Chapter 84

Brood (?), v.t. 1. To sit over, cover, and cherish; as, a hen broods her chickens. 2. To cherish with care. [R.] 3. To think anxiously or moodily upon. You'll sit and brood your sorrows on a throne. Dryden. Brood¶y (?), a. Inclined to brood. Ray. Brook (?), n. [OE. brok, broke, brook, AS. brÓc; akin to D. broek, LG. brÓk, marshy ground, OHG. pruoh, G. bruch marsh; prob. fr. the root of E. break, so as that it signifies water breaking through the earth, a spring or brook, as well as a marsh. See Break, v.t.] A natural stream of water smaller than a river or creek. The Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, a land of brooks of water. Deut.viii.7. Empires itself, as doth an inland brook Into the main of waters. Shak. Brook, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooking.] [OE. broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, digest, AS. br?can; akin to D. gebruiken to use, OHG. pr?hhan, G. brauchen, gebrauchen, Icel. br?ka, Goth. br?kjan, and L. frui, to enjoy. Cf. Fruit, Broker.] 1. To use; to enjoy. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. To bear; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; as, young men can not brook restraint. Spenser. Shall we, who could not brook one lord, Crouch to the wicked ten? Macaulay. 3. To deserve; to earn. [Obs.] Sir J.Hawkins. Brook¶ite (?), n. [Named from the English mineralogist, H.J.Brooke.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of titanic oxide, and hence identical with rutile and octahedrite in composition, but crystallizing in the orthorhombic system. Brook¶let (?), n. A small brook. Brook¶lime· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Veronica Beccabunga), with flowers, usually blue, in axillary racemes. The American species is V. Americana. [Formerly written broklempe or broklympe.] Brook¶ mint· (?). (Bot.) See Water mint. Brook¶side· (?), n. The bank of a brook. Brook¶weed· (?), n. (Bot.) A small whiteÐflowered herb (Samolus Valerandi) found usually in wet places; water pimpernel. Broom (?), n. [OE. brom, brome, AS. brÓm; akin to LG. bram, D. brem, OHG. br¾mo broom, thorn?bush, G. brombeere blackberry. Cf. Bramble, n.] 1. (Bot.) A plant having twigs suitable for makingÿbrooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers. No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom. Wordsworth. 2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; Ð so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom. Butcher's broom, a plant (Ruscus aculeatus) of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; Ð called also knee holly. See Cladophyll. Ð Dyer's broom, a species of mignonette (Reseda luteola), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket. Ð Spanish broom. See under Spanish. Broom, v.t. (Naut.) See Bream. Broom¶ corn· (?). (Bot.) A variety of Sorghum vulgare, having a joined stem, like maize, rising to the height of eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on a panicle with long branches, of which brooms are made. Broom¶ rape· (?). (Bot.) A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Ludovicianum. Broom¶staff· (?), n. A broomstick. [Obs.] Shak. Broom¶stick· (?), n. A stick used as a handle of a broom. Broom¶y (?), a. Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom. If land grow mossy or broomy. Mortimer. Brose (?), n. [CF. Gael. brothas. Cf. Brewis, Broth.] Pottage made by pouring some boilingÿliquid on meal (esp. oatmeal), and stirring it. It is called beef brose, water brose, etc., according to the name of the liquid (beef broth, hot water, etc.) used. [Scot.] Brot¶el (?), a. Brittle. [Obs.] Chaucer. Brot¶elÏness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.] Chaucer. Broth (?), n. [AS. bro?; akin to OHG. brod, brot; cf. Ir. broth, Gael. brot. û93. Cf. Brewis, Brew.] Liquid in which flesh (and sometimes other substances, as barley or rice) has been boiled; thin or simple soup. I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you love broth better than soup. Addison. Broth¶el (?), n. [OE. brothel, brodel, brethel, a prostitute, a worthless fellow, fr. AS. ber¢?an to ruin, destroy; cf. AS. bre¢tan to break, and E. brittle. The term brothel house was confused with bordel brothel. CF. Bordel.] A house of lewdness or ill fame; a house frequented by prostitutes; a bawdyhouse. Broth¶elÏer (?), n. One who frequents brothels. Broth¶elÏry (?), n. Lewdness; obscenity; a brothel. B.Jonson. Broth¶er (?), n.; pl. Brothers (?) or Brethren (?). See Brethren. [OE. brother, AS. brÓ?or; akin to OS. brothar, D. broeder, OHG. pruodar, G. bruder, Icel. brÓ?ir, Sw. & Dan. broder, Goth. brÓ?ar, Ir. brathair, W. brawd, pl. brodyr, Lith. brolis, Lett. brahlis, Russ. brat', Pol. & Serv. brat, OSlav. brat?, L. frater, Skr. bhr¾t?, Zend. bratar brother, Gr. ?, ?, a clansman. The common plural is Brothers; in the solemn style, Brethren, OE. pl. brether, bretheren, AS. dat. sing. brÇ?er, nom. pl. brÓ?or, brÓ?ru. û258. Cf. Frair, Fraternal.] 1. A male person who has the same father and mother with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case he is more definitely called a half brother, or brother of the half blood. Two of us in the churchyard lie, My sister and my brother. Wordsworth. 2. One related or closely united to another by some common tie or interest, as of rank, profession, membership in a society, toil, suffering, etc.; Ð used among judges, clergymen, monks, physicians, lawers, professors of religion, etc. ½A brother of your order.¸ Shak. We few, we happy few, we band of brothers, For he toÐday that sheds his blood with me Shall be my brother. Shak. 3. One who, or that which, resembles another in distinctive qualities or traits of character. He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster. Prov.xviii.9. That April morn Of this the very brother. Wordsworth. µ In Scripture, the term brother is applied to a kinsman by blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, brother or brethren is used for fellowÐmanÿor fellowÐmen. For of whom such massacre Make they but of their brethren, men of men? Milton. Brother Jonathan, a humorous designation for the people of the United States collectively. The phrase is said to have originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull, governor of Connecticut, as ½Brother Jonathan.¸ Ð Blood brother. See under Blood. Broth¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brothered (?).] To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood. Sir W.Scott. Broth¶er ger¶man (?). (Law) A brother by both the father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a uterine brother, one by the mother only. Bouvier. Broth¶erÏhood (?), n. [Brother + Ïhood.] 1. The state of being brothers or a brother. 2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity. 3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, Ð especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood. 4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind. A brotherhood of venerable trees. Wordsworth. Syn. - Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality. Broth¶erÐinÐlaw· (?), n.; pl. BrothersÐinÏlaw (?). The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister. Broth¶erÏliÏness (?), n. The state or quality of being brotherly. Broth¶erÏly (?), a. Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love. Syn. - Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender. Broth¶erÏly, adv. Like a brother; affectionately; kindly. ½I speak but brotherly of him.¸ Shak. Broud¶ed (?), p.a. Braided; broidered. [Obs.] Alle his clothes brouded up and down. Chaucer. Brough¶am (?), n. A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so arranged as to turn short. Brow (?), n. [OE. browe, bruwe, AS. br?; akin to AS. br?w, bre w, eyelid, OFries. brÇ, D. braauw, Icel. br¾, br?n, OHG. pr¾wa, G. braue, OSlav. br?v?, Russ. brove, Ir. brai, Ir. & Gael. abhra, Armor. abrant, Gr. ?, Skr. bhr?. Cf. Bray a bank, Bridge.] 1. The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it, forming an arch above the orbit. And his arched brow, pulled o'er his eyes, With solemn proof proclaims him wise. Churchill. 2. The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the eyes); the eyebrow. 'T is not your inky brows, your brack silk hair. Shak. 3. The forehead; as, a feverish brow. Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow. Shak. 4. The general air of the countenance. To whom thus Satan with contemptuous brow. Milton. He told them with a masterly brow. Milton. 5. The edge or projecting upper aprt of a steep place; as, the brow of a precipice; the brow of a hill. To bend the brow, To knit the brows, to frown; to scowl. Brow, v.t. To boundÿto limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.] Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts That brow this bottom glade. Milton. Brow¶beat· (?), v.t. [imp. Browbeat; p.p. Browbeaten (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browbeating.] To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to browbeat witnesses. My grandfather was not a man to be browbeaten. W.Irving. Brow¶beat·ing, n. The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, suspercilious manners, or confident assertions. The imperious browbeating and scorn of great men. L'Estrange. Brow¶bound· (?), a. Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem. Shak. Browd¶yng (?), n. Embroidery. [Obs.] Of goldsmithrye, of browdying, and of steel. Chaucer. Browed (?), a. Having (such) a brow; Ð used in composition; as, darkÐbrowed, sternÐbrowed. Brow¶less (?), a. Without shame. L.Addison. Brown (?), a. [Compar. Browner (?); superl. Brownest.] [OE. brun, broun, AS. br?n; akin to D. bruin, OHG. br?n, Icel. br?nn, Sw. brun, Dan. bruun, G. braun, Lith. brunas, Skr. babhru. û93, 253. Cf. Bruin, Beaver, Burnish, Brunette.] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow. Cheeks brown as the oak leaves. Longfellow. Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. Ð Brown bread. (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread. ½He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic.¸ Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] Ð Brown coal, wood coal. See Lignite. Ð Brown hematitre or Brown iron ore (Min.), the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite. Ð Brown holland. See under Holland. Ð Brown paper, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. Ð Brown sparÿ(Min.), a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. Ð Brown stone. See Brownstone. Ð Brown stout, a strong kind of proter or malt liquor. Ð Brown study, a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie. W.Irving. Brown, n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue. Brown, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browned (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browning.] 1. To make brown or dusky. A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves, Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves. Barlow. 2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour. 3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface. Ure. Brown, v.i. To become brown. Brown¶back· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The dowitcher or redÐbreasted snipe. See Dowitcher. Brown¶ bill· (?). [Brown + bill cuttingÿtool.] A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill. Many time, but for a sallet, my brainp?n had been cleft with a brown bill. Shak. µ The black, or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head. Grose. Brown¶iÏan (?), a. Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown, who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of the motion described below. Brownian movement, the peculiar, rapid, vibratory movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when suspended in water or other fluids. Brown¶ie (?), n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary goodÐnatured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.] Brown¶ing, n. 1. The act or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc. 2. (Masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster. Brown¶ish, a. Somewhat brown. Brown¶ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists. Milton. Brown¶ism, n. (Med.) The doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See Brunonian. Brown¶ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Brown, of England, in the 16th century, who taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power to elect and depose its officers. Brown¶ist, n. (Med.) One who advocates the Brunonian system of medicine. Brown¶ness, n. The quality or state of being brown. Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair); Only in brownness beauty dwelleth there. Drayton. Brown¶stone· (?), n. A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes. Brown¶ thrush¶ (?). (Zo”l.) A common American singing bird (Harporhynchus rufus), allied to the mocking bird; Ð also called brown thrasher. Brown¶wort· (?), n. (Bot.) A species 9figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and otherÿspecies of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers. Brown¶y (?), a. Brownÿor, somewhat brown. ½Browny locks.¸ Shak. Brow¶post· (?), n. (Carp.) A beam that goes across a building. Browse (?), n. [OF. brost, broust, sprout, shoot, F. brout browse, browsewood, prob. fr. OHG. burst, G. borste, bristle; cf. also Armor. broustaÿto browse. See Bristle, n., Brush, n.] The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food. Spenser. Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed, On browse, and corn, and flowery meadows feed. Dryden. Browse, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browsed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browsing.] [For broust, OF. brouster, bruster, F. brouter. See Browse, n., and cf. Brut.] 1. To eat or nibble off, as the tender branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; Ð said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some other animals. Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets, The barks of trees thou browsedst. Shak. 2. To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to graze. Fields ... browsed by deepÐuddered kine. Tennyson.

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