Part 1
PICTURE: LIGHT OF THE WORLD, Hunt
WHAT JESUS
TAUGHT
Written for The Deseret Sunday School Union
by
OSBORNE J. P. WIDTSOE
Author of
"The Restoration of the Gospel," Etc.
Published by
THE DESERET SUNDAY SCHOOL UNION
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
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FOREWORD
No other teacher in the history of the world has wielded so profound an influence upon humanity as has Jesus the Christ. Practically the whole world has been Christianized. His doctrines have entered not only into households but also into governments and nations. But the Christianity that prevails generally, is the doctrine of Jesus highly merged with the opinions of men. Indeed, the world's Christianity is often more largely man-made than Christ-made. A perfect knowledge of Jesus cannot be gained, however, until men learn more about what He Himself taught, and less about what scholars have said about His doctrine.
This little book is an attempt modestly to present in popular form the teachings of Jesus. It is intended for boys and girls of high-school age. It is to be understood, then, that there is here no exhaustive treatise of the teachings of Jesus; nor is there conducted a study and investigation of profound scholarship. Such a work from the Mormon point of view must be deferred, if desirable at all. But it is hoped that what Jesus taught--in part at least--is here presented simply and plainly and truly, so that anyone who reads may understand. It is further hoped that the writing of these lessons has been "moved by the Holy Ghost," so that those who read them may learn to love the teachings of Jesus, and to know and to love God, and His Son, Jesus, whom He sent to redeem the world. "Worship God: for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." O. J. P. W.
Salt Lake City, December 12, 1917.
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The Illustrations
Light of the World.
1. Christ and the Doctors.
2. Nazareth, Palestine.
3. Simeon Blessing the Lord.
4. Jesus and the Woman of Samaria.
5. Jesus and Nicodemus.
6. Christ Healing the Blind Man.
7. The Sower.
8. The Temptation of Christ.
9. Market Scene at Bethlehem.
10. The Forgiving Father.
11. The Consoling Christ.
12. Jesus Praying.
13. The River Jordan, Palestine.
14. "Lord, Help Me."
15. Raising the Dead.
16. The Garden of Gethsemane.
17. Baptism of Jesus.
18. None.
19. Jesus and the Fishermen.
20. Christ's Charge to Peter.
21. Christ Teaching from a Boat.
22. "Consider the Lilies."
23. Christ and the Rich Young Ruler.
24. Lazarus at the Rich Man's House.
25. The Sermon on the Mount.
26. None.
27. Jesus Blessing Little Children.
28. Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives.
29. The Good Samaritan.
30. Christ in the Home of Mary and Martha.
31. Jesus Washing Peter's Feet.
32. The Wise and the Foolish Virgins.
33. Christ Driving Out the Money-Changers.
34. Jesus Healing the Sick.
35. Christ before Pilate.
36. Touch Me Not.
37. The Good Shepherd.
38. Come Unto Me All Ye That Labor.
39. The Ascension.
40. Angel Moroni.
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Table of Contents
I
His Father's Business
Testimony of Napoleon--Universal worship of Jesus--Purpose of this book--Duties of Jesus at age of twelve--Jesus in the temple--His Father's business--What is eternal life?--Special mission of Jesus.
II
What It Means to Know God
Abraham's determination to serve God--God Himself--God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob--First Commandment--What does it mean to know Jesus Christ?--Necessary to understand God's plan--Divine mission of Jesus--What we would do if we had learned to know God and Jesus--The condition of eternal life.
III
The God of Israel
A very important question--The truth is simple and easy--Jesus's explanation of God--The testimony of Paul--God is our Father--A real joy to know the true God.
IV
What Jesus Said of Himself
Jesus's testimony to the woman of Samaria--The testimony of the people of Sychar--Jesus taught always that He is the Christ--The answer to John--The confessions at the trials of Jesus--And on the way to Emmaus--How shall we find out Christ?
V
The Special Witness of Jesus
The end of the period of preparation--The testimony at the baptism--John's testimony--Who the Comforter is--The mission of the Holy Ghost--The Holy Ghost in Jesus and the apostles--The Holy Ghost amongst the Nephites--How to confer the Holy Ghost--Nature of the Holy Ghost--Importance of the Holy Ghost.
VI
Before There Was An Earth
A remarkable vision--The pre-existence of Jesus--The spirits of all men eternal--The man born blind--Conclusion.
VII
The Presence of Evil
A review--The problem of evil--The parable of the sower--The meaning--The devil the power of evil--A council of the spirits--Jesus volunteers--Lucifer volunteers--Lucifer rebels--The declaration of Jesus.
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VIII
Why Evil is in the World
The devil's desperate hope--The temptation of Jesus--The application--Guard against suggestions of the devil--Why there is evil--The trial of man--A state of probation--The free agency of man.
IX
The Crown of Creation
A wonder-rousing sacrifice--Why should God be mindful of man?--The parable of the lost sheep--Man's soul without price--Man the offspring of God--The questions answered--Reverence for God--Reverence for personal honor--Reverence for personal purity.
X
The Forgiving Father
The parable of the prodigal--The forgiving father--Condemnation of the self-righteous--The publican and the Pharisee.
XI
Sincerity in Worship
Finding and losing one's life--The necessity of harmony--Three forms of temptation--Instruction in praying and alms-giving--The real value of worship--Humility and sincerity.
XII
How to Pray
The Lord's prayer--Jesus had found God--The prayers of the Jews--The prayer of Jesus--The Lord's prayer analyzed--Teach us to pray.
XIII
Persistence in Prayer
The Lord will answer--Pray often and persistently--The importunate friend--The unrighteous judge--An urgent desire necessary--Implicit trust necessary--Seek first the Kingdom of God--Labor and confidence hand in hand--The sin of worry--God knows best--Thy will be done.
XIV
The Power of Faith
Confidence vs. faith--The incident of the fig tree--Forgiveness accompanies prayer--Reason for concrete examples--The interpretation--Jesus's own interpretation--Examples of the power of faith--The dispensation of the fulness of times, the wonderful example.
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XV
The Handmaid of Faith
The case of Mr. Baldwin--Words added to faith--The principle of works--A parable--The works of Jesus--The works of man--Conclusion.
XVI
The Meaning of Repentance
The irreverence and ruthlessness of Pilate--The necessity of repentance--The barren fig tree--Repentance a fundamental doctrine--Jesus's exclamation against the wicked--Repentance a universal principle--Things of which to repent--The service principle of the Gospel.
XVII
Baptism by Immersion
The first principles and ordinances--Baptism essential to salvation--Humility and obedience the psychology of baptism--The law of obedience in daily life--The example set by Jesus--The purpose of baptism--The door of the sheep-fold.
XVIII
The Gift of the Holy Ghost
What Jesus told Nicodemus--The laying on of hands--The teaching and practice of Paul--The practice of the apostles--The teaching and practice of the apostles derived from Jesus--What is the gift of the Holy Ghost?--The conditions and the source of intelligence.
XIX
The Foundation Stone
A few questions--Parables by the sea--The meaning of the parables--The Church and the Kingdom--The testimony of Peter--The testimony of Jesus--Its significance.
XX
The Test of Authority
The figure of the architect--The application--One mark not sufficient--The submission of Jesus--The submission of the apostles--The second mark--Two orders of priesthood.
XXI
The Third Mark
The horror of darkness--The speech of the Indian Chief--The figure of the architect again--The plan of eternal life--The necessity of plans--The application--The principles of the Gospel--Men judged by the Gospel--The three marks.
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XXII
Single Minded Loyalty
A supreme privilege--The true worth of membership--Conditions of membership--Single minded loyalty--No man can serve two masters--A simple application--A parable in point--The light of the body--A summary--A paraphrase.
XXIII
Riches and the Kingdom of God
A liberal man--An unnatural doubt--The case of the rich young ruler--The difficulty of the sacrifice--The conclusion of Jesus--The amazement of the disciples--The power of God--A promise of worldly blessings--The object of the world's desire--The parable of the unjust steward.
XXIV
Succeeding With What One Has
The rich man and Lazarus--Wanted, a chance--The parable of the talents--A general law--The water boy--Intellectual endeavor--Spiritual growth--The lesson applied.
XXV
Think Right
The great commandment--The beatitudes--A high ideal of life--The great beatitude--The pure in heart--Things that defile--Vulgarity in thought, word and deed--Plain teaching.
XXVI
The Ugliness of Anger
The story of Cain--The occupation of Abel--The brothers' sacrifices--The anger of Cain--The murder of Abel--The lesson at home--The power of the mind--The teachings of Jesus--Jesus an example--The strength of self-control.
XXVII
With What Measure Ye Mete
The two school girls--The theft--The suspicion--The discovery--The tables turned--An every day occurrence--The mote and the beam--What Jesus said.
XXVIII
The Golden Rule
Positive instruction--The doctrine of reconciliation--The attitude of a citizen of the Kingdom--The doctrine of forgiveness--The parable of the unforgiving servant--The meaning--The right attitude towards our enemies--The golden rule.
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XXIX
The Good Samaritan
The law of love--The reward of brotherly love--Questions of the tempting lawyer--The parable of the good Samaritan--A discussion--The real neighbor--The fulness of the answer--The lesson clinched--The command renewed.
XXX
No One Can Live to Himself
The fable of the body and its members--The time of Aesop--The growth of society--A football squad--The teachings of Jesus--The family--The family sacred--The state--The state divinely instituted--The Church--Duties of membership--The teachings of our own Church.
XXXI
He That Exalteth Himself
The old law and the new--The teaching of Jesus psychological--A concrete example--The motive all important--Jesus's doctrine of rewards--A parable in point--A sound psychological principle--A further illustration--Peter and the question of recompense--The reward worth while--Conclusion.
XXXII
Extra Service
The parable of the laborers--The value of service in the world's work--The value of service in the Church--The test of profitableness--The application to the day's work--The application to the Church service--An exclamation against mere formal--performance of duty.
XXXIII
A Prophet in His Own Country
A perfect man and an exemplary leader--A work full of wonder--A healer and worker of miracles--The conditions in Palestine--A mission of love--The centurion's servant--Stilling the tempest--The raising of Lazarus--In His own country.
XXXIV
The Meaning of Miracles
The explanation of the scribes--The universal presence of law--The miracle of the telephone--Other miracles of science--The power of the Priesthood--The purpose of miracles--The privilege of the sick.
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XXXV
An Atoning Sacrifice
An incredible thought--Jesus's foreknowledge of His death--The necessity of Jesus's death--The significance of the death of Jesus--Worldly views of how Jesus's death can save--The real significance of the death of Jesus--The Nephite explanation--Why Jesus submitted to His enemies--The new testimony of Jesus.
XXXVI
The Place Called Paradise
A well established fact--The five appearances of the risen Christ--Five more appearances of the Christ and the ascension--The value of the testimony--Where had Jesus been?--Today in Paradise--The Gospel to the dead--A plain explanation--Every knee and every tongue.
XXXVII
Other Sheep
The first commission to the twelve--The leaven of the Gospel--The Kingdom of the Gentiles--The case of Cornelius--The preaching of Barnabas and Paul--"Other sheep"--A puzzling question--Forty days--In the land of the Nephites--The appearance of Jesus to the Nephites.
XXXVIII
Our Advocate With The Father
The householder and the husbandmen--God the great householder, Jesus the Son--The exaltation of Jesus--Our advocate with the Father--Many mansions in the Father's house--Lord of Lords and King of Kings--Jesus to come again--The nearness of Jesus.
XXXIX
The Living Christ
Jesus the living Christ--The testimony of Napoleon--The conviction of an English philosopher--Declarations of Emerson and Webster--Additional testimony--Reasons for strong testimonies in the Church--Evidences of testimony in the Church--"The testimony last of all."
XL
A Religion Worth While
The feeding of the five thousand--The meat that endures to everlasting life--What Jesus taught--The acts of the apostles--The great apostasy--The restoration of the Gospel--A religion that satisfies--A comprehensive religion--A Church of authority--The bread of life.
{12} PICTURE: CHRIST AND THE DOCTORS, Hofmann
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What Jesus Taught
I
HIS FATHER'S BUSINESS
[Sidenote: The testimony of Napoleon.]
When the great military hero and world conqueror, Napoleon Bonaparte, lived in exile on the island of St. Helena, he declared that Jesus was so supremely great that it is impossible to make comparisons between Him and any other being in the world. "I know men," said Napoleon, "and I tell you that Jesus is not a man. Everything in Him amazes me. His spirit outreaches mine, and His will confounds me."
[Sidenote: The universal worship of Jesus.]
It is wonderful that a man like Napoleon, whose natural arms were fire and the sword, should be so deeply impressed by the life and teachings of the lowly Nazarene. But Napoleon is not alone in his admiration and love. Throughout the nineteen centuries that have passed since the Master lived upon the earth, men of every clime have learned to know Him and to worship Him. Today there are but few peoples known to mankind that do not acknowledge Jesus the Christ. The wonderful story of His life has thrilled both the young and the old the world over since first it was told. The wisdom, the justice, and the loving kindness of all His teachings, have inspired the nations to make them better. No other man in all the history of the world has exerted so profound an influence on the lives of his fellowmen, and on the laws that govern them.
{14} [Sidenote: The purpose of this book.]
Now, you have read in other books the story of the life of Jesus. You know when and where He was born; how God the Father protected His Son; how he grew to manhood, waxing strong in spirit; how He taught, and wrought miracles amongst His own people; how they rejected Him and crucified Him; and how He rose from death and returned to His Father in heaven. It is a strangely beautiful story. But we do not want to retell it here. It must be our purpose, in this little book, to tell as interestingly as may be what Jesus taught. Certainly, it must be interesting to know something of the teachings of the Man who has made so profound an impression upon the history of the world. We want to know what the life-work of Jesus means to us and to our fellowmen. And to begin, we must try to find out what Jesus Himself thought about His mission on the earth.
[Sidenote: The new duties of Jesus at the age of twelve.]
When Jesus reached the age of twelve years, He entered--according to Jewish custom--upon a new and important period in His life. You may be used to thinking of Jesus as a very wonderful boy, altogether different from other boys. That is not quite true. Jesus was a perfectly natural and normal boy. He liked to run and jump and play the games that other boys played. He had to go to school as other Jewish boys did--first at His mother's knee, then at the village synagogue. Jesus was unlike other boys in that He began early to understand something of the nature of His mission upon the earth. This made Him like serious things, and often to think about the teachings of {15} God; for it was the aim of all Jewish education to learn about God and His commands, and how to keep them. Now, when Jesus became twelve years of age, there came to Him many new duties. The Jewish law required that He should assume all the religious responsibilities that devolved naturally upon a faithful Jew. Amongst other things, Jesus must hereafter go to the temple three times a year, to fulfill the demands of the law. Accordingly, when Joseph and Mary set out for Jerusalem, to observe the Feast of the Passover, soon after their eldest son's twelfth birthday, they took Him with them.
[Sidenote: Jesus in the temple.]
It is needless here to follow in detail the journey of the pilgrims over the great highway, across the Plain of Jezreel to Bethshean, down the western side of the Jordan Valley to Jericho, and then four thousand feet upward over the barren, robber-infested hills of the wilderness of Judea to Jerusalem. Jesus seems to have been much impressed by the road, for He referred to it later in the parable of the Good Samaritan.
When the celebration of the feast of the Passover was accomplished, Joseph and Mary set out to return to Nazareth. They had complete confidence in Jesus, so they did not look for Him till they reached Bethany. Jesus was not there to be found. Anxious at heart the parents returned to Jerusalem; and there, after three days, they found Him discoursing in the temple with Shammai and the learned teachers of the temple. The boy's zeal for knowledge had caused Him to remain at the temple even after the feast was over. "And all that {16} heard Him were astonished at His understanding and answers."
When Mary saw her son in the midst of the learned men of Israel, she cried to Him, "Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? Behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing."
"And He said unto them. How is it that ye sought me? Wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?"
"And they understood not the saying which He spake unto them."
[Sidenote: His Father's Business.]
It was, indeed, a strange saying to understand. Not Joseph and Mary alone, but countless thousands of people have failed to understand it. Do you think you know what the boy Jesus meant? Of course, to understand, one must know what the Father's business is. Then we can understand what Jesus thought about His mission on the earth. "For," Jesus said many years later when He had grown to manhood, "I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of Him that sent me."
What, then, is the will of God? What is His Father's business? Once, many hundreds of years before Jesus was born, God gave to a man named Moses a marvelous revelation. Moses saw how the earth had been formed, and how living things were put upon it. He saw how man was shaped in the image of God and placed upon the earth to have dominion over it. Then God said to Moses, "Behold, this is my work and my glory--to bring to pass the immortality and eternal life of man."
{17} This, then, is the Father's business; this is His will. It is exactly what Jesus told Joseph Smith, the great American Prophet, in our own dispensation: "And if you keep my commandments and endure to the end, you shall have eternal life, which gift is the greatest of all the gifts of God." And it is also exactly what Jesus taught while He dwelt among men. Said He, "And this is the will of Him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on Him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day."
[Sidenote: What is eternal life?]
But perhaps it is not quite clear yet what the Father's will is. Perhaps you are asking yourself, What is eternal life? Of course, eternal, or everlasting life, is a condition of being--or of living--in which there is no death. When we gain the gift of eternal life, we shall go on living for ever and ever. Jesus gave once an excellent definition of the conditions of eternal life. He had spent considerable time exhorting His disciples, and instructing them in things that were yet to come. Then He raised his eyes to heaven and prayed; and in the course of that prayer, He said, "This is life eternal, that they might know Thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent."
[Sidenote: The special mission of Jesus.]
Now we may begin to understand fully what Jesus thought about His mission on the earth. God did not put men on the earth to destroy them. He put them here to save them, if they would be saved. It is the glory of God to save men, to bring to pass their salvation and everlasting exaltation. This is the Father's business. But to gain the gift of eternal life men must learn to know {18} God. Here then we discover the nature of Jesus's mission. As child and boy and man, Jesus devoted His life to learning to know God and to the teaching of His brethren also to know Him. Through the love and sacrifice of Jesus, we may gain eternal life. In the temple, the boy of twelve was about His Father's business, learning and explaining. As a man, He fulfilled the will of His Father, making it possible for men to know God. In His death. He accomplished the general salvation of mankind, making it possible for them to gain eternal life.
It is small wonder that Napoleon revered the Man who thus unselfishly devoted His life to the good of His fellowmen, and finally laid it down for their salvation. We shall be glad to study the teachings of this Man. But first, we must understand what it means to know God and Jesus Christ whom He hath sent.
THE REFERENCES
Luke 2:42-52. Moses 1:39.
John 6:38-40. Doc. and Cov. 14:7.
John 17:1-3.
THE QUESTIONS
1. What, in your opinion, is the value of Napoleon's testimony of Jesus?
2. What does Napoleon admit in his testimony?
3. What peoples in the world today do not acknowledge Jesus the Christ?
4. Name some points in which the world has been affected by the teachings of Jesus.
5. Outline briefly the story of the life of Jesus.
6. Why should it be more important to know the teachings of Jesus than merely to know the story of His life?
7. What new responsibilities came to Jesus when He reached the age of twelve years?
{19} 8. Why did Jesus remain at the temple in Jerusalem when the feast of the Passover was accomplished?
9. What was the answer that puzzled His mother?
10. Why were men placed upon the earth?
11. What are the conditions of eternal life?
12. In what sense has Jesus always been about His Father's business?
13. What should be our attitude toward the Father's business?
{20} PICTURE: NAZARETH, PASESTINE
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II
WHAT IT MEANS TO KNOW GOD
[Sidenote: Abraham's determination to serve God.]
What does it mean to know God and Jesus Christ whom He hath sent? About two thousand years before Jesus was born, there lived in a land called Ur of the Chaldees, a young man whose name was Abram. Abram seems to have been a very intelligent and serious-minded person. Like many another good man in ancient and modern times, he strove to find out the true and living God. But it was very difficult to do so in Abram's time, for most of Abram's people had forsaken the worship of Jehovah, and had turned to the worship of idols and graven images. This grieved Abram very much. He determined that he would serve the true God; and that if necessary, he would move away from his father's house to a strange place, in order that he might worship as his conscience demanded. The priests who served the strange gods worshipped by Abram's kindred, heard of Abram's righteousness, and his refusal to worship the images of wood and stone and metal they had set up. They determined, therefore, to seize Abram and to sacrifice him on the altar of Elkanah.
[Sidenote: God Himself.]