Chapter 69

upon a buckler or bridle; a stud; a knob; the central projection of a shield. See Umbilicus. 3. (Arch.) A projecting ornament placed at the intersection of the ribs of ceilings, whether vaulted or flat, and in other situations. 4. [Cf. D. bus box, Dan. b”sse.] A wooden vessel for the mortar used in tiling or masonry, hung by a hook from the laths, or from the rounds of a ladder. Gwilt. 5. (Mech.) (a) The enlarged part of a shaft, on which a wheel is keyed, or at the end, where it is coupled to another. (b) A swage or die used for shaping metals. 6. A head or reservoir of water. [Obs.] Boss (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bossed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bossing.] [OE. bocen, fr. OF. bocier. See the preceding word.] To ornament with bosses; to stud. Boss, n. [D. baas master.] A master workman or superintendent; a director or manager; a political dictator. [Slang, U. S.] Boss¶age (?), n. [F. bossage, fr. bosse. See Boss a stud.] 1. (Arch.) A stone in a building, left rough and projecting, to be afterward carved into shape. Gwilt. 2. (Arch.) Rustic work, consisting of stones which seem to advance beyond the level of the building, by reason of indentures or channels left in the joinings. Gwilt. Bossed (?), a. Embossed; also, bossy. Bos¶set (?), n. [Cf. Boss a stud.] (Zo”l.) A rudimental antler of a young male of the red deer. Boss¶ism (?), n. The rule or practices of bosses, esp. political bosses. [Slang, U. S.] Boss¶y (?), a. Ornamented with bosses; studded. Bos¶sy, n. [Dim. fr. Prov. E. boss in bossÐcalf, bussÐcalf, for booseÐcalf, prop., a calf kept in the stall. See 1st Boose.] A cor or calf; Ð familiarly so called. [U. S.] Bos¶ton (?), n. A game at cards, played by four persons, with two packs of fiftyÐtwo cards each; Ð said to be so called from Boston, Massachusetts, and to have been invented by officers of the French army in America during the Revolutionary war. BosÏwell¶iÏan (?), a. Relating to, or characteristic of, Boswell, the biographer of Dr. Johnson. Bos¶wellÏism (?), n. The style of Boswell. Bot (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Bots. BoÏtan¶ic (?), BoÏtan¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. botanique. See Botany.] Of or pertaining to botany; relating to the study of plants; as, a botanical system, arrangement, textbook, expedition. Ð Botan¶icÏalÏly, adv. Botanic garden, a garden devoted to the culture of plants collected for the purpose of illustrating the science of botany. Ð Botanic physician, a physician whose medicines consist chiefly of herbs and roots. Bot¶aÏnist (?), n. [Cf. F. botaniste.] One skilled in botany; one versed in the knowledge of plants. Bot¶aÏnize (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Botanized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Botanizing (?).] [Cf. F. botaniser.] To seek after plants for botanical investigation; to study plants. Bot¶aÏnize, v. t. To explore for botanical purposes. Bot¶aÏni·zer (?), n. One who botanizes. Bot·aÏnol¶oÏger (?), n. A botanist. [Obs.] Bot·aÏnol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Botany + Ïlogy: cf. F. botanologie.] The science of botany. [Obs.] Bailey. Bot¶aÏnoÏman·cy (?), n. [Botany + Ïmancy: cf. F. botanomantie.] An ancient species of divination by means of plants, esp. sage and fig leaves. Bot¶aÏny (?), n.; pl. Botanies (?). [F. botanique, a. & n., fr. Gr. ? botanic, fr. ? herb, plant, fr. ? to feed, graze.] 1. The science which treats of the structure of plants, the functions of their parts, their places of growth, their classification, and the terms which are employed in their description and denomination. See Plant. 2. A book which treats of the science of botany. µ Botany is divided into various departments; as, Structural Botany, which investigates the structure and organic composition of plants; Physiological Botany, the study of their functions and life; and Systematic Botany, which has to do with their classification, description, nomenclature, etc. Bot¶aÏny Bay¶ (?). A harbor on the east coast of Australia, and an English convict settlement there; Ð so called from the number of new plants found on its shore at its discovery by Cook in 1770. Hence, any place to which desperadoes resort. Botany Bay kino (Med.), an astringent, reddish substance consisting of the inspissated juice of several Australian species of Eucalyptus. Ð Botany Bay resin (Med.), a resin of reddish yellow color, resembling gamboge, the product of different Australian species of Xanthorrh‘a, esp. the grass three (X. hastilis.) BoÏtar¶go (?), n. [It. bottarga, bottarica; or Sp. botarga; a kind of large sausages, a sort of wide breeches: cf. F. boutargue.] A sort of cake or sausage, made of the salted roes of the mullet, much used on the coast of the Mediterranean as an incentive to drink. Botch (?), n.; pl. Botches (?). [Same as Boss a stud. For senses 2 & 3 cf. D. botsen to beat, akin to E. beat.] 1. A swelling on the skin; a large ulcerous affection; a boil; an eruptive disease. [Obs. or Dial.] Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton. 2. A patch put on, or a part of a garment patched or ?ended in a clumsy manner. 3. Work done in a bungling manner; a clumsy performance; a piece of work, or a place in work, marred in the doing, or not properly finished; a bungle. To leave no rubs nor botches in the work. Shak. Botch, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Botched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Botching.] [See Botch, n.] 1. To mark with, or as with, botches. Young Hylas, botched with stains. Garth. 2. To repair; to mend; esp. to patch in a clumsy or imperfect manner, as a garment; Ð sometimes with up. Sick bodies ... to be kept and botched up for a time. Robynson (More's Utopia). 3. To put together unsuitably or unskillfully; to express or perform in a bungling manner; to spoil or mar, as by unskillful work. For treason botched in rhyme will be thy bane. Dryden. Botch¶edÏly (?), adv. In a clumsy manner. Botch¶er (?), n. 1. One who mends or patches, esp. a tailor or cobbler. Shak. 2. A clumsy or careless workman; a bungler. 3. (Zo”l.) A young salmon; a grilse. Botch¶erÏly, a. Bungling; awkward. [R.] Botch¶erÏy (?), n. A botching, or that which is done by botching; clumsy or careless workmanship. Botch¶y (?), a. Marked with botches; full of botches; poorly done. ½This botchy business.¸ Bp. Watson. Bote (?), n. [Old form of boot; Ð used in composition. See 1st Boot.] (Law) (a) Compensation; amends; satisfaction; expiation; as, man bote, a compensation or a man slain. (b) Payment of any kind. Bouvier. (c) A privilege or allowance of necessaries. µ This word is still used in composition as equivalent to the French estovers, supplies, necessaries; as, housebote, a sufficiency of wood to repair a house, or for fuel, sometimes called firebote; so plowbote, cartbote, wood for making or repairing instruments of husbandry; haybote or hedgebote, wood for hedges, fences, etc. These were privileges enjoyed by tenants under the feudal system. Burrill. Bouvier. Blackstone. Bote¶less, a. Unavailing; in vain. See Bootless. Bot¶fly· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A dipterous insect of the family ( Estrid‘, of many different species, some of which are particularly troublesome to domestic animals, as the horse, ox, and sheep, on which they deposit their eggs. A common species is one of the botflies of the horse (Gastrophilus equi), the larv‘ of which (bots) are taken into the stomach of the animal, where they live several months and pass through their larval states. In tropical America one species sometimes lives under the human skin, and another in the stomach. See Gadfly. Both (?), a. or pron. [OE. bothe, ba?e, fr. Icel. b¾?ir; akin to Dan. baade, Sw. b†da, Goth. baj??s, OHG. beid?, b?d?, G. & D. beide, also AS. begen, b¾, b?, Goth. bai, and Gr. ?, L. ambo, Lith. ab…, OSlav. oba, Skr. ubha. ?310. Cf. AmbÐ.] The one and the other; the two; the pair, without exception of either. µ It is generally used adjectively with nouns; as, both horses ran away; but with pronouns, and often with nous, it is used substantively, and followed by of. It frequently stands as a pronoun. She alone is heir to both of us. Shak. Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant. Gen. xxi. 27. He will not bear the loss of his rank, because he can bear the loss of his estate; but he will bear both, because he is prepared for both. Bolingbroke. It is often used in apposition with nouns or pronouns. Thy weal and woe are both of them extremes. Shak. This said, they both betook them several ways. Milton. Both now always precedes any other attributive words; as, both their armies; both our eyes. Both of is used before pronouns in the objective case; as, both of us, them, whom, etc.; but before substantives its used is colloquial, both (without of) being the preferred form; as, both the brothers. Both, conj. As well; not only; equally. Both precedes the first of two co”rdinate words or phrases, and is followed by and before the other, both ... and ...; as well the one as the other; not only this, but also that; equally the former and the latter. It is also sometimes followed by more than two co”rdinate words, connected by and expressed or understood. To judge both quick and dead. Milton. A masterpiece both for argument and style. Goldsmith. To whom bothe heven and erthe and see is sene. Chaucer. Both mongrel, puppy, whelp, and hound. Goldsmith. He prayeth well who loveth well Both man and bird and beast. Coleridge. Both¶er (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bothered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bothering.] [Cf. Ir. buaidhirt trouble, buaidhrim I vex.] To annoy; to trouble; to worry; to perplex. See Pother. µ The imperative is sometimes used as an exclamation mildly imprecatory. Both¶er, v. i. To feel care or anxiety; to make or take trouble; to be troublesome. Without bothering about it. H. James. Both¶er, n. One who, or that which, bothers; state of perplexity or annoyance; embarrassment; worry; disturbance; petty trouble; as, to be in a bother. Both·erÏa¶tion (?), n. The act of bothering, or state of being bothered; cause of trouble; perplexity; annoyance; vexation. [Colloq.] Both¶erÏer (?), n. One who bothers. Both¶erÏsome (?), a. Vexatious; causing bother; causing trouble or perplexity; troublesome. Both¶Ðhands· (?), n. A factotum. [R.] He is his master's bothÐhands, I assure you. B. Jonson. Both¶ie (?), n. Same as Bothy. [Scot.] Both¶niÏan (?), Both¶nic (?), } a. Of or pertaining to Bothnia, a country of northern Europe, or to a gulf of the same name which forms the northern part of the Baltic sea. Ø BothÏren¶chyÏma (?), n. [Gr. ? pit + ? something poured in. Formed like parenchyma.] (Bot.) Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen in many kinds of wood. Both¶y (?) Booth¶y (?) n.; pl. Ïies (?) [Scottish. Cf. Booth.] A wooden hut or humble cot, esp. a rude hut or barrack for unmarried farm servants; a shepherd's or hunter's hut; a booth. [Scot.] Ø Bo·toÏcu¶dos (?), n. pl. [Pg. botoque stopple. So called because they wear a wooden plug in the pierced lower lip.] A Brazilian tribe of Indians, noted for their use of poisons; Ð also called Aymbor‚s. Bo¶ tree· (?). (Bot.) The peepul tree; esp., the very ancient tree standing at Anurajahpoora in Ceylon, grown from a slip of the tree under which Gautama is said to have received the heavenly light and so to have become Buddha. The sacred bo tree of the Buddhists (Ficus religiosa), which is planted close to every temple, and attracts almost as much veneration as the status of the god himself ....It differs from the banyan (Ficus Indica) by sending down no roots from its branches. Tennent. Bot¶ryÏoÏgen (?), n. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïgen.] (Min.) A hydrous sulphate of iron of a deep red color. It often occurs in botryoidal form. Bot¶ryÏoid (?), Bot·ryÏoid¶al (?), } a. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïoid.] Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like a cluster of grapes, as a mineral presenting an aggregation of small spherical or spheroidal prominences. Bot¶ryÏoÏlite (?), n. [Gr. ? cluster of grapes + Ïlite.] (Min.) A variety of datolite, usually having a botryoidal structure. Bot¶ryÏose· (?), a. (Bot.) (a) Having the form of a cluster of grapes. (b) Of the racemose or acropetal type of inflorescence. Gray. Bots (?), n. pl. [Cf. Gael. botus belly worm, boiteag maggot.] (Zo”l.) The larv‘ of several species of botfly, especially those larv‘ which infest the stomach, throat, or intestines of the horse, and are supposed to be the cause of various ailments. [Written also botts.] See Illust. of Botfly. BotÏtine¶ (?), n. [F. See Boot (for the foot.).] 1. A small boot; a lady's boot. 2. An appliance resembling a small boot furnished with straps, buckles, etc., used to correct or prevent distortions in the lower extremities of children. Dunglison. Bot¶tle (?), n. [OE. bote, botelle, OF. botel, bouteille, F. bouteille, fr. LL. buticula, dim. of butis, buttis, butta, flask. Cf. Butt a cask.] 1. A hollow vessel, usually of glass or earthenware (but formerly of leather), with a narrow neck or mouth, for holding liquids. 2. The contents of a bottle; as much as a bottle contains; as, to drink a bottle of wine. 3. Fig.: Intoxicating liquor; as, to drown one's reason in the bottle. µ Bottle is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound. Bottle ale, bottled ale. [Obs.] Shak. Ð Bottle brush, a cylindrical brush for cleansing the interior of bottles. Ð Bottle fish (Zo”l.), a kind of deepÐsea eel (Saccopharynz ampullaceus), remarkable for its baglike gullet, which enables it to swallow fishes two or three times its won size. Ð Bottle flower. (Bot.) Same as Bluebottle. Ð Bottle glass, a coarse, green glass, used in the manufacture of bottles. Ure. Ð Bottle gourd (Bot.), the common gourd or calabash (Lagenaria Vulgaris), whose shell is used for bottles, dippers, etc. Ð Bottle grass (Bot.), a nutritious fodder grass (Setaria glauca and S. viridis); Ð called also foxtail, and green foxtail. Ð Bottle tit (Zo”l.), the European longÐtailed titmouse; Ð so called from the shape of its nest. Ð Bottle tree (Bot.), an Australian tree (Sterculia rupestris), with a bottleÐshaped, or greatly swollen, trunk. Ð Feeding bottle, Nursing bottle, a bottle with a rubber nipple (generally with an intervening tubve), used in feeding infants. Bot¶tle, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bottled (?) p. pr. & vb. n. Bottling (?).] To put into bottles; to inclose in, or as in, a bottle or bottles; to keep or restrain as in a bottle; as, to bottle wine or porter; to bottle up one's wrath. Bot¶tle, n. [OE. botel, OF. botel, dim. of F. botte; cf. OHG. bozo bunch. See Boss stud.] A bundle, esp. of hay. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer. Shak. Bot¶tled (?), a. 1. Put into bottles; inclosed in bottles; pent up in, or as in, a bottle. 2. Having the shape of a bottle; protuberant. Shak. Bot¶tle green· (?). A dark shade of green, like that of bottle glass. Ð Bot¶tleÐgreen·, a. Bot¶tleÏhead· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A cetacean allied to the grampus; Ð called also bottleÏnosed whale<-- bottle-nosed dolphin?-->. µ There are several species so named, as the pilot whales, of the genus Globicephalus, and one or more species of Hypero”don (H. bidens, etc.), found on the European coast. See Blackfish, 1. Bot¶tleÏhold·er (?), n. 1. One who attends a pugilist in a prize fight; Ð so called from the bottle of water of which he has charge. 2. One who assists or supports another in a contest; an abettor; a backer. [Colloq.] Lord Palmerston considered himself the bottleholder of oppressed states. The London Times. Bot¶tleÐnose· (?), a. Having the nose bottleshaped, or large at the end. Dickens. Bot¶tler (?), n. One who bottles wine, beer, soda water, etc. Bot¶tleÏscrew· (?) n. A corkscrew. Swift. Bot¶tling (?) n. The act or the process of

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? anything into bottles (as beer, mineral water, etc., and corking the bottles.