Chapter 4

REFUGEES.

MRS. FRANCES DANA GAGE.

Childhood and youth of Mrs. Gage--Anti-slavery views inculcated by her parents and grand-parents--Her marriage--Her husband an earnest reformer--Her connection with the press--Ostracism on account of her opposition to slavery--Propositions made to her husband to swerve from principle and thereby attain office--"Dare to stand alone"--Removal to St. Louis--A contributor to the Missouri Republican--The noble stand of Colonel Chambers--His death--She contributes to the Missouri Democrat, but is finally excluded from its columns--Personal peril--Her advocacy of the cause of Kansas--Editor of an Agricultural paper in Columbus, Ohio--Her labors among the freedmen in the department of the South for thirteen months, (1862-3)--Helps the soldiers also--Her four sons in the army--Return Northward in the Autumn of 1863--Becomes a lecturer-- Advocating the Emancipation Act and the Constitutional Amendment, prohibiting slavery--Labors for the Freedmen and Refugees in 1864-- Is injured by the overturning of a carriage at Galesburg, Ill., in September, 1864--Lecturing again on her partial recovery--Summary of her character. 683-690

MRS. LUCY GAYLORD POMEROY.

Birth and early education--Half-sister of the poets Lewis and Willis Gaylord Clark--Educates herself for a Missionary--A Sunday-school teacher--Sorrow--Is married to S. C. Pomeroy (afterward United States Senator from Kansas)--Residence in Southampton, Mass.--Ill health-- Removal to Kansas--The Kansas Struggle and Border Ruffian War--Mrs. Pomeroy a firm friend to the escaping slaves--The famine year of 1860-- Her house an office of distribution for supplies to the starving-- Accompanies her husband to Washington in 1861--Her labors and contributions for the soldiers--In Washington and at Atchison, Kansas-- Return to Washington--Founding an asylum for colored orphans and destitute aged colored women--The building obtained and furnished--Her failing health--She comes north, but dies on the passage. 691-696

MARIA R. MANN.

Miss Mann a near relative of the late Hon. Horace Mann--Her career as a teacher--Her loyalty--Comes to St. Louis--Becomes a nurse in the Fifth St. Hospital--Condition of the Freedmen at St. Helena, Ark.--The Western Sanitary Commission becomes interested in endeavoring to help them--They propose to Miss Mann to go thither and establish a hospital, distribute clothing and supplies to them, and instruct them as far as possible--She consents--Perilous voyage--Her great and beneficent labors at Helena--Extraordinary improvement in the condition of the freedmen-- She remains till August, 1863--Her heroism--Gratitude of the freedmen-- "You's light as a fedder, anyhow"--Return to St. Louis--Becomes the teacher and manager of a colored asylum at Washington, D. C.--Her school for colored children at Georgetown--Its superior character--It is, in intention, a normal school--Miss Mann's sacrifices in continuing in that position. 697-703

SARAH J. HAGAR.

A native of Illinois--Serves in the St. Louis Hospitals till August, 1863--Is sent to Vicksburg in the autumn of 1863, by the Western Sanitary Commission, as teacher for the Freedmen's children--Her great and successful labors--Is attacked in April, 1864, with malarial fever, and dies May 3--Tribute to her character and work, from Mr. Marsh, superintendent of Freedmen at Vicksburg. 704-706

MRS. JOSEPHINE R. GRIFFIN.

Her noble efforts--Her position at the commencement of the war--Her interest in the condition of the Freedmen--Her attempts to overcome their faults--Her success--Organization of schools--Finding employment for them--Influx of Freedmen into the District of Columbia--Their helpless condition--Mrs. Griffin attempts to find situations for them at the North--Extensive correspondence--Her expeditions with companies of them to the Northern cities--Necessities of the freedmen remaining in the District in the Autumn of 1866--Mrs. Griffin's circular--The denial of its truth by the Freedmen's Bureau--Their subsequent retraction--The Congressional appropriation--Should have been put in Mrs. Griffin's hands--She continues her labors. 707-709

MRS. M. M. HALLOWELL.

Condition of the loyal whites of the mountainous district of the South. Their sufferings and persecutions--Cruelty of the Rebels--Contributions for their aid in the north--Boston, New York, Philadelphia--Mrs. Hallowell's efforts--She and her associates visit Nashville, Knoxville, Huntsville and Chattanooga and distribute supplies to the families of refugees--Peril of their journey--Repeated visits of Mrs. Hallowell--The Home for Refugees, near Nashville--Gratitude of the Refugees for this aid--Colonel Taylor's letter. 710-712

OTHER FRIENDS OF THE FREEDMEN AND REFUGEES.

Mrs. Harris' labors--Miss Tyson and Mrs. Beck--Miss Jane Stuart Woolsey--Mrs. Governor Hawley--Miss Gilson--Mrs. Lucy S. Starr--Mrs. Clinton B. Fisk--Mrs. H. F. Hoes and Miss Alice F. Royce--Mrs. John S. Phelps--Mrs. Mary A. Whitaker--Fort Leavenworth--Mrs. Nettie C. Constant--Miss G. D. Chapman--Miss Sarah E. M. Lovejoy, daughter of Hon. Owen Lovejoy--Miss Mary E. Sheffield--Her labors at Vicksburg--Her death--Helena--Mrs. Sarah Coombs--Nashville--Mrs. Mary R. Fogg--St. Louis Refugee and Freedmen's Home--Mrs. H. M. Weed--The supervision of this Home by Mrs. Alfred Clapp, Mrs. Joseph Crawshaw, Mrs. Lucien Eaton and Mrs. N. Stevens. 733-716