Part 83

Clive, in India, 1019, 1026; defeats Dupleix, 1117; Governor of Madras, 1118; regains Calcutta, 1118; his forgery, 1119; disputes in the Council, 1121; expels Meer Cossim, 1122; dies, 1124

Club, in Scotland, origin of, 819; joins the Jacobites, 830

Clugny, French Minister, 1152

Cobbett, influence of his writings, 1352; his speeches, 1421

Cobham, deprived of his army commission, 975; joins the Prince of Wales, 978

Coburg, in Flanders, 1171

Cockburn, in America, 1327

Codrington, at Navarino, 1399, 1400

Cohorn, engineer, 838; at the siege of Namur, 847

Collingwood, at Trafalgar, 1265; at the Dardanelles, 1281

Collot d'Herbois, his cruelty, 1169

Commerce, injured by French privateers, 838; loss of the Smyrna fleet, 841; the East India trade, 860-862; the Darien scheme, 865-867; commercial advantages at the Peace of Utrecht, 919, 921; regulation of the Scotch trade, 927; the South Sea scheme, 949-953; commercial treaty with Spain, 958, 1011; the Ostend Company, 959, 961, 962, 971; prevalence of smuggling, 974, 981; rapid increase of, 1013, 1014; restrictions on colonial trade, 1046, 1047, 1051, 1052, 1069, 1070; Pitt's Irish Commercial Bill, 1136; suspension of cash payments, 1193; Continental System, 1277-1279; depression of commerce, 1332, 1350, 1351; Huskisson's improvements, 1379-1381; commercial distress, 1383-1386; the West India trade, 1443

Compton, Sir Spencer, made President of the Council, 966; made Lord Wilmington, 966; supports Walpole, 983; Premier, 987; dies, 988

Conflans, at Brest, 1028; at Quiberon, 1029

Conway, Secretary of State, 1050; his speech, 1051; deprived of army commission, 1052; remains in office, 1053; in Parliament, 1104; in the ministry, 1105

Cook, director of the East India Company, 845; his accounts, 861

Coote, defeats Lally, 1120; in Mahratta war, 1127; at Madras, 1128

Cope, marches against Charles Edward, 1001; at Prestonpans, 1002

Cormatin, Chouan leader, 1174

Cornwallis, in Carolina, 1096, 1098, 1100; retreats, 1101; takes Yorktown, 1101; besieged, 1102; surrenders, 1103; Viceroy of Ireland, 1215-1217; in India, 1219; at Amiens, 1234; Governor-General of India, 1466

Cornwallis, Admiral, at Brest, 1262

Coronation Oath, 811

Cowper, made Lord Chancellor, 910, 931

Cradock, in Portugal, 1298

Craggs, Secretary at War, 942; death of, 954

Crillon, takes Minorca, 1099; attacks Gibraltar, 1109

Cuesta, at Rio Seco, 1288; his character, 1303; at Talavera, 1304

Cumberland, William, Duke of, at Dettingen, 993; at Fontenoy, 998; collects an army, 1003; Charles Edward escapes from, 1004; he overtakes him, 1005; character, 1006; at Culloden, 1007; his cruelty, 1008; at Laufeldt, 1010; Fox a protégé of, 1018; defeated, 1026; negotiates with Pitt, 1049, 1050; forms a Whig ministry, 1050

Cumberland (son of William), his character, 1064

Cumberland. [See Ernest.]

Curran, Solicitor-General, 1208; opposes the Union, 1217

Currency re-established, 848-850

D'Aiguillon, succeeds Choiseul, 1062

Dalrymple, sent to Scotland, 817; made Viscount Stair, 834

Dalrymple. [See Stair.]

Dalrymple, in Portugal, 1290; supersedes Burrard, 1293

Danby, President of the Council, 809; Lord Caermarthen, 811; Parliamentary attack on, 821; Premier, 824; chief adviser to Mary, 826; discovers Preston's plot, 831; Lord President, 843; Duke of Leeds, accused of venality, 845; retires, 846

Danton, his party, 1185

Darien scheme, 865-867; ill-feeling excited by, 925, 933; the Company dissolved, 927

Darmstadt, takes Gibraltar, 887; his quarrel with Peterborough, 889

Dartmouth, his conspiracy, 825

Dartmouth, Colonial Secretary, 1068, 1072

Dashwood, Treasurer of the Chamber, 1037; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1041

Davoust, in Prussia, 1276

De Broglie, at Minden, 1031, 1032; at Langen-Saltza, 1037

D'Enghien, murdered, 1251

D'Erlon, in Belgium, 1341; at Waterloo, 1344

D'Estaing, French admiral, 1088

D'Estrées, French admiral, 836

D'Estrées, Marshal, at Hastenbach, 1026

De Grasse, Admiral, 1099; fights with Graves, 1101, 1102; at Jamaica, 1109

D'Hervilly, at Quiberon, 1176, 1177

De la Clue, at Lagos, 1028

De la Croix, French minister, 1189

De Puisaye, Chouan leader, 1174; in England, 1175; at Quiberon, 1176; escapes, 1177

De Suffren, Admiral, 1099, 1104; in India, 1128

Derby. [See Stanley.]

Derwentwater, at Preston, 936; executed, 938

Desaix, at Marengo, 1226

Devonshire, Lord Steward, 877

Devonshire, First Lord of the Treasury, 1021; deprived of his office of Chamberlain, 1041; friend of Pitt, 1042

Digby, Admiral, 1095

Doddington, leader of the Opposition, 1012

Donzelot, at Waterloo, 1344

Drouet, in Estremadura, 1313, 1314

Drummond, James, joins Charles Edward, 1001

Drummond, John, joins Charles Edward, 1005; at Falkirk, 1006

Dubarry, her influence, 1062; character, 1065

Dubois, his negotiations, 940

Duckworth, at the Dardanelles, 1281

Dudley, Foreign Secretary, 1392; supports Wellington, 1395; signs Treaty of London, 1398; resigns, 1402

Dumouriez, his victories, 1159; treats with Auckland, 1166; meditates treason, 1168

Duncan, watches the Dutch, 1194; mutiny in his fleet, 1196; at Camperdown, 1198

Duncannon. [See Ponsonby.]

Dundas, proposes Catholic relief, 1087; his India Bill, 1129; supports Pitt, 1132, 1135; defends Hastings, 1139; resigns, 1230; negotiates for Pitt's return, 1240; made Lord Melville, 1246; his energy, 1249; attack on his naval administration, 1258; resigns, 1259; acquitted, 1260; resigns, 1392

Dundee. [See Claverhouse.]

Dunning, Solicitor-General, 1058; presents American petition, 1068; his motion, 1092; Lord Ashburton, in the ministry, 1105

Dupleix, in India, 1019; in Pondicherry 1115; his schemes, 1116, 1117; dies, 1118

Durham, his reform measure, 1368; Privy Seal, 1423; resigns, 1439; his dispute with Brougham, 1455

Edward, Duke of Kent, his marriage, 1358

Egremont, Secretary of State, 1039; dies, 1042

Eldon, prosecutes Hardy, 1181; Lord Chancellor, 1230; negotiates for Pitt's return, 1245; remains in office, 1246; opposes the Slave Trade Bill, 1272; opposes the Catholic Bill, 1273; his influence, 1274; high Tory, 1387; Palmerston's opinion of, 1388; resigns, 1392; quoted, 1401; interview with George IV., 1408

Elector of Bavaria. [See Charles Albert and Maximilian.]

Elector of Hanover. [See George I.]

Elizabeth of Russia, alliance with Austria, 1023; dies, 1040

Ellenborough, in the Cabinet, 1267; opposes the Catholic claims, 1273; judges Hone, 1356

Elliot, at Gibraltar, 1109

Emmett, his rebellion, 1242; hanged, 1243

Ernest, his marriage, 1358

Erskine, desires reform, 1162; defends Hardy, 1181

Eugene, in Italy, 879; his friendship with Marlborough, 882; joins Marlborough, 884; sent to Italy, 888; at Turin, 893; at Toulon, 895; at the Hague, 897; at Oudenarde, 897; besieges Lille, 901; at Malplaquet, 903, 904; at the Diet of Frankfort, 918; deserted by the English, 921; commanding German army, 976

Exmouth, at Algiers, 1347

Family Compact, the, 981; suspected by Pitt, 1038; signed, 1039

Fenwick, his conspiracy, 847; his trial, 855; executed, 856

Ferdinand IV., of Naples, insurrection against, 1372; at Laibach, 1373

Ferdinand VII., of Spain, 1286; abdicates, 1287; restored, rebellion against, 1371; changes the law of succession, 1463; dies, 1464

Ferdinand, of Brunswick, 1026; at Creveld, 1027; at Minden, 1031, 1032; his successes, 1037; his manifesto, 1158; at Jena, 1276; in Saxony, 1301

Fitzgerald, in France, 1209, 1211; killed, 1214

Fitzgerald, his cruelty, 1218

Fitzgibbon, Irish leader, 1200; his vigour, 1206, 1207; his policy, 1208; opposes Catholic claims, 1209; Lord Clare, advises amnesty, 1215; urges the Union, 1217

Fitzwilliam, Lord President, 1181; Viceroy of Ireland, 1208; recalled, 1209; President of the Council, 1267

Fleury, his pacific views, 961, 970; his policy, 975; dupes Walpole, 981; promises mediation, 982; intrigues with the Jacobites, 983

Flood, his Reform Bill, 1136, 1155

Forbes, President of Scotland, 1000

Forbes, takes Fort Duquesne, 1027

Forster, at Preston, 936

Fox, Henry, Secretary at War, 1018; Secretary of State, 1020; resigns, 1021; Paymaster-General, 1022; purchases a majority in the House, 1041; belongs to the Bedford party, 1042; Lord Holland, dismissed, 1049

Fox, Charles James (son of the above), champion of the Americans, 1082; at Westminster, 1092; assaults the Government, 1103, 1104; Secretary of State, 1105; yields to Grattan, 1106; supports Pitt, 1107; negotiates peace, 1108; in Opposition, 1111; Secretary of State, 1112; his India Bill, 1129; opposes Pitt, 1133; his election, 1134; opposes Pitt's Irish Bill, 1137; accuses Hastings, 1140; friend of George IV., 1141; his opinion of the French Revolution, 1154, 1161; his breach with Burke, 1156; his Libel Bill, 1157; opposes Pitt, 1164, 1183; alliance with Grenville, 1243; George's prejudice against, 1246; doubts the French invasion, 1247; Foreign Minister, 1266; character, 1267; negotiations with Napoleon, 1268-1270; dies, 1270; proposes the abolition of the slave trade, 1271

Fox, Lord Holland, nephew of Charles, opposes the Government, 1374; in the Cabinet, 1423

Francis I., marries Maria Theresa, 976; supported by Frederick II., 989; elected Emperor, 996; acknowledged at Aix-la-Chapelle, 1011

Francis, author of Junius' Letters, 1057, 1058; in India Council, 1124; opposes Hastings, 1125, 1139

Franklin, in England, 1052; agent for Massachusetts, 1068; insulted, 1069; with Chatham, 1072; in France, 1083; his medal, 1103; in Paris, 1108

Frederick William, becomes King, 941; desires Juliers, 962

Frederick II., his ambition, 989; alliance with France, 990; deserts France, 991; takes Prague, 996; deserted by his allies, 997; quarrels with George II., 1020; begins the Seven Years' War, 1023; his campaign of 1758, 1026; campaign of 1759, 1028; fourth campaign, 1032, 1033; his success, 1041; his character, 1054; partitions Poland, 1066; alliance with Russia, 1096, 1148

Frederick William II., attacks France in Holland, 1147; alliance with England, 1149; leaves the coalition, 1173; dies, 1221

Frederick William III., declares war with Napoleon, 1276; visits England, 1335

Frederick, Prince of Wales, leader of the Opposition, 978, 1012; his quarrel with his father, 978, 979, 980

Frederick, Duke of York, in Holland, 1169; recalled, 1172; captures the Dutch fleet, 1223; withdraws, 1224; appreciates the Peninsula War, 1294; deprived of his office, 1299; opposes Catholic relief, 1391; dies, 1392

Frere, urges Moore's advance, 1295; his false information, 1322; recalled, 1323

Gage, Governor, 1071; defeated, 1072; at Bunker's Hill, 1073; his delays, 1074, 1075

Galway, succeeds Schomberg, 887; in Spain, 889; occupies Madrid, 890; Commander-in-chief, 895

Gates, Burgoyne surrenders to, 1082; Washington's rival, 1087; in Carolina, 1097, 1098

Gaultier, his negotiations, 917, 918

Gay, writes against Walpole, 978

George I., in command of the Imperial troops, 896; summoned to England, 923, 924; his character, 930, 931; goes to Hanover, 940; his German policy, 941; his dislike to Townshend, 942; at the opening of Parliament, 955; friendship for Carteret, 957; dies, 963; character, 964

George II., comes to England, 930; made Guardian of the Realm, 940; his dislike to Sunderland, 948; his character, 966; trusts Walpole, 967; Wyndham's description of, 977; his parsimony, 978; his quarrel with his son, 979, 980; desires war, 981; his love for Hanover, 988; at Dettingen, 993; his negotiations at Hanover, 994; dislikes Chesterfield and Pitt, 997, 1018, 1022; his friendship for Carteret, 988, 1009, 1010; his grief at Pelham's death, 1018; goes to Hanover, 1020; dies, 1033

George III., his education, 1035; his views of royalty, 1036, 1060; his popularity, 1036; his interview with Pitt, 1042; his illness, 1048; the Regency Bill, 1049; dislike to his ministers, 1050, 1052; his views on his ministry, 1053; determination to conquer the Americans, 1055; appoints Lord North Premier, 1059; triumph of his policy, 1060; his domestic life, 1064, 1140; selfish policy, 1065; prejudice against America, 1070, 1077, 1085; his frugality, 1082; prejudice against Catholic emancipation, 1087; his command over North, 1089; his power over Parliament, 1091; his courage, 1093, 1094, 1183; his determination, 1104; friendship for Thurlow, 1105; his dislike of the Whigs, 1112; opposition to Fox's India Bill, 1131, 1132; his illness, 1142, 1143; chooses a wife for George IV., 1182; assaulted, 1183; interferes in the army, 1191; loyalty of the fleet towards, 1196; refuses Irish Catholic emancipation, 1209; return of his illness, 1230; interview with Pitt, 1245; his prejudice against Fox, 1246, 1266; rejects the Catholic claims, 1273-1275; final illness, 1323; respected, 1357; dies, 1363

George IV., as Prince of Wales, his depravity, 1140, 1141, 1357; proposed as Regent, 1143; his marriage, 1182; Regent, 1334; his speech, 1349; assaulted, 1354; his ill health, 1358; approves of the Manchester massacre, 1363; his conduct to his wife, 1365, 1367; opposes the Catholic claims, 1392, 1395, 1407, 1409; receives Donna Maria, 1411; dies, 1416

George of Denmark, unfit for a general, 878; attack on his naval administration, 912; dies, 913

Georges, Chouan leader, 1240; his conspiracy, 1251

Germaine, desires to retire, 1084; retires, 1104

Gibraltar, taken, 887; importance of, 970

Ginkel, at Ipswich, 808; in Ireland, 828, 829; receives a grant, 868

Glencoe, massacre of, 834-836

Gloucester (brother of George III.), his marriage, 1064

Gneisenau, in Belgium, 1341; at Waterloo, 1346

Goderich. [See Robinson.]

Godolphin, on Treasury Commission, 810; Jacobite tendencies, 832; industry, 843; accused of treason, 855; resigns, 856; First Lord of the Treasury, 870; dismissed, 874; Lord Treasurer, 876; intrusted with Marlborough's plans, 882; influence over Anne, 909; son-in-law to Marlborough, 910; timidity, 911, 912; submits to an affront, 914; dismissed, 915

Godoy, Spanish minister, 1173; rules Spain, 1252; intrigues with Napoleon, 1286

Gordon, his character, 1087; provokes riots, 1092, 1093; dies, 1094

Görtz, minister of Charles XII., 943

Goulbourn, Irish Secretary, 1389; Home Secretary, 1456

Gower, in the Privy Council, 877; on the Jacobite Committee, 954; collects followers, 955; Privy Seal, 997

Gower, President of the Council, 1132

Grafton, visits Wilkes, 1043; Secretary of State, 1050; First Lord of the Treasury, 1053; subservient to the King, 1055; his conciliatory measures, 1057; resigns, 1058; returns, 1063; in Rockingham's ministry, 1105

Graham, at Cadiz, 1308; at Vittoria, 1319

Graham, in the Cabinet, 1423; resigns, 1447; refuses to join Peel, 1456

Grammont, at Dettingen, 993

Granby, at Minden, 1032; attacks the ministry, 1058; dies, 1061

Grant, resigns, 1402, 1403; President of Board of Control, 1423

Granville. [See Carteret.]

Grattan, Irish leader, 1090, 1105, 1106; his policy, 1199, 1200, 1201; interview with Pitt, 1208; urges Catholic claims, 1209; secedes, 1213; opposes the Union, 1217; speech against the Union, 1218; speech on Catholic emancipation, 1360

Grenville, George, leader of the Commons, 1041; First Lord of the Treasury, 1042; proceeds against Wilkes, 1043; his mistakes, 1045, 1047; his trick with regard to the Regency Bill, 1049; his alliance with Temple, 1049; his speech in answer to Pitt, 1051; reconciliation with Pitt, 1058; reforms election petitions, dies, 1060

Grenville, James (brother of George), resigns, 1058

Grenville, Thomas (second son of George), in Paris, 1108; joins Pitt, 1163

Grenville, William (third son of George), supports Pitt, 1132; rebukes Chauvelin, 1163; his instructions to Malmesbury, 1189; letter to Napoleon, 1225; his political economy, 1229; retires, 1230; disapproves of the peace, 1235; excluded from office, 1240; his alliance with Fox, 1243, 1246, 1247; ridicules the volunteers, 1248; First Lord of the Treasury, 1267; his Catholic policy, 1272; resigns, 1274; incapacity for war, 1280; attempts to form a ministry, 1325; declines office, 1369

Grey, his liberality, 1161; his motion for reform, 1162; his petition, 1163; First Lord of the Admiralty, 1267; quoted, 1268; introduces Slave Trade Bill, 1272; supports Catholic claims, 1273; quarrels with George IV., 1324; attempts to form a ministry, 1325; opposes Government, 1374; Premier, 1423; refuses repressive measures, 1424; resigns, returns, 1430; his Church policy, 1435; his Coercion Bill, 1438; his speech, 1447; his difficulties, 1448; resigns, 1449

Grouchy, at Bantry Bay, 1212; pursues Blücher, 1341; expected at Waterloo, 1344

Gustavus III., his character, 1064; attacks Russia 1148

Habeas Corpus Act suspended, 808, 854, 935, 1181, 1211, 1354, 1355, 1390, 1439

Hales, Sir Edward, impeached, 823

Halifax. [See Montague.]

Halifax, at the coronation of William, 806; Privy Seal, 809; parliamentary attack on, 821, 823; withdraws, 824; member of the Junto, 842

Halifax, Secretary of State, 1042; deceives the King, 1049

Hamilton, Gustavus, at Enniskillen, 813

Hamilton, Richard, his treason, 813; at Londonderry, 814, 815; taken prisoner, 827

Hamilton, Duke of, in Scotland, 818

Hanoverian courtiers, 940; dislike Townshend, 942; opposition to Stanhope, 946; receive bribes from the South Sea Company, 952; bad influence of, 964

Harcourt, French diplomatist, 869

Harcourt, retires, 913; Lord Chancellor, 915; Jacobite tendencies, 922; his skill in wording the Union, 928

Harcourt, in Cuttack, 1255; successful, 1257

Hardinge, at Albuera, 1311; insulted by O'Connell, 1421; Irish Secretary, 1456

Hardwicke, supports Walpole, 983; remains in office, 987, 988; his Marriage Act, 1015

Hardwicke, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 1241

Hardy, Admiral, 1089

Hardy, his trial, 1180, 1181

Harley, tries to establish the Land Bank, 851; joins the ministry, 881; Secretary of State, 909; intrigues against Marlborough, 911; dismissed, 913; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 915; his policy, 916; stabbed, Earl of Oxford, Lord Treasurer, 918; his Jacobite tendencies, 922; indecision, 923; dismissed, 924; impeachment against him dropped, 932; his trial, 947; his financial scheme, 949; joins James, 955

Harrington. [See Stanhope.]

Harris, at Seringapatam, 1224

Harris. [See Malmesbury.]

Harrison, his speech at Stockport, arrested, 1362; his trial, 1366

Harrowby, Foreign Secretary, 1246; his views, 1250; resigns, 1252; refuses the Premiership, 1395

Harvey, character, 969; supports Walpole, 983

Hastings, Warren, Governor-General, 1123; accused in the Council, 1125; war with the Mahrattas, 1126, 1127; robs Cheyte Singh, 1128; reprimanded, 1129; his trial, 1139-1141

Hastings. [See Rawdon.]

Hawke, contradictory orders to, 1019; at Rochefort, 1025; at Brest, 1028; at Quiberon, 1029

Hawkesbury, Foreign Secretary, 1238; Home Secretary, 1246; remonstrates with Napoleon, 1251; refuses the Premiership, 1266; Home Secretary, 1274

Hawley, supersedes Wade, 1005; at Falkirk, 1006; his cruelty, 1008

Hébert, his party, 1185

Hedges, Secretary of State, 870; dismissed, 874; Secretary of State, 877

Heinsius, friendship with Marlborough, 882; rejects proposals for peace, 894; refuses to make a separate peace, 902

Henry, brother of Frederick II., 1041

Herbert, his maladministration, 822; at Beachy Head, 826

Herries, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1394; resigns, 1395; Secretary at War, 1456

Hill, in Estremadura, 1313; moves north, 1315; threatened by Soult, 1318

Hillsborough, Colonial Secretary, 1056; his folly, 1058; effect of his policy, 1061

Hobhouse, Irish Secretary, 1439; resigns, 1440; in the Cabinet, 1450

Hoche, defeats the Prussians, 1169; in La Vendée, 1175; at Quiberon, 1176; in Belgium, 1194; plans the Irish invasion, 1189, 1209; his expedition, 1191, 1211, 1212

Hofer, his insurrection, 1301

Holderness, removed, 1037

Holkar, his power, 1126; defeated, 1127; extent of his territory, 1254; war with Wellesley, 1255; defeated, 1257; war with Hastings, 1469

Holland. [See Fox.]

Hone, his trial, 1355, 1356

Hood, succeeds Rodney, 1099; candidate for Westminster, 1134; at Toulon, 1169; takes Bastia, 1172

Horner, his financial views, 1359

Houchard, in Holland, 1168

Howe, Admiral, destroys Cherbourg, 1027; goes to America, 1076; at Gibraltar, 1110; First Lord of the Admiralty, 1132; defeats the French, 1173; his popularity, 1195

Howe, General, reinforces Gage, 1073; succeeds Gage, 1075; retreats, 1076; his delays, 1079; takes Philadelphia, 1080; superseded, 1088; in Parliament, 1089

Howick. [See Grey.]

Hozier, at Porto Bello, 984

Hughes, his battles with De Suffren, 1128

Humbert, at Quiberon, 1177; in Ireland, 1216

Hume, leader of the Radicals, 1434

Hunt, at Spa Fields, 1352; candidate for Parliament, 1359; at the Manchester massacre, 1362; his trial, 1366; his speeches, 1421