Part 8
_First Class_ embraces letters, postal cards, post cards, all matter wholly or partly in writing or sealed against inspection. Rate, 2 cents for each ounce and fraction. Limit of weight, 4 pounds.
_Second Class_ applies to newspapers and periodicals in their entirety bearing the printed statement “Entered at the post-office as second-class matter,” etc., when they are mailed by the public. Parts of publications are third-class matter. Additions may be made on the wrapper or the matter itself; there may be written or printed the name and address of the sender, preceded by the word “from”; the name and address of the person to whom sent; the words “sample copy” or “marked copy,” or both, as the case may be. On the matter itself the sender may place all that is permitted on the wrapper; correct typographical errors in the text; designate by marks, not by words, {130} a word or passage in the text to which it is desired to call attention. Other writing will subject the package to the first-class rate.
Rate 1 cent for each 4 ounces or fraction. Full prepayment required. No limit of weight.
_Third Class_ includes unsealed books, newspapers and periodicals not admitted to the second class, circulars, miscellaneous printed matter on paper not having the nature of personal correspondence, and proof sheets, corrected proof sheets, and manuscript copy accompanying the same, engravings, lithographs, seeds, scions, cuttings, bulbs, roots, and plants. Also facsimile copies made by a mechanical process such as the printing press, electric pen, mimeograph, hektograph, copygraph, etc., provided that they are mailed at the post-office window in the minimum number of twenty identical copies separately addressed. If mailed elsewhere or in less number, first-class postage is required.
A circular may have in writing therein the name of the addressee or sender or date.
Corrections in proof sheets include the alteration of the text and insertion of new matter, as well as the correction of typographical and other errors. They include also marginal instructions to the printer necessary to the correction of the matter or its proper appearance in print. Part of an article may be entirely rewritten if that be necessary for {131} correction. Corrections must be upon the margin of or attached to the proof sheets. Manuscript of one article cannot be inclosed with proof or corrected proof sheets of another except at the first-class rate. Written designation of contents, such as “book,” “printed matter,” “photo,” is permissible upon the wrapper of mail matter of the third class.
A single card bearing the written name and address of the sender, or an envelope bearing a written or printed name and address of the sender, may be inclosed with a circular, catalogue, or other third-class matter without affecting the classification thereof. Public library books, otherwise mailable at the third-class rate, may bear any printed or written mark which may reasonably be construed as a necessary _inscription_ for the purpose of a permanent library record.
Rate 1 cent each 2 ounces or fraction. Limit of weight, 4 pounds, except single books. Postage must be fully prepaid and great care exercised not to add any written words or figures except such as are permissible.
_Parcel Post_ includes all (unsealed) matter not embraced in the three classes already enumerated, except seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots, scions, and plants, on which the rate is one-half cent per ounce. Important changes are certain to be made from time to time during the experimental period, so readers are urged to secure the {132} latest information from their own post-office. The basic regulations at present are as follows:
SPECIAL STAMPS REQUIRED. Denominations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 and 75c. $1. WEIGHT LIMIT: Eleven (11) pounds. SIZE LIMIT: 72 inches, length and girth combined. PARCELS MAY BE INSURED up to $50.00 by paying a fee of 10 cents. RATES PER POUND: Depend on distance parcel is to be carried. See Table of Rates on page 162. MARKING: Parcels must bear name and address of sender, preceded by word “From.” MAILING: Parcels exceeding 4 ounces in weight must be mailed at post-office.
WRAPPING OF MAIL MATTER
All mail matter should be so wrapped as safely to bear transmission without breaking, or injuring mail bags or the contents of mail bags or the persons of those handling them. Second, third, and fourth-class matter must be so wrapped or enveloped that the contents may be examined easily by postal officials. When not so wrapped, or when bearing or containing writing not authorized by law, the matter will be treated as of the first class.
FORWARDING MAIL MATTER
Matter of the first class may be forwarded until it reaches the addressee. All other classes require prepayment of the original postage before forwarding.
WHAT CANNOT BE MAILED
All transient second-class matter and all matter of the third or fourth class not wholly {133} prepaid, and letters and other first-class matter not prepaid are full rate — 2 cents.
All matter weighing over 4 pounds, except second-class matter, single books, and documents printed and circulated by authority of Congress.
Postal, post, or other cards mailed without wrappers and all matter bearing upon the outside cover or wrapper any delineations, epithets, terms, or language of an indecent, lewd, lascivious, obscene, libelous, scurrilous, defamatory or threatening character, or calculated by the terms of manner or style of display, and obviously intended to reflect injuriously upon the character or conduct of another.
Post cards bearing particles of glass, metal, mica, sand, tinsel, etc., are unmailable.
All matter concerning any lottery, so-called gift concert, or other enterprise of chance, or concerning schemes devised for the purpose of obtaining money or property under false pretenses.
CONCEALED MATTER
For knowingly concealing or inclosing any matter of a higher class in that of a lower class, and depositing or causing the same to be deposited for conveyance by mail at a less rate than would be charged for both such higher and lower class, the offender will be liable for every such offense to a fine of $10. {134}
DOMESTIC RATES
The domestic rates apply to the United States, Porto Rico, Guam, Philippine Islands, Shanghai (China), Tutuila, Cuba, Canada,[27] Mexico,[27] Hawaii, Republic of Panama and the Panama Canal Zone.
[27] See exceptions which follow.
FOREIGN RATES
Mail matter addressed to countries in the Universal Postal Union is subject to the following rates: Letters and sealed packages, 5 cents for one ounce or fraction thereof, and 3 cents for each additional ounce or fraction thereof, if prepaid, and double that rate if not prepaid, except Great Britain, and Germany (if sent by steamers sailing for Germany direct), which is 2 cents per ounce.
Postal and private mail cards, 2 cents each.
Printed matter of every kind, commercial papers, samples of merchandise, 1 cent each 2 ounces or fraction thereof, but at least 5 cents must be paid on each packet of commercial papers and 2 cents on each packet of samples of merchandise.
Mail schedules showing the name of steamer, hour of closing of the mail at the General Post-Office, etc., may be found in the corridors of the General Post-Office or any of its stations. {135}
Exceptions for Cuba, Mexico, Canada, and Republic of Panama
Matter mailed in United States addressed to MEXICO is subject to the same postage rates and conditions as that addressed in the United States, except that articles of miscellaneous merchandise (fourth-class matter) in unsealed packages not sent as bona fide trade samples are required to be sent by “Parcels Post,” and that the following articles are absolutely excluded from the mails:
All sealed packages other than letters in the usual form; all packages (including packages of second-class matter which weigh more than 4 pounds 6 ounces), except such as are sent by parcels post; publications which violate any copyright law of Mexico.
Samples of merchandise: Packages not in excess of 4 ounces, 2 cents. Packages in excess of 4 ounces, for each 2 ounces or fraction thereof, 1 cent. Limit of weight, 12 ounces.
Mail matter in United States addressed to CANADA and CUBA is subject to same postage rates and conditions as addressed for delivery in United States, except that the following articles are absolutely excluded from the mails:
All packages closed against inspection and not in usual form of a letter; all packages, except single volumes of printed books, {136} which weigh more than 4 pounds 6 ounces; publications which violate any copyright law of Canada, Cuba, or Republic of Panama.
Unsealed packages of “commercial papers” are admitted to the mails dispatched from this country to Mexico and Canada at the same rate and subject to the same conditions as to weight and dimensions as apply to commercial papers in mails dispatched to other countries of Universal Postal Union.
FOREIGN PARCELS POST
Parcels Post conventions are in effect with the following countries, the rate of postage being 12 cents a pound or fraction: Australia,[28] Austria,[28] Bahamas, Barbadoes,[28] Belgium,[28] Bermuda, Bolivia, British Guiana, British Honduras, Chili, certain places in China; Costa Rica, Denmark.[28] Dutch Guiana — _Parcels cannot be registered_. Ecuador — _Parcels must not exceed $50 in value_. France — _Parcels cannot be registered and must not weigh over 4 pounds 6 ounces or exceed $50 in value_. Germany. Great Britain and Ireland — _Parcels cannot be registered_. Guatemala, Honduras, Hongkong,[28] Hungary,[28] Jamaica, Japan.[28] Mexico — _Limit of size, 2 feet in length, 4 feet in girth_. Netherlands[28] — _Parcels cannot be registered_. Newfoundland, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway,[28] Peru, Salvador, Sweden,[28] Trinidad. {137} Uruguay — _Parcels cannot be registered_. Venezuela, Windward Islands.
[28] Parcels not to exceed $80 in value.
Parcels Post packages may be mailed only at the main post-office or at branch carrier stations after each package has been examined and is attached to a parcels post declaration.
MONEY ORDER FEES
Fees for money orders payable in the United States (which includes Hawaii and Porto Rico) and its possessions comprising the Canal Zone (Isthmus of Panama), Guam, the Philippines, and Tutuila, Samoa; also for orders payable in Bahamas, Bermuda, British Guiana, British Honduras, Canada, Cuba, Newfoundland, at the United States postal agency at Shanghai (China), and in certain islands in the West Indies:
Not exceeding $2.50 3c Over $2.50 to $5 5c Over $5 to $10 8c Over $10 to $20 10c Over $20 to $30 12c Over $30 to $40 15c Over $40 to $50 18c Over $50 to $60 20c Over $60 to $75 25c Over $75 to $100 30c
Fees for International Money Orders
When payable in Apia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Chili, Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Germany, Hongkong, Japan, Liberia, Luxemburg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Orange River Colony, Peru, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, and Transvaal: {138}
Not exceeding $10 8c Over $10 to $20 10c Over $20 to $30 15c Over $30 to $40 20c Over $40 to $50 25c Over $50 to $60 30c Over $60 to $70 35c Over $70 to $80 40c Over $80 to $90 45c Over $90 to $100 50c
When payable in Cape Colony, France, Great Britain, Greece, Republic of Honduras, Italy, New South Wales, Queensland, Russia, Salvador, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria:
Not exceeding $10 10c Over $10 to $20 20c Over $20 to $30 30c Over $30 to $40 40c Over $40 to $50 50c Over $50 to $60 60c Over $60 to $70 70c Over $70 to $80 80c Over $80 to $90 90c Over $90 to $100 $1
REGISTERED MAIL
_Domestic_
Any article of the first, second, third, or fourth class mail matter may be registered at any post-office in the United States. The fee on registered matter, domestic or foreign, is 10 cents for each letter or parcel, to be affixed in stamps, in addition to the postage. Full prepayment of postage and fee is required. Two or more letters or parcels addressed to, or intended for, the same person cannot be tied or otherwise fastened together and registered as one.
A return receipt signed by the recipient and showing delivery is returned to the sender of each domestic registered letter or parcel if requested at the time of mailing. {139}
If it is desired that registered matter be delivered to the addressee only, it should be endorsed “To be delivered to the addressee only.”
The postal authorities give an indemnity for domestic first-class registered mail lost in transit up to $50.
_Foreign_
1. Any article of mail matter, except parcels post packages for France, The Netherlands, Uruguay, Great Britain, Barbadoes, Dutch Guiana, may be registered, provided that when presented for registration the postage thereon be fully prepaid by postage stamps affixed, also the registration fee, which is uniformly 10 cents.
2. Name and address of sender in full must be indorsed on or written across the end of the letter or article before it can be registered.
3. The senders of registered articles may obtain assurance of their receipt by persons addressed by indorsing them with the words, “Return receipt requested.”
SPECIAL DELIVERY SYSTEM
A special 10 cent stamp, when attached to a letter or package (in addition to the lawful postage), will entitle such to immediate delivery at destination within the carrier limit of a free delivery office between the hours of 7 A.M. and 11 P.M., and from 7 A.M. to {140} 7 P.M. at all other offices, or until after the arrival of the last mail at night, provided that be not later than 9 P.M. Special delivery mail must be delivered on Sunday, as well as on other days, if post-office is open on Sundays.
If special delivery matter fails of delivery because there is no person at the place of address to receive it, the matter is returned to the post-office and delivered in the ordinary mail.
Ten cents worth of ordinary stamps with “special delivery” written on envelope serves the same purpose. Short-paid second, third, and fourth class matter, to which is attached a special delivery stamp, cannot be forwarded.
POSTAL DISTANCES AND TIME FROM NEW YORK CITY
SHORTEST ROUTES AND TIME IN TRANSIT BY FASTEST TRAINS
_Subject to alterations occasioned by changes in time tables and connections_
+------+--------- Cities in U. S. | Mls. | Hrs. -------------------+------+--------- Albany, N. Y. | 142 | 3 1/2 Atlanta, Ga. | 882 | 24 1/4 Baltimore, Md. | 138 | 6 Bismarck, N. Dak. | 1738 | 60 1/2 Boise, Idaho | 2736 | 92 1/2 Boston, Mass. | 217 | 6 Buffalo, N. Y. | 410 | 9 1/2 Cape May, N. J. | 172 | 5 Carson City, Nev. | 3036 | 109 1/4 Charleston, S. C. | 804 | 21 1/4 Chattanooga, Ten. | 853 | 32 Cheyenne, Wyo. | 1899 | 54 Chicago, Ill. | 900 | 23 Cincinnati, O. | 744 | 23 Cleveland, O. | 568 | 19 1/2 Columbus, O. | 624 | 20 Concord, N. H. | 292 | 9 1/2 Deadwood, S. Dak. | 1957 | 65 1/2 Denver, Col. | 1930 | 61 1/2 Des Moines, Ia. | 1257 | 37 1/2 Detroit, Mich. | 743 | 21 Galveston, Tex. | 1789 | 56 1/2 Harrisburg, Pa. | 182 | 6 Hartford, Ct. | 112 | 4 Helena, Mont. | 2423 | 89 Hot Springs, Ark. | 1367 | 55 Indianapolis, Ind. | 808 | 23 Jacksonville, Fla. | 1077 | 30 {141} Kansas City, Mo. | 1302 | 38 1/4 Louisville, Ky. | 854 | 30 Memphis, Tenn. | 1163 | 40 Milwaukee, Wis. | 985 | 29 1/4 Montgomery, Ala. | 1057 | 26 Montpelier, Vt. | 327 | 10 1/4 New Orleans, La. | 1344 | 32 Omaha, Neb. | 1383 | 43 Philadelphia, Pa. | 90 | 3 Pittsburgh, Pa. | 431 | 13 Portland, Me. | 325 | 12 Portland, Ore. | 3181 | 141 1/2 Prescott, Ariz. | 2724 | 94 Providence, R. I. | 189 | 5 Richmond, Va. | 344 | 11 1/4 St. Louis, Mo. | 1048 | 29 St. Paul, Minn. | 1300 | 37 Salt Lake City, U. | 2452 | 71 1/2 San Francisco, Cal.| 3250 | 105 Santa Fe, N. Mex. | 2173 | 82 Savannah, Ga. | 905 | 26 1/4 Tacoma, Wash. | 3209 | 102 Topeka, Kan. | 1370 | 48 Trenton, N. J. | 57 | 2 Vicksburgh, Miss. | 1288 | 50 Vinita, Ind. Ter. | 1412 | 42 Washington, D. C. | 228 | 6 Wheeling, W. Va. | 496 | 14 1/4 Wilmington, Del. | 117 | 5 Wilmington, N. C. | 593 | 20 -------------------+------+---------
FOREIGN CITIES FROM NEW YORK CITY
+-------+----- By Postal Route to | Mls. | D’s ----------------------+-------+----- Adelaide, v. Frisco | 12845 | 34 Alexandria, v. Lon. | 6150 | 13 Amsterdam, v. Lon. | 3985 | 9 Antwerp, v. London | 4000 | 9 Athens, v. Lon. | 5655 | 12 Bahia, Brazil | 5870 | 21 Bangkok, S. v. Frisco | 12990 | 43 Batavia, J. v. Lon. | 12800 | 34 Berlin | 4385 | 9 Bombay, v. London | 9765 | 24 Bremen | 4235 | 8 Buenos Ayres | 8045 | 29 Calcutta, v. London | 11120 | 26 Cape Town, v. Lon. | 11245 | 27 Const’ople, v. Lon. | 5810 | 11 Florence, v. London | 4800 | 10 Glasgow | 3370 | 10 Greytown, v. N. O. | 2815 | 7 Halifax, N. S. | 645 | 2 Hamburg, direct | 4820 | 9 Havana | 1366 | 3 Hongkong, v. Fris. | 10590 | 25 Honolulu, v. Frisco | 5645 | 13 Liverpool | 3540 | 8 London | 3740 | 8 Madrid, v. London | 4925 | 9 Melbourne, v. Fris. | 12265 | 26 Mexico City (R.R.) | 3750 | 5 Panama | 2355 | 6 Paris | 4020 | 8 Rio de Janeiro | 6204 | 23 Rome, v. London | 5030 | 9 Rotterdam, v. Lon. | 3935 | 9 St. Ptrsburg, v. Lon. | 5370 | 10 Shanghai, v. Fris. | 9920 | 25 Stockholm, v. Lon. | 4975 | 10 Sydney, v. Frisco | 11570 | 21 Valparaiso, v. Pan. | 4808 | 21 Vienna | 4740 | 10 Yokohama, v. Fris. | 7348 | 20 ----------------------+-------+-----
{142}
APPENDIX
STANDARD TIME
By Standard Time is meant that the hour of each 15° of longitude becomes the local mean time for the zone or belt extending 7 1/2° on each side of the central meridian; though in practise the zone has to be adapted to local circumstances, and so cannot conform to the exact line or meridian, but is arranged to suit boundaries of States or Provinces as may be most convenient. By way of illustration, it may be noted that in the Province of Ontario, Canada, by Act of the Legislature, the hour of 75° W. is Standard Time for the Province as far as 87° W., and that the S.W. point, 83° W., extends westerly beyond the eastern part of the State of Michigan, where the time of 90° W. is used; so at Windsor, Ontario, it is noon while in Michigan — more to the east — it is 11 A.M. The Standard Time as used in the chief cities of Canada and the United States may be noted: at Quebec, Montreal, and Toronto, at Boston, New York, and Washington, the time of 75° W., five hours earlier than Greenwich, is used; at Winnipeg in Manitoba, and at Detroit, Chicago, and New Orleans, the time of 90°, {143} six hours earlier than Greenwich, is used; at Regina and Denver it is the time of 105°, seven hours earlier than Greenwich; and in British Columbia and at San Francisco the time of 120° W., eight hours earlier than Greenwich, is used; and when 180° is reached another day begins in Eastern Siberia, at the Fiji Islands, and a little to the east of New Zealand.
The same rule applies to places east of Greenwich, where, of course, noon is earlier than at Greenwich according to the longitude. Spain adopted Standard — that is, Greenwich — Time early in the century. When noon at Greenwich it is 2 P.M. in Egypt and South Africa; it is 5:30 P.M. in India, 82 1/2° E.; in Japan and Corea, 135° E., it is 9 P.M.; and in Eastern Australia, 150° E., it is 10 P.M.
The question is often asked, “Where does a day begin?” — that is, any special day, New Year’s Day or Easter Day — and the answer is that for all peoples, nations, and languages, using maps with longitude East and West from Greenwich, each day begins at the meridian of 180°, slightly east of New Zealand in the South, and intersecting Eastern Siberia in the North, and so the last day of the nineteenth century and the first day of the twentieth were on the Earth together, not running concurrently or side by side, north and south of the Equator, as has been {144} supposed, erroneously, but the latter following the former from 180° westerly to Greenwich, and on again to 180°, where it gave place to January 2.
Twelve O’clock Noon Greenwich Mean Time
AS COMPARED WITH THE CLOCK IN THE FOLLOWING PLACES
H. M. Adelaide 9 14 P.M. Auckland (N.Z.) 11 39 P.M. Berlin 0 54 P.M. Berne 0 30 P.M. Bombay 4 51 P.M. Boston, U.S. 7 16 A.M. Brisbane, Qnsland 10 12 P.M. Brussels 0 17 P.M. Calcutta 5 53 P.M. Cape of Good Hope 1 14 P.M. Chicago 6 10 A.M. Constantinople 1 56 P.M. Dublin 11 35 A.M. Edinburgh 11 47 A.M. Florence 0 45 P.M. Glasgow 11 43 A.M. Hobart, Tasmania 9 49 P.M. Jerusalem 2 21 P.M. Lisbon 11 23 A.M. Madras 5 21 P.M. Madrid 11 45 A.M. Malta 0 58 P.M. Melbourne, Aus. 9 40 P.M. Moscow 2 30 P.M. Newfndland, S. Jns. 8 29 A.M. New York 7 4 A.M. Paris 0 9 P.M. Pekin 7 46 P.M. Penzance 11 37 A.M. Perth, W. Aus. 7 43 P.M. Philadelphia 6 59 A.M. Port Moresby 10 4 P.M. Prague 0 58 P.M. Quebec 7 15 A.M. Rome 0 50 P.M. Rotterdam 0 18 P.M. San Francisco, Port 3 52 A.M. St. Petersburg 2 1 P.M. Stockholm 1 12 P.M. Suez 2 10 P.M. Sydney 10 5 P.M. Toronto 6 42 A.M. Vancouver 3 38 A.M. Vienna 1 5 P.M.
{145}
FOREIGN COINS
WITH THEIR VALUE IN UNITED STATES MONEY AS PROCLAIMED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
1 OCTOBER, 1910
A = Standard B = Monetary Unit C = Val. in terms of U.S. gold dollar