CHAPTER IX.
Brooks, W. K., "William Harvey as an Embryologist," _Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin_, vol. viii., p. 167.
Harvey's Notes on Galen, _The Athenæum_, October, 1888, No. 3180, p. 452.
INDEX
A
Alston, Dr., 157
Ameius Gulielmus, 18
Anatomical demonstrations, 41-46; method of conducting, 57-60; lectures, cost of, 45, 46; teaching of Reid compared with that of Harvey, 232-237; works of Harvey, 188
Anatomy, early teaching of, 39; study of, at Cambridge, 13; value of comparative, 201
Andrewes, Dr., 88, 90, 91, 97, 98, 104, 232
Andrich, Dr., 18, 27
Anecdotes of Eliab Harvey, 8; William Harvey, 144-145; Sir Charles Scarborough, 142
Appearance of Harvey, 52
Apothecaries' opinions of Harvey's prescriptions, 74; visitations of, 75-79
Aristotle, capillamenta of, 213; Harvey's opinion of, 68, 72
Armorial bearings of the Harvey family, 2
Art, Harvey an authority on, 115
Arteries, course of blood in, 213
Artistarum universitas, 16, 27
Arundel, Earl of, 111
Aubrey's first recollection of Harvey, 130; Harvey's advice to, 146
Auricle, movement of, 200
Autograph of Harvey in de Glarges' album, 123
Aveling, Dr., 83
Aylesford, Earls of, their relationship to Harvey, 7
B
Bacon and Harvey, 71
Barber Surgeons Company, abortive attempt to found a surgical lectureship, 46; anatomical teaching at, 39, 40-44, 57-60; Reid's lectures at, 47, 231; Dr. Scarborough's lectures at, 142
Barnacle goose, account of, 93, _note_
Bartholomew's Hospital, _see_ St. Bartholomew's Hospital
Bass rock, description of, 93
Bathurst, George, 130
Bethune, Dr., 83, 118
Birthplace of William Harvey, 4
Bleeding, proof of the circulation from the operation of, 214, 216
Blood, circulation of, as described in Lumleian lectures, 65
Blood, quantity of, 208
Brent, Sir Nathaniel, 134, 138, 139
Breviarium Bartholomei, 215
Broderield, the, 11
Browne, Dr. Lancelot, 29
Burmarsh, Harvey's estate at, 163
Butchers proof of the circulation, 210
C
Caius College, Cambridge, Harvey entered at, 12
Caius, Dr., 13, 15
Caldwall, Dr., 46, 47, 48
Calidum innatum, 192, 255
Cambridge, anatomy at, 13; graduation of Harvey at, 14, 27; Harvey matriculated at, 12, 21
Canons, Harvey's lecture, 62-64
Capillamenta of Aristotle, 213
Cassowary, Harvey's account of, 239
Censors of the College of Physicians, their duties, 75, 76
Centennial eggs, 240
Cesalpino, 213, 217
Chambers, Dr., 83
Charge of the Physician at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 35
Charles I., escape of, from Oxford, 138; Harvey appointed physician to, 70; Harvey's friendship with, 240-246; interest of, in the pursuits of Harvey, 240-46
Chick heard in shell, 198, 251; reasons for the escape of from the egg, 250-254
"Christianismi Restitutio," 207
Circulation of the blood, account of, 199-202; anatomical proof of, 206, 219; butcher's proof of, 210; comparative anatomy of, 222; deduced from syncope, 210, 218; disquisition to Riolanus on, 224; formulation of theory of, 206; Harvey's account of, 190; Harvey's propositions about, 207; mathematical proof of, 208; proof of, 206; proof of from amount of milk secreted, 211; proof by demonstration, 221, 67; by continuous flow in, 217; mathematical, 208; from phlebotomy, 214, 216; from surgical operation, 214; theory of enunciated in Lumleian lectures, 65
Circulator, meaning of term, 74
Civil war, 117-140
Clarke, John, Dr., 104
Clavis Mathematica, 161
Cold blooded animals, heart's movements in, 195
College of Physicians, anatomical teaching in, 39; attend the funeral of Harvey, 167; Harvey admitted a member, 29; admitted a Fellow, 31; Harvey's bequests to, 163, 182; Harvey's gifts to, 154-156; Harvey elected censor, 75; erect a statue to Harvey, 155; Harvey's pointer at, 57, _note_; Harvey portraits at, 10; leave of absence granted to Harvey, 81; library rules, 86; Lumleian lectures at, 45-50; offices held by Harvey, 51, 75, 80, 157, 158; portraits of the Harvey family at, 10; sites of, 50, 51; tanned skin presented to, 103; translation of Harvey's remains by, 173
Columbus Realdus, 207
Combe, near Croydon, 7
Comparative anatomy of the circulation, 222; destruction of Harvey's notes on, 125, 262; value of, 202
Concilarius, duties of, 16; Harvey elected at Padua, 18
Cookæus, Joh., 17
Contemporary estimate of Harvey, 225
Court physician, 70
Criticism, contemporary of Harvey, 225
Croydon, 7
Cusa, Cardinal Nicholas de, 215, _note_
Cusanus, 215, _note_
D
Darcy, Sir Robert, the case of, 228
Darwin, Prof. George, 19, 20
Davies, Dr., 51
Death mask of Harvey, 167, 175
Demonstration, anatomical method of conducting, 57-61; of Anatomy, 42-47; of the circulation, 221
Derby, Dr. Harvey at, 126
Destruction of Harvey's papers, 125, 262
Development, treatise on, 89, 238-263; introduction to, 147-154
Diastole, meaning of the term, 193, _note_
Diploma, of Harvey, 26
Dunne, William, 51
E
Eccentricities of Harvey, 144, 145
Edgehill, Harvey at, 126
Eggs, centennial, 240
Elect, Harvey chosen, 80; duties of, 80
English nation at Padua, 18
Ent, Dr., 182; account of Harvey, 146-153; meets Harvey at Rome, 115
Epitaph of Joan Harvey, 5
Estey, George, 11
Euclid, Scarborough the first English editor of, 139
F
Fabricius Hieronymus, 15, 23, 219; lectures of, 23; honours paid to, 23; relation of to Harvey, 25, 240, 249-254; theatre of, 23
Fainting, assigned cause of, 214; proof of circulation deduced from, 211, 218
Ferraris, Prof. Carlo, 18, 19
Finch, Sir H., 7
Floyer, Sir John, 215, _note_
Folkestone, 3, 5, 11
Footman, the King's, 5
Forster, Richard, 51
Fracastorius' opinion of the heart's movement, 193
France, Harvey in, 84
G
Generation, account of treatise on, 238-263; introduction to, 147-154; treatise on, 89
Gerarde's "Herbal" quoted, 93, _note_
Germany, Harvey's travels in, 123
Girardi, Dr., 18
Glarges, Philip de, 123
Glove, Harvey's experiment with, 196
Gonville Hall, 13
Goose, solan or barnacle account of, 93, _note_
Gurgany, John, 137
Guestling, the, 12
H
Halke, Joane, 3
Halke, Thomas, 3
Hamey, Dr., 157
Harvey, Amye, 9
Harvey, Aubrey's description of William, 52
Harvey, mortuary chapel, the, 8, 168
Harvey, Daniel, 6, 143
Harvey, Eliab, 7, 38, 143, 166, 168, 177, 182
Harvey, Sir Eliab, G.C.B., anecdote of, 8
Harvey, Elizabeth, 29-31
Harvey, Joan, 3-5
Harvey, John, 5, 30, 33, 141
Harvey, Matthew, 9, 141
Harvey, Michael, 9, 141
Harvey, Mrs., 29-31, 141
Harvey, Sarah, 5
Harvey, Thomas, 3-5, 6, 11, 29
Harvey, Walter, 1
Harvey, Dr. William, advice to Aubrey, 146; anatomical teaching compared with that of Reid, 231-237; anatomical works of, 188-237; an art collector, 115; and Hofmann, 113; and Sir Charles Scarborough, 109, 139, 140, 142; and the Civil War, 117-140; and the English school of Anatomy, 134; and Willoughby, 126; anecdotes of, 144-146; apothecaries' opinion of, 74; appearance of, 52; armorial bearings of, 2; as a literary man, 159; at Cambridge, 12, 27; at Padua, 14-27; at Padua, elected councillor, 19
Harvey, Dr. William, at College of Physicians, censor, 75; demonstrator's rod at, 57, _note_; Elect, 80; elected candidate, 29; elected Fellow, 31; elected Concilarius, 158; elected President, 157; leave of absence granted to, 82; Lumleian lecturer, 51; Lumleian lectures, notes of, 53-56, 62-69; rules for library drawn up by, 87; Tabulæ Harveianæ, 68; Treasurer, 80
Harvey, William, Dr., at Court, accompanies King to Scotland, 92; Physician in Ordinary to King Charles I., 70, 87-88; relation to the King, 89; Physician Extraordinary to King James I., 70; Senior Physician in Ordinary, 118; at Oxford, 126-140; Letters to Prince Rupert, 130, 131
Harvey, Dr. William, at Ratisbon, 115; at Rome, 115; at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, elected physician in reversion, 32; last payment to, 132, 133; retirement from, 132, 133; leave of absence granted to, 82; physician to, 34-38; rules for the government of, 96; stipend as physician, 38; substitute appointed for, 90; at Trinity College, Oxford, 130; attends Prince Maurice, 131; autograph in de Glarges' album, 123; autopsy on old Parr, 111; birthplace of, 4; builds library and museum at College of Physicians, 154-157; burial of, 167; candidate at the College of Physicians, 29; compared with John Hunter, 184-187; complains of old age, 159; contemporary criticism of, 225; estimate of, 184-187; death of, 166; death mask of, 167, 175; debt to Fabricius, 24, 25; demonstrator's rod at the College of Physicians, 57, _note_; destruction of his manuscripts, 124, 262; diploma of, 26; dissections by, 66; early life of, 11-13; eccentricities of, 144, 145, 146; elected consiliarius at Padua, 18; elected President of College of Physicians, 157; elected Warden of Merton, 135; Ent's account of, 146-157; entries concerning, at Padua, 18, 27; eulogy of, 184-187; experiments on himself, 255; Fellow of the College of Physicians, 31; friendship of Charles I. with, 240-247; graduates M.D., at Cambridge, 27; at Oxford, 130; at Padua, 26; Howell's letter to, 160; humour of, 30, 64, 68, 69; ill practice by, 110; in London, 28, 31; jargon used by, 56; knowledge of Latin, 14, 18; Lancashire witches, 104-109; later years of, 141; lecture canons of, 62-64; letters to Prince Rupert, 130, 131; liberality of, 24, 38, 86, 154; lineage of, 1; love for Virgil, 54; marriage of, 29; meets Dr. Ent at Rome, 115; midwifery, practical knowledge of, possessed by, 110; muscular lecture, 67; mystical side of, 255; notes of muscular lecture, 67-69; notes of visceral lecture, 53-56; opinion of Aristotle, 68; pathological knowledge of, 228; pathological observations of, 228, 246; peculiarities of, 144, 145, 146; personal appearance of, 52; physiological advances since the time of, 237, 238; pillage of his lodgings, 124, 262; powers of observation of, 247-254; practice of, 71-75; probate of will of, 184; publication of his work, "De motu sanguinis," 73; religion of, 55, 187; 256-260; remains, treatment of, 170-175; rules drawn up by, 87; treatise on development by, 238-242; estimate of treatise on Generation, 261; resigns the Lumleian Lectureship, 163; similes used by, 68, 69; speech at Merton College, 135; "stemma" of, 19, 20; stipend as Court Physician, 88, 118-121; as Physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 38; sues Lumleian trustees, 122; surgery as well as medicine practised by, 109; translation of remains, 170-175; travels with the Earl of Arundel, 112; travels with the Duke of Lennox, 81-87; travels with King Charles, 90; treatise on development, 89; will of, 176-184
Hawke, Joane, 3
Hawke, Thomas, 3
Heat, innate, 255
Heart and lungs, connection of, 201
Heart, mechanism of contraction, 196
Heart's movements, experiments concerning, 195; in cold blooded animals, 194, 197; Fracastorius' opinions of, 193; simile for, 200; relation of lungs to, 223; Reid's knowledge of, 232-236 Heberden, Dr., 144 Hempstead, Harvey's burial at, 168, 169, 170, 175; mortuary chapel at, 8 Henry III., death of, 1 Hervey, Sir Walter, 1 Henrietta Maria, Queen, at Merton College, 136 Hofmann and Harvey, 113 Hollar's anecdote of Harvey, 114 Holsbosch, Dr., bequest of, 87 Horst, Dr., 159 Hospital, _see_ St. Bartholomew's Hospital Howell's letter to Harvey, 160 Humidum primigenium, 256, 261 Hunter, John, compared with Harvey, 184-187
I
Identification of students in Italy, 17
Innate Heat, 255
Insects, destruction of Harvey's notes on, 125; heart in, 198
Italian Universities, 14-16
Italy, identification of students in, 17
J
James I., Harvey appointed physician to, 70
Jargon used by Harvey in his notes, 56
Jenkin, Juliana, 3
Jenkin, William, 3
Juristarum, universitas, 16, 17
K
King's footman, 5
King's turnspit, 6
L
Lancashire Witches, story of, 104-109
Lecture, anatomical importance of, 58
Lectures, Lumleian, 39-69
Lectures, notes of Harvey's Lumleian, 53-69
Lennox, Duke of, 81
Library, rules for use of, 87
Linacre, 50
Lineage of Harvey, 1
Listerus, Josephus, 17, 26
Literature, Harvey's love for, 160
Lock Hospitals, 99, _note_
London, Harvey settles in, 28, 31
Lumley, Lord, 47
Lumley, Lord, heirs of, sued by Harvey, 122
Lumleian lecturer, Harvey appointed, 51
Lumleian lectures, 39-69
Lumleian lecturers, early, 51
Lumleian lectures, foundation of, 46, 47
Lumleian lectures, schemes of, 48-50
Lumleian lectureship resigned by Harvey, 163
Lumleian trustees sued by Harvey, 122
Lungs, circulation in, 204
Lungs and heart, connection of, 201
Lungs, relation of heart to, 223
Lungs, use of, 204
M
Magistral universities, 16
Mantuan war, Harvey's description of the results of, 85
Marriage of Harvey, 29
Mathematical proof of circulation, 208
Matriculation, Harvey's, at Cambridge, 12; at Padua, 17
Maurice, Prince, 131, 138
Merton College, Harvey at, 134-140; marriages at, during royalist occupation, 137; Queen Henrietta at, 136
Micklethwaite, Sir John, 133
Midwifery, practical knowledge of, possessed by Harvey, 110, 126
Milk, proof of circulation from secretion of, 211
Mirfield, John of, 216
Moesler, Dr. Adam, 83
Moore, Dr. Norman, 36, 53, 215, 262
Moisture the primigenial, 256, 261
Muscular lecture, 67
N
Nardi, Dr., 160, 161
Nottingham, the first Earl of, 7
Nuremberg, Harvey at, 113
O
O'Birne, Mr., anecdote of, 8
Observation, Harvey's powers of, 247
Oxford, surrender of, 138
Oxford, Harvey at, 126-140
Oughtred's "Clavis Mathematica," 162
Old Parr, 111
P
Padua, celebration at, 19; diploma granted to Harvey, 26; election of rector at, 21; entries concerning Harvey at, 18, 27; nations at, 18; the Universities at, 14-27
Padua University, life at, 21-23; why selected by Harvey, 15
Paget, Sir George, 69, 242
Paget, Sir James, 5
Parr, Old, 111
Paris, Harvey in, 84
Parrot, Mrs. Harvey's, 30
Pathological observations by Harvey, 227, 245
Pepperer, Walter Harvey a, 1
Pepys, Mr., attends an anatomical lecture, 44
Perfusion experiment, 197
Perquisites of Court Physicians, 118-119, 121
Phlebotomy, proofs of the circulation from, 214, 216
Physicians, College of, _see_ College of Physicians
Physicians, their relation to Surgeons, 100, 101
Physiological advances since the time of Harvey, 236
Pigeon, experiment with heart of, 197
Pillage of Harvey's lodgings, 124, 262
Portraits of the Harvey family, 10
Prayers used to measure time, 216
Prescriptions, secrecy attaching to, 102, 103
Primrose, James, 80
Primrose, Serjeant-Surgeon, 83
Probate of Harvey's will,184
Prujean, Dr., 154, 156, 157,158
Pulmonary circulation, 204
Pulse watch, 215, _note_
R
Ratisbon, Harvey at, 115
Rector of Italian University, honours paid to, 23
Rector of Italian University, election of, 21
Reid, Alexander, 47, 57, 231, 237
Religion of Harvey, 55, 187
Richardson, Sir Benj. Ward, 170
Riolanus, treatise to, 224-230
Roehampton, 5, 7, 166
Rolls Park, 4, 10
Rolls Park portraits, 10
Rome, Harvey at, 115
Rupert, Prince, 130, 131, 138
Royal College of Physicians, _see_ Physicians, College of
S
St. Bartholomew's Hospital charge to the physician, 35; duties of physician, 34-38; Harvey appointed physician, 34; Harvey appointed physician in reversion, 32; physician's lodgings at, 37; rules for governance of, 96, 99-103
St. Sepulchre's, Harvey married at, 29
Scarborough, Sir Charles, 44, 52, 109, 122, 139, 140, 142, 162, 182
Scotland, Harvey in, 92
Scotch nation at Padua, 18
Screopeus, Hen., 17
Scrope, Adrian, treated by Harvey, 127
Servetus, 207
Shakespeare's death, 62
Shrimps, heart in, 198
Sieveking, Sir E. H., 53
Silvius, Jacques, 24
Skin, human, presented to College of Physicians, 103
Skull, human, at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 244
Slegel, Dr., letter to, 230
Smith, Capt., at Edgehill, 129
Smith, Dr. Edward, 82, 90, 91, 92, 130, 131, 156
Solan goose, account of, 93, _note_
Spider, experiment with poison of, 255
"Stemma" of Harvey at Padua, 19, 20
Stipend of Court Physician, 88, 118, 119, 121; of physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 38
Student Universities, 16
Students, identification of, in Italy, 17
Surgical Lectureship founded at the Royal College of Physicians, 48
Surgeons subordinate to physicians, 100-102
Surgery practised by Harvey, 109; proof of circulation from, 214
Syllabus of Lumleian lectures, 49
Syncope, assigned cause of, 214
Systole, meaning of the term, 193, _note_
T
Tabulæ Harveianæ, 66
Tearne, Dr., 44
Theatre of Fabricius at Padua, 23
Thirty Years' War, account of devastation by, 114
Tight lacing, Harvey's treatment for, 65
Time, measurement of, 215
Turnspit, the King's, 6
Trinity College, Oxford, Harvey at, 130
U
Universitas artistarum, 16, 27
Universitas juristarum, 16, 21, 27
University of Cambridge, Harvey graduates at, 14, 27; Harvey matriculated at, 12
Universities of Italy, 14
University of Oxford, 129-140
University life at Padua, 14-27
Universities, types of, 16
V
Valves in veins, their discovery, 24
Valves, uses of in veins, 219, 220
Veins, course of the blood in, 213; uses of valves in, 219, 220; valves of, their discovery, 24
Ventricles, movements of, 199
Verney, Sir Edward, 128
Viewing patients, the practice of, 111
Visitation of Apothecaries' shops, 75-79
Virgil, Harvey's love for, 54
Vlackveld, Dr., Harvey's letter to, 163
W
Walpole's anecdote of Eliab Harvey, 8
Ward, Samuel, Master of Sidney Sussex College, 243
Ward, Seth, 162
Watch for the pulse, 215
Wilkenson, Dr., 34
Will of Harvey, 176
Willoughby, Dr. Percival, 126
Winchelsea and Aylesford, Earls of, their relationship to the Harvey family, 7
Witches, Lancashire, story of, 104
Wood, Anthony, 138, 142
Y
York, Duke of, 127, 138
Z
Zadig, method of, 248
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FOOTNOTES:
[1] The usual contraction for Magister, indicating his university degree of Artium Magister or M.A.
[2] The College of Physicians still possess a little whalebone rod tipped with silver which Harvey is said to have used in demonstrating his Lumleian lectures.
[3] P. 54.
[4] The reference is to the passage in Gerarde's "Herbal," giving an account of the miraculous origin of the Solan Goose. It runs: "But what our eyes have seen and hands have touched we shall declare. There is a small island in Lancashire called the Pile of Foulders, wherein are found the broken pieces of old and bruised ships, some whereof have been cast thither by shipwreck, and also the trunks and bodies with the branches of old and rotten trees cast up there likewise, whereon is found a certain spume or froth that in time breedeth unto certain shells, in shape like those of a mussel, but sharper pointed, and of a whitish colour wherein is contained in form like a lace of silk finely woven as it were together, of a whitish colour, one end whereof is fastened unto the inside of the shell, even as the fish of oysters and mussels are; the other end is made fast to the belly of a rude mass or lump, which in time cometh to the shape and form of a Bird; when it is perfectly formed the shell gapeth open, and the first thing that appeareth is the aforesaid lace or string; next come the legs of the bird hanging out, and as it groweth greater it openeth the shell by degrees till at length it is all come forth and hangeth only by the bill; in short space after it cometh to full maturity and falleth into the sea, where it gathereth feathers and groweth to a fowl bigger than a mallard and lesser than a goose, having black legs and bill or beak, and feathers black and white, spotted in such manner as is our Magpie... which the people of Lancashire call by no other name than a tree goose; which place aforesaid and all those parts adjoining do so much abound therewith, that one of the best is bought for threepence. For the truth hereof if any doubt, may it please them to repair unto me, and I shall satisfy them by the testimony of good witnesses" (Gerarde's "Herbal," A.D. 1636, p. 1588, chap. 171. "Of the Goose Tree, Barnacle Tree, or the Tree-bearing Goose").
A solan goose was looked upon for many years as a delicacy. Pennant states that about the middle of the seventeenth century a young one was sold for 20_d._ He also quotes the following newspaper cutting:--"SOLAN GOOSE.--There is to be sold by John Walton, Jun., at his stand at the Poultry, Edinburgh, all lawful days in the week, wind and weather serving, good and fresh solan geese. Any who have occasion for the same, may have them at reasonable rates.--Aug. 5, 1768."
[5] The outhouses, Sir James Paget tells us, were the Lock Hospitals belonging to St. Bartholomew's Hospital. There were two outhouses, one in Kent Street, Southwark, the other in Kingsland. They were founded originally as Lazar-houses for the use of lepers. The "Lock" in the Borough was used for women; the "Spital" in Kingsland for men. Each contained about thirty beds and was under the charge of a guider, guide or surgeon, who was appointed by the Governors of the Hospital, and received from them in Harvey's time an annual stipend of four pounds a year and fourpence a day for the diet of each patient under their care.
[6] This and the two following regulations illustrate in a very remarkable manner the complete subjection in which the physicians held the surgeons in Harvey's time and for many subsequent years. It was not until Abernethy was surgeon to the hospital, at the beginning of the century, that the surgeons were allowed to prescribe more than a black draught or blue pill for their patients until the prescription had been countersigned by one of the physicians.
[7] And no wonder, for it meant that their prescriptions were to be made public, whilst those of the Physician were kept secret [sec. 16], and at this time every practitioner had some secret remedy in which he put especial trust.
[8] The kindness of Dr. Norman Moore enables me to reproduce a facsimile of Harvey's handwriting taken from his "muscular lecture." The block appeared originally in the _Lancet_, vol. i., 1895, p. 136.
[9] Perhaps the Essay on the Circulation of the Blood addressed to Riolanus, published at Cambridge in 1649.
[10] The _systole_ of the heart means its contraction: the _diastole_ of the heart means its dilatation.
[11] Cardinal Nicholas de Cusa [Cusanus] is said to have counted the pulse by a clock about the middle of the sixteenth century, but Dr. Norman Moore points out to me that in reality he counted the water-clock, then in use, by the pulse. The number of pulse-beats was not measured by means of a watch until after the publication, in 1707, of Sir John Floyer's book, "The Physician's Pulse-watch, or an Essay to explain the old art of feeling the Pulse." In the time of Harvey and long afterwards physicians contented themselves with estimating the character of the pulse, rather than its precise rate.
[12] Dr. Norman Moore suggests that this young nobleman was possibly Philip Herbert (_d._ 1669), son of Philip Herbert, the second son of Henry, Earl of Pembroke (_d._ 1648), created Earl of Montgomery 1605-1606, and Lord Chamberlain.
Transcriber's Notes:
Words surrounded by _ are italicized.
Words surrounded by = are bold.
In this e-text, [~o] represents diacritical mark tilde (~) above the letter o whereas [-e] represents a straight horizontal line (-) above the letter e.
Obvious printer's errors have been repaired, other inconsistent spellings have been kept, including inconsistent use of hyphen (e.g. "blood-vessels" and "blood vessels"), proper names (e.g. "Micklethwayte" and "Micklethwaite") and accent (e.g. "Tabulæ" and "tabulae").