Part 5

=karan kaḅau=, Andropogon (Arthrolepis) sp. nov. (Gramineæ). A tall grass with rather broad leaves. Syn. =shamrayi= (Gando).

=karan kauji=, _vide_ =fafewa=.

=karan masallachi=, Caralluma Dalzielii, N.E. Br. (Asclepiadeæ). A leafless succulent plant with the habit of a small cactus, wild or planted near mosques, &c. Syn. =wutsiyar damo= (Sok. West), from the resemblance of the tapering young shoots to the tail of the _damo_, a large lizard, Varanus exanthematicus.

=karan masallachin kogi=, a name sometimes given to the taller sedges in pools, &c. _vide_ =gwaigwaya=, (Cyperus exaltatus, Retz. &c.).

=karan sariki=, a name for =rake=, a sugar-cane. Saccharum officinarum, Linn.

=karara=, Mucuna pruriensis, DC. (Leguminosæ). “Cowitch” or “Cowhage.” A herbaceous climber with 3-foliate leaves; the pods especially are covered with rusty pungent hairs which cause intense irritation of the skin. (A species of “Velvet-bean”).

=ḳarari= = the fibrous veins of palm fronds (chiefly =giginya= and =goriba=), used for cordage, brooms, &c.

=ḳarasa=, 1. In Gobir, Daura, &c. = Bitter Cassava, Manihot utilissima, _vide_ under =rogo=. 2. In Kano, &c. = the tuber of a species of yam = =doyar kudu= (“southern yam”) planted south of Kano, and in Zanfara, &c.; not eaten as _sokwara_ (cooked mashed yam).

=kardafi=, _vide_ under =garamani=.

=ḳardaji=, _vide_ =ḳaidaji=.

=ḳare aiki=, a var. of =rama=, _q.v._

=kargo= or =kalgo=, Bauhinia reticulata, DC. (Leguminosæ). A very common shrub in the bush, with bifid leaves and brown pods; bark used as cordage.

=ḳariya=, Adenium Honghel, DC. (Apocynaceæ). A peculiar shrub planted near dwellings, with pink flowers; leafless at the time of flowering. (Etym. “the falsehood,” because rarely seen in fruit—=ḳariya fure ta ke yi yaya ba ta yi ba=).

=kariye galma= (“break hoe”), Combretum herbaceum, Don, an undershrub with a hard root; _vide_ =taru=. Several very different plants with fibrous tufted roots are sometimes called by this name, the peculiar structure of the _galma_ rendering it liable to injury; e.g. Aneilema beniniensis, and others; _vide_ under =tsidaun kare=.

=kariye gatari= (“break axe”), a name given to some hard-wood trees, e.g. =maḳarfo= and =kurḍi=, _q.v._

=ḳarḳara= (Kano, &c.), Acacia campylacantha, Hochst. (= A. Catechu, Willd. Leguminosæ); a thorny acacia which yields a good gum used in commerce and medicinally. Syn. =karki= (Sok. Kats. and Zanf.), and =ḳayar raḳumi=; also =ḳaro= (Kano, Sok. and Kats. the name merely meaning gum and applied to other trees). _vide_ also =farichin shafo= or =ḳumbar shafo=.

=karkashi= or =kalkashi=, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Endl. (Pedaliaceæ). A prostrate herb with viscid juice and flowers similar to =riḍi=, or beni seed, _q.v._ Leaves used in soup, &c. Syn. =yauḍo=, Sok. _q.v._

=karkashin zomo=, Indigofera bracteolata, G. et P. (Leguminosæ). A very common plant in the bush, with small leaves and red flowers.

=karki=, _vide_ =ḳarḳara=.

=ḳaro=, _vide_ under =ḳarḳara=. (A name chiefly applied to Acacia campylacantha, but sometimes to other gum or resin-producing trees, e.g. =kadaura=, &c.); _vide_ under =maje=.

=kasara=, Chloris robusta, Stapf, a tall grass with white radiating flower-spikes, found in the beds of rivers.

=karmami= = leafy shoots of =dawa=, =gero=, &c.

=ḳarri= = palm fronds; chiefly applied to =giginya=; _vide_ =kaba= and =gangame=.

=kasfiya= (Sok. Kats. and Zanf.), Crossopteryx Kotschyana, Fenzl. (Rubiaceæ). A tree with bunches of whitish flowers and small hard black fruit. Also called =kashin awaki= (from the appearance of the fruit).

=kashe kaji=, _vide_ under =kaskawami=.

=kashi kashi= ?(Kontagora), a large leguminous tree; _vide_ =kolo=.

=kashin gwanki=, one of the names for Cucumis Figarei, Del. a prostrate weed of the gourd family; _vide_ =gunar kura= or =tsuwawun zaki=.

=kashin kaza=, a kind of bean; _vide_ under =giri giri=.

=kaskaifi=, Uraria picta, Desv. (Leguminosæ). A low perennial plant with long cylindrical flower-spike. (Etym. from its use as a medicinal charm against cutting weapons). Syn. =dakushe=, Sok. (Etym. “to be blunt”)—name probably applied to several plants, or to the prescription so used. _cf._ =miya tsanya=.

=kaskawami=, Psorospermum senegalense, Spach. (Hypericineæ). A shrub with red berries and dotted leaves. The leaves and bark are used as a remedy for itch, &c. also called =kashe kaji=.

=kasmakaru=, Aristida mutabilis, Trin. and Rupr. (Gramineæ). A grass with 3-rayed sharp awns, injurious to horses. (Etym. from injury to the jaw caused by the sharp awns)—name probably applied to several grasses.

=katambiri=, 1. A tree with a ribbed fleshy fruit full of small seeds used to prepare a black cosmetic; (probably several species of Randia, and Gardenia, Nat. Ord. Rubiaceæ, e.g. Randia malleifera, Benth. et Hook. fil.). 2. The cosmetic prepared from this or from the fruit of =gauḍe=, _q.v._

=katsaimu= (Sok. Kats. and East), Aristida stipoides, Lam. (Gramineæ). A tall grass with graceful panicle of sharply awned florets; commonly used for thatching, &c. Syn. =garasa= (Sok. and West); also =wutsiyar jaki= (Sok., &c.), and =tsintsiyar kogi= or =ts. maza= (Katagum). An insect-gall forming a top-shaped swelling on the stem of this grass is variously named, _kunda_, _q.v._ _mazarin kyanwa_, _gudumar biri_, or _goron yan makaranta_.

=ḳatsa ḳatsa= = =burtuntuna=, a Guinea-corn blight; _vide_ under =dawa=.

=katsami= = =daudawar kuka=, _vide_ under =kuka=.

=katsări=, Albizzia Chevalieri, Harms. (Leguminosæ); a tree of the acacia type, with loose balls of whitish fragrant flowers and flat brown pods; the bark is used by tanners in some districts.

=kauchi=, Loranthus pentagona, DC. (and L. dodoneæfolius, DC. and other spp.) (Loranthaceæ). A parasitic shrub commonly growing on various trees; e.g. on =ḳadanya= called =kauchin kaḍai=. Used medicinally and as a charm. _vide_ also under =sansami=. Sometimes called W. Indian Mistletoe.

=ḳaudodo=, _vide_ =ḳabdodo=.

=kaura=, a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._

=kawo=, Afzelia africana, Smith (Leguminosæ); one of the African Mahoganies or “Mahogany Bean,” a large shade tree, with thick very hard pods and large black seeds. The seeds are sold as a medicinal charm called _fasa daga_, _q.v._ The leaves are used as a cattle food.

=ḳawuri=, Ficus kawuri, Hutch. (Urticaceæ); a large tree of the fig family, yielding a white latex collected as rubber. (Ficus glumosa, Del. is included).

=ḳayar giwa=, a ground-trailer with thorny stem and a tuberous root edible when cooked; sometimes used in famine. Syn. =doyar giwa=.

=ḳayar ḳadangare=, Asparagus Pauli-Guilelmi, Solms. and Laub. and other spp. (Liliaceæ); a straggling half-climbing plant with prickles and acicular leaves. Syn. =masun ḳadangare= (“lizard’s spears”); more commonly called =tsatsarar ḅera=, but _vide_ also =ḳarangiyar kusu=. Stems used for traps, &c.

=ḳayar kusu=? _vide_ =kwaranga=.

=ḳayar raḳumi=, _vide_ under =ḳarḳara=.

=ḳeḳasheshe=, 1. Syn. =tsiyayi= = peeled stems of =rama=, _q.v._ used in medicine and magic; also after scotching applied as a black pigment in wall decoration; (_cf._ =zamarke=). 2. The name of one or more different plants in the bush.

=ḳerama=, a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._

=kerana= (Kano, &c.), Euphorbia Barteri, N.E. Br. a tall branched cactus-like tree with angled prickly stem and milky juice. The name includes other species commonly classed as E. abyssinica, Gmelin, used as a fence.

=kibiyar daji=, _vide_ under =tsika=.

=kilili= = flowers of the date palm; _vide_ under =dabino=.

=kimba=, Xylopia æthiopica, A. Rich. (Anonaceæ). “African,” “Guinea,” or “Negro Pepper.” A tree; the small cylindrical black pods are sold as a medicine and spice.

=kimba kimba= or =kimbar dawaki=, &c., Hyptis pectinata, Poir (Labiatæ). An erect odorous weed of damp places.

=kimbar dutsi=, _vide_ =kamu mowa=.

=kimbar mahalba= (Sok. Kats. and Zanf.), Lantana salvifolia, Jacq. (Verbenaceæ). An undershrub with fragrant leaves and flowers used to flavour food, milk, &c.

=kimbar rafi=, ?Platystonia africana, P. Beauv. (Labiatæ). A luxuriant weed of river-beds with slightly fragrant leaves; used medicinally.

=kinchiya= (Sok. and Kats.), Stylochiton Dalzielii, N.E. Br. (Aroideæ). Syn. =gwandayi=, _q.v._

=ḳini= (Sok. and Kats.), Tephrosia purpurea, Pers. (Leguminosæ). A branched undershrub with soft leaves and pink flowers; used medicinally. Syn. =maraguwa= (Katagum, &c.).

=kiri kiri=, Cynodon dactylon, Pers. (Gramineæ). “Dub Grass.” “Bermuda Grass.” A small creeping grass with narrow radiating flower-spikes; a good fodder; capable of forming turf and binding sand. Syn. =tsarkiyar zomo= (Sok.).

=kiriya=, Prosopis oblonga, Benth. (Leguminosæ); an acacia-like tree with white flowering spikes and brown pods; the seeds called _akiye_ or _akwiye_ (Nupe _piye_), are used to make _daudawa_, _q.v._

_namijin kiriya_, _vide_ _kolo_.

_kiriyar kurumi_ or _kaḍanyar kurumi_, a name given to a hard-wooded forest tree of the Benué region, not known in Hausa.

=kirni= (Kano), or =kisni= (Sok. and Zanf.), Briedelia ferruginea, Benth. (Euphorbiaceæ). A shrub, the root of which is in some districts used as an antidote to arrow-poison. _makubar mahalba_ = a fermented extract of the bark used sometimes for hardening floors; (_vide_ under =ḍorowa=).

=kirtani=, a strong twine made from fibre of =yawan wake=, =tumfafiya=, and =yaḍiya=, _q.v._

=ḳi taḅewa=, a medicine; sold in the form of small tuberous pieces with rootlets (probably the root of a grass); used in fumigation as a charm, love-potion, &c. (Etym. “fail me never”).

=ḳodagaya=, a kind of bean; ?Canavalia ensiformis, DC. Cultivated as a climber on fences and trees, &c.

=ḳodago= or (=ḳwalo=), the hard-shelled nut of the Dum palm, _vide_ under =goriba=.

=kokara=, a hard-wooded tree; walking-sticks and cudgels called _umara_, are made from it.

=ko karani=, a var. of =rama=, _q.v._

=ḳoḳiya=, Strychnos spinosa, Lam. (Loganiaceæ). A tree with yellow hard-shelled fruit a little larger than an orange; the acid pulp is edible, the seeds are poisonous.

_namijin ḳoḳiya_, Strychnos alnifolia, Baker, and S. triclisioides, Baker; two very similar shrubs with smaller fruit than =ḳoḳiya=; not edible.

=ḳoḳiyar biri= (Kontagora), Voacanga obtusa, K. Schum. (Apocynaceæ). A tree with paired capsular fruit, which grows in damp ravines.

=koko=, _vide_ under =duma=.

=kokochiko=, Oncoba spinosa, Forsk. (Bixaceæ); a thorny tree with white rose-like flowers and a hard globular fruit which is used as a rattle. (Etym. _kokochiko_ = a child’s rattle).

=kokuwa= (Sok. and West), Limonia sp. (Rutaceæ); a tree with hard green orange-like fruit.

=kolo= (Zanfara), Amblygonocarpus Schweinfurthii, Harms. (Leguminosæ); a large tree with twice-pinnate leaves and brown 4-angled pods. Syn. =namijin kiriya= (Sok.), =kashi kashi= ?(Kontagora).

=kololo=, a var. of the bottle-gourd; _vide_ under =duma=.

=komaya= (Kano), Eragrostis tremula, Hochst. (Gramineæ). A common wild fodder grass; grain eaten in scarcity. Syn. =burburwa= (Sok.). _komaya ta fadama_, Eragrostis biformis, Kunth. and other spp.; taller grasses of wet places, resembling =komaya=.

=komfa= or =chitta komfa=, a var. of spice; _vide_ under =chitta=.

=korkoro= (Kontagora), a grass, _vide_ =fafewa=. _cf._ also =kwarkoro=, _vide_ under =kwarko=.

=ḳosai=, _vide_ under =wake=.

=ḳosain rogo=, Dioscorea dumetorum, Pax. (Dioscorideæ); a species of wild yam with 3-fol. leaves. Syn. =rogon biri=.

=kosfa= = the shell or pod of a dehiscent fruit.

=kuḅewa=, Hibiscus esculentus, Linn. (Malvaceæ). Okra. A broad-leaved malvaceous plant cultivated for its mucilaginous capsules used as a vegetable. Syn. =guro= (Sok.);

_takeyi_ (East Hausa) = soup of okra (from the Ful. name _takeiyeji_). (=kubewa=, pumpkin, _vide_ =kabewa=).

=kubla= (Sok.), or =kulla=, Thonningia sanguinea, Vahl. (Balanophoreæ); a parasitic plant found in the bush, with an aromatic root used as a spice.

=kudaku= (Sok. Zanf., &c.). Sweet Potato. _vide_ =dankali=.

=ḳuduji=, Striga senegalensis, Benth. (Scrophularineæ). A red-flowered parasitic weed common in cultivated fields. It is believed to destroy the growing =dawa=, and hence is called =makasar dawa= or =makasha=. Syn. =wuta wuta=; =gaugayi= ?(Gobir).

=kufi=, an oily extract made from the seeds of =zurma= (Castor Oil, Ricinus communis), =chi ni da zugu= (Physic Nut, Jatropha Curcas), and =aduwa= (Balanites ægyptiaca); used as an application for sores in domestic stock.

=kugundugu=, _vide_ under =dankali=.

=kujeme=, _vide_ under =kaḍanya=.

=kuka=, Adansonia digitata, B. Juss. (Malvaceæ). “Baobab,” “Monkey Bread Tree,” “Sour Gourd.” Inner bark used for rope, strings of musical instruments, &c. The acid and mucilaginous pulp of the fruit is used in various ways as food and drink. _kwaikwaiyo_ (Kano) = the husk or shell of the indehiscent fruit; _garin kuka_ = the mealy acid pulp around the seeds; _guntsu_ (Kano) = seeds of kuka (Ful. _gorgomi_); _daudawar kuka_ = fermented cakes made from the seeds (as with =ḍorowa=, _q.v._), also called _katsami_ (Kano and East); _chusar doki_ = pounded leaves of _kuka_, with _dusa_ and _kanwa_, used as food or medicine for horses; _miyar kuka_ or _kalun kuka_ = the leaves used for soup; _kumbali_ = the Baobab flower.

=kukuki=, Sterculia tomentosa, Guill. et Perr. (Sterculiaceæ); a common tree which yields a gum like tragacanth; the bark contains an almost tasteless watery juice which is sucked by thirsty carriers, &c.

=kulbutu=, _vide_ =tsana=.

=kulla=, _vide_ =kubla=.

=kuloko= (Sok., &c.) = a black dye for leather, prepared as a fermented extract of “Sant Pods” (=bagaruwa=, _q.v._ Acacia arabica), and _kwan mukera_ (blacksmiths’ refuse of fused iron oxide and carbon), and mixed with honey or syrup.

=kulufita=, a small prolific var. of the native bitter tomato; _vide_ under =gauta=. (Etym. _kullum fita_).

=kumbali= = the flower of the Baobab; _vide_ under =kuka=.

=ḳumbar shafo=, _vide_ =farichin shafo=.

=kumbu=, _vide_ under =duma=.

=ḳumchi= (Sok. and Zanf.), _vide_ =majiriyar kurumi=.

=kunda= (Sok. and Kats.), an insect-gall forming a swelling on the stem of the grass =katsaimu=, _q.v._ used as a toy dart to shoot birds.

=ḳundu=, _vide_ =giginya=.

=ḳunḳushewa=, Gymnosporia senegalensis, Loes. (Celastrineæ); a common shrub in the bush, with spines and delicate white flowers. Syn. =namijin tsada=.

=kunnen zomo=, _vide_ =takalmin zomo=.

=kununguru= (East Hausa), Commelyna nudiflora, Linn.; a common weed, better known as =balasa=, _q.v._

=ḳurar shanu=, Euphorbia ægyptiaca, Boiss. (Euphorbiaceæ); a small weed of pastures with milky juice; used medicinally. Syn. =rapasa= (Kano).

=kurḍi=, Burkea africana, Hook. (Leguminosæ); a large hard-wooded tree with black bark and pale twice-pinnate leaves; sometimes called =baḳin maḳarfo=. (In Sokoto =itchen kurḍi= = Melia Azedarach, _vide_ =kurnan nasara=). _cf._ also =kariye gatari=.

=kurḍin machiji= (Katagum), Ipomœa sp. (Convolvulaceæ). A twining convolvulus with purple and white flowers. (Etym. perhaps from the resemblance of the ripe capsules to cowrie shells).

=kurgum= (Kanuri) = turmeric; _vide_ =gangamau=.

=kuringa=, _vide_ =kwaranga=.

=kuriya= (Sok. and Zanf.), Bombax buonopozense, Beauv. (Malvaceæ). “Red-flowered Silk Cotton Tree.” Syn. =gurjiya=, _q.v._

=kurna=, Zizyphus Spina-Christi, Willd. (Rhamnaceæ). A thorny tree with brownish edible berries, common in towns. _cf._ =magariya=.

=kurnan nasara= (Kontagora, &c.), Melia Azedarach, Linn. (Meliaceæ). “Pride of India,” “Persian or Egyptian Lilac,” or “Bead Tree.” A tree with twice-pinnate leaves and panicles of lilac flowers, often planted in towns. (The ovoid yellow fruit has a superficial resemblance to that of =kurna=. Etym. from its exotic origin; _nasara_ = Christian). In Sokoto called =itchen kurḍi= or =taḅa ni ka samu= (=kurḍi=) from some belief in luck associated with it; seeds called _yayan tasbaha_ because used for rosary beads.

=kurtu= or =kurtun lalle=, _vide_ under =duma=.

=kurukubi=, Grewia sp. (Tiliaceæ); a shrub with rough leaves and edible berries.

=ḳuruḳuru= (Sok. Kats. Katagum, &c.), Feretia canthioides, Hiern. (Rubiaceæ); a shrub with fragrant jasmine-like white flowers. Syn. =lallen suri= or =lallen jibba= (from its common habitat near ant-hills); =goge= (?Hausa); _vide_ =rigyakafi=.

=ḳurzun ḍinya=, _vide_ under =ḍinya=.

=kurzunu=, a tubercled variety of an edible gourd like a cucumber; (?a var. of the bottle-gourd Lagenaria vulgaris, _vide_ under =duma=).

=kusumburuwa=, _vide_ under =dawa=.

=kututu=, _vide_ under =masara=.

=kwachiya=, a small calabash; _vide_ under =duma=.

=kwagiri=, a woody creeper, a sort of jointed cane used for walking sticks, &c.

=kwaikwaiyo=, _vide_ under =kuka= and =aduwa=.

=kwakwa=, Elais guineensis, Jacq. (Palmeæ). Oil Palm. _man ja_ = palm oil derived from the outer fleshy pulp of the nut; the kernel yields a different oil.

=kwakwar Attagara=, Cocos nucifera, Linn. Coco-nut Palm (from the name of an Igara town on the lower Niger).

=kwalli kwalli=, _vide_ under =geḍa=.

=ḳwalo= = the ripe hard-shelled nut of the palm =goriba=, _q.v._ Syn. =ḳodago=.

=kwalshi= = the edible kernel of the unripe nut of =goriba= chiefly (but also of =giginya=); _q.v._

=ḳwama= (Sok. and Gobir), a var. of the common bean; _vide_ under =wake=.

=ḳwandariya=, a thorny acacia yielding gum; (?Acacia caffra, Willd.); stems used for walking-sticks; said to be so thorny that _biri ya kwana a ḳassa_.

=kwankwani=, Strophanthus hispidus, DC. and S. sarmentosus, DC. (Apocynaceæ). Arrow-poison plants. The former is a shrub with lax branches, frequently cultivated, with long narrow beaked pods; the latter a tall woody climber growing on trees, &c. chiefly in ravines, and has stout obtuse pods. The seeds are the chief and the only essential ingredient in N. Nigerian arrow-poison. Syn. =tantsiya= (Sok. Ful. _tantsiyari_). =yaḅi= (East Hausa) = arrow-poison (from _yaḅe_ to daub or smear); syn. =zabgai=.

=kwankwan dafi= (Sok. and Kats.), Indigofera echinata, Willd. (Leguminosæ). _vide_ =gujiyar hankaka=.

=kwankwarimi= (Zanfara), Wissadula rostrata, Planch. (Malvaceæ). A tall stiff undershrub with small yellow flowers; the bark yields a hemp-like fibre. Sometimes called =ramar kurimi=.

=kwankwarita= (East Hausa), Trapa bispinosa, Roxb. (Onagrarieæ). “Water Chestnut.” _vide_ under =geḍar ruwa=. The name includes the rhizome of =bădo=, _q.v._

=kwanta Ali da zugu=, a var. of the cotton shrub; _vide_ under =abduga=.

=kwantal= (Sok.), or =gurji kwantal=; _vide_ =gurji=.

=kwaranga= or (=kuringa=), =kwarangar wofi=, Smilax Kraussiana, Meisn. (Liliaceæ); a prickly twiner with 5-nerved leaves and a tuberous root used medicinally; related to Sarsaparilla. (Etym. “bastard ladder”). Syn. ?=ḳayar kusu=.

=ḳwaras ḳwaras=, the same as =kwaruru= but _vide_ under =gujiya=.

=kwardauḍa=, _vide_ =dauḍa=.

=kwari=, a slender soft-wooded tree with long broad leaves, in ravines, sometimes called “Cabbage Tree.” (Etym. _kwari_ = a quiver, because used for making quivers). Anthocleista nobilis, G. Don. (= A. Vogelii, Planch.) and A. parviflora, Baker (Loganiaceæ).

=ḳwariya=, the common calabash; _vide_ under =duma=.

=kwarko= (Kano), or =kwarkoro=, Argemone mexicana, Linn. (Papaveraceæ). “Yellow Mexican Poppy,” a common prickly poppy of fields and waste places near houses. Syn. =haḳorin kada= (from the Ful. name); =ya= (or =ka=) =ḳi ruwan Allah= (because essentially a dry-season plant, and because the glaucous leaves throw off rain or dew); (_kada ka taḅa yaro_ is a Yoruba equivalent). The root is used for cotton spools, and as a stimulant by drummers, &c.

=kwaruru=, Voandzeia subterranea, Thouars. (Leguminosæ). The Bambarra Ground Nut. Syn. =gujiya=, _q.v._ A species of ground bean cultivated like =geḍa= and like it developing its pods underground. It differs from =geḍa= in having 3-foliate leaves (4 leaflets in =geḍa=), and spherical usually one-seeded pods with variegated seeds. The allied Kerstingiella geocarpa, Harms. is cultivated in some districts in Nupé and the south. _yaro da dariya_ = the seeds cracked and roasted (etym. from the gaping cracks); _abakuru_ (Yoruba _obokuru_) = cooked ovoid cakes or balls with pepper, salt, &c. fried in oil (prepared preferably from _kwaruru_ because it keeps better on a journey, &c.). _lubatu_ = a kind of food made from _kwaruru_. (Etym. Yor. _epa roro_ = round ground nut).

=ḳwiwa= or =ḳwiya=, Adenodolichos sp. nr. A. Auchietas, Harms. (Leguminosæ); a tall undershrub with 3-foliate leaves and slender straight branches used for _tanka_, &c.

=ḳwododo=, _vide_ =ḳabdodo=.

=ḳwododon kwaḍo= (Kano), Amorphophallus Barteri, N.E. Br. (and other similar species of Aroideæ), an oddly shaped plant of the Arum lily family, with a flat lurid purple spathe. Syn. =maḳworin maḳwododo= and =buran kare=, _q.v._

=kwokiya=, a var. of melon; _vide_ under =guna=.

=kwokwo= or =ḳoḳo=, a small var. of calabash; _vide_ under =duma=.

=kwosusu=, the second annual crop of indigo, said to be better than the first; _vide_ under =baba=.

=kwoton tadawa=, _vide_ under =duma=.

=kwotowa= (Sok.), Pergularia tomentosa, Linn. (Asclepiadeæ); _vide_ =fatakka=.

=kyamro= or =kyauro=, =k. kibiya=, Saccharum spontaneum, Linn. (Gramineæ). A tall grass of river-banks and wet places with white plume-like flowering panicle. Stems commonly used for arrow-shafts. Syn. =sheme=, and ?=sansari= (Illo; used for arrows with detachable head). Sometimes referred to as _abokin kibiya_.

=ḳyara=, Cymbopogon Ruprechtii, Hack. (Gramineæ). A very common tall grass with sharp long-awned spikelets; used for _zana_ after the spikelets have fallen.

=ḳyasuwa= or =ḳansuwa=, Pennisetum pedicellatum, (and P. setosum) (Gramineæ). A coarse tall grass with fluffy flowering heads; a common pest in waste places in towns, &c. Syn. =fura= (Kano and East). Sometimes distinguished from a somewhat similar grass of wet places as =ḳ. tudu= or =ḳ. waje=. _cf._ =duza=.

=L=

=labaye= = =tofo=, _q.v._ sprouting leaves of any plant; (_sabon ganye mai tofo_).

=laḅayi=, a var. of cotton; _vide_ under =abduga=.

=laḅanda=, a name given to several varieties of grass used for thatching; in Sokoto and Zanfara generally = Andropogon apricus, var. africanus, Hack. _vide_ =jan baḳo=.

=labsur= or =lausur=, Lepidium sativum, Linn. (Cruciferæ). “Common” or “Garden Cress.” Cultivated in Kano, &c. The seeds are a native medicine called =algarif=, _q.v._

=labuje=, a var. of kola nut; _vide_ under =goro=.

=ladiko=? a species of bean; _vide_ =ḅarankachi=. (Possibly = _lalego_ (Kano), a sort of hand-rattle used by women).

=laka=, _vide_ under =shalla=.

=lalaki= (Sok.), _vide_ under =shinkafa=.

=lalemo= (Sok.), a grass for thatching.

=lalle=, Lawsonia alba, Lam. (Lythrarieæ). “Egyptian Privet” or “_Henna_;” a small shrub planted for the sake of the leaves which are used all over the Sudan, in Egypt and the East, to dye the nails, &c.

=lallen jibba= or =lallen suri=, _vide_ =ḳuruḳuru=.

=lallen shamuwa= (Sok.), Gisekia pharnaceoides, Linn. (Ficoideæ); a common spreading weed. (Etym. probably from the ruddy tinge of the plant). Syn. ?=dandami=.

=lalu=, Corchorus tridens, L. and C. trilocularis, L. (Tiliaceæ); common weeds related to jute, used as pot-herbs. Syn. =turgunuwa=; (including also the wild form of C. olitorius, _vide_ under =malafiya=).

=lanya=, _vide_ =limniya=.

=lausur=, _vide_ =labsur=.

=lawashi=, _vide_ under =albasa=.

=lawur=, 1. = Sweet Potato, _vide_ =dankali=. 2. A var. of =gero=, _q.v._

=lemu=, Citrus Medica, var. acida, Brandis (Aurantiaceæ). The Lime. A naturalized shrub in Nigeria. _babban lemu_ or _lemun Maka_, The Orange (Citrus Aurantium, Linn.). _lemun yan sariki_, _lemun magajiya_ or _lemun Masar_, The Citron (Citrus Medica, Linn.); rare but half naturalized near Sokoto. _namijin lemu_, _vide_ =innuwar gada=.

=liḍi=, _vide_ =riḍi=.