CHAPTER XXII.

The towns--Approach to Oregon--The steamers--The Columbia entrance-- Astoria--Its situation, industries, development--Salmon--Shipping-- Loading and discharging cargo--Up the Columbia and Willamette to Portland--Portland, West and East--Population--Public buildings-- United States District Court--The judge--Public Library--The Bishop schools--Hospital--Churches--Stores--Chinese quarter--Banks--Industries --The city's prosperity--Its causes--Its probable future--The Oregon Railway and Navigation Company--Shipping abuses and exactions-- Railroad termini--Up the Columbia--The Dalles--Up the Willamette-- Oregon City, its history--The falls--Salem--Its position and development--Capitol buildings--Flour-mills--Oil-mills--Buena Vista potteries--Albany--Its water-power--Flour-mills--Values of land-- Corvallis--The line of the Oregon Pacific Railroad--Eugene, its university and professors--Roseburg--The West-side Railroad to Portland--Development of the country--Prosperity--Counties of Oregon --Their population--Taxable property--Average possessions--In the Willamette Valley--In Eastern Oregon--In Eastern Oregon tributary to Columbia and Snake Rivers. 252