Chapter 4

[Footnote 9: Calhoun, Corr., Amer. Hist. Assoc., Annual Report (1899, vol. II), pp. 1210-1212; Toombs, Corr., (id., 1911, vol. II), pp. 188, 217; Coleman, Crittenden, I. 363; Hamer, pp. 55-56, 46-48, 54, 82-83; Ames, Calhoun, pp. 21-22, 29; Claiborne, Quitman, H. 36-39.]

[Footnote 10: Hearon, Miss. and the Compromise of 1850, p. 209.]

[Footnote 11: A letter to Webster, Oct. 22, 1851, Greenough MSS., shows the strength of Calhoun's secession ideas. Hamer, p. 125, quotes part.]

[Footnote 12: Hamer, p. 142; Hearon, p. 220.]

[Footnote 13: Mar. 6, 1850. Laws (Miss.), pp. 521-526.]

[Footnote 14: Claiborne, Quitman, IL 37; Hearon, p. 161 n.]

[Footnote 15: Hearon, pp. 180-181; Claiborne, Quitman, II. 51-52.]

[Footnote 16: Nov. 10, 1850, Hearon, pp. 178-180; 1851, pp. 209-212.]

[Footnote 17: Dec. 10, Southern Rights Assoc. Hearon, pp. 183-187.]

[Footnote 18: Claiborne, Quitman, II. 52.]

[Footnote 19: July 1, 1849. Corr., p. 170 (Amer. Hist. Assoc., Annual Report, 1911, vol. II.).]

[Footnote 20: Johnston, Stephens, pp. 238-239, 244; Smith, Political History of Slavery, 1. 121.]

[Footnote 21: Laws (Ga.), 1850, pp. 122, 405-410.]

[Footnote 22: Johnston, Stephens, p. 247.]

[Footnote 23: Corr., pp. 184,193-195, 206-208, July 21. Newspapers, see Brooks, in Miss. Valley Hist. Review, IX. 289.]

[Footnote 24: Phillips, Georgia and State Rights, pp. 163-166.]

[Footnote 25: Ames, Documents, pp. 271-272; Hearon, p. 190.]

[Footnote 26: 1854, Amer. Hist. Review, VIII. 92-97; 1857, Johnston, Stephens, pp. 321-322; infra, pp. 267, 268.]

[Footnote 27: Hammond MSS., Jan. 27, Feb. 8; Virginia Resolves, Feb. 12; Ambler, Sectionalism in Virginia, p. 246; N. Y. Tribune, June 14; M. R. H. Garnett, Union Past and Future, published between Jan. 24 and Mar. 7. Alabama: Hodgson, Cradle of the Confederacy, p. 281; Dubose, Yancey, pp. 247-249, 481; Fleming, Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama, p. 13; Cobb, Corr., pp. 193-195, 207. President Tyler of the College of William and Mary kindly furnished evidence of Garnett's authorship; see J. M. Garnett, in Southern Literary Messenger, I. 255.]

[Footnote 28: Resolutions, Feb. 12, 1850; Acts, 1850, pp. 223-224; 1851, p. 201.]

[Footnote 29: Stephens, Corr., p. 192; Globe, XXII. II. 1208.]

[Footnote 30: Boston Daily Advertiser, Feb. 23.]

[Footnote 31: South Carolina, Acts, 1849, p, 240, and the following Laws or Acts, all 1850: Georgia, pp. 418, 405-410, 122; Texas, pp. 93-94, 171; Tennessee, p. 572 (Globe, XXI. I. 417. Cole, Whig Party in the South, p. 161); Mississippi, pp. 526-528; Virginia, p. 233; Alabama, Weekly Tribune, Feb. 23, Daily, Feb. 25.]

[Footnote 32: White, Miss. Valley Hist. Assoc., III. 283.]

[Footnote 33: Senate Miscellaneous, 1849-1850, no. 24.]

[Footnote 34: Hamer, p. 40; cf. Cole, Whig Party in the South, p. 162; Cong. Globe, Mar. 5.]

[Footnote 35: Coleman, Crittenden, I. 333, 350.]

[Footnote 36: Clayton MSS., Apr. 6; cf. Coleman, Crittenden, I. 369.]

[Footnote 37: Smith, History of Slavery, 1. 121; Clay, Oct., 1851, letter, in Curtis, Webster, II, 584-585.]

[Footnote 38: Clingman, and Wilmington Resolutions, Globe, XXI. I. 200-205, 311; National Intelligencer, Feb. 25; Cobb, Corr., pp. 217-218; Boyd, "North Carolina on the Eve of Secession," in Amer. Hist. Assoc., Annual Report (1910), pp. 167-177.]

[Footnote 39: Hearndon, Nashville Convention, p. 283.]

[Footnote 40: Johnston, Stephens, p. 247; Corr., pp. 186, 193, 194, 206-207; Hammond MSS., Jan. 27, Feb. 8.]

[Footnote 41: Ames, Calhoun, p. 26.]

[Footnote 42: Webster, Writings and Speeches, X. 161-162.]

[Footnote 43: Cyclopedia Miss. Hist., art. "Sharkey."]

[Footnote 44: Hearon, pp. 124, 171-174. Davis to Clayton (Clayton MSS.), Nov. 22, 1851.]

[Footnote 45: Globe, XXI. I. 418, 124, 712; infra, p. 268.]

[Footnote 46: MSS., Mar. 10. AM. HIST. REV., voL. xxvii.--18.]

[Footnote 47: Anstell, Bethlehem, May 21, Greenough Collection.]

[Footnote 48: Anderson, Tenn., Apr. 8, ibid.]

[Footnote 49: Goode, Hunter Corr., Amer. Hist. Assoc., Annual Report (1916, vol. II.), p. 111.]

[Footnote 50: Ames, Calhoun, pp. 24-27.]

[Footnote 51: Hearon, pp. 120-123; Anonymous, Letter on Southern Wrongs. .. in Reply to Grayson (Charleston, 1850).]

[Footnote 52: Letters, II. 111, 121, 127.]

[Footnote 53: Winthrop MSS., Jan. 16, Feb. 7.]

[Footnote 54: Philadelphia Bulletin, in McMaster, VIII. 15.]

[Footnote 55: Winthrop MSS., Feb. 10, 6.]

[Footnote 56: Writings and Speeches, XVI. 533; XVIII. 355.]

[Footnote 57: Stephens, War between the States, II. 201-205, 232; Cong. Globe, XXI. I. 375-384.]

[Footnote 58: Thurlow Weed, Life, II. 177-178, 180-181 (Gen. Pleasanton's confirmatory letter). Wilson, Slave Power, II. 249. Both corroborated by Hamline letter Rhodes, I. 134. Stephens's letters, N. Y. Herald, July 13, Aug, 8, 1876, denying threatening language used by Taylor "in my presence," do not nullify evidence of Taylor's attitude. Mann, Life, p. 292. Private Washington letter, Feb. 23, reporting interview, N. Y. Tribune, Feb. 25.]

[Footnote 59: Weekly Tribune, Mar. 2, reprinted from Daily, Feb. 27. Cf. Washington National Intelligencer, Feb. 21, quoting: Richmond Enquirer; Wilmington Commercial; Columbia Telegraph.]

[Footnote 60: New York Herald, Feb. 25; Boston Daily Advertiser, Feb. 26.]

[Footnote 61: Tribune, Feb. 25.]

[Footnote 62: Writings and Speeches, XVI. 534.]

[Footnote 63: Lodge's reproduction of Parton, pp. 16-17, 98, 195, 325-326, 349, 353, 356, 360. Other errors in Lodge's Webster, pp. 45, 314, 322, 328, 329-330, 352.]

[Footnote 64: Writings and Speeches, XVIII. 356, 387; XVI. 542, W; X. 116; Curtis, Life II. 596; XIII. 434.]

[Footnote 65: Mar. 19, Cong. Globe, XXII. II. 1063.]

[Footnote 66: Aug. 12, ibid., p. 1562.]

[Footnote 67: U. S. Bonds (1867). About 112-113, Dec., Jan., Feb., 1850; "inactive" before Webster's speech; "firmer," Mar. 8; advanced to 117, 119, May; 116-117 after Compromise.]

[Footnote 68: E. P. Wheeler, Sixty Years of American Life, p. 6; cf. Webster's Buffalo Speech, Curtis, Life, II. 576; Weed, Autobiography, p. 596.]

[Footnote 69: Winthrop MSS.]

[Footnote 691: Writings and Speeches, XVI. 534-5.]

[Footnote 70: Webster to Harvey, Apr. 7, MS. Middletown (Conn.) Hist. Soc., adds Fletcher's name. Received through the kindness of Professor George M. Dutcher.]

[Footnote 71: Writings and Speeches, X. 57; "Notes for the Speech," 281-291; Winthrop MSS., Apr. 3.]

[Footnote 72: Writings and Speeches, XVIII. 371-372.]

[Footnote 73: Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress, I. 269-271.]

[Footnote 74: Works, II. 202-203.]

[Footnote 75: Writings and Speeches, XVI. 580-581.]

[Footnote 76: Seward, Works, III. 111-116.]

[Footnote 77: Writings and Speeches, X. 57, 97.]

[Footnote 78: Ibid., XIII. 595; X. 65.]

[Footnote 781: Garrison childishly printed Eliot's name upside down, and between black lines, Liberator, Sept. 20.]

[Footnote 79: Mar. 10. MS., "Private," to Governor Clifford.]

[Footnote 80: Mar 11, Apr. 13. Webster papers, N.H. Hist. Soc., cited hereafter as "N.H.".]

[Footnote 81: Mar. 11, 25, 22, 17, 26, 28, Greenough Collection, hereafter as "Greenough."]

[Footnote 82: May 20. N.H.]

[Footnote 83: Apr. 19, May 4. N.H.]

[Footnote 84: Apr. 1. Greenough.]

[Footnote 85: Writings and Speeches, XVIII. 357.]

[Footnote 86: Apr. 19. N.H.]

[Footnote 87: June 12. N.H.]

[Footnote 88: Dec. 13. N.H.]

[Footnote 89: Writings and SPeeches, XVI. 582.]

[Footnote 90: Winthrop MSS., Mar. 21 and Apr. 10, 1850, Nov. 1951; Curtis, Life, II. 580; Everett's Memoir; Webster's Works (1851), I. clvii.]

[Footnote 93: Barnard, Albany, Apr. 19. N.H.]

[Footnote 94: Mar. 15, 28. N.H.]

[Footnote 95: June 10. Greenough. ]

[Footnote 96: Mar. 28. Greenough.]

[Footnote 97: H. L Anderson, Tenn., Apr. 8. Greenough. ]

[Footnote 98: Nelson, Va., May 2. N.H.]

[Footnote 99: Mar. 8. Greenough.]

[Footnote 100: Pp. 17-20.]

[Footnote 101: August, 1850; 127 signatures. N.H.]

[Footnote 102: Ogg, Webster, p. 379; Rhodes, I. 157-58.]

[Footnote 103: New York Journal of Commerce, Boston Advertiser, Richmond Whig Mar. 12; Baltimore Sun, Mar. 18; Ames, Calhoun, p. 25; Boston Watchman and Reflector, in Liberator, Apr. 1.]

[Footnote 104: War between the States, II. 211.]

[Footnote 105: War of the Rebellion (1866), pp. 130-131.]

[Footnote 106: Slave Power, II. 246.]

[Footnote 107: Scribner's Magazine XXVI. 84.]

[Footnote 108: Garrison, Westward Expansion, pp. 327-332; Chadwick, The Causes of the Civil War, pp. 49-51; Smith, Parties and Slavery, p. 9; Merriam, Life of Bowles, I. 81.]

[Footnote 109: Rhodes, I. 157, 161.]

[Footnote 110: Preliminary Report, Eighth Census, 1860; Chadwick, Causes of the Civil War, p. 28.]

[Footnote 111: Oct. 2, 1950. Writings and Speeches, XVI. 568-569.]

[Footnote 112: Scribner, XXVI. 84; American Law Review, XXXV. 804.]

[Footnote 113: Nicolay and Hay, IX. 76.]