Chapter 62

Ap¶oÏplex·y (?), n. [OE. poplexye, LL. poplexia, apoplexia, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to cripple by a stroke; ? from + ? to strike: cf. F. apoplexie. See Plague.] (Med.) Sudden diminution or loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion, usually caused by pressure on the brain. µ The term is now usually limited to cerebral apoplexy, or loss of consciousness due to effusion of blood or other lesion within the substance of the brain; but it is sometimes extended to denote an effusion of blood into the substance of any organ; as, apoplexy of the lung. Ap·oÏret¶icÏal (?), a. [Gr. ?. See Aporia.] Doubting; skeptical. [Obs.] Cudworth. Ø AÏpo¶riÏa (?), n.; pl. Aporias . [L., doubt, Gr. ?, fr. ? without passage, at a loss; ? priv. + ? passage.] (Rhet.) A figure in which the speaker professes to be at a loss what course to pursue, where to begin to end, what to say, etc. Ø Ap·oÏro¶sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?. See Aporia.] (Zo”l.) A group of corals in which the coral is not porous; Ð opposed to Perforata. Ap·oÏrose¶ (?), a. (Zo”l.) Without pores. AÏport¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ + port.] (Naut.) On or towards the port or left side; Ð said of the helm. Ø Ap·oÏsi·oÏpe¶sis (?; 277), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, from ? to be quite silent.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which the speaker breaks off suddenly, as if unwilling or unable to state what was in his mind; as, ½I declare to you that his conduct Ð but I can not speak of that, here.¸ Ap·oÏsit¶ic , a. [Gr. ?; ? from + ? food.] (Med.) Destroying the appetite, or suspending hunger. AÏpos¶taÏsy (?), n.; pl. Apostasies (?). [OE. apostasie, F. apostasie, L. apostasia, fr. Gr. ? a standing off from, a defection, fr. ? to stand off, revolt; ? from + ? to stand. See Off and Stand.] An abandonment of what one has voluntarily professed; a total desertion of departure from one's faith, principles, or party; esp., the renunciation of a religious faith; as, Julian's apostasy from Christianity. AÏpos¶tate (?), n. [L. apostata, Gr. ?, fr. ?. See Apostasy.] 1. One who has forsaken the faith, principles, or party, to which he before adhered; esp., one who has forsaken his religion for another; a pervert; a renegade. 2. (R. C. Ch.) One who, after having received sacred orders, renounces his clerical profession. AÏpos¶tate, a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, apostasy; faithless to moral allegiance; renegade. So spake the apostate angel. Milton. A wretched and apostate state. Steele. AÏpos¶tate, v. i. [L. apostatare.] To apostatize. [Obs.] We are not of them which apostate from Christ. Bp. Hall. Ap·oÏstat¶ic (?), a. [L. apostaticus, Gr. ?.] Apostatical. [R.] Ap·oÏstat¶icÏal (?), a. Apostate. An heretical and apostatical church. Bp. Hall. AÏpos¶taÏtize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Apostatized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Apostatizing.] [LL. apostatizare.] To renounce totally a religious belief once professed; to forsake one's church, the faith or principles once held, or the party to which one has previously adhered. He apostatized from his old faith in facts, took to believing in ?emblances. Carlyle. AÏpos¶teÏmate (?), v. i. [See Aposteme.] To form an abscess; to swell and fill with pus. Wiseman. AÏpos·teÏma¶tion (?), n. [LL. apostematio: cf. F. apost‚mation.] (Med.) The formation of an aposteme; the process of suppuration. [Written corruptly imposthumation.] Wiseman. Ap·osÏtem¶aÏtous (?), a. Pertaining to, or partaking of the nature of, an aposteme. Ap¶osÏteme (?), n. [L. apostema, Gr. ? the separation of corrupt matter into an ulcer, fr. ? to stand off: cf. F. apostŠme. See Apostasy.] (Med.) An abscess; a swelling filled with purulent matter. [Written corruptly imposthume.] Ø A· posÏte·riÏo¶ri (?). [L. a (ab) + posterior latter.] 1. (Logic) Characterizing that kind of reasoning which derives propositions from the observation of facts, or by generalizations from facts arrives at principles and definitions, or infers causes from effects. This is the reverse of a priori reasoning. 2. (Philos.) Applied to knowledge which is based upon or derived from facts through induction or experiment; inductive or empirical. AÏpos¶til (?), AÏpos¶tille (?), } n. [F. apostille. See Postil.] A marginal note on a letter or other paper; an annotation. Motley. AÏpos¶tle (?), n. [OE. apostle, apostel, postle, AS. apostol, L. apostolus, fr. Gr. ? messenger, one sent forth or away, fr. ? to send off or away; ? from + ? to send; akin to G. stellen to set, E. stall: cf. F. ap“tre, Of. apostre, apostle, apostele, apostole.] 1. Literally: One sent forth; a messenger. Specifically: One of the twelve disciples of Christ, specially chosen as his companions and witnesses, and sent forth to preach the gospel. He called unto him his disciples, and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles. Luke vi. 13. µ The title of apostle is also applied to others, who, though not of the number of the Twelve, yet were equal with them in office and dignity; as, ½Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ.¸ 1 Cor. i. 1. In Heb. iii. 1, the name is given to Christ himself, as having been sent from heaven to publish the gospel. In the primitive church, other ministers were called apostles (Rom. xvi. 7). 2. The missionary who first plants the Christian faith in any part of the world; also, one who initiates any great moral reform, or first advocates any important belief; one who has extraordinary success as a missionary or reformer; as, Dionysius of Corinth is called the apostle of France, John Eliot the apostle to the Indians, Theobald Mathew the apostle of temperance. 3. (Civ. & Admiralty Law) A brief letter dimissory sent by a court appealed from to the superior court, stating the case, etc.; a paper sent up on appeals in the admiralty courts. Wharton. Burrill. Apostles' creed, a creed of unknown origin, which was formerly ascribed to the apostles. It certainly dates back to the beginning of the sixth century, and some assert that it can be found in the writings of Ambrose in the fourth century. Ð ÷ spoon (Antiq.), a spoon of silver, with the handle terminating in the figure of an ~. One or more were offered by sponsors at baptism as a present to the godchild. B. Jonson. AÏpos¶tleÏship (?), n. The office or dignity of an apostle. AÏpos¶toÏlate (?), n. [L. apostolatus, fr. apostolus. See Apostle.] 1. The dignity, office, or mission, of an apostle; apostleship. Judas had miscarried and lost his apostolate. Jer. Taylor. 2. The dignity or office of the pope, as the holder of the apostolic see. Ap·osÏtol¶ic (?), Ap·osÏtol¶icÏal (?), } a. [L. apostolicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. apostolique.] 1. Pertaining to an apostle, or to the apostles, their times, or their peculiar spirit; as, an apostolical mission; the apostolic age. 2. According to the doctrines of the apostles; delivered or taught by the apostles; as, apostolic faith or practice. 3. Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy; papal. Apostolical brief. See under Brief. Ð Apostolic canons, a collection of rules and precepts relating to the duty of Christians, and particularly to the ceremonies and discipline of the church in the second and third centuries. Ð Apostolic church, the Christian church; Ð so called on account of its apostolic foundation, doctrine, and order. The churches of Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem were called apostolic churches. Ð Apostolic constitutions, directions of a nature similar to the apostolic canons, and perhaps compiled by the same authors or author. Ð Apostolic fathers, early Christian writers, who were born in the first century, and thus touched on the age of the apostles. They were Polycarp, Clement, Ignatius, and Hermas; to these Barnabas has sometimes been added. Ð Apostolic king (or majesty), a title granted by the pope to the kings of Hungary on account of the extensive propagation of Christianity by St. Stephen, the founder of the royal line. It is now a title of the emperor of Austria in right of the throne of Hungary. Ð Apostolic see, a see founded and governed by an apostle; specifically, the Church of Rome; Ð so called because, in the Roman Catholic belief, the pope is the successor of St. Peter, the prince of the apostles, and the only apostle who has successors in the apostolic office. Ð Apostolical succession, the regular and uninterrupted transmission of ministerial authority by a succession of bishops from the apostles to any subsequent period. Hook. Ap·osÏtol¶ic, n. [L. apostolicus.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of one of certain ascetic sects which at various times professed to imitate the practice of the apostles. Ap·osÏtol¶icÏalÏly, adv. In an apostolic manner. Ap·osÏtol¶icÏalÏness, n. Apostolicity. Dr. H. More. Ap·osÏtol¶iÏcism (?), AÏpos·toÏlic¶iÏty (?), } n. The state or quality of being apostolical. AÏpos¶troÏphe (?), n. [(1) L., fr. Gr. ? a turning away, fr. ? to turn away; ? from + ? to turn. (2) F., fr. L. apostrophus ~, the turning away or omitting of a letter, Gr. ?.] 1. (Rhet.) A figure of speech by which the orator or writer suddenly breaks off from the previous method of his discourse, and addresses, in the second person, some person or thing, absent or present; as, Milton's apostrophe to Light at the beginning of the third book of ½Paradise Lost.¸ 2. (Gram.) The contraction of a word by the omission of a letter or letters, which omission is marked by the character ['] placed where the letter or letters would have been; as, call'd for called. 3. The mark ['] used to denote that a word is contracted (as in ne'er for never, can't for can not), and as sign of the possessive, singular and plural; as, a boy's hat, boys' hats. In the latter use it originally marked the omission of the letter e. The ~ is used to mark the plural of figures and letters; as, two 10's and three a's. It is also employed to mark the close of a quotation. Ap·osÏtroph¶ic (?), a. Pertaining to an apostrophe, grammatical or rhetorical. AÏpos¶troÏphize (?), v. t., [imp. & p. p. Apostrophized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Apostrophizing.] 1. To address by apostrophe. 2. To contract by omitting a letter or letters; also, to mark with an apostrophe (') or apostrophes. AÏpos¶troÏphize, v. i. To use the rhetorical figure called apostrophe. Ap¶osÏtume (?), n. See Aposteme. [Obs.] Ap·oÏtac¶tite (?), n. [LL. pl. apotactitae, Gr. ?, fr. ? set apart; ? from + ? to arrange, ordain.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of ancient Christians, who, in supposed imitation of the first believers, renounced all their possessions. AÏpot¶eÏlesm (?), n. [See Apotelesmatic.] 1. The result or issue. [Obs.] 2. (Astrol.) The calculation and explanation of a nativity. [Obs.] Bailey. Ap·oÏtel·esÏmat¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? effect of the stars on human destiny, fr. ? to complete; ? from + ? to end, ? end.] 1. Relating to the casting of horoscopes. [Archaic] Whewell. 2. Relating to an issue of fulfillment. In this way a passage in the Old Testament may have, or rather comprise, an apotelesmatic sense, i. e, one of after or final accomplishment. M. Stuart. AÏpoth¶eÏcaÏry (?), n.; pl. Apothecaries . [OE. apotecarie, fr. LL. apothecarius, fr. L. apotheca storehouse, Gr. ?, fr. ? to pu? away; ? from + ? to put: cf. F. apothicaire, OF. apotecaire. See Thesis.] One who prepares and sell? drugs or compounds for medicinal purposes. µ In England an ~ is one of a privileged class of practitioners Ð a kind of subÐ physician. The surgeon ~ is the ordinary family medical attendant. One who sells drugs and makes up prescriptions is now commonly called in England a druggist or a pharmaceutical chemist. Apothecaries' weight, the system of weights by which medical prescriptions were formerly compounded. The pound and ounce are the same as in Troy weight; they differ only in the manner of subdivision. The ounce is divided into 8 drams, 24 scruples, 480 grains. See Troy weight. Ø Apo·Ïthe¶ciÏum , n.; pl. Apothecia (?). [NL.] (Bot.) The ascigerous fructification of lichens, forming masses of various shapes. Ap¶oÏthegm, Ap¶ophÏthegm } (?), n. [Gr. ? thing uttered, apothegm, from ? to speak out; ? from + ? to speak.] A short, pithy, and instructive saying; a terse remark, conveying some important truth; a sententious precept or maxim. [Apothegm is now the prevalent spelling in the United States.] Ap·oÏthegÏmat¶ic (?), Ap·oÏthegÏmat¶icÏal (?), } a. Gr. ?.] Pertaining to, or in the manner of, an apotghem; sententious; pithy. Ap·oÏtheg¶maÏtist (?), n. A collector or maker of apothegms. Pope. Ap·oÏtheg¶maÏtize (?), v. i. To utter apothegms, or short and sententious sayings. Ap¶oÏthem (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? that which is placed, ? to place.] 1. (Math.) The perpendicular from the center to one of the sides of a regular polygon. 2. A deposit formed in a liquid extract of a vegetable substance by exposure to the air. Ap·oÏthe¶oÏsis (?; 277), n. pl. Apotheoses (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to deify; ? from + ? to deify, ? a god.] 1. The act of elevating a mortal to the rank of, and placing him among, ½the gods;¸ deification. 2. Glorification; exaltation. ½The apotheosis of chivalry.¸ Prescott. ½The noisy apotheosis of liberty and machinery.¸ F. Harrison. Ap·oÏthe¶oÏsize (?), v. t. To exalt to the dignity of a deity; to declare to be a god; to deify; to glorify. Ø AÏpoth¶eÏsis (?), n. [Gr. ? a putting back or away, fr. ?. See Apothecary.] (Arch.) (a) A place on the south side of the chancel in the primitive churches, furnished with shelves, for books, vestments, etc. Weale. (b) A dressing room connected with a public bath. Ø AÏpot¶oÏme (?), n. [Gr. ? a cutting off, fr. ? to cut off; ? from + ? to cut.] 1. (Math.) The difference between two quantities commensurable only in power, as between ?2 and 1, or between the diagonal and side of a square. 2. (Mus) The remaining part of a whole tone after a smaller semitone has been deducted from it; a major semitone. [Obs.] Ap¶oÏzem (?), n. [L. apozema, Gr. ?, fr. ? to extract by boiling; ? from + ? boil.] (Med.) A decoction or infusion. [Obs.] Wiseman. Ap·oÏzem¶icÏal (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a decoction. [Obs.] J. Whitaker. ApÏpair¶ (?), v. t. & i. [OF. empeirier, F. empire. See Impair.] To impair; to grow worse. [Obs.] Ap·paÏla¶chiÏan (?), a. Of or pertaining to a chain of mountains in the United States, commonly called the Allegheny mountains. µ The name Appalachian was given to the mountains by the Spaniards under De Soto, who derived it from the heighboring Indians. Am. Cyc. ApÏpall¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appalled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Appalling.] [OF. appalir to grow pale, make pale; a (L. ad) + pƒlir to grow pale, to make pale, pƒle pale. See Pale, a., and cf. Pall.] 1. To make pale; to blanch. [Obs.] The answer that ye made to me, my dear,... Hath so appalled my countenance. Wyatt. 2. To weaken; to enfeeble; to reduce; as, an old appalled wight. [Obs.] Chaucer. Whine, of its own nature, will not congeal and freeze, only it will lose the strength, and become appalled in extremity of cold. Holland. 3. To depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear in such a manner that the mind shrinks, or loses its firmness; to overcome with sudden terror or horror; to dismay; as, the sight appalled the stoutest heart. The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum. Clarendon.

Syn. - To dismay; terrify; daunt; frighten; affright; scare; depress. See Dismay. ApÏpall¶, v. i. 1. To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged. [Obs.] Gower. 2. To lose flavor or become stale. [Obs.] ApÏpall¶, n. Terror; dismay. [Poet.] Cowper. ApÏpall¶ing, a. Such as to appall; as, an appalling accident. Ð ApÏpall¶ingÏly, adv. ApÏpall¶ment (?), n. Depression occasioned by terror; dismay. [Obs.] Bacon. Ap¶paÏnage (?), n. [F. apanage, fr. OF. apaner to nourish, support, fr. LL. apanare to furnish with bread, to provision; L. ad + pains bread.] 1. The portion of land assigned by a sovereign prince for the subsistence of his younger sons. 2. A dependency; a dependent territory.

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3. That which belongs to one by custom or right; a natural adjunct or accompaniment. ½Wealth... the appanage of wit.¸ Swift. ApÏpan¶aÏgist (?), n. [F. apanagiste.] A prince to whom an appanage has been granted. ApÏpal¶ailÏlyng (?), n. [See Apparel, n. & v.] Preparation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ap¶paÏratus (?), n.; pl. Apparatus, also rarely Apparatuses (?). [L., from apparare, apparatum, to prepare; ad + prepare to make ready.] 1. Things provided as means to some end. 2. Hence: A full collection or set of implements, or utensils, for a given duty, experimental or operative; any complex instrument or appliance, mechanical or chemical, for a specific action or operation; machinery; mechanism. 3. (Physiol.) A collection of organs all of which unite in a common function; as, the respiratory apparatus. ApÏpar¶el (?), n. [OE. apparel, apareil, OF. apareil, appareil, preparation, provision, furniture, OF. apareiller to match, prepare, F. appareiller; OF. a (L. ad) + pareil like, similar, fr. LL. pariculus, dim. of L. par equal. See Pair.] 1. External clothing; vesture; garments; dress; garb; external habiliments or array. Fresh in his new apparel, proud and young. Denham. At public devotion his resigned carriage made religion appear in the natural apparel of simplicity. Tatler. 2. A small ornamental piece of embroidery worn on ?lbs and some other ecclesiastical vestments. 3. (Naut.) The furniture of a ship, as masts, sails, rigging, anchors, guns, etc. Syn. - Dress; clothing; vesture; garments; raiment; garb; costume; attire; habiliments. ApÏpar¶el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appareled, or Apparelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Appareling, or Apparelling.] [OF. apareiller.] 1. To make or get (something) ready; to prepare. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. To furnish with apparatus; to equip; to fit out. Ships... appareled to fight. Hayward. 3. To dress or clothe; to attire. They which are gorgeously appareled, and live delicately, are in kings' courts. Luke vii. 25. 4. To dress with external ornaments; to cover with something ornamental; to deck; to embellish; as, trees appareled with flowers, or a garden with verdure. Appareled in celestial light. Wordsworth. ApÏpar¶ence (?), n. [OF. aparence.] Appearance. [Obs.] Chaucer. ApÏpar¶enÏcy (?), n. 1. Appearance. [Obs.] 2. Apparentness; state of being apparent. Coleridge. 3. The position of being heir apparent. ApÏpar¶ent (?), a. [F. apparent, L. apparens, Ïentis, p. pr. of apparere. See Appear.] 1. Capable of being seen, or easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight or view. The moon... apparent queen. Milton. 2. Clear or manifest to the understanding; plain; evident; obvious; known; palpable; indubitable. It is apparent foul play. Shak. 3. Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming; as the apparent motion or diameter of the sun. To live on terms of civility, and even of apparent friendship. Macaulay. What Berkeley calls visible magnitude was by astronomers called apparent magnitude. Reid. ÷ horizon, the circle which in a level plain bounds our view, and is formed by the ~ meeting of the earth and heavens, as distinguished from the rational horizon. Ð ÷ time. See Time. Ð Heir ~ (Law), one whose to an estate is indefeasible if he survives the ancestor; Ð in distinction from presumptive heir. See Presumptive. Syn. - Visible; distinct; plain; obvious; clear; certain; evident; manifest; indubitable; notorious. ApÏpar¶ent, n. An heir ~. [Obs.] I'll draw it [the sword] as apparent to the crown. Shak. ApÏpar¶entÏly, adv. 1. Visibly. [Obs.] Hobbes. 2. Plainly; clearly; manifestly; evidently. If he should scorn me so apparently. Shak. 3. Seemingly; in appearance; as, a man may be apparently friendly, yet malicious in heart. ApÏpar¶entÏness, n. Plainness to the eye or the mind; visibleness; obviousness. [R.] Sherwood. Ap·paÏri¶tion (?), n. [F. apparition, L. apparitio, fr. apparere. See Appear.] 1. The act of becoming visible; appearance; visibility. Milton. The sudden apparition of the Spaniards. Prescott. The apparition of Lawyer Clippurse occasioned much speculation in that portion of the world. Sir W. Scott. 2. The thing appearing; a visible object; a form. Which apparition, it seems, was you. Tatler. 3. An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; a ghost; a specter; a phantom. ½The heavenly bands... a glorious apparition.¸ Milton.