way.
Yo áinshick méyi, There the way lies.
Kukkakótemous, I will shew you.
Yo cummittamáyon, There is the way you must goe.
Yo chippachâusin, There the way divides.
Maúchatea, A guide.
Maûchase, Be my guide.
Obs: The wildernesse being so vast, it is a mercy, that for a hire a Man shall never want guides, who will carry provisions, and such as hire them over the Rivers and Brookes, and find out oftentimes hunting houses, or other lodgings at night.
Anóce wénawash, Hire him.
Kuttánnoonsh, I will hire you.
Kuttaúnckquittaunch, I will pay you.
Kummuchickónckquatous, I will pay you well.
Tocketaonckquittíinnea, What wil you give me?
Cummáuchanish, I will conduct you.
Yò aûnta, Let us goe that way.
Yò cuttâunan, Goe that way.
Yo mtúnnock, The right hand.
Yo nmúnnatch, The left hand.
Cowéchaush, I will goe with you.
Wétash, Goe along.
Cowéchaw ewò, He will goe with you.
Cowechauatimmin, I will goe with you.
Wechauatíttea, Let us accompany.