Part 4

Holders of one-way or excursion tickets to Pacific Coast, or to Yellowstone Park, via the Union Pacific System, may obtain stopover at Salt Lake City, whence a low side-trip excursion fare is in effect during the season for Southern Utah visitors. Or if the through ticket is to or from Southern California via Union Pacific System, stopover may be made at Lund, Utah, whence there is also a low side-trip excursion fare to Cedar City, only thirty-two miles from Lund.

Baggage

Baggage must not be checked beyond Cedar City. The automobiles of the Utah Parks Co. will carry not to exceed forty pounds of hand baggage free.

Storage charges will be waived on baggage left at Union Pacific System stations, Salt Lake City, Ogden, Lund, Cedar City, and Los Angeles, by passengers making any of the tours of the Utah Parks Co. from Cedar City.

What To Wear

Warm clothing should be worn and one should be prepared for the sudden changes of temperature common at elevations of from 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Medium weight overcoats, jackets or sweaters should be taken. Outing clothes, including riding breeches, stout shoes and puttees, or boots, and serviceable gloves will add to the comfort of men and women who wish to ride horseback, tramp or climb. Bring your camera. Field glasses are useful.

Accommodations

CEDAR CITY--El Escalante Hotel, operated by the Union Pacific System, is a new, modern, commodious brick hotel, first class in all its appointments and service. Rates, without bath, $1.50 to $2.50 per day for one person, and $2.50 to $4.00 per day for two persons; with bath $3.00 to $4.00 per day for one person and $5.00 to $6.00 per day for two persons. Meals a la carte at reasonable rates.

ZION NATIONAL PARK--A handsome lodge operated by the Utah Parks Co. during the Park season affords comfortable accommodations at following rates: breakfast $1.00; lunch $1.25; dinner $1.50; lodging $1.75. American plan rate per day $5.50.

BRYCE CANYON--The attractive, comfortable lodge situated near the rim of the Canyon is operated by the Utah Parks Co.: breakfast $1.00; lunch $1.25; dinner $1.50; lodging $1.75. American plan rate per day $5.50.

GRAND CANYON (NORTH RIM)--Bright Angel “Wylie” Camp (operated by Mrs. Elizabeth McKee), situated near Bright Angel Point within the boundaries of the Grand Canyon National Park, has the following rates: breakfast $1.50; lunch $1.50; dinner $1.50; lodging $1.50. American plan rate per day $6.00.

V. T. PARK--A camp in the Kaibab National Forest (operated by W. S. Rust), en route to, and about eighteen miles from, Bright Angel Point, Grand Canyon, is known as the V. T. Park Tourist Ranch: breakfast $1.00; lunch $1.25; dinner $1.25; lodging $1.50. American plan rate per day $5.00.

Saddle Horses and Guides

Saddle horses and competent guides are available for all of the interesting trail trips at reasonable rates approved by the United States National Park Service.

AT ZION PARK (FLOOR OF CANYON) AND AT BRYCE (ON RIM)

_Rates per Person per Hour (or Fraction)_ Without Guide With Mounted Guide One Person $1.00 $3.00 Two Persons 1.00 1.50 Three Persons 1.00 1.00 _Rates per Person per Half Day, 4 Hours_ One Person $2.50 $7.50 Two Persons 2.50 3.75 Three Persons 2.50 2.50 _Rates per Person per Day, 8 Hours_ One Person $3.50 $8.50 Two Persons 3.50 5.25 Three Persons 3.50 3.50

AT ZION PARK (EAST OR WEST RIM) AND AT BRYCE (INTO CANYON)

_Rates per Person per Day (8 Hours) with Mounted Guide_ One Person $10.00 Two Persons 7.50 Three Persons 5.00

A half-day (4 hours) trip, with mounted guide, into Bryce Canyon is also available at following rates: one person, $9.00; two persons, $4.50 each; three or more persons, $3.00 each.

Saddle horses and guides are also available at V. T. Park Tourist Ranch in Kaibab Forest, and at Bright Angel “Wylie” Camp, North Rim of Grand Canyon, at reasonable rates approved by the Forest Service and the National Park Service, respectively.

Elevations

Feet Cedar City 5,750 Rim of Great Basin 5,500 Pine Valley Mountains 10,250 Toquerville 3,100 Floor of Zion Canyon 4,100 Summit of West Temple 7,650 Cedar Breaks (Rim) 10,300 Brian Head 11,300 Navajo Lake 9,500 Cedar Breaks Junction 7,000 Bryce Canyon (Rim) 8,000 Pipe Spring 5,000 Fredonia 4,700 V. T. Park Tourist Ranch 8,700 Bright Angel Camp (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 8,300 Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 8,153 Point Imperial (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 9,000 Cape Royal (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,876 Cape Final (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,919 Point Sublime (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,464 Kanab 4,925

Table of Distances

BY RAILROAD

Miles Salt Lake City, Utah, to Cedar City, Utah 275 Los Angeles, Calif., to Cedar City, Utah 574 Lund, Utah, to Cedar City, Utah 32.5

BY HIGHWAY

Cedar City to Toquerville 36.2 Cedar City to Zion National Park (Entrance) 62.1 Cedar City to Zion Lodge 64.8 Cedar City to Midway 19.9 Cedar City to Cedar Breaks Jctn 45 Cedar City to Cedar Breaks 23 Cedar City to Bryce Canyon National Monument 89 Cedar City to Pipe Spring National Monument 94.6 Cedar City to Fredonia 109.7 Cedar City to V. T. Park Tourist Ranch 165 Cedar City to Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon 200.8 National Park, via Zion National Park) Zion National Park to Pipe Spring 45 Zion National Park to Fredonia 60 Zion National Park to Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand 136 Canyon National Park) Cedar Breaks to Midway 3.1 Cedar Breaks to Navajo Lake 10.1 Cedar Breaks to Cedar Breaks Junction 28 Cedar Breaks to Red Canyon 56 Cedar Breaks to Bryce Canyon National Monument 70 Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon) to V. T. Park 18 Tourist Ranch Bright Angel Point to Fredonia 75.6 Bright Angel Point to Kanab 82.4 Bright Angel Point Cedar Breaks Jctn 123 Bright Angel Point to Bryce Canyon National Monument 164.2

BY TRAIL

Zion Lodge to Great White Throne 2 Zion Lodge to The Narrows 6 Zion Lodge to Summit of Angels Landing 2.5 Zion Lodge to Observation Point 12 Zion Lodge to West Rim 12 Zion Lodge to Ranger Station 5 Zion Lodge to Summit of Lady Mountain 2 Bryce Canyon Lodge to floor of Canyon and return 1 Bryce Canyon Lodge to Tropic 11 Bright Angel Camp to Bright Angel Point .5 Bright Angel Camp to Point Imperial 9 Bright Angel Camp to Cape Final 12 Bright Angel Camp to Cliff Spring 15 Bright Angel Camp to Cape Royal 16 Bright Angel Camp to Cliff Dweller Spring 1 Bright Angel Camp to Point Sublime 35 V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Point Imperial 22 V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Cape Final 25 V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Point Sublime 23

Stratified Rocks of Cedar Breaks, Bryce Canyon, Zion Canyon, Grand Canyon and Intermediate Regions

Rearranged and visualized principally from unpublished studies of Willis T. Lee, by courtesy of the National Parks Association.

These strata presumably were once continuous over the entire Plateau Region and the Grand Canyon. Many were much thicker than now, having been eroded during long periods when the surface was temporarily lifted above sea level. Altogether they may cover a creative period exceeding ninety million years. Strata are said to be unconformable when they do not lie in regular, parallel sequence.

Read table from bottom upward for historical sequence.

1.--FROM BRYCE CANYON TO THE GRAND CANYON RIM

Cedar Breaks, some 2,000 feet higher than Bryce Canyon, is eroded from similar formation to that at Bryce Canyon.

FORMATION PRESENT GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION DEPTH AGE (_Feet_) Basalt Bryce Sheets of very dark lava, resting unconformably upon the Pink Cliff below. Pink Cliff 500 Eocene ″ Richly colored shales, limestones and conglomerates, most of them red, and containing fossils. Cretaceous Rocks 3000 Upper Gray to buff sandstone and Cretaceous drab shales, alternating with occasional coal beds. McElmo Formation 800 Lower Shales and sandstones of many Cretaceous colors. Jurassic Rocks 600 Jurassic Drab shale, chocolate colored limestone and occasional gray gypsum beds. White Cliff 1000 Jurassic Zion White, cross-bedded sandstone. Modern geology considers the White and Vermilion Cliffs part of the same formation, but scenically they will always be distinguished. Vermilion Cliff 2000 Jurassic ″ Brilliant red, variegated, massive sandstone. Chinle Formation 350 Late Triassic ″ Mauve sandstone above, purple and red shale below. Shinarump 100 Late Triassic Brown, yellow and gray Conglomerate conglomerate and sandstone, celebrated for its petrified trees. Moenkopi 1600 Early Purple, yellowish-gray, dull Formation Triassic red and coffee-brown sandstones, in a great body of rich red shale. Contains a few layers of hard red, brown and gray limestone and some light-colored gypsum beds. Known also as the Belted Shales. Kaibab Limestone 1800 Late The same gray, massive Carboniferous limestone seen on the Rim of the Grand Canyon. The road from Cedar City to Zion Canyon runs over it for several miles.

II.--FROM THE GRAND CANYON RIM TO THE GRANITE GORGE

Kaibab Limestone 800 Late Grand Gray limestone formed in the Carboniferous Canyon sea, as indicated by many Carboniferous fossil shells. At the Grand Canyon it is the surface rock. In the Plateau Country to the north, it lies at the bottom of the series. Coconino 300 Carboniferous ″ Very massive, cross-bedded yellow sandstone. Supai Formation 1100 Carboniferous ″ Alternating red shale and red and brown sandstone, the latter forming low cliffs. This constitutes the greatest red body of the Canyon wall. Redwall Limestone 600 Carboniferous ″ Extremely hard blue or gray limestone, forming the greatest cliff of the Grand Canyon. It is stained a vivid red by the wash of the red Supai shales above. The cliff is a conspicuous feature of the Canyon everywhere. Missing Strata Devonian ″ During Devonian, Silurian and Silurian Ordovician times, extensive Ordovician strata were deposited upon the Cambrian rocks below, but were wholly eroded away during a long uplift period and the limestone known as the Red Wall was deposited on the Tonto during a succeeding period. Tonto Group 950 Cambrian ″ Olive green shale and limestone, forming the broad green floor of the Grand Canyon, through which winds the Granite Gorge. Unkar and Chuar Algonkian ″ Greenish sandstones, fine Groups known as quartzites and vividly red the Grand shales, once 13,000 feet Canyon Series thick, but here eroded away till they appear only in places. Granite Gorge 1200 Archean ″ Schists metamorphosed from sedentary rocks, and intruded igneous rocks.

Footnotes

[1]_A table of the geological formations is on pages 45 and 46._

[2]_These accommodations are not operated by the Utah Parks Company and the information given is subject to change._

Representatives of the Union Pacific System