Chapter 38

Tenure by free alms. See Frankalmoign. Blackstone. µ This word alms is singular in its form (almesse), and is sometimes so used; as, ½asked am alms.¸ Acts iii. 3.½Received an alms.¸ Shak. It is now, however, commonly a collective or plural noun. It is much used in composition, as almsgiver, almsgiving, alms bag, alms chest, etc. Alms¶deed· (?), n. An act of charity. Acts ix. 36. Alms¶folk· (?), n. Persons supported by alms; almsmen. [Archaic] Holinshed. Alms¶giv·er (?), n. A giver of alms. Alms¶giv·ing (?), n. The giving of alms. Alms¶house· (?), n. A house appropriated for the use of the poor; a poorhouse. Alms¶man (?), n.; fem. Almswoman. 1. A recipient of alms. Shak. 2. A giver of alms. [R.] Halliwell. Al·muÏcan¶tar (?), n. [F. almucantarat, almicantarat, ultimately fr. Ar. alÐmuqantar¾t, pl., fr. qantara to bend, arch.] (Astron.) A small circle of the sphere parallel to the horizon; a circle or parallel of altitude. Two stars which have the same almucantar have the same altitude. See Almacantar. [Archaic] Almucanter staff, an ancient instrument, having an arc of fifteen degrees, formerly used at sea to take observations of the sun's amplitude at the time of its rising or setting, to find the variation of the compass. Al¶muce (?), n. Same as Amice, a hood or cape. Ø AlÏmude¶ (?), n. [Pg. almude, or Sp. almud, a measure of grain or dry fruit, fr. Ar. alÐmudd a dry measure.] A measure for liquids in several countries. In Portugal the Lisbon almude is about 4.4, and the Oporto almude about 6.6, gallons U. S. measure. In Turkey the ½almud¸ is about 1.4 gallons. { Al¶mug (?), Al¶gum (?), } n. [Heb., perh. borrowed fr. Skr. valguka sandalwood.] (Script.) A tree or wood of the Bible (2 Chron. ii. 8; 1 K. x. ??). µ Most writers at the present day follow Celsius, who takes it to be the red sandalwood of China and the Indian Archipelago. W. Smith. Al¶nage (?), n., [OF. alnage, aulnage, F. aunage, fr. OF. alne ell, of Ger. origin: cf. OHG. elina, Goth. aleina, cubit. See Ell.] (O. Eng. Law) Measurement (of cloth) by the ell; also, a duty for such measurement. Al¶naÏger (?), n. [See Alnage.] A measure by the ell; formerly a sworn officer in England, whose duty was to inspect act measure woolen cloth, and fix upon it a seal. Al¶oe (?), n.; pl. Aloes (?). [L. alo‰, Gr. ?, aloe: cf. OF. aloe, F. aloŠs.] 1. pl. The wood of the agalloch. [Obs.] Wyclif. 2. (Bot.) A genus of succulent plants, some classed as trees, others as shrubs, but the greater number having the habit and appearance of evergreen herbaceous plants; from some of which are prepared articles for medicine and the arts. They are natives of warm countries. 3. pl. (Med.) The inspissated juice of several species of aloe, used as a purgative. [Plural in form but syntactically singular.] American aloe, Century aloe, the agave. See Agave. Al¶oes wood· (?). See Agalloch. Al·oÏet¶ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alo‚tique.] Consisting chiefly of aloes; of the nature of aloes. Al·oÏet¶ic, n. A medicine containing chiefly aloes. AÏloft¶ (?; 115), adv. [Pref. aÏ + loft, which properly meant air. See Loft.] 1. On high; in the air; high above the ground. ½He steers his flight aloft.¸ Milton. 2. (Naut.) In the top; at the mast head, or on the higher yards or rigging; overhead; hence (Fig. and Colloq.), in or to heaven. AÏloft¶, prep. Above; on top of. [Obs.] Fresh waters run aloft the sea. Holland. AÏlo¶giÏan (?), n. [LL. Alogiani, Alogii, fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? word.] (Eccl.) One of an ancient sect who rejected St. John's Gospel and the Apocalypse, which speak of Christ as the Logos. Shipley. Al¶oÏgy (?), n. [L. alogia, Gr. ?, fr. ? priv. + ? reason.] Unreasonableness; absurdity. [Obs.] Al¶oÏin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter purgative principle in aloes. Al¶oÏman·cy (?), n. [Gr. ?, salt + Ïmancy: cf. F. alomancie, halomancie.] Divination by means of salt. [Spelt also halomancy.] Morin. AÏlone¶ (?), a. [All + one. OE. al one all allone, AS. ¾n one, alone. See All, One, Lone.] 1. Quite by one's self; apart from, or exclusive of, others; single; solitary; Ï applied to a person or thing. Alone on a wide, wide sea. Coleridge. It is not good that the man should be alone. Gen. ii. 18. 2. Of or by itself; by themselves; without any thing more or any one else; without a sharer; only. Man shall not live by bread alone. Luke iv. 4. The citizens alone should be at the expense. Franklin. 3. Sole; only; exclusive. [R.] God, by whose alone power and conversation we all live, and move, and have our being. Bentley. 4. Hence; Unique; rare; matchless. Shak. µ The adjective alone commonly follows its noun. To let or leave alone, to abstain from interfering with or molesting; to suffer to remain in its present state. AÏlone¶, adv. Solely; simply; exclusively. AÏlone¶ly, adv. Only; merely; singly. [Obs.] This said spirit was not given alonely unto him, but unto all his heirs and posterity. Latimer. AÏlone¶ly, a. Exclusive. [Obs.] Fabyan. AÏlone¶ness, n. A state of being alone, or without company; solitariness. [R.] Bp. Montagu. AÏlong¶ (?; 115), adv. [OE. along, anlong, AS. andlang, along; pref. andÏ (akin to OFris. ondÏ, OHG. antÏ, Ger. entÏ, Goth. andÏ, andaÏ, L. ante, Gr. ?, Skr. anti, over against) + lang long. See Long.] 1. By the length; in a line with the length; lengthwise. Some laid along... on spokes of wheels are hung. Dryden. 2. In a line, or with a progressive motion; onward; forward. We will go along by the king's highway. Numb. xxi. 22. He struck with his o'ertaking wings, And chased us south along. Coleridge. 3. In company; together. He to England shall along with you. Shak. All along, all trough the course of; during the whole time; throughout. ½I have all along declared this to be a neutral paper.¸ Addison. Ð To get along, to get on; to make progress, as in business. ½She 'll get along in heaven better than you or I.¸ Mrs. Stowe. AÏlong¶, prep. By the length of, as distinguished from across. ½Along the lowly lands.¸ Dryden. The kine... went along the highway. 1 Sam. vi. 12. AÏlong¶. [AS. gelang owing to.] (Now heard only in the prep. phrase along of.) Along of, Along on, often shortened to Long of, prep. phr., owing to; on account of. [Obs. or Low. Eng.] ½On me is not along thin evil fare.¸ Chaucer. ½And all this is long of you.¸ Shak. ½This increase of price is all along of the foreigners.¸ London Punch. AÏlong¶shore· (?), adv. Along the shore or coast. AÏlong¶shore·man (?), n. See Longshoreman. AÏlong¶side· (?), adv. Along or by the side; side by side with; Ð often with of; as, bring the boat alongside; alongside of him; alongside of the tree. AÏlongst¶ (?; 115), prep. & adv. [Formed fr. along, like amongst fr. among.] Along. [Obs.] AÏloof¶ (?), n. (Zo”l.) Same as Alewife. AÏloof¶, adv. [Pref. aÏ + loof, fr. D. loef luff, and so meaning, as a nautical word, to the windward. See Loof, Luff.] 1. At or from a distance, but within view, or at a small distance; apart; away. Our palace stood aloof from streets. Dryden. 2. Without sympathy; unfavorably. To make the Bible as from the hand of God, and then to look at it aloof and with caution, is the worst of all impieties. I. Taylor. AÏloof¶ (?), prep. Away from; clear from. [Obs.] Rivetus... would fain work himself aloof these rocks and quicksands. Milton. AÏloof¶ness, n. State of being aloof. Rogers (1642). The... aloofness of his dim forest life. Thoreau. { Ø Al·oÏpe¶ciÏa (?), AÏlop¶eÏcy (?), } n. [L. alopecia, Gr. ?, fr. ? fox, because loss of the hair is common among foxes.] (med.) Loss of the hair; baldness. AÏlop¶eÏcist (?), n. A practitioner who tries to prevent or cure baldness. AÏlose¶ (?), v. t. [OE. aloser.] To praise. [Obs.] A¶lose (?), n. [F., fr. L. alosa or alausa.] (Zo”l.) The European shad (Clupea alosa); Ð called also allice shad or allis shad. The name is sometimes applied to the American shad (Clupea sapidissima). See Shad. Ø Al·ouÏatte¶ (?), n. [Of uncertain origin.] (Zo”l.) One of the several species of howling monkeys of South America. See Howler, 2. AÏloud¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ + loud.] With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice. Isa. lviii. 1. AÏlow¶ (?), adv. [Pref. aÏ + low.] Below; in a lower part. ½Aloft, and then alow.¸ Dryden. Alp (?), n. [L. Alpes the Alps, said to be of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. alp a high mountain, Ir. ailp any huge mass or lump: cf. F. Alpes.] 1. A very high mountain. Specifically, in the plural, the highest chain of mountains in Europe, containing the lofty mountains of Switzerland, etc. Nor breath of vernal air from snowy alp. Milton. Hills peep o'er hills, and alps on alps arise. Pope. 2. Fig.: Something lofty, or massive, or very hard to be surmounted. µ The plural form Alps is sometimes used as a singular. ½The Alps doth spit.¸ Shak. Alp, n. A bullfinch. Rom. of R. AlÏpac¶a (?), n. [Sp. alpaca, fr. the original Peruvian name of the animal. Cf. Paco.] 1. (Zo”l.) An animal of Peru (Lama paco), having long, fine, wooly hair, supposed by some to be a domesticated variety of the llama. 2. Wool of the alpaca. 3. A thin kind of cloth made of the wooly hair of the alpaca, often mixed with silk or with cotton. Al¶pen (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Alps. [R.] ½The Alpen snow.¸ J. Fletcher. Ø Al¶penÏstock· (?), n. [G.; Alp, gen. pl. Alpen + stock stick.] A long staff, pointed with iron, used in climbing the Alps. Cheever. AlÏpes¶trine (?), a. [L. Alpestris.] Pertaining to the Alps, or other high mountains; as, Alpestrine diseases, etc. Al¶pha (?), n. [L. alpha, Gr. ?, from Heb. ¾leph, name of the first letter in the alphabet, also meaning ox.] The first letter in the Greek alphabet, answering to A, and hence used to denote the beginning. In am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. Rev. xxii. 13. Formerly used also denote the chief; as, Plato was the alpha of the wits. µ In cataloguing stars, the brightest star of a constellation in designated by Alpha (?); as, ? Lyr‘. Al¶phaÏbet (?), n. [L. alphabetum, fr. Gr. ? + ?, the first two Greek letters; Heb. ¾leph and beth: cf. F. alphabet.] 1. The letters of a language arranged in the customary order; the series of letters or signs which form the elements of written language. 2. The simplest rudiments; elements. The very alphabet of our law. Macaulay. Deaf and dumb alphabet. See Dactylology. Al¶phaÏbet, v. t. To designate by the letters of the alphabet; to arrange alphabetically. [R.] Al·phaÏbetÏa¶riÏan (?), n. A learner of the alphabet; an abecedarian. Abp. Sancroft. { Al·phaÏbet¶ic (?), Al·phaÏbet¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. alphab‚tique.] 1. Pertaining to, furnished with, expressed by, or in the order of, the letters of the alphabet; as, alphabetic characters, writing, languages, arrangement. 2. Literal. [Obs.] ½Alphabetical servility.¸ Milton. Al·phaÏbet¶icÏalÏly, adv. In an alphabetic manner; in the customary order of the letters. Al·phaÏbet¶ics (?), n. The science of representing spoken sounds by letters. Al¶phaÏbetÏism (?), n. The expression of spoken sounds by an alphabet. Encyc. Brit. Al¶phaÏbetÏize (?), v. t. 1. To arrange alphabetically; as, to alphabetize a list of words. 2. To furnish with an alphabet. AlÏphen¶ic (?), n. [F. alf‚nic, alph‚nic, Sp. alfe?ique, Ar. alÐf¾nÆd sweetness, sugar, fr. Per. f¾nÆd, p¾nÆd, sugar, cheese preserved in sugar.] (Med.) The crystallized juice of the sugarcane; sugar candy. AlÐphit¶oÏman·cy (?), n. [Gr. ? barley meal + Ïmancy: cf. F. alphitomancie.] Divination by means of barley meal. Knowles.

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