Part 82

[Footnote 20: Lord Stanhope gives in his Life of Pitt the following list of the broad administration as planned by Mr. Pitt:--Treasury, Mr. Pitt; Secretaries of State, Lord Melville, Mr. Fox, Lord Fitzwilliam. The other offices were to have been given to Lord Spencer, Lord Grenville, the Duke of Portland, Lord Eldon, Lord Chatham, Mr. Windham, Lord Castlereagh, Lord Hampden, Lord Harrowby, Mr. Grey, and Mr. Canning.]

[Footnote 21: The representative of the Bourbon Dukes of Parma and Placentia. His father had received Tuscany, with the title of King of Etruria, in exchange for his Duchies, by the Treaty of Lunéville.]

INDEX

CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY

Abercrombie at Ticonderoga, 1027, 1029

Abercromby in Ireland, 1213; in Egypt, 1232

Aberdeen, Colonial Secretary, 1456

Acts of Parliament-- Abjuration, 874, 876; Additional Force Bill, 1248; Alien, 926, 927, 1165, 1356; American Customs, 1047; Boston Port, 1070; Calendar, 1014; Canada, 1072, 1156; Catholic Emancipation, 1408; Coercion, 1438, 1450; Conciliation, 1085; Convention, 1207; Corn Laws altered, 1386, 1402; Coronation Oath, 811; Corporation, 823; Corporation and Test repealed, 1401; Foreign Enlistment, 1360; of Grace, 825; Hovering, 1135; India, Dundas's, 1129, 1130, Fox's, 1129, Pitt's, 1135; India Company, 861, 1069, 1442; Insurrection, 1211; Irish Church, 1436; Jews Naturalization, 1015; Libel, 1157; Marriage, 1015; Massachusetts, 1070; Municipal reform, 1460; Navigation Act changed, 1379; Occasional Conformity, 906-909; Peerage, 947, 948; Pension, 972; Poor Law, 1452; Prison Inquiry, 973; Recoinage, 850; Reform, of election petitions, 1060, of Scotch burghs, 1360, the Reform Bill, 1425-1432; Regency, 1048, 1049, 1143, 1324, 1358; Resumption, 868; Riot, 932; Sale of office, 1299; Schism, 923, repealed, 947; Sedition and Treason, 1183, 1354; Septennial, 938, 939; Silk trade regulation, 1380; Six Acts, 1363; Slave trade abolished, 1271; Slavery abolished, 1445; Stamp, 1048, 1051, 1052; Succession, 871, altered, 940; Test, altered, 947, repealed, 1401; Toleration, 810, 1087, 1094; Traitorous Correspondence, 1178; Treason, trials for, 855; Triennial, 844; Union with Scotland, 928; Union with Ireland, 1219; Wool trade regulation, 1381

Adams, at Preston's trial, 1061; ambassador to France, 1083

Adams, secretary of Constitutional Society, 1180

Addington, Premier, 1230; his weakness, 1238, 1239; declares war, 1240; his difficulties, 1243; resigns, 1245; in opposition, 1247; becomes Lord Sidmouth, rejoins ministry, 1252; dislikes Melville, 1258; resigns, 1259; Lord Privy Seal, 1267; opposes Slave Trade Bill, 1272; opposes Catholic claims, 1273; President of the Council, 1325; his repressive measures, 1354, 1355; retires, 1369

Addison, Secretary of State, 942

Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, his marriage, 1358

Agriculture, introduction of turnips, 973; backward state of, 1014; improvement in, 1150; state of, 1333, 1350, 1361

Aislabie implicated in the South Sea frauds, 954

Albemarle. [See Keppel.]

Alberoni, his schemes, 943-945; his fall, 946

Albuquerque at Cadiz, 1306

Alexander I., Czar, 1233; remonstrates with Napoleon, 1250, 1260; character, 1261; alliance with England, 1281; at Tilsitt, 1283; excuses for his conduct, 1284; at Erfurth, 1294; estranged from Napoleon, 1312; determines on war, 1313; successful, 1320; mediates in American War, 1326; visits England, 1335; desires Poland, 1336, 1338; dies, 1397

Allen, takes Ticonderoga, 1072; acknowledged by Congress, 1073

Althorp, head of a Finance Committee, 1394; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1423; his Irish Church Bill, 1434, 1437; his opinion of the Coercion Bill, 1439, 1448; his Budget, 1440; desires gradual emancipation, 1444; his influence in the House, 1447, 1455; wishes to resign, 1449; becomes Lord Spencer, 1455

Amelia, Princess, dies, 1323

America, trade with, 980, 1014; Wesley in, 1016; war with the French in, 1019, 1025, 1029-1031; origin of the thirteen provinces, 1045, 1046; trade with, 1046, 1047; petitions against the Stamp Act, 1048, 1051, 1052; excitement caused by Townshend's measures, 1054, 1055, 1056; the tax on tea insisted on, 1057; increased irritation in, 1061; organizes opposition, 1068; first Congress, 1071; war with, 1072-1084, 1087, 1088, 1094-1103; conclusion of the war, 1107, 1108, 1110; suffers from the orders in Council, 1279; war with, 1325, 1328

Amherst succeeds Loudon, 1026; takes Louisburg, 1027; at Quebec, 1029; suppresses the Gordon riots, 1094

Amherst, Governor-General of India, 1471, 1472

André, his trial and death, 1097

Anglesey, quoted, 1394; resigns, 1406; restored, 1439; resigns, 1448

Anne, Duchess of Marlborough's influence over, 833; her quarrel with her sister, 834; reconciled to William, 847; acknowledged successor by Louis XIV., 858; death of her son, 870; influence of Marlborough over, 876; love for her husband, 878, 912, 913; her love for the Church, 905, 908, 911; anger against Nottingham, 909; a Tory, 909, 914; dismisses Sunderland and Godolphin, 915; dismisses the Duchess, 917; announces the peace in Parliament, 921; her failing health, 922; sensitive as to the succession, 923; Bolingbroke's influence over, 924; dies, 924

Anson, captures treasure ships, 984; rebuked by Bute, 1037

Argyle, Earl of, his power, 819; his share in the massacre of Glencoe, 835; thwarts Bolingbroke's schemes, 924; Lord Commissioner, 926; jealousy of his power, 933; given the command against Mar, 935; defeats him at Sheriffmuir, 937; puts the Pretender to flight, 937; hostile to Walpole, 983; Master of the Ordnance, 987

Arnold, his origin, 1072; takes Ticonderoga, 1073; attacks Quebec, 1075; his treachery, 1096; joins the English, 1097; his expedition against Virginia, 1099

Artois, Royalist leader, 1175; at L'Ile Dieu, 1177; joins Pichegru's conspiracy, 1251

Ashburton. [See Dunning.]

Assassination Plot, 853

Assiento, explained, 919; restored by Spain, 1011

Atterbury, his plot, 954; arrested, 955; banished, 956; dies, 969

Auchmuty at Monte Video, 1280; at Buenos Ayres, 1281

Auckland, his treaty with Dumouriez, 1166; prejudices George against Pitt, 1230; in the Cabinet, 1423; First Lord of Admiralty, 1447

Augusta, influence over George III., 1035; her favour to Bute, 1036, 1042; her name omitted from the Regency Bill, 1048, 1049

Augustus of Saxony, driven from Poland, 896

Augustus, elected King of Poland, 975

Aurungzebe, his treaty with the India Company, 1114; dies, 1115

Aylesbury, election disputes, 908, 909

Baird in Egypt, 1232; in Spain, 1294

Balcarras. [See Lindsay.]

Bank of England, established, 843, 844; advances money, 850; attempt to ruin it, 851; advances money, 852; competition with the South Sea Company, 951; affected by the march of Charles Edward, 1005; suspension of cash payments, 1193; resumption of cash payments, 1359; in danger of bankruptcy, 1384; renewal of its charter, 1441

Barclay, his plot, 850, 853, 854

Barlow, Governor-General of India, 1466

Barnard, incapacity of, 1056; promoted, 1057

Barras, succeeds Menou, 1186; in the Directory, 1197

Barré, his pension, 1107; compensated for the loss of it, 1133

Barrier Treaty, 919, 940, 959; irritation caused by, 1023

Barrington, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1037; Secretary at War, 1056

Barthélemy, negotiates treaties at Basle, 1173; in the Directory, 1197

Barwell, in the India Council, 1123; votes for Hastings, 1125

Bassano, minister in England, 1166

Bath. [See Pulteney.]

Bathurst, Colonial Secretary, 1382; Palmerston's opinion of, 1388; resigns, 1392

Battles-- Abendsberg, 1300; Aghrim, 829; Albuera, 1309; Alexandria, 1232; Algiers, 1347; Almanza, 895; Almenara, 915; Amboor, 1117; Argaum, 1256; Aspern, 1300; Assye, 1256; Austerlitz, 1266; Barosa, 1309; Basignano, 997; Baylen, 1288; Beachy Head, 826; Bergen, 1031; Bitonto, 976; Blenheim, 885, 886; Boyne, 827; Brihuega, 916; Brooklyn, 1077; Bunker's Hill, 1073; Busaco, 1307; Buxar, 1121; Camperdown, 1198; Cassano, 889, 1222; Copenhagen, 1232, 1233; Corunna, 1297; Coverpauk, 1117; Creveld, 1027; Culloden, 1007; Denain, 921; Dettingen, 992, 993; Diamond, 1209; Dresden, 1321; Echeren, 881; Eckmühl, 1300; Espinosa, 1295; Exiles, 1011; Eylau, 1280; Falkirk, 1005; Finisterre, 1263; Fleurus, 826, 1171; Fontenoy, 998, 999; Freiberg, 1041; Friedberg, 997; Friedland, 1283; Friedlingen, 879; Fuentes Onoro, 1309; Gebora, 1308; Guildford Courthouse, 1100; Hagenau, 888; Hastenbach, 1026; Hobkirk's Hill, 1100; Hochstädt, 881; Hohenlinden, 1227; Jemmappes, 1159; Jena, 1276; Kesseldorf, 997; Killiecrankie, 820; Kirch-Denkern, 1037; Kloster-Campen, 1037; Kolin, 1026; Kunersdorf, 1032; Lagos, 1028; La Hogue, 837; Landen, 841; Langen-Saltza, 1037; Laswari, 1257; Laufeldt, 1010; Leipsic, 1321; Liegnitz, 1033; Ligny, 1340; Lissa, 1026; Lowositz, 1024; Luzara, 879; Magnano, 1222; Maida, 1282; Malplaquet, 903; Marengo, 1226; Marsiglia, 841; Martinique, 1109; Minden, 1031; Molwitz, 989; Narva, 895; Navarino, 1399; Newton-Butler, 816; Nile, 1221; Nivelle, 1320; Novi, 1222; Ocana, 1305; Orthes, 1321; Oudenarde, 897-900; Plassy, 1026, 1119; Preston, 936; Prestonpans, 1002; Pultowa, 896; Pyramids, 1220; Quatre Bras, 1341; Quebec, 1031; Quiberon, 1177; Ramillies, 891, 892; Ratisbon, 1300; Raucoux 1010; Rorica, 1291; Roveredo, 1188; Sabugal, 1308; St. Vincent, 1193; Salamanca, 1316; Saragossa, 915; Savenay, 1170; Schellenberg, 884; Sheriffmuir, 937; Spires, 881; Steinkirk, 838; Stockach, 1222; Stolhofen, 895; Talavera, 1304; Torgau, 1033; Toulon, 895, 1169; Toulouse, 1321; Trafalgar, 1265; Tudela, 1295; Turin, 894; Valmy, 1159; Villa Viciosa, 916; Vimiero, 1292; Vinegar Hill, 1214; Vittoria, 1319; Wagram, 1301; Walcourt, 823; Wandewash, 1120; Warburg, 1037; Waterloo, 1341-1346; Wynendale, 901; Zörndorf, 1028; Zullichan, 1032; Zurich, 1224

Bedford, his party, 1042; Prime Minister, 1043; offends George III., 1049; protests against his conduct, 1050; his conduct to the Americans, 1057; subscribes to the loan, 1190

Benbow, Admiral, his death, 880

Bentinck, promoted, 810; Earl of Portland, 811; discovers Marlborough's treachery, 833; proved innocent of venality, 845; conference with Boufflers, 857; impeached, 871

Bentinck in Sicily, 1317, 1372

Beresford, Irish Tory leader, 1200; his influence, 1208

Beresford, command of Portuguese army, 1298; at Elvas, 1309; at Albuera, 1310

Berwick, Duke of, his plot, 850, 853; leaves England, 854; in Portugal, 881; victorious, 887; at Almanza, 895; on the Rhine, 900; commanding the French army, 976

Bexley. [See Vansittart.]

Bills. [See Acts.]

Blake, at Rio Seco, 1288; defeated, 1295; at Albuera, 1310, 1311

Blakeney, surrenders Minorca, 1021

Bligh, destroys Cherbourg, 1027

Blücher in Belgium, 1339, 1340; retreats, 1341; at Waterloo, 1345; desires vengeance, 1346

Blunt, director of the South Sea Company, 950

Bolingbroke (St. John) joins the ministry, 881; supports Occasional Conformity Bill, 907; Secretary at War, 909; leader of the moderate Tories, 911; retires, 913; Secretary of State, 915; made Lord Bolingbroke, 921; concludes peace, 921; corresponds with the Pretender, 922; his plot suspected, gains Anne's favour, 923; his schemes thwarted, 924; joins the Pretender, 932; organizes the rebellion, 933; tries to postpone it, 934; dismissed by the Pretender, his overtures rejected by Walpole, returns to France, 956; constant intrigues against Walpole, 958; bribes the Duchess of Kendal, 962; withdraws to France, 977; advises the Prince of Wales, 978, 979; effect of his teaching on George III., 1035

Bonaparte. [See Napoleon, Jerome, and Joseph.]

Bon St. André, collects a fleet, 1172; his energy, 1173

Boscawen, Admiral, 1019; at Lagos, 1028

Bottetort, Governor in America, 1061

Boufflers, in Flanders, 841; at the Sambre, 847; arrested, 848; at Ryswick, 857; in Guilders, 879; at Lille, 901; at Malplaquet, 903, 905

Bourbon, Regent, his policy, 960

Boyle, Secretary of State, 913; resigns, 915

Braddock, in America, 1019

Breadalbane, his share in the massacre of Glencoe, 834, 835

Bridgewater, subscribes to the loan, 1190

Bridport, mutiny in his fleet, 1194

Broglie, effect of his appointment, 1153

Brougham, his Bill against the slave trade, 1271; Attorney-General, 1367; opposes Government, 1374; supports Canning, 1392; announces the Reform Bill, 1422; Lord Chancellor, 1423; presents a petition against slavery, 1444; correspondence with Wellesley, 1448; proposes Melbourne as Premier, 1449; supports the new Poor Law, 1453; his dispute with Durham, 1455

Brunswick. [See Ferdinand.]

Buckner, his fleet mutinies, 1195

Burdett, in Parliament, 1359; his Catholic Relief Bill, 1390; presents Catholic petition, 1391; supports Canning, 1392; presides at National Union meeting, 1428

Burgoyne, reinforces Gage, 1073; his disasters, 1081, 1082; in Parliament, 1089

Burgundy, in Flanders, 896; at Oudenarde, 898

Burke, introduced by Rockingham, 1050; his first speech, 1051; defends the Irish claims, 1090; proposes economical reform, 1091; upholds toleration, 1094; assaults North's Government, 1103; eager for financial reform, 1105, 1106; tries to restrain Grattan, 1105; supports Portland, 1112; opposes Pitt's Irish Bill, 1137; his action against Hastings, 1139-1141; effect of the French Revolution upon, 1145; his opinion of it, 1154; his book, 1155; his breach with Fox, 1156; supports Pitt, 1161, 1163

Burke, Richard, Irish leader, 1205, 1206

Burrard, placed over Wellesley, 1290; his caution, 1291, 1292; at Vimiero, 1293

Bussy, De, French ambassador, 1038, 1039; in India, 1117-1119

Bute, his influence over George III., 1035; unpopularity of, 1036, 1042, 1049; Secretary of State, 1037; Premier, 1039; his policy, 1040; his vengeance on the Whigs, resigns, 1041; intrigues against the ministry, 1042

Buxton, his efforts against slavery, 1382, 1444

Byng, George, in the Channel, 896; at Cape Passaro, 945

Byng, John (son of George), at Minorca, 1021; shot, 1022

Cadogan, at Oudenarde, 898; accused, 947

Caermarthen. [See Danby.]

Caermarthen (son of Danby), defeated at Brest, 846

Caermarthen, Secretary of State, 1132

Calder, at Cape Finisterre, 1262, 1263

Calonne, French minister, 1147, 1152

Camden. [See Pratt.]

Camden (son of Pratt), Viceroy of Ireland, 1209, 1210; his yeomanry, 1211; recalled, 1215; in the Cabinet, 1246

Cameron of Lochiel, joins Charles, 1000; skirmish at Fort William, 1000; escapes, 1008

Camissards, rebellion, 880; suppression of, 881, 887

Canclaux, in La Vendée, 1175

Canning, asks Addington to resign, 1239; Treasurer of the Navy, 1247; Foreign Secretary, 1274, 1285; quarrel with Castlereagh, 1322; resigns, 1323; negotiations for his return, 1325; avoids the Queen's trial, 1369; Foreign Secretary, 1370; his foreign policy, 1375; his Spanish policy, 1376; supports Huskisson, 1378; his slave circular, 1382; his Portuguese policy, 1386; his Corn Bill, 1388; supports Catholic emancipation, 1389; Premier, 1392; dies, 1393; his Turkish policy, 1395-1398

Canning, Sir Stratford, at Constantinople, 1396; his policy, 1400

Carhampton, in Ireland, 1211; superseded, 1213

Carleton, defends Quebec, 1075; Minister in America, 1111

Carlisle, First Lord of the Treasury, 874

Carlisle, in the Cabinet, 1112

Carlos, Don, promised Parma and Tuscany, 945; becomes King of Sicily, 976

Carlos (brother of Ferdinand VII.), 1463; his civil war, 1464

Carnot, his tactics, 1168, 1171, 1184; his great plan, 1187; in the Directory, 1197

Caroline, Queen, favours Walpole, 966; character, 967, 968; reprieves Porteous, 979; dies, 980; her peaceful influence, 981; effect of her Church appointments, 1015

Caroline, of Denmark, 1064

Caroline, of Brunswick, marries George IV., 1182; George desires her divorce, 1365; her trial, 1366, 1367; dies, 1368

Carteret, character, 956, 988; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 957; joins the Prince of Wales, 978; Secretary of State, 987; dismissed, 988; his German politics, 994; his fall, 996; made Lord Granville, 1009; favourite of George II., 1009; fails to form a ministry, 1010

Castaños, defeated, 1295

Castlereagh, in Ireland, 1217, 1229; remains in office, 1246; Secretary for War, 1274; neglects the Peninsula War, 1294; accused of bribery, 1299; quarrels with Canning, 1322; resigns, 1323; Foreign Secretary, 1325; at Vienna, 1335; returns, 1339; his death, 1369; his foreign policy, 1370, 1371; its weakness, 1373; his financial measures, 1377; supported Catholic emancipation, 1389

Catherine of Russia, her conduct to Poland, 1066; forms an armed neutrality, 1095; her ambition, 1148; her success, 1149

Catholic claims, refused by Walpole, 986; some penal laws repealed, 1087; George III. opposes, 1087; agitation against, 1092-1094; refused, 1272-1274, 1360, 1368, 1391; importance of, 1387, 1389; the Emancipation Bill passed, 1408

Catinat, at Marsiglia, 841; in Alsace, 879

Cavendish, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1105

Charlemont, friend of Grattan, 1105

Charles Edward, born, 954; correspondence with Walpole, 984; goes to Scotland, 999; his reception, 1000; in Edinburgh, 1001; marches into England, 1003; his character, 1004; at Culloden, 1007; his escape, 1008; supposed intrigue with Frederick II., 1020

Charles XII., his victories, 895, 896; favours the Stuarts, 941; danger to England from, 942, 943; negotiations with Alberoni, 944; effect of his death, 945, 946

Charles II. of Spain, probable effect of his death, 859, 862; his first will, 864; his second will, 869; dies, 870

Charles III., King of Spain, 1038

Charles IV., his weakness, 1286; abdicates, 1287

Charles VI., his claim to Spain, 863, 869; declared King, in Spain, 889, 890, in the Netherlands, 893; Louis offers to recognize him, 894; supported by the Catalonians, 895; occupies Madrid, 915; leaves his army, 916; becomes Emperor, 921; jealous of the new German kingdoms, 941; joins the Quadruple Alliance, 945; desires the guarantee of the Pragmatic Sanction, 959, 970, 971; agrees to suspend the Ostend Company, 962; deserts his Spanish allies, 970; dies, 984

Charles Albert, candidate for the empire, 989; elected as Charles VII., 990; concludes peace, Bavaria restored to him, 994; dies, 996

Charles of Lorraine, victorious over the French, 994

Charles, Archduke, at Stockach, 1222; in Italy, 1264; his proclamation, 1300; at Aspern, 1300; at Wagram, 1301

Charles X., his views, 1413; his speech 1414; deposed, 1416

Charlotte, Princess, born, 1182; dies, 1357

Charnock, his conspiracy, 847; his trial and execution, 855

Charrette, makes peace, 1175; shot, 1177

Chatham. [See Pitt.]

Chatham (son of the above), proposed as Premier, 1240; his volunteer reviews, 1248; in the ministry, 1274; has command of the Walcheren expedition, 1302

Chauvelin, his diplomacy, 1163; dismissed, 1165; his false information, 1166

Chesterfield, dismissed, 975; joins the Prince of Wales, 978; excluded from the ministry, 987; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 996; disliked by George II., 997; Secretary of State, 1010; reforms the Calendar, 1014

Cheyte Singh, robbed by Hastings, 1128, 1140

Child, Sir Josiah, manager of the East India Company, 860

Choiseul, his vigorous rule, 1031; desires peace, 1037; his offers, 1038; prepares for war, 1058; his diplomacy, 1062; effect of his fall, 1165, 1166

Chunda Sahib, claims the Carnatic, 1117; killed, 1118

Church, discontented with the Revolution, 807; settlement of, 810; the Nonjurors, 811; favoured by Tories and by Queen Anne, 905, 911; Occasional Conformity Bill, 906, 907, 947; the Schism Act repealed, 947; favoured by Queen Caroline, 967; decay of, 1015, 1016; influence of the Methodists on, 1017; the Tractarians, 1451

Churchill. [See Marlborough.]

Civil List, of William III., 810, 825; of Anne, 876; of George I., 930; of George II., 966, 967, 1013; of George III., 1082; of George IV., 1182; extravagance of, 1349, 1358

Claim of Right, 818

Clairfait, defeated, 1171

Clare. [See Fitzgibbon.]

Clarence. [See William.]

Clarendon, engaged in a Jacobite plot, 825

Clark, corresponds with Tone, 1190

Clarkson, his evidence on the slave trade, 1271

Clausel, succeeds Marmont, 1317; his skill, 1318

Claverhouse, agent of James II., 818; Earl of Dundee, escapes from Edinburgh, 818; reaches Inverness, 819; makes use of Highland quarrels, 820; killed at Killiecrankie, 821

Clermont, his character, 1027

Clinton, reinforces Gage, 1073; at Bunker's Hill, 1074; at New York, 1081; succeeds Howe, 1088; captures Charleston, 1095; at New York, 1096; negotiates with Arnold, 1097; at New York, 1101; fails to rescue Yorktown, 1102