Chapter 10

=56=, 25. =rúbrica=. The _rúbrica_ is the characteristic flourish that accompanies almost every Spanish signature; it has always been regarded as highly important as an attest of genuineness, much as the seal in other countries. So _firma y rúbrica_ would be practically equivalent to _hand and seal_.

=57=, 5. =con más pelos y señales=: _With more hairs and moles_; i. e., "in greater detail."

=57=, 18. =¡Qué burra ni qué demontre!= _What the deuce do you want with a burra!_

=60=, 6. =pajarraco=. The suffix _aco_ (more usually _ajo_ or _acho_) suggests at once large size and ill-favoredness--hideousness.

=62=, _tit._ XVII. =Alcalde de Monterilla=. The _monterilla_ is a small cloth cap worn by peasants. Its use here is to denote a person whose only distinction is his office, as we speak of a beggar on horseback. A "jay-alcalde" would be a fairly accurate rendering of the idea.

=64=, 25. =de profundis=: The first words of the vulgate version of the 129 (130th) Psalm, _De profundis clamavi ad te Domine,_ etc., used in the Catholic Church as a prayer for the souls of the dead.

=64=, 29. =pro=. This word is now more usually masculine. [p. 149]

=66=, _tit._ XIX. =Voces clamantes in deserto.= _Voices crying in the wilderness_; compare Matthew iii, 3, Isaiah xl, 3.

=66=, 1. =que soy de Archena=. Archena is a town of the old kingdom of Murcia, on the Segura, about sixteen miles northwest of Murcia. Its introduction here by Uncle Lucas has only the significance of native local pride. Compare the expression current in the United States at the present day: "I'm from Missouri; I want to be shown." For the rest of the line and for a speech analogous in spirit, see Don Quijote's outbreak in Chapter XVII of the Second part: "_¿leoncitos a mí?_ _¿a mí leoncitos, y a tales horas?_" etc.

=69=, 7. =deliberada y voluntariamente=: note the omission of the adverbial suffix. Cf. _despertar y vestirse_, =87=, 9.

=70=, 12. =había=, impersonal, as proved by _colgadas_ following. _Colgadas_, adjective-participle, _hanging_.

=70=, 20. =reo en capilla=. Persons under death-sentence in Spain have the regular attendance of priests, and are confined in a cell specially arranged for religious services, whence the name _capilla_. The _hopa_ is a black cassock or robe worn by the criminal at execution.

=79=, 9. =¡Santos y Santas!= _Saints and Saintesses_, though effective, is scarcely English: "male and female saints" obviously will not do. We are constrained to twist the text a bit and translate: _Saints of heaven!_ or better, _Saints and angels of heaven!_

=79=, 12. =a mí ¿qué?= _What is it to me?_ _What is that to me?_ _What do I care?_

=80=, 3. =cachorrillos=. The _cachorrillo_ is a very small pocket-pistol, something on the bulldog order. The name is descriptive, being a diminutive of _cachorro_, "puppy."

=81=, 22. =esta es la más negra=: elliptical construction; sc. _cosa_.

=82=, 10. =maula=. The word is regularly feminine. The short form of the article here is Garduña's carelessness of speech.

=82=, 15. =talonazo= is a backward kick or dig with the heel; _puntapié_ a forward kick with the toe.

=83=, 17. =lo que te dices=, trans.: _what you are saying_. The reflexive pronoun is used colloquially as implying the suggestion of astonishment and warning in the hearer, impertinence in the (first) speaker. [p. 150] Syntactically it seems simply expletive, as also in _se anda_, =57=, 19, and elsewhere (_sp_. =105=, 30). In _andarse_ the influence of _irse_ is apparent.

=86=, 5. =si será, si será=: for classification of uses of _si_, cf. vocabulary.

=86=, 19. =un alfiler de a ochavo=. _A farthing pin._ The preposition _de_ really qualifies the distributive expression _a ochavo_ which itself stands for "los que se venden" or "se compran a ochavo el uno," or some equivalent phrase.

=87=, 2. =mona=. Cf. the German _Affe_, in like sense.

=87=, 14. =téngalas=; sc. _noches_.

=88=, 3. _esta su casa_. The Spanish form of courtesy. A welcome visitor is always in _his own house_.

=89=, 4. The expletive use of the name of the Virgin, as of others in Spanish, is well known; it may be general or with some suggestion of personal attribute, as the _Purísima_ of =38=, 20; or it may be, as here, with reference to some particular image or shrine. The same thing is true of the use of Mary as a given name in baptism; and the curious Spanish names Carmen, Dolores, Concepción, Pilar and so on, are simply the shortened form of María del Carmen, María de los Dolores, etc.

=89=, 19. =bueno=, as in the vocabulary, or _he is in a pretty fix_. Cf. use of _bueno_, "well," "healthy."

=89=, 21. =Pardo=, a royal country seat on the Manzanares, about six miles from Madrid. It was built by Charles I (Charles V), increased by Charles III, and was long a favorite shooting-box, with extensive preserves.

=89=, 24. =Pedro el Cruel=. Pedro I, King of Castile and Leon, born about 1334, succeeded his father, Alfonso XI, in 1350; killed by his half-brother, Henry of Trastamara, in 1369; called also Pedro el Justiciero. Intimately associated in history with the Black Prince, John of Gaunt, and Bertrand Duguesclin.

=91=, 4. =que venga a preguntar=: _should it come to ask_. The subjunctive may be taken as a condensed conditional construction, or as characteristic; in either case it is a subjunctive of result: _if so be it should come_, _in case it should come_, or _should it be of such a kind as to come_. [p. 151]

=91=, 8, 9. =¡caza mayor!--¡mayúscula!= _big game!--game with a big G.!_

=91=, 28. =¡Guarda, Pablo!= Expression denoting at once surprise and the recognition of need for caution. Translate, _Hold on, fellows!_ _Easy there!_ _Go slow, Johnny!_ or something of the sort.

=95=, 17. =albarca.= The more usual form of the word is _abarca_. It is the roughest kind of a sandal, a simple rawhide sole, with straps covering two of the toes and fastening about the instep and ankle. The _abarca_ is very old in Spain: it is mentioned in the General Chronicle of Alfonso the Learned, ed. 1541, folio cclxii verso, and at least one King of Navarre, Sancho Abarca (905-927), had his surname from the use of it among his followers.

=98=, 25. =¡Dale, bola!= A very familiar expression, denoting the irritation or disgust experienced at hearing a thing much repeated. See vocabulary, _bola_.

=100=, _tit._ XXIX. =Post nubila... Diana=: _After storm-clouds, moonlight_.

=100=, 5. =balcón.= The Spanish _balcón_ is not always, or indeed usually, a balcony in the English sense of the word. What is generally to be understood is a window with a railing upon which one may lean, either with or without a very slight projection beyond the wall of the house.

=102=, 26. =había moros en la costa.= The expression dates from the time when raids by the Moorish pirates of North Africa were frequent on the eastern and southern coasts of Spain. It has been generalized to signify the nearly impending, and is of frequent use.

=105=, 5. =mantilla=: shawl or scarf worn as a head-covering by women of Spanish countries. There are many different kinds of _mantillas_. Those worn in the cities are usually of lace, while in the country they are frequently of other materials. The one here spoken of is evidently of flannel covered with a mesh of chenille and bordered with a fringe of balls of the same.

=107=, 17. =me= is dative of interest.

=115=, 28. =harina de otro costal=: _flour from a different sack_; i. e., another matter, another story, a horse of a different color, another pair of sleeves. Note that the miller's wife went to the mill for her figure. [p. 152]

=117=, 8. =cuarto estado=, _the Fourth Estate_, i. e., the laborers and serving-classes, the proletariat, as distinguished from the Third Estate, the Commons.

=119=, 10. =arrimó una bofetada=: _handed him a blow_.

=120=, 6. =San Simón y San Judas.= The feast-day of St. Simon and St. Jude, Apostles, is October 28th. Simon Zelotes the Canaanite, and Judas, also called Thaddeus, are mentioned among the disciples of Jesus, Matthew x, 3, Mark iii, 18, Luke vi, 16; and again, Acts i, 13. For a curious account of their lives and martyrdom, see Jacobus a Voragine, _Legenda aurea_, Cap. CLIX (154), ed. Graesse, Breslau, 1890, or the Temple reprint of Caxton's translation of the same work, London, Dent, 1900 (vol. VI, pp. 72 sqq.). The night of St. Simon and St. Jude is in Spain what St. John's Eve (June 23) is in most of the rest of Europe, the season when ghosts, goblins and fairies are busiest. Compare =86=, 10-12.

=121=, 6. =Anteo.= Antæus, a giant, son of Poseidon and Gaia. He was invincible as long as he was on the ground, receiving added strength from the Earth, his mother, at every contact. He was killed by Hercules, who held him in the air and strangled him.

=121=, 8. =énfasis.= This word, originally feminine, has become common, and is now more often found masculine.

=122=, 19. =la pompa=, "the peacock's tail," "the cheese." The name is taken from the puffed circle made on the floor by the performer's skirts at the lowest point of the courtesy.

=124=, 20. =Solán de Cabras=: thermal bath at Beteta in the province of Cuenca, about eighty miles eastward from Madrid. The Springs have been known since the sixteenth century, when herdsmen found goats "suffering with cutaneous complaints" bathing in the waters. Hence the name.

=126=, 5. =arroba=, in dry measure twenty-five pounds; as liquid measure, varies in different provinces.

=126=, 10. =Guerra de la Independencia.= The Peninsular War, 1808-1814, between England, Spain, Portugal and France. It resulted in the expulsion of the French from the Peninsula.

=126=, 17. =mariscal francés.= In the first edition, General Sebastiani is named. [p. 153]

=126=, 28. =Baza=: town of province of Granada, fifty-seven miles northeast of Granada, an important Moorish city, taken by Isabella the Catholic after a seven months' siege, December 4, 1489. The French under Marshal Soult defeated the Spaniards here August 10, 1810.

=127=, 6 sqq. The Constitution of Cadiz was adopted in 1812, suspended at the restoration of Ferdinand VII in 1814, accepted by him after Riego's successful rising in 1820, and abrogated with the fall of the Liberals after the French siege of Cadiz in 1823. Ferdinand VII, _el Rey Absoluto_, died September 29, 1833.

=127=, 10. The first Carlist War, ended by the Treaty of Vergara, August 31, 1839. [p. 155]

VOCABULARY [p. 156]

ABBREVIATIONS

_acc._, accusative. _adj._, adjective. _adv._, adverb. _ant._, antonym. _art._, article. _aux._, auxiliary. _dat._, dative. _dem._, demonstrative. _dim._, diminutive. _f._, feminine. _fig._, figurative. _imp._, impersonal. _interj._, interjection. _int._, interrogative. _m._, masculine. _neut._, neuter. _n. pr._, proper noun. _num._, numeral. _part._, participle. _pass._, passive. _poss._, possessive. _pp._, past participle. _pres._, present. _pron._, pronoun. _rel._, relative. _resp._, respectively. _sp._, specially. _subs._, substantive. _trans._, translate. _v. a._, transitive verb. _v. n._, neuter verb. _v. refl._, reflexive verb.

VOCABULARY

==>The heavy figures indicate the pages; the light figures the lines.

[Note of transcriber: there are not pages or line numbers in this version. Pplease see the HTML version for numbered lines and pages.]

=A=

=a=, _prep._, to, towards, at, by; _before personal objects is sign of acc., and is not translated_. _With infinitive_, if.

=abadesa=, _f._, abbess.

=abajo=, _adv._, below, downward. _cf._ =escalera=.

=abandonar=, _v. a._, to leave, to abandon, to desert; _v. refl._, =--se=, to yield, to give oneself up, to abandon oneself.

=abanicar=, _v. a._, to fan.

=abeja=, _f._, bee.

=abierto, ta=, _adj._, open.

=abismo=, _m._, abyss, chasm.

=ablandar=, _v. a._, to soften, =111=, 8.

=abochornarse=, _v. refl._, to blush.

=abogado=, _m._, lawyer, advocate.

=abonar=, _v. a._, to pay, =50=, 30; to warrant, to give security.

=abrazar=, _v. a._, to embrace; _pp._, =abrazado, da=, clinging to, pressed against, clasping, =111=, 13.

=abrazo=, _m._, embrace.

=abril=, _m._, April.

=abrir=, _v. a._, to open.

=absolutismo=, _m._, absolutism, =25=, 5.

=absoluto, ta=, _adj._, absolute, unlimited. _cf._ =licencia=.

=absurdo, da=, _adj._, absurd.

=abuelo=, _m._, grandfather; _pl._ =abuelos=, grandparents, ancestors.

=abusar=, _v. n._, =-- de=, to abuse, to take advantage of.

=abuso=, _m._, abuse, ill-custom.

=acá=, _adv._, here, hither; =por --=, hither, this way.

=acabar=, _v. a._, to complete, to finish, to achieve, to end; =--de hacer una cosa=, to have just done a thing; =-- por hacer una cosa=, to end by doing a thing, to do a thing at last, _v. n._, to end, to come to an end; =--se=, _v. refl._, to come to an end.

=Académico=, _m._, academician; =-- correspondiente de la Historia=, corresponding member of the Academy of History; _see note to_ =13=, 24.

=acariciar=, _v. a._, to caress.

=acaso=, _conj._, perhaps, perchance.

=acaudalado, da=, _adj._, wealthy.

=accidental=, _adj._, incidental, =3=, 23.

=acción=, _f._, action.

=aceite=, _m._, oil; =pan de --=, _see note to_ =44=, 17.

=acento=, _m._, accent, tone.

=acentuar=, _v. a._, to mark, =110=, 10.

=acepto, ta=, _adj._, agreeable, welcome, acceptable, =26=, 7.

=acequia=, _f._, watercourse, =77=, 23.

=acercarse=, _v. refl._, to approach, to draw near.

=acero=, _m._, steel.

=acertar=, _v. n._, to hit it right, to be right, =31=, 3; to manage, to succeed, =121=, 17.

=acomodar=, _v. a._, to suit, to please, =120=, 1.

=acompañante=, _m._, companion, escort, =100=, 12.

=acompañar=, _v. a._, to accompany.

=aconsejar=, _v. a._, to counsel, to advise.

=acontecer=, _v. n._, to happen.

=acordarse=, _v. refl._, to remember.

=acostar=, _v. a._, to put to bed, =115=, 8; =--se=, _v. refl._, to lie down, to go to bed.

=acostumbrado, da=, _adj._, accustomed, used.

=actitud=, _f._, attitude, posture, gesture.

=actividad=, _f._, activity, action, =35=, 23.

=acto=, _m._, act; =en el --=, forthwith, immediately.

=actual=, _adj._, present, =36=, 18.

=acueducto=, _m._, aqueduct, conduit, =20=, 18.

=acuerdo=, _m._, agreement, consent, =36=, 22, accord, =49=, 28; =estar de --=, =49=, 5, to be in accord, to be of one mind, to be agreed.

=acusar=, _v. a._, to accuse.

=adecuado, da=, _adj._, appropriate, pat, =43=, 8.

=adelantarse=, _v. refl._, to advance.

=adelante=, _adv._, forwards, before; =hacia --=, forward, forwards, =35=, 19; =más --=, farther on.

=ademán=, _m._, gesture, bearing, =125=, 24.

=además=, _adv._, besides, moreover.

=además de=, _prep._, besides, =26=, 15.

=adiós=, _m._, farewell, =59=, 15.

=adivinar=, _v. a. and n._, to guess, to divine.

=administrar=, _v. a._, to administer, =42=, 7.

=admirable=, _adj._, admirable.

=admirablemente=, _adv._, admirably, excellently.

=admiración=, _f._, admiration.

=admirar=, _v. a._, to admire, =2=, 22.

=admitir=, _v. a._, to admit, =23=, 4; to consent; to accept. [p. 159]

=adonde=, _adv._, where, whither.

=¿adónde?= _adv. int._, where? whither?

=adoptar=, _v. a._, to adopt.

=adorar=, _v. a._, to adore, to worship.

=adorno=, _m._, adornment, ornament, decoration.

=adquirir=, _v. a._, to acquire.

=adversario=, _m._, adversary, =79=, 31.

=advertir=, _v. a._, to notice, to note, =35=, 3, =102=, 5; to inform, =51=, 9; to warn, =56=, 19.

=afable=, _adj._, affable.

=afablemente=, _adv._, affably, pleasantly, kindly.

=afán=, _m._, labour, effort.

=afanado, da=, _adj._, suffering, hard-working, overworked, =116=, 22.

=afectar=, _v. a._, to affect, to feign, to make show of, =40=, 13.

=afecto=, _m._, affection, passion, desire.

=afectuoso, sa=, _adj._, affectionate, gentle, =104=, 16.

=aficionado, da=, _adj._, devoted (to), fond (of).

=afilado, da=, _adj._, (_part._ =afilar=), slender, =16=, 10.

=afligir=, _v. a._, to afflict; _part._, =afligido, da=, as _adj._, =77=, 6.

=afrancesado, da=, _adj._, like the French, Frenchified, =13=, 9; partisan of the French, =126=, 25; _see note to_ =13=, 9.

=afrenta=, _f._, affront, dishonor, outrage, =119=, 28.

=afuera=, _adv._, without, outside.

=agacharse=, _v. refl._, to stoop, to squat, to crouch, =73=, 20; to bend, to bow, =122=, 17.

=agarrar=, _v. a._, to catch hold, hold tight; =estoy bien agarrado=, =30=, 14, I have a good hold; to pick up (_of a chair_), =35=, 15; to get hold of, =49=, 3.

=agasajar=, _v. a._, to entertain hospitably, to pamper, =11=, 22.

=agasajo=, _m._, caress, =19=, 18.

=ágil=, _adj._, spry, agile.

=agilísimo, ma=, _adj._, very spry, very agile, =26=, 29.

=agitar=, _v. a._, to agitate, to trouble, to quicken.

=agotar=, _v. a._, to exhaust, =81=, 14.

=agradable=, _adj._, agreeable.

=agradar=, _v. n._, to please, to charm, =22=, 10.

=agravio=, _m._, insult, =109=, 12.

=agregar=, _v. a._, to add, =39=, 24.

=agrupar=, _v. a._, to group; _part._, =agrupado, da=, _as adj._, =107=, 13.

=agua=, _f._, water, =-- potable=, drinking-water, =20=, 30; =la bocha hecha un --=, his mouth watering, =40=, 16.

=aguantarse=, _v. refl._, to be patient, to keep oneself in hand, =32=, 26.

=aguardar=, _v. a._, to await, to wait for. [p. 160]

=agüero=, _m._, omen, augury (_tit._ XVI).

=águila=, _f._, eagle.

=¡ah!= _interj._, ah! =32=, 19.

=ahí=, _adv._, here; =hasta --=, thus far, =49=, 5; =de --=, from here, =63=, 14; there, =80=, 29.

=ahogar=, _v. a._, to stifle, to smother, =116=, 14; =--se=, _v. refl._, to drown, to be drowning, =115=, 9; to smother, to be smothering, =70=, 17.

=ahora=, _adv._, now, at present; =-- mismo=, in this very minute. =123=, 7; =por --=, for the present, for the time being, =77=, 1.

=ahorcar=, _v. a._, to hang; to hang up, =15=, 10.

=ahorrar=, _v. a._, =ahorrarse=, _v. refl._, to save, to save up, to hoard, =11=, 21.

=aire=, _m._, air; =los aires=, air, upper air, =38=, 27.

=ajeno, na=, _adj._, another's; of, belonging to another.

=ajustar=, _v. a._, to adjust, to settle.

=al=, _prep. and art._, =a el=.

=ala=, _f._, wing; =tener alas=, to have freedom, license, assurance, standing, =117=, 10.

=alabastrino, na=, _adj._, alabaster, alabastrine.

=alambre=, _m._, wire; =patas de --=, spindle-shanks, =60=, 12.

=alargar=, _v. a._, to pass, to hand; to bring; to hold out, to extend.

=alba=, _f._, dawn, =124=, 1.

=albañil=, _m._, mason, =20=, 9.

=albarca=, _f._, (_more usual form_ =abarca=), _a rough sort of_ shoe _or_ sandal; _see note to_ =95=, 17.

=alcabala=, _f._, excise, _see note to_ =6=, 28.

=alcahuete=, _m._, pander, procurer, =68=, 2.

=alcalde=, _m._, mayor; =-- de monterilla=, _see_ =monterilla=, _and note to tit._ XVII.

=alcaldesa=, _f._, mayoress, mayor's wife, wife of alcalde, =89=, 26.

=alcance=, _m._, reach, =43=, 4.

=alcanzar=, _v. a._, to reach, to attain; to extend, to succeed, to reach, =73=, 22; to overtake.

=alcoba=, _f._, bedroom, bedchamber.

=alcurnia=, _f._, race, lineage, family.

=aldaba=, _f._, handle; knocker, =47=, 20; =tener buenas aldabas=, =36=, 20, to have a good "pull."

=aldabón=, _m._, knocker (_large_), =97=, 10.

=aldea=, _f._, hamlet (_small village_, _large farm_), =3=, 16.

=aleccionar=, _v. a._, to instruct, =120=, 2.

=alegrar=, _v. a._, to rejoice, to make glad, to give pleasure to, =13=, 21; =--se=, _v. refl._, to be glad, to be pleased, =31=, 11; to rejoice, to be glad, =116=, 11. [p. 161]

=alegre=, _adj._, joyous, cheerful, merry, happy.

=alegremente=, _adv._, joyously, =64=, 24.

=alegría=, _f._, joy, joyousness, cheerfulness; informality, openness, gayness, =19=, 8.

=Alemania=, _f. n. pr._, Germany.

=alepín=, _m._, bombazine, =101=, 10.

=alfiler=, _m._, pin.

=algo=, _neuter_, something, somewhat, a little; =para --=, =85=, 19, not for nothing.

=alguacil=, _m._, bailiff, constable.

=alguien=, _pron._, anybody, somebody.

=alguno, na=, _pron. adj._, (=algún=), some, some or other; =-- que otro=, one or another, occasionally one, =40=, 9; =algunas veces=, sometimes, =10=, 6; =... --=, any whatever, =56=, 19.

=alimaña=, _f._, scum, rabble, =126=, 14.

=alimento=, _m._, food, =71=, 23.

=alma=, _f._, soul; =de mi --=, =32=, 17, beloved.

=almagre=, _m._, ochre, =25=, 8.

=almendra=, _f._, almond.

=almohada=, _f._, pillow, cushion.

=almohadón=, _m._, pillow, large cushion, =2=, 22.

=almorzar=, _v. a._, =8=, 5, to breakfast on, to eat for breakfast.

=almuerzo=, _m._, breakfast, luncheon, =81=, 1; _see note to_ =8=, 5.

=alpargata=, _f._, _see note to_ =23=, 6.

=alpujarreño, ña=, _adj._, of or from Alpujarras.

=alrededor de=, _prep._, around, =70=, 13.

=alternado, da=, _adj._, alternate.

=alto, ta=, =adj.=, high, tall; =77=, 19, deep; =125=, 5, high, exalted; =en alta voz=, =58=, 21, aloud; =en --=, =84=, 7, aloft; =lo --=, _neuter_, the top, =16=, 7, =25=, 13.

=altura=, _f._, height.

=aludir=, _v. n._, to allude.

=alumbrado=, _m._, lighting, =45=, 13.

=alumbrar=, _v. a._, to light, to illuminate, to show a light, =45=, 18, =55=, 30, =64=, 18.

=alzarse=, _v. refl._, to rise.

=allá=, _adv._, there, thither, yonder; =¡-- ellos!= =29=, 5, that's their business.

=allende=, _prep._, beyond, =6=, 15.

=allí=, _adv._, there, yonder; =por --=, yonder, =32=, 23.

=ama=, _f._, mistress; =-- de leche=, =98=, 4, wet nurse.

=amable=, _adj._, kind, good, =59=, 4.

=amanecer=, _v. n._, to dawn.

=amanecer=, _m._, daybreak, dawn, =52=, 28.

=amansarse=, _v. refl._, to become mild, to grow mild, to grow gentle; to be pacified, =49=, 18. [p. 162]

=amante=, _m._, lover, =93=, 19.

=amar=, _v. a._, to love.

=amargura=, _f._, bitterness.

=amarillento, ta=, _adj._, yellowish, growing yellow, =101=, 11.

=amarillo, lla=, _adj._, yellow.

=amasar=, _v. a._, to knead, to bake, =20=, 3.

=ambos, bas=, _adj._, both.

=amenaza=, _f._, threat.

=amenizar=, _v. a._, to adorn, to make charming, =14=, 29.

=amiga=, _f._, friend, =114=, 27.

=amigo, ga=, _adj._, fond (of), =51=, 1, friendly.

=amigo=, _m._, friend.

=amistoso, sa=, _adj._, friendly, =62=, 22.

=amo=, _m._, master; _pl._, =--s=, =45=, 18, master and mistress.

=amor=, _m._, love; =al -- de la lumbre=, =11=, 7, in the glow of the fire.

=amoroso, sa=, _adj._, amorous, loving; =estratagema amorosa=, =61=, 1, love-stratagem.

=amparar=, _v. a._, to protect.

=amparo=, _m._, protection; defence, refuge, =110=, 30.

=Ana, Santa --=, _f. npr._, St. Anne.

=anciano=, _m._, old man, =81=, 15.

=ancho, cha=, adj., wide, broad; =a sus anchas=, =13=, 5, at their ease, at their leisure.

=andadas=, _f. pl._, traces, tracks of game; _see note to_ =9=, 10.

=Andalucía=, _f. npr._, Andalusia.

=andaluz=, _adj._, Andalusian.

=andar=, _v. n._, to go to walk; to be; _part._, =andando=, =97=, 4, on foot; =vamos andando=, =89=, 18, let's be getting along, let's be making haste.

=andarín=, _m._, fast walker, nimble fellow, =85=, 10, =85=, 29.

=anfitrión=, _m._, host.

=ángel=, _m._, angel.

=angosto, ta=, _adj._, narrow; tight, close-fitting, scant, =41=, 12.

=angustia=, _f._, anguish.

=angustiado, da=, _adj._, heart-broken, =93=, 8.

=anillo=, _m._, ring.

=animación=, _f._, animation, liveliness.

=animado, da=, _adj._, living, animated.

=animal=, _m._, animal, =13=, 22.

=Ánimas=, _fpl._, the tolling of a bell, to announce prayers for souls in purgatory; usually shortly after sunset. _See note to_ =8=, 14.

=anoche=, _adv._, last night.

=ansiar=, _v. a._, to long for, to desire, =34=, 13.

=ante=, _prep._, before, in the presence of.

=antecesor=, _m._, predecessor.

=Antecristo=, _m._, Antichrist.

=Anteo=, _m. npr._, Antaeus.

=anterior=, _adj._, preceding, =15=, 5.

=antes=, _adv._, before, beforehand; sooner, the sooner, =47=, 5; rather.

=antes de=, _prep._, before.

=antes de que=, _conj._, before, =60=, 13, =93=, 14.

=antes que=, _conj._, before; rather than, =69=, 16.

=anticipación=, _f._, anticipation; =habían llegado con bastante --=, =45=, 4, had arrived considerably ahead, before.

=anticiparse=, _v. refl._, to forestall, =108=, 21.