Part 2

The automatic Hill Holder retains the same degree of braking effort on an upgrade as that applied by the driver in stopping _as long as the clutch pedal is depressed_. The Hill Holder does not operate on level or descending surfaces. However, the clutch must be depressed before releasing the brake pedal. This permits the right foot to be removed from the brake pedal to operate the accelerator when ready to resume forward motion. Releasing the clutch pedal releases the action of the Hill Holder.

To use the Hill Holder when stopping on an upgrade, depress the clutch pedal and then apply foot brakes. The right foot may now be removed from the brake pedal. To release Hill Holder action, release the clutch pedal.

_Hill Holder is special equipment for the Champion available at extra cost._

Studebaker Climatizer and Defroster

The Studebaker Climatizer is a fresh air heating and ventilating system. Fresh air passes through an air duct and then through the Climatizer heater core. The warmed air is discharged forward and rearward from below the front seat and spreads uniformly through the car interior.

The Climatizer heat output is thermostatically controlled so that you may select the degree of heating desired and be assured of its remaining constant until you reset the control. Pushing or pulling the control regulates a thermostat which in turn controls the flow of water through the heater coils. The further outward you pull the control, the warmer will be the hot air output of the Climatizer.

When the engine cooling water is cold and the control is in the closed position, the thermostat permits a full flow of water into the heat core until the temperature at the thermostat unit (just above the accelerator pedal) reaches approximately 70° F. (21° C.). As the water gets warmer, the thermostat will maintain that temperature. If you desire more heat in the car, pull the Climatizer control. After using the Climatizer a few times you will find the position of the control that gives you the heat in the car which best suits your comfort. Further regulation of the control will be unnecessary.

If you wish to obtain maximum heat flow in extremely cold weather, pull the handle to its full “out” position. This will lock the valve open until you push the handle forward.

Climatizer Operation

The entire range of Climatizer and defroster operation is controlled through the use of the Climatizer and vent controls. The Climatizer control operates thermostat when pulled or pushed, operates blowers when turned. The vent control opens and closes the right outside cowl ventilator.

HIGH HEAT REGULATION OFF POSITIONS OF CLIMATIZER CONTROL 1. Defroster High 2. Defroster Low 1. Climatizer Motor 2. Climatizer Motor Plus Defroster Motor

1. To open the outside right cowl ventilator, move the control lever (directly beneath the package compartment) to the left. This is the position of the ventilator whenever you operate the Climatizer or want to draw fresh outside air into the car through the Climatizer system. To close the ventilator, move the control lever to the right. When using Climatizer, be sure the inner ventilator door is closed.

2. Pull Climatizer control handle outward to the position which gives the temperature desired by the car occupants. The further outward the control is pulled, the warmer the air will become.

3. Turn the Climatizer control handle clockwise to the first position to operate the Climatizer blower. Turning the control to the second position clockwise will continue the Climatizer blower operation and will also add the operation of the defroster blower.

Air forced through the Climatizer system at car speeds above 25 m.p.h. makes use of the Climatizer blower unnecessary when traveling steadily at or above such speeds.

4. Slight opening of one or more ventilators or windows permits some measure of directional control over circulation since warm air flow will be increased towards such openings. For uniform temperature and defrosting efficiency throughout the entire car, however, it is generally recommended that windows and vents be fully closed.

NOTE.—If upon entering a cold car, the accumulation of moisture on windshield and windows appears excessive, open the ventilator windows for rapid circulation until the moisture begins to clear.

_Defroster Operation_ Turn the Climatizer control counterclockwise to the first position for maximum hot air flow through the defroster ducts; turn control to the second position to reduce the defroster air flow.

_Climatizer and defroster are special equipment available at extra cost._

Operation of the Convertible Top

The mechanically operated top of the Studebaker convertible models is raised and lowered by an electric motor and prelubricated driving arms and gears. The mechanism is controlled by a lever located at the left of the two control handles at the lower edge of the instrument panel on the driver’s side of the car. Moving the lever to the left raises the top, and to the right, lowers it. When the lever is released from either of these positions, it automatically returns to the central position, stopping the electric motor.

_Always let the motor operate the top—never try to force the top up or down by hand._

Top Operation Motor Circuit Breaker

The electric motor is guarded against short circuit and overload by a 30-ampere circuit breaker. Should a short circuit or overload occur in the top operating system, the circuit breaker will automatically interrupt the circuit and will continue to interrupt it until the cause is eliminated.

If the circuit breaker interrupts the current flow for any reason, see your Studebaker dealer.

SNAP LOCK LOCKING HANDLE TO RELEASE TO LOCK

TO LOWER THE TOP—STOP THE CAR

1. Unsnap the fasteners on both sides of the top cover at the points indicated in the illustration below. Snap the top cover boot in place on the rear of the seat back. Remove any packages or other material from the top well behind the seat.

2. Pull both sun visors down and release the snap lock at the left of the locking handle on the header. Turn the top locking handle at the center of the header fully to the left (counterclockwise). Lift the top free of the pilots.

3. Move the control switch lever to the right and hold it in this position until the top rests on the rear deck of the car; then release the lever.

4. Cover the top with the boot and snap all boot fasteners in place.

SNAP FASTENERS

TO RAISE THE TOP—STOP THE CAR

1. Unsnap the boot fasteners along the rear deck and side panels. Uncover the top and let the boot hang over the rear seat back.

2. After pulling down both sun visors, move the top operating lever to the left and hold it in this position until the top header is approximately one foot above the windshield pilots; then release the lever.

3. Grasp the top locking handle firmly with the right hand and guide the top down over the windshield pilots while the left hand holds the top operating lever at its “Raise” position. When the header rests on the windshield, release the control lever. Lock the snap lock at the left of the locking handle on the header. Lock the top securely to the windshield by turning the top locking handle clockwise two or three complete turns. Test the lock by attempting to lift the top free of the pilots.

4. Snap the fasteners in place along the top side rails and side panels on both sides of the top. There are 6 of these fasteners on each side. Let the boot fold down into the top compartment or unsnap the boot from the rear seat back and place it in the boot bag provided.

NOTICE

The radiator of this car may be equipped with a _pressure-type cap_. If it is so equipped, remove the cap by turning it slowly half-way to the open position and pausing to permit relief of any vapor or steam pressure present. Then complete turning of cap to the stop and remove it.

LUBRICATION

Periodic Inspections

It is good for reasons of economy and to forestall unexpected need of service to have your car inspected once a month or at 1000 mile (1609 km.) lubrication periods. An ideal time to have many of the parts or units inspected is while the car is on the lubrication hoist in the raised position.

Lubrication Operations

Proper lubrication is good assurance that your car will continue to perform with increasing satisfaction. Only high quality lubricants should be used on your car.

Your Studebaker dealer knows every lubrication requirement for your car. Take it to him for periodic lubrication. The recommendations given in the following paragraphs are, in many ways, the most important in the entire booklet. If a lubrication service must, of necessity, be performed by a non-Studebaker serviceman, be sure he understands the requirements mentioned in this section and on the charts on pages 28, 29, and 30.

_Universal Joints_ Lubricate with light weight chassis lubricant at 1000 mile (1609 km.) intervals. Only a low pressure (hand) gun should be used to lubricate these bearings.

_Transmission Lubricant_ The transmission should be filled to the level of the filler plug hole with S.A.E. 90 mineral oil gear lubricant or S.A.E. 40 engine oil, both summer and winter. On cars equipped with overdrive transmission, fill _slowly_, using the fill hole of the main case. For transmission capacities, see table on page 53.

(Continued on page 31)

★ 1,000 Miles (1.609 km.) ★ 5,000 Miles (8.046 km.) ★ 10,000 Miles (16.090 km.) ★ UPPER and LOWER CONTROL ARM BUSHINGS—4 Fittings each Arm—Chassis Lubricant. ★ FRONT WHEEL BEARINGS—Wheel Bearing Lubricant. ★ STEERING KNUCKLE—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ STEERING BELL CRANK SHAFT—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ ★ TRANSMISSION—Conventional and Overdrive. CHECK LEVEL DRAIN and FLUSH LUBRICANT—High Grade Mineral Oil Gear Lubricant (Regular Type Gear Lubricant) of SAE No. 90 Viscosity or SAE No. 40 Engine Oil for Both Summer and Winter. Gear Lubricants Containing Any Extreme Pressure Ingredients, such as Lead, Sulphur, Chlorine Compounds Must Not Be Used. ★ AUTOMATIC DRIVE CHECK LEVEL Drain and Refill at 15.000 miles Use 10W premium type engine oil (SAE 10-10W premium type is also satisfactory). See Text, Preliminary Shop Manual covering Automatic Transmissions. ★ UNIVERSAL JOINTS—3 Fittings—Chassis Lubricant. ★ ★ REAR AXLE— CHECK LEVEL DRAIN and FLUSH LUBRICANT—Use Studebaker Hypoid Lubricant or any SAE No. 90 Hypoid Lubricant (Multi-Purpose Gear Lubricant) Manufactured by a Reputable Oil Company. Do Not at Any Time Mix Various Brands of Hypoid Lubricants. ★ REAR AXLE SHAFT BEARING—Wheel Bearing Lubricant. ★ UPPER and LOWER CONTROL ARM BUSHINGS—4 Fittings each Arm—Chassis Lubricant. ★ FRONT WHEEL BEARINGS—Wheel Bearing Lubricant. ★ STEERING KNUCKLE—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ TIE ROD BALL JOINTS—4 Fittings—Chassis Lubricant. ★ STEERING REACH ROD—2 Fittings—Chassis Lubricant. ★ CLUTCH OPERATING SHAFT BRACKET BEARING—Engine Oil. ★ CLUTCH AND BRAKE PEDALS—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ CLUTCH PEDAL LINKAGE—2 Clevis Pins—Engine Oil. ★ CLUTCH RELEASE SHAFT—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ HILL HOLDER LINKAGE—Spray—Engine Oil. ★ GEARSHIFT RODS—Engine Oil. ★ PARKING BRAKE LINKAGE—Spray—Engine Oil. ★ PROPELLER SHAFT SPLINES—1 Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ REAR AXLE SHAFT BEARING—Wheel Bearing Lubricant. ★ GENERATOR—2 Oilers—SAE No. 20 Engine Oil. ★ OIL FILLER TUBE CAP—Service Every 1,000 Miles or Daily if Dust Conditions are Severe. Wash the Element in Kerosene and allow to Dry Thoroughly. Apply Light Engine Oil to Element. ★ DISTRIBUTOR—SAE No. 20 Engine Oil—3 to 5 Drops on Felt Under Rotor and in Oil Cup at Side. Small Amount of Petroleum Jelly on Cam. ★ STEERING GEAR[1] Ross—Special lubricant as approved by Ross Gear and Tool Company of Lafayette, Indiana Saginaw—Multi-Purpose SAE 90 gear lubricant ★ GEARSHIFT CONTROL CASE (Conventional and Overdrive Only)—One Fitting—Chassis Lubricant. ★ OIL FILTER—Under Normal Conditions, the Oil Filter Cartridge Should be Replaced after Five to Six Thousand Miles of Operation. Where Severe Dust and Dirt Conditions Prevail, It will be Necessary to Replace the Oil Filter Cartridge at Correspondingly Lower Mileages. ★ CARBURETOR AIR CLEANER—Service Every 1,000 Miles Where Dust Conditions Prevail. It May be Necessary to Services the Unit Daily; or More Often Under Severe Dust Conditions. To Service the “Oil Bath” Type, Remove Cleaner. Wash Filter Element in Kerosene and Drain Thoroughly. Clean Oil Reservoir and Refill to Indicated Level. Use SAE 30 Engine Oil for above +32° F. and SAE 20 Engine Oil for below +32° F. Do Not Use an Oil Lighter than SAE 20. To Service the “Oil Coated Filter” Type, Remove the Filter Element. Wash in Kerosene and Shake Out Until Dry. Reoil the Element Thoroughly With Fresh Clean Oil. Allow the Excess Oil to Drain Off, and Reinstall Element. ★ ENGINE OIL LEVEL GAGE—Check Oil Level Add or Change Oil as Required. Crankcase capacity—5 U.S. Quarts.

Lowest Temp Anticipated Oil Viscosity

+32° F. SAE 30 +10° F. SAE 20 -10° F. SAE 10-10W or 10W ★ 1,000 Miles (1.609 km.) ★ 5,000 Miles (8.046 km.) ★ 10,000 Miles (16.090 km.)

[1]The make of steering gear can be identified by location of filler hole plug. On Ross, it is at upper end of housing. On Saginaw, it is on a base near center of housing.

(Continued from page 27)

_Rear Axle Lubricant_ Use Studebaker hypoid lubricant or any S.A.E. 90 hypoid lubricant (multi-purpose type gear lubricant) for summer and winter. _Do not mix various brands of hypoid lubricants._ Use light engine oil for flushing. _Do not use kerosene._

_Crankcase Oil Level_ The oil in the crankcase is checked by withdrawing the oil level gage on the left side of the engine. The oil filler pipe cap contains a filtering element to clean the air of any impurities before it enters the crankcase. This filter is easily cleaned by removing the cap and immersing it in kerosene. Allow filter cap to dry thoroughly. Then dip cap in a good grade of engine oil so that filtering element is thoroughly oil coated. Drain off excess oil and replace cap. It’s a good idea to have the oil level checked when purchasing gasoline.

Never allow oil level shown on oil level gage to fall below the ADD OIL mark. DO NOT OVERFILL.

_Engine Oil Filter_ The Fram oil filter (on cars so equipped) assists in removing dirt and foreign matter from the oil and is provided with a replaceable filter element.

Under normal conditions the Fram Filter cartridge should be replaced after approximately every 5000 miles (8046 km.) of operation. Severe dust conditions may warrant replacing the cartridge at correspondingly lower mileages.

When it is necessary to replace the cartridge, care should be taken to see that a new cover gasket is installed and that the cover is securely tightened. The cover should also be checked occasionally to make sure that it remains tight.

_Engine Oil Renewal_ Engine oil should be changed _at least_ by the end of the first 1000 miles (1609 km.). After this period the oil should be changed regularly, the frequency depending on the condition of the oil as affected by operating and atmospheric conditions.

Under average driving conditions oil should be changed at 2500 to 3000 mile (4023 to 4828 km.) intervals.

_Engine Oil Viscosity_ “Engine oil viscosity” is a term which indicates, broadly, the “body” of the oil to be used in your engine, although other scientific considerations enter into assigning viscosity numbers to oil.

Generally speaking, you use a thin oil in winter because it flows more freely in cold temperatures than a thick oil. Since, as stated above, the oil in your car’s crankcase, if of good quality, will be useful for many hundreds of miles, it is impractical to change oil more often than necessary. Therefore, we list below the viscosities of engine oil recommended for your car at lowest prevailing temperature generally expected in your locality during the various seasons of the year.

LOWEST TEMPERATURE ANTICIPATED OIL RECOMMENDATION

+32° F. (0° C.) S.A.E. 30 +10° F. (-12.2° C.) S.A.E. 20 -10° F. (-23.3° C.) S.A.E. 10W[2] Below -10° F. (-23.3° C.) S.A.E. 5W[3]

[2]Oil in cans marked 10W or S.A.E. 10-10W is satisfactory for use where S.A.E. 10W is recommended.

[3]The engine should not be operated at sustained high speeds when using S.A.E. 5W engine oil.

Most of the higher priced motor oils sold today contain chemical detergents which hold extremely small particles of carbon or other foreign matter in suspension. Many of the particles are so small that they flow through the oil filters with the oil and remain in suspension. For this reason, oil which is perfectly good for lubrication purposes may be discolored when seen on the oil level gage. With such oils the need for an oil change should be governed by the mileage the oil has been used and the dust conditions prevalent during that mileage. As long as the oil retains a “slick” quality and good body, it is generally satisfactory.

UP POSITION DOWN POSITION

VERTICAL BUMPER BAR

JACK SHAFT HOLDER JACK SHAFT RETAINER NUT RETAINER JACK MECHANISM JACK HANDLE AND WHEEL LUG WRENCH JACK BASE

If you must change a tire ...

1. Before using jack, set parking brake by depressing brake pedal and pull outward on parking brake handle. On steep grades, it may be advisable to block the front or rear wheels as an extra precaution against rolling.

2. Open luggage compartment and unscrew single lug nut to free spare wheel and tire. Remove jack base, jack handle, spare wheel and tire, and bumper jack.

3. Place jack base so that jack lip will contact underside of bumper at outer edge of the vertical bumper bar on the flat tire side of the car. Also place base so that it will be about one inch inward from the outer edge of the bumper.

4. Put the jack mechanism lever in the UP position. Place lip of jack in contact with the underside of the bumper against the outer edge of the vertical bumper bar.

5. Use chisel end of jack handle to remove hub cover. Then place chisel end of the jack in the jack mechanism and jack up the car. Note—If tire to be changed is on a front wheel, jack up only a few notches to be sure jack is secure, then start wheel lug nuts loose before continuing the jacking up process. On rear wheels, the parking brake will hold the wheel so that the nuts can be loosened after the car has been jacked up.

6. On wheels on the left side of the car, the wheel lug nuts are left-hand threaded. To remove them, use the hexagonal wrench end of the jack handle and turn the nuts clockwise. On wheels on the right side of the car, the nuts are removed by turning them counterclockwise. Nuts are installed by turning them in the direction opposite to that used in removing them.

7. Raise car with jack until wheel is free of the road and can revolve freely. This is important to be sure you have enough clearance to install spare. Remove flat tire and wheel and place spare wheel and tire over studs. Install lug nuts and tighten uniformly and firmly.

8. Lower jack by first placing jack mechanism lever in its DOWN position and work the jack with the handle in the same manner as when raising car.

9. Replace tools and spare in this order: Jack shaft and mechanism go into the holder provided at the right of the spare wheel well. Jack mechanism must fit snug against bulge of tire to prevent rattling. Next install the spare wheel and tire, being sure the hinged bolt comes through the wheel hub hole. Place retainer plate over bolt and screw on the retainer nut. Wedge jack handle and jack base between tire and well. Put luggage compartment lid handle in closed position, _lock handle and remove key, and close lid_.

MAINTENANCE AND CARE OF CAR

Storage Battery

The storage battery is located under the hood on the left side. The carrier clamp bolt wing nuts should be kept finger tight but not so tight as to crack the battery case.

Have the following three items checked frequently:

1. Water level—maintain at the proper height with distilled water.

2. The specific gravity of the battery solution.

3. Battery connections—should be clean and tight.

_Charging Precautions_ It is advisable to observe the following precautions when charging a battery at home or elsewhere. During the charging and for a short time immediately thereafter, the chemical reaction in the battery gives off hydrogen gas in sufficient quantities as to be explosive. When working near a battery being charged, or just after it has been charged, it is important that no flame or spark have an opportunity to ignite the hydrogen gas. To prevent possibility of a static electricity spark’s causing such an explosion with the battery in the car, it is well to ground the car electrically by means of a metal bar or chain running from the car’s frame or bumper to the ground. When the charging or recently charged battery is out of the car, it should be placed where it will not be exposed to flame, spark, or static electricity.

Minimize Oil Dilution and Sludge

The crankcase is provided with a cross ventilation system to reduce harmful dilution of the engine oil by water and fuel. Crankcase dilution is aggravated by low speed driving with frequent stops and starts because the engine does not warm up to the normal operating temperature. The driver can materially assist in preventing this condition by observing the following suggestions:

1. After starting, give the engine time to warm up before driving.