Part 4

=gurjiya=, Bombax buonopozense, Beauv. (Malvaceæ). “Red-flowered Silk Cotton Tree;” a tree like =rimi=, _q.v._ but smaller, with red tulip-like flowers and stout thorns on the branches. The silky hairs are used to stuff pack-saddles, armour-quilts &c. Syn. =kuriya= (Sok. and Zanf.).

=guro= (Sok.), Hibiscus esculentus, Linn. The okra. Syn. =kuḅewa=, _q.v._

=gursami=, a plant with radiate tuberous roots eaten in scarcity.

=gusu=? (Zanfara). Syn. for =tsa=, _q.v._ a shrub—Phyllanthus reticulatus.

=gutsuri=, _vide_ under =goro=.

=gwabsa= (Sok. Kats. and Zanf.), Cussonia nigerica, Hutch. sp. nov. (Araliaceæ); a tree with large digitate leaves, corrugated bark and odorous sap; often called =takanḍar giwa=, _q.v._; also =hannun kuturu= (from the bare leafless branches in the dry season). _namijin gwabsa_ (or _takanḍar giwa_, Sok. Kats. and Zanf.) = Hannoa undulata, Planch. (Simarubeæ); a tree with pinnate leaves, fragrant white blossoms, and black plum-like fruit.

=gwaḍayi= or =gwoḍeyi=, Hippocratea obtusifolia, var. Richardiana, Loes. (Celastrineæ); a twining shrub with tough stems used as tie-tie for _tanka_, &c., resisting white ants. (Perhaps several plants of similar habit and use are included in the Hausa name; _cf._ =kana kana=). _cf._ the expression _gwaḍayi, ba saranka, ba ja_—if not cut first it cannot be broken by pulling.

=gwaigwaya=? (Katagum &c.), Cyperus exaltatus, Retz. (Cyperaceæ); a tall sedge of wet places, with 3-angled stem, and radiating numerous flower-spikes. Syn. =karan masallachin kogi=.

=gwalli=, _vide_ =gurji=.

=gwanda= or =g. Masar=, Carica Papaia, Linn. (Papayaceæ). The “Pawpaw” or “Melon Tree.”

=gwandar daji=, Anona senegalensis, Pers. (Anonaceæ); a species of Custard Apple common in the bush, with yellow edible fruit and fragrant leaves.

=gwandayi= (Kano &c.), Stylochiton Dalzielii, N.E. Br. sp. nov. (Aroideæ); a plant of the Arum-lily family, with arrow-head leaves and a yellow root; young leaves and root sometimes eaten as a pot-herb after prolonged boiling to remove the acrid principle. Syn. =kinchiya= (Sok. and Kats.).

=Gwanja kusa=, a name for several plants supposed to have properties resembling kola and other economic products of Gwanja in G. Coast, N. Terr. e.g. often applied to the “Akee Apple”—Blighia sapida, Koenig. (_vide_ =alale=), which has scarlet fruit reminiscent of kola; also Parinarium curatellæfolium (_vide_ =rura=), a tree the young leaf of which is sometimes chewed and reddens the mouth; the flowers of Trichilia emetica (_vide_ =jan saye=), similarly used; the herb Heliotropium Zeylanicum, Lam. (Boragineæ), used as a tonic, and staining the lips like kola. Also several plants which turn black in drying (chiefly Scrophularineæ), and are sometimes mixed with indigo, e.g. Cycnium camporum, Eng. with white petunia-like flowers.

=gwanno= (Sok. and Zanf.), _vide_ =gabachara=.

=gwano rafi=, Olax subscorpioidea, Oliv. (Olacineæ); an evergreen shrub with an unpleasant odour; (=gwano= = the stink ant).

=gwaska=, =itchen gwaska=, Erythrophlœum guineense, Don. (Leguminosæ). “Sasswood.” “Ordeal Tree.” A forest tree; the bark (“sassy bark”) is used by some pagan tribes in an ordeal brew and as an occasional ingredient in arrow-poison.

=gwaza=, Colocasia antiquorum, Schott. (Aroideæ). The “Koko yam” (Yoruba—_koko_); an aroid plant with huge arrow-head leaves, cultivated for the starchy tuber. _gwazar giwa_, one of many names for an aroid with large lurid purple flower-spathe, a much-divided leaf and a bulky tuber with acrid juice; called also _hansar giwa_ (“elephant’s breast”), _kunnen jaki_, _buran jaki_, and sometimes _kinchiya_, _q.v._) = Amorphophallus dracontioides, N.E. Br.

=gwazkiya= (Zanf.), _vide_ =bogo zage=.

=gwoḍeyi=, _vide_ =gwaḍayi=.

=gwolon zaki=, _vide_ =tsuwawun zaki=.

=gwundi=, a var. of cotton; _vide_ under =abduga=.

=gyaḍa=, the ground-nut, _vide_ =geḍa=.

=gyamro=, _vide_ under =dawa=.

=gyandama=, a var. of the bottle-gourd, _vide_ under =duma=.

=gyazama=, Rottbœllia exaltata, Linn. fil. (Gramineæ); a tall harsh-leaved grass, eaten by horses; called also =dadawa= and =dawa dawa=.

=H=

=haḍa fuḍa= (Sok.), a name for Cassia Kotschyana, Oliv. (Leguminosæ), and probably other species of Cassia; _vide_ under =gamma faḍa=. (?a corruption of a Fulani name).

=haguguwa=, a species of Ficus; _vide_ =uwar yara=.

=haki=, pl. =hakukuwa=, any kind of grass or weed.

=hakin furtau= (Sok.), Sporobolus festivus, Hochst. (Gramineæ); a small slender grass with delicate panicle of small purplish flowers; sometimes mixed with others for thatching. (Etym. _furtau_ = a quail).

=haḳorin kada=, Argemone Mexicana, Linn. Yellow prickly poppy; _vide_ under =kwarko=.

=haḳorin kare=, Panicum fluitans, Retz. (Gramineæ); a grass with hollow stem, in wet places; used as fodder. (Etym. “dog’s tooth,” from the shape of the flower spikelets.)

=haḳorin machiji=, Achryanthes aspera, L. (Amaranthaceæ); a troublesome weed of waste places, with small sharply pointed reflexed flowers; commonly also called =ḳaimin ḳadangare=, _q.v._

=halshen saniya=, 1. In Sok. Kats. Bauchi, &c. = Portulaca oleracea, Linn. “Purslane,” a common weed of waste places, with yellow flowers and succulent spathulate leaves, commonly called =fasa ḳabba=, _q.v._ and _cf._ also =dabrin saniya=, _vide_ under =gadon machiji=. 2. In Zanfara, &c. =halshen sa= = a name for Lonchocarpus laxiflorus, G. et P. a leguminous tree with purple flowers; leaves given to goats as fodder. _vide_ =shunin biri= and =farin sansami=.

=halshen damo=, a var. of =gero=, _q.v._

=hana gobara= (Zanfara), _vide_ under =dali=.

=hana taḳama=, _vide_ under =gadon machiji=.

=hanjin rago=, Oxystelma bornouense, R. Br. (Asclepiadeæ); a slender twiner with milky juice and white and purple flowers, commonly growing on bushes by streams.

=hankufa=, Waltheria americana, Linn. (Buettneriaceæ); a common erect weed or undershrub with soft leaves and small yellow flowers; used medicinally.

=hannu biat= or =yatsa biat=, a plant with 5-digitate leaves; used medicinally.

=hannun giwa=, a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._

=hannun kuturu=, _vide_ under =gwabsa=.

=hannun marini=, a var. of bean, _vide_ under =wake=.

=hannu ruwa=, a var. of kola nut; _vide_ under =goro=.

=hano= (Sok. and Kats., &c.), Boswellia Dalzielii, Hutch. sp. nov. and Boswellia odorata, Hutch. sp. nov. (Burseraceæ). Two closely similar species of “Frankincense Tree” (the former more in Sokoto, Kontagora, Zaria, &c., the latter in Yola province, &c.). Syn. =ararabi= (Katsina, &c.), =basamu= (Sok. and Zanf.). The fragrant gum-resin is used medicinally and as a fumigation for clothing, houses, &c. (Etym. from _hana_, to prevent, from a prejudice some have against it, believing that it prevents success in trade, &c.; a form of deceit is to adulterate or substitute it for other resins such as _ḳaron maje_, &c. _cf._ the name _ba samu_ indicating the same idea).

=hansar gada=, =hansar giwa=, names given to several Aroid plants; _vide_ =tsakara=, =gwazar giwa=, &c.; (_hansa_ = the breast).

=hanza=, _vide_ =anza=.

=harawa=, stem and leaf of bean and ground-nut plants, used as fodder, =harawan wake=, =harawan geḍa=. =harawan ḍorowa=, _vide_ under =ḍorowa=.

=harḳiya=, Digitaria debilis, Willd. (Gramineæ); a common fodder grass, 1½ to 2 feet high, with several slender flower rays. “Finger Grass.”

=harwatsi= (Sok.), Mitracarpum scabrum, Zucc. (Rubiaceæ); a common weed. Syn. =goga masu=, _q.v._

=hatsin manoma= (Sok.), Pancratium trianthum, Herb. (Amaryllideæ); a bulbous herb with beautiful white lily-like flowers appearing with the early rains; (sometimes called “Spider Lily”).

=haujeri= (Katagum, &c.), =haujerin mutane=, Capparis corymbosa, Lam. (Capparideæ). A climbing thorny shrub, with white flowers and yellow fruit like a small orange, sometimes eaten. The leaves are sometimes used as food. _haujerin raḳumi_, Capparis tomentosa, Lam. A thorny woody climber similar to the last, more common and with larger fruit, not eaten. Generally called _ḳabdodo_ (Sok. Kats., &c.); ?_chauchaka_ (Zanfara).

=haukat yaro=, Datura Metel, Linn. (Solanaceæ). “Hairy Thorn Apple.” _vide_ =zaḳami=, and =babba juji=. A large weed of waste places, with long trumpet-shaped white flowers. (Etym. from its deliriant property).

=hawayen zaki=, Anaphrenium abyssinicum, Hochst. (= Rhus insignis, Del.) (Anacardiaceæ). A tree with milky juice; the stems are commonly used as sticks to apply _kwolli_.

=huda=, _vide_ =fuda=; =hudar awaki=, _vide_ under =geḍa= and =biya rana=.

=I=

=ibi=, a var. of kola nut; _vide_ under =goro=.

=iburu= (or =aburu=), a common cereal much planted in Zaria and other districts.

=idon saniya= (Kano and East), Solanum incanum, Linn. and other species of Solanum; (the equivalent of the Ful. name _giti nai_ or “ox-eye”). _vide_ =gautan kura=.

=idon zakara=, Abrus precatorius, Linn. (Leguminosæ). “Prayer Beads,” “Jequirity,” “Bird’s Eye” (S. Leone). A twiner with pinnate leaves and clustered pods containing small scarlet seeds with a black spot; used chiefly as a medicinal charm. Syn. =tandara= (Kano and Kats.), =taga rana= (Kano market), (_idon zakara_ is also used for the scarlet seeds of _minjiriya_, _q.v._ Erythrina senegalensis).

=ingidido=, Cratæva Adansonii, G. et P. (Capparideæ); a tree with 3 fol. leaves, white flowers and a yellow-shelled fruit.

=ingirichi= = chopped-up hay as fodder.

=intaya=, _vide_ =acha=, a small grass cultivated as a cereal.

=innuwar ḅauna=, Morelia senegalensis, A. Rich. (Rubiaceae); an evergreen shrub with white flowers, common on the banks of streams.

=innuwar gada=, Opilia celtidifolia, Endl. (Olacineæ); a climbing shrub with fragrant whitish flowers; used medicinally for horses, &c.; sometimes called =namijin lemu=.

=innuwar tufi= (Sok.), a floating plant in pools, &c. (_tufi_ = a sp. of fish). ?Æschynome crassicaulis, Harms. _vide_ =kaiḍajin ruwa=.

=itchen gado=, Fluggea microcarpa, Blume (Euphorbiaceæ); a shrub the stems of which are used for native beds, &c.; more generally called =tsa=, _q.v._

=itchen kurḍi=, 1. In Sokoto = Melia Azedarach, Linn. (Meliaceæ). “Pride of India,” “Persian” or “African Lilac.” A tree with twice-pinnate leaves, bunches of lilac flowers and ovoid yellow fruit. (Etym. “_taḅa ni ka samu kurḍi_,” from a supposed virtue as a charm). Syn. =kurnan nasara= (Kontagora, East Hausa, &c.), _q.v._ 2. Burkea africana, Hook. (Leguminosæ); a large tree with pale twice-pinnate leaves, spikes of creamy flowers and small flat pods. _vide_ =kurḍi=.

=itchen Masar=, Croton Zambesicus, Müell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceæ); a shrub sometimes planted in native compounds; (name given to several exotic plants).

=J=

=jallo=, a small var. of bottle-gourd; _vide_ under =duma=.

=jan baḳo= (Sok. and Zanf.), a name given to certain thatching grasses which turn red in colour when mature; e.g. Andropogon apricus, var. africanus, Hack. and Andropogon exilis, Hochst. (_vide_ =jan rauno=). Syn. =jan bauje=, =jan datsi=; _vide_ also =laḅanda=.

=jan itache=, _vide_ =jan yaro=.

=janjari= (Sok.), a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._

=jan karago=, _vide_ under =goro=.

=jan rauno= (or =jan ramno=, Sok.), Andropogon exilis, Hochst. (Gramineæ). A grass about 1½ to 2 feet high, turning russet-red in autumn; used for thatch, and chopped up to mix with building clay; also a fodder grass. Syn. =jan bauje=; _cf._ also =jan baḳo=, and _vide_ =ramno=.

=jan saye= (Sok., Zanf., Kontagora), Trichilia emetica, Vahl. (Meliaceæ). A tree common in central Hausaland. The seeds yield a less important oil; root used in native medicine. _vide_ =Gwanja kusa=.

=jan yaro= (or =jan itache=), Hymenocardia acida, Tul. (Euphorbiaceæ). A shrub or small tree with a reddish bark.

=jaudari= (East Hausa), Solanum sp. Syn. =gorgo=, _q.v._

=jawul= = Myrrh, the gum-resin of Balsamodendron myrrha, Nees. (Burseraceæ); brought by Arabs; (possibly also that of Odina Wodier, Roxb. called _jewul_ or _jiyal_ in India).

=jema=, Vetiveria zizanioides, Stapf. (Gramineæ). “Vetiver” or “Cus Cus,” a tall clump-grass of marshy places; used for _zana_, and for plaiting straw armlets called _darambuwa_, _q.v._ In some districts the large swamp-grass with red-purple flowering heads—Rhytachne gigantea, Stapf.—is included.

=jemo=, a short club-shaped var. of the bottle-gourd; _vide_ under =duma=.

=jibda ḳassa=, Cissampelos Pareira, Linn. (Menispermaceæ). “Velvet-leaf” of “False Pareira Brava.” An ivy-like twiner with greyish velvety leaves; the bitter root is sold as a medicine for many purposes, and is considered _sarikin ḍachi_ as _zuma_ is _sarikin zaḳi_. (The name is sometimes corrupted into =judar ḳas=). Also called =fiyaka= or =piyaka=. _vide_ also under =gaḍaukuka=.

=jigari= (Ful.), a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._

=jimbiri=, “haricots verts,” uncooked bean pods used for food, _vide_ under =wake=.

=jimfa=, _vide_ =majimfa=.

=jimfi= or =jimpa jimpa= (Kats. Sok. and Zanf.), _vide_ =gajiri=.

=jimshi=, _vide_ =dussa=.

=jina jina= (Sok. and Zanf.), _vide_ =bajini=.

=jinin mutum=, Arnebia Hispidissima, DC. (Boragineæ); a rough-leaved weed with small yellow flowers and a red root capable of use as a dye.

=jirga= (Sok. and Kats.), Bauhinia rufescens, Lam. (Leguminosæ). A shrub with small bifid leaves and black twisted pods; used medicinally and as a charm. Syn. =tsatsagi= (Sok. Zaria, Kano, &c.) or =matsagi=.

=jiri=, Stereospermum Kunthianum, Cham. (Bignoniaceæ). A tree with beautiful pink flowers, smooth bark and slender pendulous pods; more commonly called =sansami=, _q.v._

=K=

=kaba=, the fronds of the =goriba=, _q.v._ or “Dum Palm,” Hyphæne Thebaica, Mart. (less applied to other palms, e.g. _kabar giginya_); used for plaiting mats, baskets, cordage, &c. _cf._ _gangame_, _kankami_, and _ḳarri_.

=kabar giwa= (Kano and East), Aloe Barteri, Baker? (Liliaceæ); an aloe with speckled succulent sharp-pointed leaves and yellow or red flowers. Syn. =zabo= (Sok.), _q.v._

=ḳabdodo= or =ḳaudodo= (Sok. and Kats.), or =ḳwododo=, Capparis tomentosa, Lam. (Capparideæ); a thorny shrub of climbing habit with a small orange-like fruit. _vide_ =haujeri= (Katagum, &c.), and ?=chauchaka= (Zanfara), also ?=chizaki=.

=kabewa= (Kano, &c. = =kubewa=, Sok. but not =kuḅewa=, the okra, _q.v._) Cucurbita Pepo, DC. (Cucurbitaceæ). Pumpkin or Pompion; (probably also C. maxima, Duch. Squash Gourd) a large cultivated gourd with harsh foliage and yellow flowers. Syn. =goji= (Zaria). _kabushi_ (Sok.), or _ruguguwa_ (Kano) = a long var. (var. _ovifera_) the Vegetable Marrow. _gundar kabewa_ = the small immature fruits, used in soup; _cf._ under =ḍorowa=.

=kabido=, a long waterproof hood, made usually from palm-leaf of =tukuruwa=, _q.v._

=kachalla= (Kanuri), _vide_ =shalla= or =salla=.

=kaḍa= (Sok.), Cotton or the Cotton Plant; _vide_ =abduga=.

=kaḍa kaḍa= (Kontagora), Cienfuegosia heteroclada, Sprague, (Bixineæ). A low shrub with pink flowers appearing from the base, and pods with a rusty wool resembling cotton.

=kaḍanya= or =kaḍai=, Butyrospermum Parkii, Kotschy. (Sapotaceæ). Shea Butter Tree. _ḳwara_ = the kernel, used for production of the fat by boiling and skimming; _man kaḍai_ = shea butter used as food, as an illuminant, and as a vehicle for medicines. The soft fleshy part of the fruit is edible. (_hanchin kaḍai_, _vide_ =ḳanumfari=). _namijin kaḍai_, or _mijin kaḍai_ = Lophira alata, Banks. (Dipterocarpeæ). “Meni Oil Tree.” A tree with white flowers and foliage which resembles that of =kaḍanya=. Bark medicinal, and leaf a common ju-ju or charm amongst some pagan tribes. The tree is sometimes (erroneously) called “African Oak.” Syn. _kujeme_?

=kaḍanyar rafi= or =kaḍanyar kurumi=, Adina microcephala, Hiern. (Rubiaceæ); a large tree with spherical heads of flowers, found on the banks of streams. (In the Benué region the name _kaḍanyar kurumi_ or _kiriyar kurumi_ has been applied to a different hard-wooded forest-tree.)

=kadaura= (Kano, Zaria, &c.), Pardaniellia oliveri, Rolfe (= Daniellia thurifera, Bennett), (Leguminosæ). West African or Ilorin Copaiba Balsam Tree. Wood oil Tree. A large tree, the source of much of the West African copal. Syn. =maje= (Sok., &c.), _q.v._

=kaḍai=, _vide_ =kaḍanya=.

=ka fafogo=, Uapaca guineensis, Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceæ); a tree resembling a fig-tree, with broad shining leaves and yellowish ovoid fruit; sometimes an ingredient in arrow poison.

=ḳafar fakara=, or =ḳafar gauraka= (Sok. and Kats.), Chloris breviseta, Benth. (Gramineæ) (and C. virgata, Sw.). A grass about 2 feet high with radiating flower-spikes; seeds edible. Syn. =sawun gauraka= (Katagum &c.).

=ḳafar kaza= (Sok. and Zanf.), Ipomœa pterygocaulos, Hall fil. (Convolvulaceæ); a twiner with white flowers, winged stems and a divided leaf.

=ḳafar mutuwa=, Mallotus oppositifolius, Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceæ); a shrub growing on river-banks, with heart-shaped leaves used as a vermifuge.

=ka fi boka=, Ipomœa argentaurata, Hall fil. (Convolvulaceæ); a trailing convolvulus with whitish flowers and silvery hairy leaves. (Etym. from its use as a medicinal charm). Syn. =farin gammo=.

=ka fi malam=, Evolvulus alsinoides, Linn. (Convolvulaceæ). A small herb with pale blue flowers. (Etym. from its many uses as a medicine, love charm, &c.)

=ka fi rama= (Kano, &c.), Urena lobata, Linn. (Malvaceæ). An undershrub with pink flowers and bark yielding a fibre. Syn. =ramaniya= (Sok., Kats., &c.), _q.v._ _vide_ also under =garamani=.

=ḳafon baḍi= or =ḳ. batsi= (Kano), a plant eaten in famine at the end of the dry season. Probably some of the tuberous Asclepiads or “Milkweeds” and others related, e.g. Cryptolepis nigritana, N.E. Br. (Apocynaceæ), an erect slender-branched undershrub with milky juice and a thickened root, is so named.

=ḳaguwa= (Kano and East), or =aguwa= (Sok., Kats., &c.), Euphorbia sepium, N.E. Br.; a variety of “Milk Hedge,” a shrub with milky juice, planted as a hedge; very common in the north; (different from =fidda sartsi=, _q.v._). Syn. =aliyara= (Gobir); =waiyaro= (Katagum). Used medicinally chiefly for horses.

=ḳaidaji= (Kano), =ḳardaji= (Sok.), Mimosa asperata, Linn. (Leguminosæ). A thorny mimosa abundant on river-banks with pinkish balls of flowers and slightly sensitive leaves. (Etym. a corruption of _ḳaya da jini_). In Sokoto sometimes spoken of as =gumbi=, _q.v._

=ḳaidajin ruwa=, Æschynome crassicaulis, Harms. (Leguminosæ); a trailing water-plant with pinnate leaves and yellow flowers, on the surface of pools or muddy swamps. ?Syn. =innuwar tufi= (Sok.), _q.v._ and =yaron kogi= (Katagum).

=ḳaiḳai=, Parinarium polyandrum, Benth. (Rosaceæ); a tree with bunches of purple grape-like fruit; (scarcely distinct in Hausa from =rura=, _q.v._).

=ḳaiḳai ḳoma ḳan mashikiya=, Indigofera astragalina, DC. (Leguminosæ); an erect hairy weed, used as a medicinal charm against poison and other injury. (Etym. “Oh chaff, return upon the winnower”!—intended injury returning to the evildoer’s hurt).

=kaikwaiyo=, _vide_ under =aduwa=.

=ḳaimin ḳadangare=, Achryanthes aspera, Linn. (Amaranthaceæ). A weed with reflexed sharply spiked flowers. Syn. =haḳorin machiji=, _q.v._

=kain ḅarawo= or =kain mutum=, Leonotis pallida, Benth. (Labiatæ). A tall herb with large globular whorls of flowers. Syn. =tsikar sabra= or =tsikar gida= (Sok.).

=kain fakara=, Cucumis Prophetarum, Linn. (Cucurbitaceæ). A ground trailer with striped gooseberry-like fruit, covered with soft prickles. Used medicinally. Syn. =kanchekulkul= (Kano, Kats. and East), and =ya manya= (Sok.).

=kain mutum=, _vide_ =kain ḅarawo=.

=kai nuwa=, Pistia Stratiotes, Linn. (Aroideæ). “Water Lettuce.” A floating plant filling stagnant pools.

=kaiwa= (Sok.), or =kanya= (Kano), Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. (Ebenaceæ). African Ebony Tree or Monkey Guava. A tree with very dark foliage and bark; the yellowish fruit with a brittle rind is edible and used for making _maḍi_.

=kajiji= (Kanuri), Cyperus articulatus, Linn. A sedge with fragrant tuberous root, wild and cultivated in Bornu, &c., much used as a perfume for clothing, &c., and as a medicine.

_kajiji ḍan Tunuga_, Cyperus sp. A sedge with a fragrant tuber similarly used. (_Tunuga_ = a town in French Borgu). Other varieties of false _kajiji_ are species of Cyperus with fragrant roots. _vide_ =gizgiri=.

=kajinjiri=, a small species of palm; _vide_ =dabinon biri=.

=kaka biyu=, a var. of bean; _vide_ under =wake=.

=kaka= or (=yaya=) =kai ka fitto=, Sida linifolia, Cav. (Malvaceæ). A weed with hard stem. (Etym. from growing in hard soil; probably used for several different plants).

=ka ḳi ganinbila=, _vide_ under =hana gobara= and =dali=.

=ka ḳi ruwan Allah=, _vide_ =kwarko=.

=ka ḳi zuwa Hausa=, Costus afer, Ker. (Scitamineæ); a plant of the ginger family found in shaded ravines. (Etym. because supposed not to grow in Hausaland).

=kakuma=, a grass of marshes and river-banks; used to form tie-tie for _zana_, &c.

=kalangon daji=, a tree with large 4-angled pods. ?Tetrapleura sp. _cf._ =dawo= and =sandan mayu=.

=kalgo=, _vide_ =kargo=.

=kaluwa= = seeds of =ḍorowa=, _q.v._

=kama=, a tuber, somewhat like =risga=, planted in marshy ground; (different from =gwaza= and =tumuku=).

=kamu mowa=, Grewia sp. (Tiliaceæ); a shrub with small yellow flowers and sweet berries. Syn. =gurdugu= and ?=kimbar dutsi=.

=kana kana= (Sok. and Zanf.), Paullinia pinnata, Linn. (Sapindaceæ). A woody twiner with white flowers and scarlet capsular fruit; stems used as _tanka_ for houses and fences, &c.; (perhaps included also under =gwoḍeyi=, _q.v._).

=ka nannaḍe= (Kano), =ka nannaḍo= (Sok. Kats. and Gobir), a var. of bean with curled pods, used as food; the beans are small but broad, with pale brown speckling.

=kanawa=, a var. of cotton; _vide_ under =abduga=.

=kanchekulkul= (Kano, Kats., &c.), Cucumis Prophetarum, Linn. (Cucurbitaceæ); _vide_ =kain fakara=.

=kandari=, Terminalia macroptera, G. et P. (Combretaceæ); a large tree with flat-winged and embossed fruits; (very similar to =baushe=, _q.v._ but a different species).

=kanju=, coast Hausa for Cashew, Anacardium occidentale.

=kankami= = the withered fronds of any palm, burnt by pagans in several districts (e.g. Fogha), to extract a sort of inferior salt.

=kankana=, water-melon; _vide_ under =guna=.

=kansuwa=, a grass; _vide_ =kyasuwa=.

=ḳanumfari= = cloves, the flower-buds of Eugenia caryophyllata, Thunb. (Myrtaceæ); brought from the north. Called also _hanchin kaḍai_, from the resemblance to the peduncle of the shea fruit. (Etym. Arab. _karanfal_).

=kanya= (Kano), or =kaiwa= (Sok.), _q.v._ Diospyros mespiliformis, Hochst. (Ebenaceæ). “African Ebony Tree.”

=ḳarama anta=, Withania somnifera, Dunal. (Solanaceæ). A shrub sometimes planted near houses, with small red berries within an inflated calyx (like the Cape Gooseberry); used medicinally.

=ḳarama mowa= (Sok. and Kats.). A wild var. of =rama=, _q.v._ Hibiscus cannabinus, Linn. (Malvaceæ). A tall plant chiefly of damp places, having large yellow flowers with a purple centre (similar to =rama=) and a harsh almost prickly surface. (Etym. “little beloved,” said to be from the spicular pubescence which clings to the clothing). Synonyms of the same or allied varieties are:—_ramar rafi_, _ramar ruwa_, _yakuwar daji_, _yakuwar kwaḍi_, _yakuwar ḳaimamowa_, _yakuwar ḳaya_, &c.

=karan dafi= = the red leaf-sheaths of a var. of Sorghum (_vide_ =dawa=), used chiefly as a dye for leather.

=ḳarangiya=, Cenchrus catharticus, Del. (Gramineæ). Prickly bur grass. A good fodder; seeds edible. =ḳarangiya gumba=, the uncooked seeds pounded and eaten raw, or prepared as _fura_.

=ḳarangiyar kusu= (Kano), or =maḍaḍafin kusu= (Sok.), Cyathula prostrata, Blume (Amaranthaceæ). A luxuriant weed of waste places, with a prickly bur. Also called =tsatsarar ḅera=, _q.v._

=karani=, Digitaria Guyana, Kunth. a pale grass with white silvery flowering spikes; also called =Ba-Fillatani=, _q.v._ Syn. ?=gaji= (Sok.). _vide_ =darambuwa=.