CHAPTER X

THE MAGICIAN'S DREAM OF ANCIENT DAYS 209

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATES

PHOTOGRAPH OF THE NEBULA OF ORION _Frontispiece_

TABLE OF COLOURED SPECTRA Plate I. _facing p._ 127

COLOURED DOUBLE STARS Plate II. _facing p._ 167

WOODCUTS IN THE TEXT PAGE

PARTIAL ECLIPSE OF THE MOON _Initial letter_ 1

A BOY ILLUSTRATING THE PHASES OF THE MOON 6

COURSE OF THE MOON IN THE HEAVENS 8

CHART OF THE MOON 10

FACE OF THE FULL MOON 11

TYCHO AND HIS SURROUNDINGS (from a photograph by De la Rue) 13

PLAN OF THE PEAK OF TENERIFFE 15

THE CRATER COPERNICUS 17

THE LUNAR APPENNINES (from a photograph by M.M. Henri) 19

THE CRATER PLATO SEEN SOON AFTER SUNRISE 20

DIAGRAM OF TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE MOON 23

BOY AND MICROSCOPE _Initial letter_ 27

EYE-BALL SEEN FROM THE FRONT 30

SECTION OF AN EYE LOOKING AT A PENCIL 31

IMAGE OF A CANDLE-FLAME THROWN ON PAPER BY A LENS 33

ARROW MAGNIFIED BY A CONVEX LENS 35

STUDENT'S MICROSCOPE 36

SKELETON OF A MICROSCOPE 37

FOSSIL DIATOMS SEEN UNDER THE MICROSCOPE 39

AN ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE 41

TWO SKELETONS OF TELESCOPES 44

THE PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA 47

KIRCHHOFF'S SPECTROSCOPE 51

PASSAGE OF RAYS THROUGH THE SPECTROSCOPE 52

A GROUP OF FAIRY-RING MUSHROOMS _Initial letter_ 55

THREE FORMS OF VEGETABLE MOULD MAGNIFIED 61

_MUCOR MUCEDO_ GREATLY MAGNIFIED 63

YEAST CELLS GROWING UNDER THE MICROSCOPE 65

EARLY STAGES OF THE MUSHROOM 67

LATER STAGES OF THE MUSHROOM 68

MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF MUSHROOM GILLS 69

A GROUP OF CUP LICHENS _Initial letter_ 75

EXAMPLES OF LICHENS FROM LIFE 77

SINGE-CELLED PLANTS GROWING 78

SECTIONS OF LICHENS 81

FRUCTIFICATION OF A LICHEN 83

A STEM OF FEATHERY MOSS FROM LIFE 85

MOSS-LEAF MAGNIFIED 87

_POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE_, A LARGE HAIR-MOSS 88

FRUCTIFICATION OF A MOSS 89

SPHAGNUM MOSS FROM A DEVONSHIRE BOG 93

SURFACE OF A LAVA-FLOW _Initial letter_ 96

VESUVIUS AS SEEN IN ERUPTION 97

TOP OF VESUVIUS IN 1864 100

DIAGRAMMATIC SECTION OF AN ACTIVE VOLCANO 105

SECTION OF A LAVA-FLOW 108

VOLCANIC GLASS WITH CRYSTALLITES AND MICROLITHS 109

VOLCANIC GLASS WITH WELL-DEVELOPED MICROLITHS 110

A PIECE OF DARTMOOR GRANITE 112

VOLCANIC GLASS SHOWING LARGE INCLUDED CRYSTALS 115

A TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE SUN _Initial letter_ 117

FACE OF THE SUN PROJECTED ON A PIECE OF CARDBOARD 120

PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SUN'S FACE, taken by Mr. Selwyn (Secchi, _Le Soleil_) 122

TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE SUN, SHOWING CORONA AND PROMINENCES (Guillemin, _Le Ciel_) 124

KIRCHHOFF'S EXPERIMENT ON THE DARK SODIUM LINE 128

THE SPECTROSCOPE ATTACHED TO THE TELESCOPE FOR SOLAR WORK 132

SUN-SPECTRUM AND PROMINENCE SPECTRUM COMPARED 134

RED PROMINENCES, as drawn by Mr. Lockyer 1869 136

A QUIET SUN-SPOT 140

A TUMULTUOUS SUN-SPOT 141

A STAR-CLUSTER _Initial letter_ 145

SOME CONSTELLATIONS SEEN ON LOOKING SOUTH IN MARCH FROM SIX TO NINE O'CLOCK 148

THE CHIEF STARS OF ORION, WITH ALDEBARAN 149

THE TRAPEZIUM [Greek: th] ORIONIS 150

SPECTRUM OF ORION'S NEBULA AND SUN-SPECTRUM COMPARED 151

SOME CONSTELLATIONS SEEN ON LOOKING NORTH IN MARCH FROM SIX TO NINE O'CLOCK 156

THE GREAT BEAR, SHOWING POSITION OF THE BINARY STAR 157

DRIFTING OF THE SEVEN STARS OF CHARLES'S WAIN 159

CASSIOPEIA AND THE HEAVENLY BODIES NEAR 162

[Greek: e] LYRÆ, A DOUBLE-BINARY STAR 166

A SEASIDE POOL _Initial letter_ 172

A GROUP OF SEAWEEDS (natural size) 175

_ULVA LACTUCA_, a piece greatly magnified 176

SEAWEEDS, magnified to show fruits 177

A CORALLINE AND SERTULARIAN COMPARED 179

_SERTULARIA TENELLA_ HANGING IN WATER 180

_THURICOLLA FOLLICULATA_ AND _CHILOMONAS AMYGDALUM_ 182

A GROUP OF LIVING DIATOMS 184

A DIATOM GROWING 185

_CYDIPPE PILEUS_, ANIMAL AND STRUCTURE 187

THE SEA-MAT, _FLUSTRA FOLIACEA_ 191

DIAGRAM OF THE FLUSTRA ANIMAL 192

DARTMOOR PONIES _Initial letter_ 195

_EQUUS HEMIONUS_, THE HORSE-ASS OF TARTARY AND TIBET 201

PRZEVALSKY'S WILD HORSE 202

SKELETON OF AN ANIMAL OF THE HORSE-TRIBE 206

PALÆOLITHIC MAN CHIPPING FLINT TOOLS _Initial letter_ 209

SCENE IN PALÆOLITHIC TIMES 212

PALÆOLITHIC RELICS--NEEDLE, TOOTH, IMPLEMENT 213

MAMMOTH ENGRAVED ON IVORY 216

NEOLITHIC IMPLEMENTS--HATCHET, CELT, SPINDLE WHORL 219

A BURIAL IN NEOLITHIC TIMES 221

BRITISH RELICS--COIN, BRONZE CELT, AND BRACELET 223

BRITONS TAKING REFUGE IN THE CAVE 224

THROUGH MAGIC GLASSES