Part 2

Olive-green; yellow breast; sides of head suffused with yellowish--sometimes forming a _yellow line over eye_; two dull white wing-bars; song, a loud, penetrating trill. *Yellow-bellied Flycatcher. *Female Western Yellow-throat. *Female Wilson Black-cap.

54. RED-BREASTED NUTHATCH. 4-3/4 in. (Sitta canadensis. 728.)

Bluish-gray; crown and _stripe through eye, black_, with a white line over the eye; _below rusty-red_, throat white; climbs up and down and around trees; note, "cark, cark, cark." *White-breasted Nuthatch.

55. BLACK AND WHITE CREEPER. 5-1/4 in. (Mniotilta varia. 636.)

Black and white, _striped_; white belly; female shows more white below; creeps up and down trees like the _Nuthatches_; song rapid and rasping, "he'-ho, he'-ho, he'-ho." *Black-poll Warbler.

56. BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER. 5-1/4 in. (Dendroica virens. 667.)

Olive-green; _bright yellow cheeks_; _throat and upper part of breast, black_; white wing-bars; song, repeated often and rapidly, "chee, chee, chee, chee, char, chee." *Cape May Warbler. *Hooded Warbler.

57. RED-HEADED WOODPECKER. 9-1/2 in. (Melanerpes erythrocephalus. 406)

Black and white, not streaked; _entire head, neck and upper part of breast, crimson_; pure white belly; note, a loud "kr-r-r-r r." *Red-bellied Woodpecker.

58. MOCKINGBIRD. 10 in. (Mimus polyglottus. 703.)

Ashy-gray, wings and tail darker; whitish below; wing shows white patch; outer tail-feathers white; famous for its song. *Loggerhead Shrike. *Cuckoos. *Catbird.

59. CHIMNEY SWIFT. 5-1/4 in. (Chaetura pelagica. 423.)

Dark sooty-gray; _bob-tail_; long, pointed wings, which often vibrate rapidly in flight; twittering note; never seen perching like other birds. *Swallows.

60. OLIVE-BACKED THRUSH. 7-1/4 in. (Hylocichla ustulata. 758a.)

_Uniform dark olive_; below white, darker on sides; cheeks, throat, breast and ring about eye, buff; spotted on breast; noteworthy song. *Gray-cheeked Thrush. *Hermit Thrush. *Wilson Thrush.

61. GREAT-CRESTED FLYCATCHER. 9 in. (Myiarchus crinitus. 452.)

Olive, showing rusty brown on wings and tail; _crested head_; throat and breast, ashy-gray; wing-bars; belly sulphur-yellow; usually perches high; note, "loud whistle." *Blue Jay.

62. LOUISIANA WATER-THRUSH. 6-1/4 in. (Seiurus motacilla. 676.)

Olive; white below, buff-tinged posteriorly and streaked, but not thickly, with dusky; _throat and middle of belly, unmarked_; _white_ line over eye; loud, ringing song. *Grinnell Water-Thrush. *Ovenbird. *Palm Warbler.

63. LEAST FLYCATCHER. 5-1/4 in. (Empidonax minimus. 467.)

Olive-gray; wings, tail and head, darker; two narrow wing-bars; decidedly grayish below, whiter on throat; _jerks its tail_ and utters a sharp, energetic call, "che-bec'." *Wood Pewee. *Phoebe.

64. WOOD THRUSH. 7-3/4 in. (Hylocichla mustelina. 755.)

_Bright brown on head_ shading to olive-brown on rump and tail; white beneath, with conspicuous _round_ spots except on throat and middle of belly; remarkable song. *Other Thrushes. *Fox Sparrow.

65. WESTERN YELLOW-THROAT. 5-1/4 in. (Geothlypis trichas occidentalis. 681a.)

Olive-green, showing brownish tinge; _broad, black stripe across forehead and through eye_; bordered broadly with white; yellow beneath; _female_ duller and without black stripe and easily confused with female _Mourning_, _Connecticut_ and _Pine Warblers_; in low bushes; song, "witch-i-ty, witch-i-ty, witch-i-ty."

66. MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 5 in. (Dendroica maculosa. 657.)

Back and tail, black; crown blue-gray; yellow rump; _yellow_ below, streaked with black on breast and sides; white patch on wings; broad white band across tail, seen from below. *Myrtle Warbler. *Cape May Warbler.

67. AMERICAN GOLDFINCH. 5-1/4 in. (Astragalinus tristis. 529.)

Canary-yellow, with black crown, tail and wings; white wing-bars; female olive-tinged, without pure black or yellow; in flocks; canary-like song; also sings in its undulating flight, "per-_chic_-o-ree, per-_chic_-o-ree." *Yellow Warbler.

68. YELLOW WARBLER. 5 in. (Dendroica aestiva. 652.)

_Yellow all over_ shading to olive on back; orange-brown streaks on breast; female not so yellow and less streaked; song, penetrating and unceasing; nests in Lincoln Park. *American Goldfinch.

69. KINGBIRD. 8-1/2 in. (Tyrannus tyrannus. 644.)

Dusky black; below white; _tail tipped with broad band of white_; fire-red patch on crown, usually concealed; spreads its tail like a fan when about to alight.

70. BALTIMORE ORIOLE. 7-1/2 in. (Icterus galbula. 507.)

_Bright orange_, with black head, throat, back and wings; two white wing-bars; female smaller, brownish-yellow and showing little black; loud call, "co-weet', co-weet', co-weet';" song noteworthy. *Orchard Oriole. *Scarlet Tanager.

71. SUMMER TANAGER. 7-1/2 in. (Piranga rubra. 610.)

_Vermillion all over_; _no black_; female yellowish-olive and usually near the male; very rare. *Cardinal.

72. YELLOW-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. 5-1/2 in. (Empidonax flaviventris. 463.)

Bright olive-green, with dark-brown tail and wings; yellowish wing-bars; sulphur-yellow below, _brightest between legs_ and tinged elsewhere with pale olive; yellow eye-ring; call, a soft, slow whistle, "pe'-a." *Yellow-throated Vireo. *Least Flycatcher. *Pine Warbler.

73. BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER. 5-1/4 in. (Dendroica blackburniae. 662.)

Black streaked with white; middle of crown, throat and sides of head, _flaming orange_; black patch behind eye; white wing-bars; female duller; usually high up among the leaves. *Prothonotary Warbler.

74. OVENBIRD. 6-1/4 in. (Seiurus aurocapillus. 674.)

Olive-green showing yellow tinge; below pure white, thickly spotted; _orange-brown cap_ bordered with black stripes; scratches like a hen; tilts tail up and down; under shrubbery; note, "teacher" repeated rapidly with increasing emphasis. *Water-Thrushes.

75. RED-EYED VIREO. 6 in. (Vireo olivaceus. 624.)

Olive-green; crown, slaty; white below, lightly tinged on sides; _dark line above a white one over eye_; clear, persistent song; nests in Lincoln Park. *Warbling Vireo.

76. AMERICAN REDSTART. 5-1/4 in. (Setophaga ruticilla. 687.)

Male black, with _six flame-colored spots_; female olive, with _six yellow spots_; spreads its tail like a fan; song, "chee, chee, chee, chew."

77. CAPE MAY WARBLER. 5-1/4 in. (Dendroica tigrina. 650.)

Yellowish-olive spotted with black on back; crown very dark; cheeks yellow with an _orange-brown ear patch_; yellow below, black streaks on breast; wing-bars; song all on one note. *Black-throated Green Warbler. *Magnolia Warbler.

78. SCARLET TANAGER. 7-1/4 in. (Piranga erythromelas. 608.)

_Scarlet, with black wings and tail_; female olive-green, usually near by; rather sluggish; note, "chip, chree;" song noteworthy. *Cardinal. *Summer Tanager.

79. YELLOW-THROATED VIREO. 5-1/2 in. (Vireo flavifrons. 628.)

Bright olive-green, shading to ashy-blue on rump; _yellow throat_ and breast, sharply defined against white belly; line around eye and to the bill, yellow; two white wing-bars; fine song. *Yellow-bellied Flycatcher. *Blue-headed Vireo.

80. ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK. 8-1/4 in. (Zamelodia ludoviciana. 595.)

Black, including throat, with white rump and wing-patches; breast white with a brilliant rose-red blotch; lining of wings also rose-red; _large beak_; female yellowish-brown, darkly mottled, no red; sluggish; remarkable song.

81. PURPLE MARTIN. 7-1/2 in. (Progne subis. 611.)

Blue-black all over; female lighter and streaked with grayish-white below; often nests in bird houses; twittering song. *Tree Swallow. *Chimney Swift.

82. YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT. 7-1/4 in. (Icteria virens. 683.)

Olive-green; bright yellow below, belly _white_; region about eye black, marked with a white line above eye; white spot and shorter line below eye; the largest warbler; remarkable song. *Dickcissel. *Western Yellow-Throat. *Yellow-Throated Vireo.

83. BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER. 5-1/4 in. (Dendroica caerulescens. 654.)

Slaty-blue; below white, with black throat and sides; _conspicuous white patch on wing_; female grayish, no black, but may be recognized by _wing patch_; _hoarse_ note, "kree, kree." *Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

84. NASHVILLE WARBLER. 4-3/4 in. (Helminthophila rubricapilla. 645.)

Olive-green; head and neck bluish gray; indistinct brown patch on crown; _bright yellow below_; no wing bars; _white eye ring_; song, not loud, "wee'-see, wee'-see, wit'-a-wit'-a-wit'." *Tennessee Warbler.

85. WARBLING VIREO. 5-1/4 in. (Vireo gilvus. 627.)

Mouse gray, with olive rump; white below, tinged with greenish yellow; creamy-white around the eye; song, rippling warble. *Red-eyed Vireo. *Least Flycatcher.

86. BLUE-HEADED VIREO. 5-1/2 in. (Vireo solitarius. 629.)

Olive-green; _ashy-blue head_; pure white below, sides yellowish; line around the eye and to the bill, white; two white wing-bars; song, noteworthy. *Yellow-throated Vireo.

87. ORCHARD ORIOLE. 7 in. (Icterus spurius. 506.)

Male, rich _chestnut-brown_ with black head, wings and tail, narrow white wing-bar; female olivaceous above and greenish-yellow below with two white wing-bars; young male like female but with black throat; high trees; loud, clear song. *Baltimore Oriole.

88. LONG-BILLED MARSH WREN. 5-1/4 in. (Telmatodytes palustris. 725.)

Brown, almost black on head, tail and between shoulders, the latter streaked with white; barred only on wings and tail; _line over eye_ and middle of breast white; _long bill_; spluttering song. *Other Wrens.

89. BAY-BREASTED WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Dendroica castanea. 660.)

Ashy-brown, black-streaked; black cheeks and forehead; throat, upper part of breast, sides and crown, _rich chestnut brown_; white wing-bars. *Chestnut-sided Warbler.

90. PARULA WARBLER. 4-1/2 in. (Compsothlypis americana. 648.)

Grayish-blue, _yellowish across the back_; throat and breast yellow, latter crossed by brownish band; wing-bars; peculiar song. *Blue Golden-winged Warbler.

91. WOOD PEWEE. 6-1/4 in. (Contopus virens. 461.)

Dark olive-brown; brownish black on wings and tail; frowsy head; below white, showing olive tinge on sides; two narrow white wing-bars; plaintive note repeated slowly and often, "pee'to-way', pee'-to-way', hee'-rue." *Phoebe. *Least Flycatcher.

92. BOBOLINK. 7-1/2 in. (Dolichonyx orizivorus. 494.)

Male black with light back, creamy buff on neck; female, sparrow colored, streaked above; long merry musical song; open fields; in Lincoln Park usually seen in flocks flying overhead, singing on the wing.

93. BLUE GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER. 5 in. (Helminthophila chrysoptera. 642.)

Blue-gray; crown and _patch on wing_, golden yellow; _throat_, and stripe through eye, _black_; white below; song, drawling "zee, zee, zee, zee." *Parula Warbler.

94. INDIGO BUNTING. 5-3/4. in. (Cyanospiza cyanea. 598.)

_Indigo blue_; wings and tail blackish; female brown; in flocks; often feeds in the grass; noteworthy song. *Bluebird.

95. PROTHONOTARY WARBLER. 5-1/4 in. (Prothonotaria citrea. 637.)

Entire head, neck and breast, _bright orange yellow_; blue-gray wings, rump and tail; female duller; prefers shrubbery near water. *Blackburnian Warbler. *Yellow Warbler.

96. TENNESSEE WARBLER. 4-1/2 in. (Helminthophila peregrina. 647.)

Olive-green, brightest on rump; head and neck, blue gray; _dull white below_; faint white line over eye; no wing-bars; song, shrill and feeble. *Nashville Warbler.

97. MOURNING WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Geothlypis philadelphia. 679.)

Bright olive-green; head, neck, throat and upper part of breast, _bluish ash_; yellow belly; black band on breast; about bushes and in the grass; noteworthy song. *Connecticut Warbler.

98. CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER. 5 in. (Dendroica pennsylvanica. 659.)

Back shows black streaks mixed with olive-green; yellow cap; white below with dainty _chestnut markings on sides of breast_; song, "chee, chee, chee, chee'ar." *Bay-breasted Warbler.

99. WHIP-POOR-WILL. 9-3/4 in. (Antrostomus vociferus. 417.)

Mottled, strongly resembling the bark of certain trees; narrow white band across upper part of breast; big head; in daytime lies _motionless_, _lengthwise a branch_. *Nighthawk.

100. CERULEAN WARBLER. 4-1/2 in. (Dendroica caerulea. 658.)

_Azure-blue_, marked with black on back and sides of head; white below, streaked with blue; two white wing-bars; frequents tree-tops; song resembles that of _Parula_. *Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

101. HOODED WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Wilsonia mitrata. 684.)

Olive-green; yellow below; head, neck and upper breast, black; _yellow "mask" across forehead and cheeks_; white spots on tail; female less black. *Western Yellow-throat. *Wilson Black-cap Warbler. *Canadian Warbler.

102. BLACK-POLL WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Dendroica striata. 661.)

Streaked black and white; _black crown_; white cheeks; below white with line of black spots down sides; tree-tops; song, a staccato musical "chink" repeated rapidly. *Black and White Creeper.

103. YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOO. 12-1/4 in. (Coccyzus americanus. 387.)

Bronzy olive-gray; white below; _lower half of curved bill yellow_ tipped with black; outer tail-feathers black tipped _broadly_ with white; wings show a _reddish-brown tinge in flight_; glides stealthily from tree to tree and keeps concealed among the leaves; slowly droops and raises its tail when perching; song, loud "kuk-kuk, kuk-kuk." *Black-billed Cuckoo. *Mourning Dove.

104. CANADIAN WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Wilsonia canadensis. 686.)

Bluish-lead color; yellow below with a necklace of black spots; no wing-bars; noteworthy song. *Magnolia Warbler.

105. WILSON BLACK-CAP WARBLER. 4-3/4 in. (Wilsonia pusilla. 685.)

Bright olive-green; yellow below; _black cap_; in low bushes. *Pine Warbler. *Female Western Yellow-throat.

106. LINCOLN SPARROW. 5-3/4 in. (Melospiza lincolni. 583.)

_Finely_ streaked with black and brown; white beneath, with *broad buff band across the breast and down the sides; narrow streaks on throat, upper breast and sides; dark stripe on each side of throat from corner of mouth; very shy. *Song *and *Swamp Sparrows.

107. RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. 3-1/4 in. (Trochilus colubris. 428.)

Iridescent green and purple; male has ruby-red throat; frequents flowering shrubs and plants; darts here and there and poises in mid air with wings vibrating so rapidly that they make a humming noise; "squeaky note."

108. NIGHTHAWK. 9-1/2 in. (Chordeiles virginianus. 420.)

On the wing overhead after insects just before or at dusk; long, pointed wings _showing a white patch_; flight resembles that of _Chimney Swift_; sharp note, "skeep;" often nests on the flat roofs of city buildings. *Whip-poor-will.

109. BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO. 12 in. (Coccyzus erythropthalmus. 388.)

Bronzy olive-gray; white below; bill _entirely_ black; _only a little white_ on tail; movements like those of _Yellow-billed Cuckoo_; song, soft "coo-coo, coo-coo." *Yellow-billed Cuckoo. *Mourning Dove.

110. GRAY-CHEEKED THRUSH. 7-1/2 in. (Hylocichla aliciae. 757.)

Uniform olive; below white, _very palely_ suffused with buff; cheeks _gray tinged_; breast and sides of throat, spotted; usually silent in Lincoln Park. *Olive-backed and *other Thrushes.

111. YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD. 10-1/4 in. (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. 497.)

Black; head, throat and breast, _yellow_; white wing patch; female dark brown, yellow markings duller, no wing patch; female smaller than male.

112. DICKCISSEL. 6 in. (Spiza americana. 604.)

Streaked; ashy on head and neck; white chin; _black throat patch_; _yellow breast_; white belly; _line over eye, yellow_; wings show chestnut brown; female has less yellow and no throat patch. *Yellow-breasted Chat. *Meadowlark.

113. CONNECTICUT WARBLER. 5-1/2 in. (Geothlypis agilis. 678.)

Olive-green; head ashy with throat darker; _white ring_ around eye; belly yellow; wings long and pointed; low bushes and swampy places; penetrating call-note. *Mourning Warbler.

114. RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER. 9-1/2 in. (Centurus carolinus. 409.)

Black and white, back, wings and tail _barred transversely_ and very evenly; below grayish-white, _tinged with red_; top of head and back of neck crimson; female, crown gray; rare. *Red-headed Woodpecker. *Hairy Woodpecker.

Table of Occurrence.

In this table the birds are arranged according to the order of their comparative frequency or rarity, based upon personal observations in _Lincoln Park_. The abundance of the birds--that is, the number of individual birds of different species--is in no wise shown, but simply the relative representation of each species. For instance, out of a total of 454 mornings, covering observations during six years, the _Robin_ was seen on 383 different mornings.

The record for 1902, during the absence of the authors, is that of Mr. H. V. Bozell.