Chapter 21

Ad·oÏles¶cent (?), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere to grow up to; ad + the inchoative olescere to grow: cf. F. adolescent. See Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity. Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong, Detain their adolescent charge too long. Cowper. Ad·oÏles¶cent, n. A youth. Ad·oÏne¶an (?), a. [L. Adon?us.] Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. ½Fair Adonean Venus.¸ Faber. AÏdon¶ic (?), a. [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to Adonis, famed for his beauty. - n. An Adonic verse. ÷ verse, a verse consisting of a dactyl and spondee (?). Ø AÏdo¶nis (?), n. [L., gr. Gr. ?.] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase by a wild boar. 2. A pre‰minently beautiful young man; a dandy. 3. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace?, containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); - named from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower. AÏdo¶nist (?), n. [Heb. ?d?n¾i my Lords.] One who maintains that points of the Hebrew word translated ½Jehovah¸ are really the vowel points of the word ½Adonai.¸ See Jehovist. Ad¶oÏnize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To beautify; to dandify. I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and adonozing myself. Smollett. AÏdoor (?), AÏdoors (?), } At the door; of the door; as, out adoors. Shak. I took him in adoors. Vicar's Virgil (1630). AÏdopt¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adopting.] [L. adoptare; ad + optare to choose, desire: cf. F. adopter. See Option.] 1. To take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen, etc.; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the place of, or as, one's own child. 2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; to select and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or policy of another; these resolutions were adopted. AÏdopt¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being adopted. AÏdopt¶ed (?), a. Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an adopted son, citizen, country, word. - AÏdopt¶edÏly, adv. AÏdopt¶er (?), n. 1. One who adopts. 2. (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different diameters. [Written also adapter.] AÏdop¶tion (?), n. [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: cf. F. adoption.] 1. The act of adopting, or state of being adopted; voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be the same as one's own child. 2. Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the adoption of persons into hospitals or monasteries, or of one society into another. 3. The choosing and making that to be one's own which originally was not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of opinions. Jer. Taylor. AÏdop¶tionÏist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by nature but by adoption. AÏdop¶tious (?), a. Adopted. [Obs.] AÏdopt¶ive (?), a. [L. adoptivus: cf. F. adoptif.] Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted to adopt; as, an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive language. - AÏdopt¶iveÏly, adv. AÏdor·aÏbil¶iÏty (?), n. Adorableness. AÏdor¶aÏble (?), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. adorable.] 1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors. The adorable Author of Christianity. Cheyne. 2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect. AÏdor¶aÏbleÏness, n. The quality of being adorable, or worthy of adoration. Johnson. AÏdor¶aÏbly, adv. In an adorable manner. Ad·oÏra¶tion (?), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. adoration.] 1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god. The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the heathens were deified human beings. Farmer. 2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion. 3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of homage from two thirds of the conclave. [Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration. Froude. AÏdore¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Adoring (?).] [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French prefix aÏ being confused with OE. a, an, on. See Oral.] 1. To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. Bishops and priests, ... bearing the host, which he [James ?.] publicly adored. Smollett. 2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost esteem and affection; to idolize. The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and adored Montouth. Macaulay. AÏdore¶, v. t. To adorn. [Obs.] Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. Spenser. AÏdore¶ment (?), n. The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. AÏdor¶er (?), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer. ½An adorer of truth.¸ Clarendon. I profess myself her adorer, not her friend. Shak. AÏdor¶ingÏly, adv. With adoration. AÏdorn¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adorned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Adorning.] [OE. aournen, anournen, adornen, OF. aorner, fr. L. aaornare; ad + ornare to furnish, embellish. See Adore, Ornate.] To deck or dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing or attractive. As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Isa. lxi. 10. At church, with meek and unaffected grace, His looks adorned the venerable place. Goldsmith. Syn. - To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace; dignify; exalt; honor. - To Adorn, Ornament, Decorate, Embellish. We decorate and ornament by putting on some adjunct which is attractive or beautiful, and which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's head-dress may be ornament or decorated with flowers or jewelry; a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or gilding, with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. Ornament is used in a wider sense than decorate. To embellish is to beautify or ornament richly, not so much by mere additions or details as by modifying the thing itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration. We embellish a book with rich engravings; a style is embellished with rich and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper embellishes his front window to attract attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as when we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery of paintings as adorned with the works of some of the great masters, or adorned with noble statuary and columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly be appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius beyond mere show and ornament. Adorn may be used of what is purely moral; as, a character adorned with every Christian grace. Here neither decorate, nor ornament, nor embellish is proper. AÏdorn¶, n. Adornment. [Obs.] Spenser. AÏdorn¶, a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.] Milton. Ad·orÏna¶tion (?), n. Adornment. [Obs.] AÏdorn¶er (?), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier. AÏdorn¶ingÏly, adv. By adorning; decoratively. AÏdorn¶ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An adorning; an ornament; a decoration. AdÏos¶cuÏla¶tion (?), n. [L. adosculari, adosculatum, to kiss. See Osculate.] (Biol.) Impregnation by external contact, without intromission. AÏdown¶ (?), adv. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of d?ne off the hill. See Down.] From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or on the ground. [Archaic] ½Thrice did she sink adown.¸ Spenser. AÏdown¶, prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic] Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed. Prior. AdÏpress¶ (?), v. t. [L. adpressus, p. p. of adprimere.] See Appressed. - AdÏpressed¶ (?), a. AÏdrad¶ (?), p. a. [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ad¶raÏgant (?), n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum tragacanth. Brande & C. AÏdread¶ (?), v. t. & i. [AS. andr‘dan, ondr‘; pref. aÏ (for and against) + dr‘den to dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. AÏdreamed¶ (?), p. p. Visited by a dream; - used in the phrase, To be adreamed, to dream. [Obs.] AdÏre¶nal (?), a. [Pref. adÏ + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal. A¶driÏan (?), a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as, Adrian billows. A·driÏat¶ic (?), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria or Hadria, a town of the Veneti.] Of or pertaining to a sea so named, the northwestern part of which is known as the Gulf of Venice. AÏdrift¶ (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ (for on) + drift.] Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also fig. So on the sea shall be set adrift. Dryden. Were from their daily labor turned adrift. Wordsworth. AÏdrip¶ (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ in + drip.] In a dripping state; as, leaves all adrip. D. G. Mitchell. Ad¶roÏgate (?), v. t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. L?w) To adopt (a person who is his own master). Ad·roÏga¶tion (?), n. [L. adrogatio, arrogatio, fr. adrogare. See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) A kind of adoption in ancient Rome. See Arrogation. AÏdroit¶ (?), a. [F. adroit; … (L. ad) = droit straight, right, fr. L. directus, p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.] Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the mental faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding danger or escaping difficulty; ready in invention or execution; - applied to persons and to acts; as, an adroit mechanic, an adroit reply. ½Adroit in the application of the telescope and quadrant.¸ Horsley. ½He was adroit in intrigue.¸ Macaulay. Syn. - Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft; ingenious; cunning; ready-witted. AÏdroit¶ly, adv. In an adroit manner. AÏdroit¶ness, n. The quality of being adroit; skill and readiness; dexterity. Adroitness was as requisite as courage. Motley. Syn. - See Skill. AÏdry¶ (?), a. [Pref. aÏ (for on) + dry.] In a dry or thirsty condition. ½A man that is adry.¸ Burton. Ad·sciÏti¶tious (?), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, asciscere, to take knowingly; ad + sciscere to seek to know, approve, scire to know.] Supplemental; additional; adventitious; ascititious. ½Adscititious evidence.¸ Bowring. Ð Ad·sciÏti¶tiousÏly, adv. Ad¶script (?), a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to enroll. See Ascribe.] Held to service as attached to the soil; - said of feudal serfs. Ad¶script (?), n. One held to service as attached to the glebe or estate; a feudal serf. Bancroft. AdÏscrip¶tive (?), a.[L. adscriptivus. See Adscript.] Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable with it. Brougham. AdÏsig·niÏfiÏca¶tion (?), n. Additional signification. [R.] Tooke. AdÏsig¶niÏfy (?), v. t. [L. adsignificare to show.] To denote additionally. [R.] Tooke. AdÏstrict¶ (?), v. t. Ð AdÏstric¶tion (?), n. See Astrict, and Astriction. AdÏstric¶toÏry (?), a. See Astrictory. AdÏstrin¶gent (?), a. See Astringent. Ø Ad·uÏla¶riÏa (?), n. [From Adula, a mountain peak in Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.] (Min.) A transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, or orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; - called by lapidaries moonstone. Ad¶uÏlate (?), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To flatter in a servile way. Byron. Ad·uÏla¶tion (?), n. [F. adulation, fr. L. adulatio, fr. adulari, adulatum, to flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is merited. Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out With titles blown from adulation? Shak. Syn. - Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; blandishment. - Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Men deal in compliments from a desire to please; they use flattery either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity; they practice adulation from sordid motives, and with a mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may be a sincere expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be unmeaning; flattery is apt to become gross; adulation is always servile, and usually fulsome. Ad¶uÏla·tor (?), n.b [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A servile or hypocritical flatterer. Carlyle. Ad¶uÏlaÏtoÏry (?), a. [L. adulatorius, fr. adulari: cf. OF. adulatoire.] Containing excessive praise or compliment; servilely praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address. A mere rant of adulatory freedom. Burke. Ad¶uÏla·tress (?), n. A woman who flatters with servility. AÏdult¶ (?), a. [L. adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to alere to nourish: cf. F. adulte. See Adolescent, Old.] Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength; matured; as, an adult person or plant; an adult ape; an adult age. AÏdult¶, n. A person, animal, or plant grown to full size and strength; one who has reached maturity. µ In the common law, the term is applied to a person who has attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to males after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve. Bouvier. Burrill. AÏdul¶ter (?), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to pollute. [Obs.] B. Jonson. AÏdul¶terÏant (?), n. [L. adulterans, p. pr. of adulterare.] That which is used to adulterate anything. - a. Adulterating; as, adulterant agents and processes. AÏdul¶terÏate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (?); p. pr. & vb. n Adulterating (?).] [L. adulteratus, p. p. of adulterare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad + alter other, properly one who approaches another on account of unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.] 1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.] Milton. 2. To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a foreign or a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, drugs, coin, etc. The present war has... adulterated our tongue with strange words. Spectator. Syn. - To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate; sophisticate. AÏdul¶terÏate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.] AÏdul¶terÏate (?), a. 1. Tainted with adultery. 2. Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance; adulterated; spurious. - AÏdul¶terÏateÏly, adv. Ð AÏdul¶terÏateÏness, n. AÏdul·terÏa¶tion (?), n. [L. adulteratio.] 1. The act of adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or drink) by foreign mixture. The shameless adulteration of the coin. Prescott. 2. An adulterated state or product. AÏdul¶terÏa·tor (?), n. [L.] One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.] Cudworth. AÏdul¶terÏer (?), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the E. ending Ïer. See Advoutrer.] 1. A man who commits adultery; a married man who has sexual intercourse with a woman not his wife. 2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant. Jer. ix. 2. AÏdul¶terÏess (?), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. Advoutress.] 1. A woman who commits adultery. 2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements. James iv. 4. AÏdul¶terÏine (?), a.[L. adulterinus, fr. adulter.] Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious; without the support of law; illegal. When any particular class of artificers or traders thought proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were called adulterine guilds. Adam Smith. AÏdul¶terÏine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.] AÏdul¶terÏize (?), v. i. To commit adultery. Milton. AÏdul¶terÏous (?), a. 1. Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit. Dryden. 2. Characterized by adulteration; spurious. ½An adulterous mixture.¸ [Obs.] Smollett. AÏdul¶terÏousÏly, adv. In an adulterous manner. AÏdul¶terÏy (?), n.; pl. Adulteries (?). [L. adulterium. See Advoutry.] 1. The unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman with another than her husband.

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