Volume 120 (1903), p. 1371. During the Great War a conspicuous German

general complained that the Swiss in charge of the operation of the Railway was more interested in the commercial than in the strategic value of the line and did not coöperate with the military authorities. _Cf._ Field Marshal Liman von Sanders, _Fünf Jahre Türkei_ (Berlin, 1919), p. 40.

[5] _Verhandlungen des Reichstages, Stenographische Berichte, XII Legislaturperiode, 1 Session_, Volume 231 (1908), p. 4253c.

[6] _Supra_, p. 77.

[7] Paul Imbert, “Le chemin de fer de Bagdad,” in _Revue des deux mondes_, Volume 197 (1907), p. 672. The _Deutsche Bank_, with its capital and surplus of about $75,000,000, was the foremost of the German banks. Associated with it in the Bagdad Railway enterprise were a number of other financial institutions, including, it is said, the _Dresdner Bank_ and the _Darmstädter Bank_, ranking second and fourth respectively among the great banks of the German Empire. Riesser, _op. cit._, pp. 642–644.

[8] _Supra_, Chapter IV, Note 48; Fraser, _op. cit._, pp. 48–49; Jastrow, _op. cit._, p. 94; _Report of the Bagdad Railway Company_, 1904, p. 3; 1905, p. 4.

[9] Von Gwinner, _loc. cit._, p. 1088.

[10] _Corps de droit ottoman_, Volume III, pp. 221–228.

[11] _Turkey in Europe_, pp. 128–129; _The Quarterly Review_, Volume 228 (1917), pp. 510–511; _Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons_, fourth series, Volume 159 (1906), pp. 1338, 1359; _ibid._, Volume 162 (1906), p. 1419; Volume 178 (1907), p. 321; _ibid._, fifth series,