Chapter 82

Brit¶tle star· (?). Any speciesÿof ophiuran starfishes. See Ophiuroidea. Britz¶ska (?), n. [Russ. britshka; cf. Pol. bryczka, dim. of bryka freight wagon.] A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to give space for recliningÿat night, when used on a journey. Brize (?), n. The breeze fly. See Breeze. Shak. Broach (?), n. [OE. broche, F. broche, fr. LL. brocca; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. proc thrust, stab, Gael. brog awl. Cf. Brooch.] 1. A spit. [Obs.] He turned a broach that had worn a crown. Bacon. 2. An awl; a bodkin; also, a wooden rod or pin, sharpened at each end, used by thatchers. [Prov. Eng.] Forby. 3. (Mech.) (a) A tool of steel, generally tapering, and of a polygonal form, with from four to eight cutting edges, for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal; sometimes made smooth or without edges, as for burnishing pivot holes in watches; a reamer. The broach for gun barrels is commonly square and without taper. (b) A straight tool with file teeth, made of steel, to be pressed through irregular holes in metal that cannot be dressed by revolving tools; a drift. 4. (Masonry) A broad chisel for stonecutting. 5. (Arch.) A spire rising from a tower. [Local, Eng.] 6. A clasp for fastening a garment. See Brooch. 7. A spitlike start, on the head of a young stag. 8. The stick from which candle wicks are suspended for dipping. Knight. 9. The pin in a lock which enters the barrel of the key. Broach, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broached (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broaching.] [F. brocher, fr. broche. See Broach, n.] 1. To spit; to pierce as with a spit. I'll broach the tadpole on my rapier's point. Shak. 2. To tap; to pierce, as a cask, in order to draw the liquor. Hence: To let out; to shed, as blood. Whereat with blade, with bloody blameful blade, He bravely broached his boiling bloody breast. Shak. 3. To open for the first time, as stores. You shall want neither weapons, victuals, nor aid; I will open the old armories, I will broach my store, and will bring forth my stores. Knolles. 4. To make public; to utter; to publish first; to put forth; to introduce as a topic of conversation. Those very opinions themselves had broached. Swift. 5. To cause to begin or break out. [Obs.] Shak. 6. (Masonry) To shape roughly, as a block of stone, by chiseling with a coarse tool. [Scot. & North of Eng.] 7. To enlarge or dress (a hole), by using a broach. To broach to (Naut.), to incline suddenly to windward, so as to lay the sails aback, and expose the vessel to the danger of oversetting. Broach¶er (?), n. 1. A spit; a broach. On five sharp broachers ranked, the roast they turned. Dryden. 2. One who broaches, opens, or utters; a first publisher or promoter. Some such broacher of heresy. Atterbury. Broad (?), a. [Compar. Broader (?); superl. Broadest.] [OE. brod, brad, AS. br¾d; akin to OS. brÇd, D. breed, G. breit, Icel. brei?r, Sw. & Dan. bred, Goth. braids. Cf. Breadth.] 1. Wide; extend in breadth, or from side to side; Ð opposed to narrow; as, a broad street, a broad table; an inch broad. 2. Extending far and wide; extensive; vast; as, the broad expanse of ocean. 3. Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full. ½Broad and open day.¸ Bp. Porteus. 4. Fig.: Having a large measure of any thing or quality; not limited; not restrained; Ð applied to any subject, and retaining the literal idea more or less clearly, the precise meaning depending largely on the substantive. A broad mixture of falsehood. Locke. Hence: Ð 5. Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged. The words in the Constitution are broad enough to include the case. D.Daggett. In a broad, statesmanlike, and masterly way. E.Everett. 6. Plain; evident; as, a broad hint. 7. Free; unrestrained; unconfined. As broad and general as the casing air. Shak. 8. (Fine Arts) Characterized by breadth. See Breadth. 9. Cross; coarse; indelicate; as, a broad compliment; a broad joke; broad humor. 10. Strongly marked; as, a broad Scotch accent. µ Broad is often used in compounds to signify wide, large, etc.; as, broadÐchested, broadÐshouldered, broadÐspreading, broadÐwinged. Broad acres. See under Acre. Ð Broad arrow, originally a pheon. See Pheon, and Broad arrow under Arrow. Ð As broad as long, having the length equal to the breadth; hence, the same one way as another; coming to the same result by different ways or processes. It is as broad as long, whether they rise to others, or bring others down to them. L'Estrange. Ð Broad pennant. See under Pennant. Syn. - Wide; large; ample; expanded; spacious; roomy; extensive; vast; comprehensive; liberal. Broad, n. 1. The broad part of anything; as, the broad of an oar. 2. The spread of a river into a sheet of water; a flooded fen. [Local, Eng.] Southey. 3. A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders. Knight. Broad¶ax· Broad¶axe· } (?), n. 1. An ancient military weapon; a battleÐax. 2. An ax with a broad edge, for hewingÿtimber. Broad¶bill· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) A wild duck (Aythya, or Fuligula, marila), which appears in large numbers on the eastern coast of the United States, in auntum; Ð called also bluebill, blackhead, raft duck, and scaup duck. See Scaup duck. 2. (Zo”l.) The shoveler. See Shoveler. Broad¶brim· (?), n. 1. A hat with a very broad brim, like those worn by men of the society of Friends. 2. A member of the society of Friends; a Quaker. [Sportive] Broad¶Ðbrimmed· (?), a. Having a broad brim. A broadÐbrimmed flat silver plate. Tatler. Broad¶cast· (?), n. (Agric.) A casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the hand in sowing. Broad¶cast·, a. 1. Cast or dispersed in all directions, as seed from the hand in sowing; widely diffused. 2. Scattering in all directions (as a method of sowing); Ð opposed to planting in hills, or rows. Broad¶cast·, adv. So as to scatter or be scattered in all directions; so as to spread widely, as seed from the hand in sowing, or news from the press. Broad¶ Church· (?). (Eccl.) A portion of the Church of England, consisting of persons who claim to hold a position, in respect to doctrine and fellowship, intermediate between the High Church party and the Low Church, or evangelical, party. The term has been applied to otherbodies of men holding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian doctrine and fellowship. Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England. It is called by different names: Moderate, Catholic, or Broad Church, by its friends; Latitudinarian or Indifferent, by its enemies. Its distinctive character is the desire of comprehension. Its watch words are charity and toleration. Conybeare. Broad¶cloth (?), n. A fine smoothÐfaced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); Ð so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide. Broad¶en (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broadened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broadening (?).] [From Broad, a.] To grow broad; to become broader or wider. The broadening sun appears. Wordsworth. Broad¶en, v.t. To make broad or broader; to render more broad or comprehensive. Broad¶ gauge· (?). (Railroad) A wider distance between the rails than the ½standard¸ gauge of four feet eight inches and a half. See Gauge. Broad¶Ðhorned· (?), a. Having horns spreading widely. Broad¶ish, a. Rather broad; moderately broad. Broad¶leaf· (?), n. (Bot.) A tree (Terminalia latifolia) of Jamaica, the wood of which is used for boards, scantling, shingles, etc; Ð sometimes called the almond tree, from the shape of its fruit. Broad¶Ðleaved· (?), Broad¶Ðleafed· (?), a. Having broad, or relatively broad, leaves. Keats. Broad¶ly, adv. In a broad manner. Broad¶mouth· (?), n. (Zo”l.) One of the Eurylaimid‘, a family of East Indian passerine birds. Broad¶ness, n. [AS. br¾dnes.] The conditionÿor quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness; grossness. Broad¶piece· (?), n. An old English gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolus or Jacobus. Broad¶ seal· (?). The great seal of England; the public seal of a country or state. Broad¶seal·, v.t. To stamp with the broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee or warrant. [Obs.] Thy presence broadseals our delights for pure. B.Jonson. Broad¶side· (?), n. 1. (Naut.) The side of a ship aboveÿthe water line, from the bow to the quarter. 2. A discharge of or from all the guns on one side of a ship, at the same time. 3. A volley of abuse or denunciation. [Colloq.] 4. (Print.) A sheet of paper containing one large page, or printed on one side only; Ð called also broadsheet. Broad¶spread· (?), a. Widespread. Broad¶spread·ing, a. Spreading widely. Broad¶sword· (?), n. A sword with a broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore. I heard the broadsword's deadly clang. Sir W.Scott. Broad¶wise· (?), adv. Breadthwise. [Archaic] Brob (?), n. [Cf. Gael. brog, E. brog, n.] (Carp.) A peculiar bradÐshaped spike, to be driven alongside the end of an abutting timber to prevent its slipping. Brob·dingÏnag¶iÏan (?), a. [From Brobdingnag, a country of giants in ½Gulliver's Travels.¸] Colossal' of extraordinary height; gigantic. Ð n. A giant. [Spelt often Brobdignagian.] BroÏcade¶ (?), n. [Sp. brocado (cf. It. broccato, F. brocart), fr. LL. brocare *prick, to figure (textile fabrics), to emboss (linen), to stitch. See Broach.] Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamented with raised flowers, foliage, etc.; Ð also applied to other stuffs thus wrought and enriched. A gala suit of faded brocade. W.Irving. BroÏcad¶ed (?), a. 1. Woven or worked, as brocade, with gold and silver, or with raised flowers, etc. Brocaded flowers o'er the gay mantua shine. Gay. 2. Dressed in brocade. Bro¶cage (?), n. See Brokkerage. Broc¶ard (?), n. [Perh. fr. Brocardica, Brocardicorum opus, a collection of ecclesiastical canons by Burkhard, Bishop of Worms, called, by the Italians and French, Brocard.] An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or metaphysics. The legal brocard, ½Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus,¸ is a rule not more applicable to other witness than to consciousness. Sir W.Hamilton. Bro¶caÏtel (?), n. [F. brocatelle, fr. It. brocatello: cf. Sp. brocatel. See Brocade.] 1. A kind of coarse brocade, or figured fabric, used chiefly for tapestry, linings for carriages, etc. 2. A marble, clouded and veined with white, gray, yellow, and red, in which the yellow usually prevails. It is also called Siena marble, from its locality. Bro·caÏtel¶lo (?), n. Same as Brocatel. Broc¶coÏli (?), n. [It. broccoli, pl. of broccolo sprout, cabbage sprout, dim. of brocco splinter. See Broach, n.] (Bot.) A plant of the Cabbage species (Brassica oleracea) of many varieties, resembling the cauliflower. The ½curd,¸ or flowering head, is the part used for food. Broch¶anÏtite (?), n. [From Brochant de Villiers, a French mineralogist.] (Min.) A basic sulphate of copper, occurring in emeraldÐgreen crystals. ØBro·ch‚¶ (?), a. [F.] Woven with a figure; as, broch‚ goods. ØBroche (?), n. [F.] See Broach, n. ØBroÏchure¶ (?), n. [F., fr. brocher to stitch. See Broach, v.t.] A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a pamphlet. Brock (?), n. [AS. broc, fr. W. broch; akin to Ir. & Gael. broc, Corn. & Armor. broch; cf. Ir. & Gael. breac speckled.] (Zo”l.) A badger. Or with pretense of chasing thence the brock. B.Jonson. Brock, n. [See Brocket.] (Zo”l.) A brocket. Bailey. Brock¶er (?), n. [OE. broket, F. broquart fallow deer a year old, fr. the same root as E. broach, meaning point (hence tine of a horn).] 1. (Zo”l.) A male red deer two years old; Ð sometimes called brock. 2. (Zo”l.) A small South American deer, of several species (Coassus superciliaris, C. rufus, and C. auritus). Brock¶ish, a. Beastly; brutal. [Obs.] Bale. Brode¶kin (?), n. [F. brodequin, OE. brossequin, fr. OD. broseken, brosekin, dim. of broos buskin, prob. fr. LL. byrsa leather, Gr. ? skin, hide. Cf. Buskin.] A buskin or halfÐboot. [Written also brodequin.] [Obs.] Brog (?), n. [Gael. Cf. Brob.] A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a needle, or a small ship stick. Brog, v.t. To prod with a pointed instrument, as a lance; also, to broggle. [Scot. & Prov.] Sir W.Scott. Bro¶gan (?), n. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogue. Brog¶gle (?), v.i. [Dim. of Prov. E. brog to broggle. Cf. Brog, n.] To sniggle, or fish with a brog. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. Brogue (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. brog shoe, hoof.] 1. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogan. µ In the Highlands of Scotland, the ancient brogue was made of horsehide or deerskin, untanned or tenned with the hair on, gathered round the ankle with a thong. The name was afterward given to any shoe worn as a part of the Highland costume. Clouted brogues, patched brogues; also, brogues studded with nails. See under Clout, v.t. 2. A dialectic pronunciation; esp. the Irish manner of pronouncing English. Or take, Hibernis, thy still ranker brogue. Lloyd. Brogues (?), n. pl. [Cf. Breeches.] Breeches. [Obs.] Shenstone. Broid (?), v.t. To braid. [Obs.] Chaucer. Broid¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broidered (?).] [OE. broiden, brouden, F. broder, confused with E. braid; F. broder is either the same word as border to border (see Border), or perh. of Celtic origin; cf. W. brathu to sting, stab, Ir. & Gael. brod goad, prickle, OE. brod a goad; and also Icel. broddr a spike, a sting, AS. brord a point.] To embroider. [Archaic] They shall make a broidered coat. Ex.xxviii.4. Broid¶erÏer (?), n. One who embroiders. [Archaic] Broid¶erÏy (?), n. Embroidery. [Archaic] The golden broidery tender Milkah wove. Tickell. Broil (?), n. [F. brouiller to disorder, from LL. brogilus, broilus, brolium, thicket, wood, park; of uncertain origin; cf. W. brog a swelling out, OHG. prÓil marsh, G. brhl, MHG. brogen to rise. The meaning tumult, confusion, comes apparently from tangled undergrowth, thicket, and this possibly from the meaning to grow, rise, sprout.] A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention; discord, either between individuals or in the state. I will own that there is a haughtiness and fierceness in human nature which will which will cause innumerable broils, place men in what situation you please. Burke. Syn. - Contention; fray; affray; tumult; altercation; dissension; discord; contest; conflict; brawl; uproar. Broil, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broiled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broiling.] [OE. broilen, OF. bruillir, fr. bruirÿto broil, burn; of Ger. origin; cf. MHG. brejen, G. brhen, to scald, akin to E. brood.] 1. To cook by direct exposure to heat over a fire, esp. upon a gridiron over coals. 2. To subject to great (commonly direct) heat. Broil, v.i. To be subjected to the action of heat, as meat over the fire; to be greatly heated, or to be made uncomfortable with heat. The planets and comets had been broiling in the sun. Cheyne. Broil¶er (?), n. One who excites broils; one who engages in or promotes noisy quarrels. What doth he but turn broiler, ... make new libels against the church? Hammond. Broil¶er, n. 1. One who broils, or cooks by broiling. 2. A gridiron or other utensil used in broiling. 3. A chicken or other bird fit for broiling. [Colloq.] Broil¶ing, a. Excessively hot; as, a broiling sun. Ð n. The act of causing anything to broil. Bro¶kage (?), n. See Brokerage. Broke (?), v.i. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.] 1. To transact business for another. [R.] Brome. 2. To act as procurer in love matters; to pimp. [Obs.] We do want a certain necessary woman to broke between them, Cupid said. Fanshawe. And brokes with all that can in such a suit Corrupt the tender honor of a maid. Shak.

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