Chapter 55

AntÏam·buÏla¶cral (?), a. (Zo”l.) Away from the ambulacral region. Ø Ant·anÏaÏcla¶sis (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? a bending back and breaking. See Anaclastic.] (Rhet.) (a) A figure which consists in repeating the same word in a different sense; as, Learn some craft when young, that when old you may live without craft. (b) A repetition of words beginning a sentence, after a long parenthesis; as, Shall that heart (which not only feels them, but which has all motions of life placed in them), shall that heart, etc. Ø Ant·anÏaÏgo¶ge (?), n. [Pref. antiÏ + anagoge.] (Rhet.) A figure which consists in answering the charge of an adversary, by a counter charge. Ant·aphÏroÏdis¶iÏac (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + aphrodisiac.] (Med.) Capable of blunting the venereal appetite. Ð n. Anything that quells the venereal appetite. Ant·aphÏroÏdit¶ic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + Gr. ? Aphrodite: cf. F. antaphroditique.] (Med.) 1. Antaphrodisiac. 2. Antisyphilitic. [R.] Ant·aphÏroÏdit¶ic, n. An ~ medicine. Ant·apÏoÏplec¶tic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + apoplectic.] (Med.) Good against apoplexy. Ð n. A medicine used against apoplexy. AntÏar¶chism (?), n. [Pref. antiÏ + Gr. ? government.] Opposition to government in general. [R.] AntÏar¶chist (?), n. One who opposes all government. [R.] Ant·arÏchis¶tic (?), Ant·arÏchis¶ticÏal (?), } a. Opposed to all human government. [R.] AntÏarc¶tic (?), a. [OE. antartik, OF. antartique, F. antarctique, L. antarcticus, fr. Gr. ?; ? + ? bear. See Arctic.] Opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating to the southern pole or to the region near it, and applied especially to a circle, distant from the pole 230 28?. Thus we say the antarctic pole, circle, ocean, region, current, etc. Ø AnÏta¶res (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? similar to + ? Mars. It was thought to resemble Mars in color.] The principal star in Scorpio: Ð called also the Scorpion's Heart. Ant·arÏthrit¶ic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + arthritic.] (Med.) Counteracting or alleviating gout. Ð n. A remedy against gout. Ant·asthÏmat¶ic (?; see Asthma; 277), a. [Pref. antiÏ + asthmatic.] (Med.) Opposing, or fitted to relieve, asthma. Ð n. A remedy for asthma. Ant¶Ðbear· (?), n. (Zo”l.) An edentate animal of tropical America (the Tamanoir), living on ants. It belongs to the genus Myrmecophaga. Ant¶ bird (?), (Zo”l.) See Ant bird, under Ant, n. Ant¶Ðcat·tle (?), n. pl. (Zo”l.) Various kinds of plant lice or aphids tended by ants for the sake of the honeydew which they secrete. See Aphips. An¶teÏ (?). A Latin preposition and prefix; akin to Gr. ?, Skr. anti, Goth. andÏ, andaÏ (only in comp.), AS. andÏ, ondÏ, (only in comp.: cf. Answer, Along), G. antÏ, entÏ (in comp.). The Latin ante is generally used in the sense of before, in regard to position, order, or time, and the Gr. ? in that of opposite, or in the place of. An¶te, n. (Poker Playing) Each player's stake, which is put into the pool before (ante) the game begins. An¶te, v. t. & i. To put up (an ante). An¶teÏact· (?), n. A preceding act. An¶teÏal (?), a. [L. antea, ante, before. Cf. Ancient.] Being before, or in front. [R.] J. Fleming. Ant¶Ðeat·er (?), n. (Zo”l.) One of several species of edentates and monotremes that feed upon ants. See AntÐbear, Pangolin, AardÏvark, and Echidna. An·teÏceÏda¶neÏous (?), a. [See Antecede.] Antecedent; preceding in time. ½Capable of antecedaneous.¸ Barrow. An·teÏcede¶ (?), v. t. & i. [L. antecedere; ante + cedere to go. See Cede.] To go before in time or place; to precede; to surpass. Sir M. Hale. An·teÏced¶ence (?), n. 1. The act or state of going before in time; precedence. H. Spenser. 2. (Astron.) An apparent motion of a planet toward the west; retrogradation. An·teÏced¶enÏ?y (?), n. The state or condition of being antecedent; priority. Fothherby. An·teÏced¶ent (?), a. [L. antecedens, Ïentis, p. pr. of antecedere: cf. F. ant‚c‚dent.] 1. Going before in time; prior; anterior; preceding; as, an event antecedent to the Deluge; an antecedent cause. 2. Presumptive; as, an antecedent improbability. Syn. - Prior; previous; foregoing. An·teÏced¶ent, n. [Cf. F. ant‚c‚dent.] 1. That which goes before in time; that which precedes. South. The Homeric mythology, as well as the Homeric language, has surely its antecedents. Max Miller. 2. One who precedes or goes in front. [Obs.] My antecedent, or my gentleman usher. Massinger. 3. pl. The earlier events of one's life; previous principles, conduct, course, history. J. H. Newman. If the troops... prove worthy of their antecedents, the victory is surely ours. Gen. G. McClellan. 4. (Gram.) The noun to which a relative refers; as, in the sentence ½Solomon was the prince who built the temple,¸ prince is the antecedent of who. 5. (Logic) (a) The first or conditional part of a hypothetical proposition; as, If the earth is fixed, the sun must move. (b) The first of the two propositions which constitute an enthymeme or contracted syllogism; as, Every man is mortal; therefore the king must die. 6. (Math.) The first of the two terms of a ratio; the first or third of the four terms of a proportion. In the ratio a : b, a is the antecedent, and b the consequent. An·teÏced¶entÏly (?), adv. Previously; before in time; at a time preceding; as, antecedently to conversion. Barrow. An·teÏces¶sor (?)(?), n. [L., fr. antecedere, antecessum. See Antecede, Ancestor.] 1. One who goes before; a predecessor. The successor seldom prosecuting his antecessor's devices. Sir E. Sandys. 2. An ancestor; a progenitor. [Obs.] An¶teÏcham·ber (?), n. [Cf. F. antichambre.] 1. A chamber or apartment before the chief apartment and leading into it, in which persons wait for audience; an outer chamber. See Lobby. 2. A space viewed as the outer chamber or the entrance to an interior part. The mouth, the antechamber to the digestive canal. Todd & Bowman. An¶teÏchap·el (?), n. The outer part of the west end of a collegiate or other chapel. Shipley. AnÏte¶cians (?), n. pl. See Ant?cians. An·teÏcomÏmun¶ion (?), n. A name given to that part of the Anglican liturgy for the communion, which precedes the consecration of the elements. An·teÏcur¶sor (?), n. [L., fr. antecurrere to run before; ante + currere to run.] A forerunner; a precursor. [Obs.] An¶teÏdate· (?), n. 1. Prior date; a date antecedent to another which is the actual date. 2. Anticipation. [Obs.] Donne. An¶teÏdate· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Antedated; p. pr. & vb. n. Antedating.] 1. To date before the true time; to assign to an earlier date; thus, to antedate a deed or a bond is to give it a date anterior to the true time of its execution. 2. To precede in time. 3. To anticipate; to make before the true time. And antedate the bliss above. Pope. Who rather rose the day to antedate. Wordsworth. An·teÏdiÏlu¶viÏal (?), a. [Pref. anteÏ + diluvial.] Before the flood, or Deluge, in Noah's time. An·teÏdiÏlu¶viÏan (?), a. Of or relating to the period before the Deluge in Noah's time; hence, antiquated; as, an antediluvian vehicle. Ð n. One who lived before the Deluge. An¶teÏfact· (?), n. Something done before another act. [Obs.] An¶teÏfix· (?), n.; pl. E. Antefixes (?); L. Antefixa (?). [L. ante + fixus fixed.] (Arch.) (a) An ornament fixed upon a frieze. (b) An ornament at the eaves, concealing the ends of the joint tiles of the roof. (c) An ornament of the cymatium of a classic cornice, sometimes pierced for the escape of water. An·teÏflex¶ion (?), n. (Med.) A displacement forward of an organ, esp. the uterus, in such manner that its axis is bent upon itself. T. G. Thomas. Ant¶ egg· (?). One of the small white eggÐshaped pup‘ or cocoons of the ant, often seen in or about antÐhills, and popularly supposed to be eggs. An¶teÏlope (?), n. [OF. antelop, F. antilope, fro Gr. ?, ?, Eustathius, ½Hexa‰m.,¸ p. 36, the origin of which is unknown.] (Zo”l.) One of a group of ruminant quadrupeds, intermediate between the deer and the goat. The horns are usually annulated, or ringed. There are many species in Africa and Asia. The antelope and wolf both fierce and fell. Spenser. µ The common or bezoar ~ of India is Antilope bezoartica. The chamois of the Alps, the gazelle, the addax, and the eland are other species. See Gazelle. The pronghorn ~ (Antilocapra Americana) is found in the Rocky Mountains. See Pronghorn. An·teÏlu¶can (?), a. [L. antelucanus; ante + lux light.] Held or being before light; Ð a word applied to assemblies of Christians, in ancient times of persecution, held before light in the morning. ½Antelucan worship.¸ De Quincey. An·teÏmeÏrid¶iÏan (?), a. [L. antemeridianus; ante + meridianus belonging to midday or noon. See Meridian.] Being before noon; in or pertaining to the forenoon. (Abbrev. a. m.) Ant·eÏmet¶ic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + emetic.] (Med.) Tending to check vomiting. Ð n. A remedy to check or allay vomiting. An·teÏmoÏsa¶ic (?), a. Being before the time of Moses. An·teÏmun¶dane (?), a. Being or occurring before the creation of the world. Young. An·teÏmu¶ral (?), n. [L. antemurale: ante + murus wall. See Mural.] An outwork of a strong, high wall, with turrets, in front gateway (as of an old castle), for defending the entrance. An·teÏna¶tal (?), a. Before birth. Shelley. An·teÏni¶cene (?), a. [L.] Of or in the Christian church or era, anterior to the first council of Nice, held a. d. 325; as, antenicene faith. AnÏten¶na (?), n.; pl. Antenn‘ (?). [L. antenna sailÐyard; NL., a feeler, horn of an insect.] (Zo”l.) A movable, articulated organ of sensation, attached to the heads of insects and Crustacea. There are two in the former, and usually four in the latter. They are used as organs of touch, and in some species of Crustacea the cavity of the ear is situated near the basal joint. In insects, they are popularly called horns, and also feelers. The term in also applied to similar organs on the heads of other arthropods and of annelids. AnÏten¶nal (?), a. (Zo”l.) Belonging to the antenn‘. Owen. An·tenÏnif¶erÏous (?), a. [Antenna + Ïferous.] (Zo”l.) Bearing or having antenn‘. AnÏten¶niÏform (?), a. [Antenna + Ïform.] Shaped like antenn‘. AnÏten¶nule (?), n. [Dim. of antenna.] (Zo”l.) A small antenna; Ð applied to the smaller pair of antenn‘ or feelers of Crustacea. An·teÏnum¶ber (?), n. A number that precedes another. [R.] Bacon. An·teÏnup¶tial (?), a. Preceding marriage; as, an antenuptial agreement. Kent. An·teÏor¶bitÏal (?), a. & n. (Anat.) Same as Antorbital. An·teÏpas¶chal (?), a. Pertaining to the time before the Passover, or before Easter. An¶teÏpast (?), n. [Pref. anteÏ + L. pastus pasture, food. Cf. Repast.] A foretaste. Antepasts of joy and comforts. Jer. Taylor. Ø An·teÏpen¶diÏum (?), n. [LL., fr. L. ante + pendere to hang.] (Eccl.) The hangings or screen in front of the altar; an altar cloth; the frontal. Smollett. An·teÏpe¶nult (?), Ø An·teÏpeÏnult¶iÏma (?), } n. [L. antepaenultima (sc. syllaba) antepenultimate; ante before + paenultimus the last but one; paene almost + ultimus last.] (Pros.) The last syllable of a word except two, as Ïsyl in monosyllable. An·teÏpeÏnult¶iÏmate (?), a. Of or pertaining to the last syllable but two. Ð n. The antepenult. Ant·ephÏiÏal¶tic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + Gr. ? nightmare.] (Med.) Good against nightmare. Ð n. A remedy nightmare. Dunglison. Ant·epÏiÏlep¶tic (?), a. [Pref. antiÏ + epileptic.] (Med.) Good against epilepsy. Ð n. A medicine for epilepsy. An¶teÏpone (?), v. t. [L. anteponere.] To put before; to prefer. [Obs.] Bailey. An¶teÏport (?), n. [Cf. LL. anteporta.] An outer port, gate, or door. An·teÏpor¶tiÏco (?), n. An outer porch or vestibule. An·teÏpoÏsi¶tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. antepositio. See Position.] (Gram.) The placing of a before another, which, by ordinary rules, ought to follow it. An·teÏpran¶diÏal (?), a. Preceding dinner. An·teÏpreÏdic¶aÏment (?), n. (Logic) A prerequisite to a clear understanding of the predicaments and categories, such as definitions of common terms. Chambers. AnÏte¶riÏor (?), a. [L. anterior, comp. of ante before.] 1. Before in time; antecedent. Antigonus, who was anterior to Polybius. Sir G. C. Lewis. 2. Before, or toward the front, in place; as, the anterior part of the mouth; Ð opposed to posterior. µ In comparative anatomy, anterior often signifies at or toward the head, cephalic; and in human anatomy it is often used for ventral. Syn. - Antecedent; previous; precedent; preceding; former; foregoing. AnÏte·riÏor¶iÏty (?), n. [LL. anterioritas.] The state of being anterior or preceding in time or in situation; priority. Pope. AnÏter¶riÏorÏly (?), adv. In an anterior manner; before. An¶teÏroom (?), n. A room before, or forming an entrance to, another; a waiting room. An¶teÏroÐ (?). A combining form meaning anterior, front; as, anteroÐposterior, front and back; anteroÐlateral, front side, anterior and at the side. An¶tes (?), n. pl. Ant‘. See Anta. An·teÏstat¶ure (?), n. (Fort.) A small intrenchment or work of palisades, or of sacks of earth. An¶teÏstom·ach (?), n. A cavity which leads into the stomach, as in birds. Ray. An¶teÏtem·ple (?), n. The portico, or narthex in an ancient temple or church. An·teÏver¶sion (?), n. [Pref. anteÏ + L. vertere, versum, to turn.] (Med.) A displacement of an organ, esp. of the uterus, in such manner that its whole axis is directed further forward than usual. An·teÏvert¶ (?), v. t. [L. antevertere; ante + vertere to turn.] 1. To prevent. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. 2. (Med.) To displace by anteversion. AntÏhel¶ion (?; 277, 106), n.; pl. Anthelia (?). [Pref. anti + Gr. ? sun.] (Meteor.) A halo opposite the sun, consisting of a colored ring or rings around the shadow of the spectator's own head, as projected on a cloud or on an opposite fog bank.

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