CHAPTER XXV

THE FINAL ADVANCE

III. _The 1/4th Battalion in the Battles of Cambrai and The Sambre, 1918_

The changes which the Battalion found at Boiry-Becquerelle in the few days which had elapsed since its last rest there were truly astonishing. The rapidity of the advance had released Boiry from risk of bombardment by all except long range guns, and the necessity for the supply services to keep pace with the fighting troops in their progress eastward had already resulted in a complete metamorphosis of the Boyelles-Boiry area. Already Boyelles Station was a hive of industry, and trains were daily entering it from Arras with supplies. In Boiry-Becquerelle itself, which had been in German hands till the 23rd August, the 1/4th Londons were able to enjoy the luxury of baths and clean clothing on the 2nd September.

The few days' rest obtained here were passed pleasantly amid fine weather in refitting and reorganisation; and the Battalion was fortunately able on the 4th September to commemorate the fourth anniversary of its departure from England. Companies were now commanded as follows: A by Capt. H. N. Williams, M.C.; B by Capt. L. L. Watts, M.M.; C by Capt. C. L. Henstridge, M.C.; and D by Capt. T. B. Cooper, M.C., M.M.

About this time the Battalion Transport, which had been stationed at Boisleux St Marc, was divided into two echelons, of which A was the fighting and B the supply portion. These two echelons were respectively commanded by Lieut. G. V. Lawrie, M.C., and Lieut. G. E. Stanbridge. Although as a rule the two portions moved together, they were each self-contained and ready to operate separately in case of a sudden and rapid advance.

In the meantime the remainder of the XVII Corps was busily chasing the enemy through Quéant, Pronville and down the Arras-Cambrai Road to a point between Villers-lez-Cagnicourt and Buissy. After a warning order to the 56th Division to move forward again into the Corps area of battle, arrangements were suddenly changed--as on numerous other occasions--and on the 5th September the Division was transferred to the XXII Corps (Godley) of the First Army, with orders to relieve the 1st Division in the line.

East of Vis-en-Artois and south of Douai is a stretch of country well watered by numerous streams, and intersected by many ponds and marshes. At Eterpigny the Cojeul and Sensée Rivers join, and thus augmented the Sensée expands at Etaing into what is practically a chain of lakes. Augmented by the Trinquis River and connected by it to the Scarpe, the Sensée flows eastward past Lécluse, Palluel and Aubigny-au-Bac. At Palluel it receives on its right, or south, bank the equally marshy streams of the Agache and the Hirondelle and is intersected by the northern extremity of the Canal du Nord, which here links up with the Canal de la Sensée. This last-named Canal runs southward from Douai to Arleux and then turning eastward down the river valley joins the Canal de l'Escaut. The whole area thus constitutes a thoroughly complicated system of waterways and marshes which form barriers of very great natural strength to an advance.

The Sensée marshes from Etaing to Palluel had formed the left flank of the Canadian Corps advance in its break through the Drocourt-Quéant line during the Battle of the Scarpe, and now formed a natural defensive flank, facing northwards, to our advanced positions on the Canal du Nord. In this area the 56th Division relieved the 1st Division. On the evening of the 7th September, after a a halt of one night at Vis-en-Artois, the 1/4th Londons took over the positions of the 2nd Royal Sussex on a front from Eterpigny Wood to a point east of Etaing. The line was continued to Lécluse by the Kensingtons and thence by the 169th Brigade.

The Battalion was now in country which hitherto had been in German hands for the whole of the War, and the devastated area was left behind. Villages were still standing and houses furnished. Indeed, the civilians had still been in occupation of them during the battle but had now been moved to the rear by the French Mission. Trenches in the ordinary sense were here non-existent and the front was held by a series of outposts along the line of the Sensée with sentry posts dug in small pits behind the cover of trees and bushes. D, B, and C Companies were in line, with A and Headquarters on the hill above Etaing.

Life in this sector was comparatively uneventful. The defences were improved and a great deal of useful patrolling work carried out in the endeavour to locate fords or other means of crossing the swamps in front. For his excellent reconnaissances and reports Sergt. Heyes, M.M., received commendation.

The previous occupants of the line had evidently been cautious in the use of their transport in forward areas, for rations and stores were dumped each night at a cross-road about 2000 yards in rear of the line; a course involving the nightly labours of some 70 men for carrying duties. The 1/4th Londons altered this and had limbers at night up to the front line without any mishap, thus saving an immense amount of fatigue and trouble to everyone.

After reorganising the outpost line to a strength of two companies the Battalion handed over its positions on the evening of the 12th September to the 1st Londons (167th Brigade), and concentrating at St Rohart Factory on the Arras-Cambrai Road were 'bussed back to Feuchy where they occupied shelters in Battery Valley, an area which a month previously they had held as a front line!

In this area a good deal of useful training with rifle and Lewis gun was put in, and a friendly boxing tournament with the London Scottish one evening afforded a pleasant relaxation. The Battalion was here joined by a large draft of officers, including Lieuts. A. Bath and T. R. Fletcher, and 2/Lieuts. Bradley, R. D. Bushell, J. Coley, P. W. Green and S. P. Ferdinando; and 2/Lieut. S. W. Neville (7th Londons) attached.

Lieut. E. P. M. Mosely's diary for this period affords an excellent illustration of the care taken to maintain the discipline of the Battalion at a high standard by the application of "peace-time" methods whenever the situation allowed:

... This sound principle was the means of preventing officers and men from degenerating into the "Ole Bill" type--a type which probably existed nowhere except in caricature. At Feuchy the Battalion was resting. The enemy had been swept back and had left just a desolate landscape, a smashed railway bridge and a collection of shell holes. The accommodation for officers and men consisted of holes in the ground roofed with tarpaulins and cuttings in the embankment which carried what was left of the railway line.

Notwithstanding the entire lack of civilised comforts, at 7.30 in the evenings, standing on the battered arch of the bridge which once carried the line over Spider Corner, a Battalion bugler would sound "Dress for Mess." Officers would then scurry into their holes and half an hour later emerge in slacks, well-groomed, and enter the mess, a white-washed elephant shelter, and partake of a five-course dinner with all customary mess etiquette.

On the 19th September the 168th Brigade returned to the line. The Corps boundaries were being now rearranged and the 56th Division was being side-stepped to its right, a change which was effected by handing over a portion of its left to the 4th Division and extending its right over the front hitherto held by the 3rd Canadian Division. The additional frontage on the right was allotted to the 168th Brigade, which, after the relief, held a sector east of Ecourt St Quentin, with the London Scottish on the right and the 1/4th Londons on the left. The Brigade's left flank was secured by the 167th Brigade, which, facing north-east, held the area from Ecourt St Quentin to Lécluse.

The 1/4th Londons' sector consisted of a line of outposts some 500 yards west of the Canal du Nord, of which both banks were held in force by the Germans, from the Sauchy-Cauchy Road on the right, as far as Mill Copse (inclusive to the enemy), where the line bent back and facing north-east lay astride the Hirondelle River, the village of Ecourt St Quentin being inclusive to us. This line of outposts was held by two companies with Headquarters in a cottage east of Osvillers Lake, while two companies were in support in front of Rumaucourt.

The Battalion was unfortunate on the night of the relief in losing 2/Lieut. A. Cartmell, wounded, while 2/Lieut. S. W. Neville was killed early the following morning.

Like the Etaing area, this sector was marshy and intersected in all directions by dykes and streams. On the opposite bank of the Canal, the right flank around Sauchy-Cauchy was equally swampy; but opposite the centre and left the whole of our area was well under observation from a considerable hill on which stood Oisy-le-Verger--looking like a second Monchy--and the Bois de Quesnoy.

In this sector the artillery on both sides was continually active, though on the enemy's part activity was chiefly confined to counter-battery work. The Battalion was especially active at night in conducting reconnaissances of the ground in front, and some useful information was obtained. Very little was seen of the enemy's infantry, though on two nights he succeeded by stealth in stealing the garrison of one of our advanced posts, his second attempt being rendered successful by the artifice of approaching the post in the guise of deserters.

We must now turn for a moment to the general situation and must briefly consider once more the results achieved by the Battles of Bapaume and of the Scarpe in order to appreciate the further development of the offensive.

In commenting on the achievements of the British Armies in the Battle of Bapaume Sir Douglas Haig in his despatches draws attention to the steady deterioration of the enemy's morale and the increasing lack of organisation in his defence:

The urgent needs of the moment, the wide extent of front attacked and consequent uncertainty as to where the next blow would fall, and the extent of his losses, had forced the enemy to throw in his reserves piecemeal as they arrived on the battle front. On many occasions in the course of the fighting elements of the same German division had been identified on widely separated parts of the battle front.

In such circumstances a sudden and successful blow, of weight sufficient to break through the northern hinge of the defences on which he was to fall back, might produce results of great importance.

This anticipation of the Commander-in-Chief was amply fulfilled by the rapid retreat of the enemy towards the Hindenburg line during the first week of September after the close of the Battle of the Scarpe.

After hard fighting at Havrincourt and Epéhy during the third week of September the enemy was definitely within his Hindenburg defences as far north as Havrincourt, north of which he had been pushed beyond them to the line of the Canal du Nord. On the 12th September the Americans drove the enemy out of the St Mihiel salient, and it was decided in discussion between Sir Douglas Haig and Marshal Foch that as soon as possible four vigorous and simultaneous attacks should be launched: by the Americans in the direction of Mézières; by the French in Argonne with the same general objectives; by the British in the direction of Maubeuge; and by Belgian and Allied Forces in Flanders towards Ghent.

By these attacks, says Sir Douglas Haig, it was expected that the important German forces opposite the French and Americans would be pressed back upon the difficult country of the Ardennes while the British thrust at their main communications.

The long continued blows delivered by the British Armies, although enormously successful, had placed a great strain on the troops, and their losses, though small in proportion to the enemy's and to the results achieved, were in the aggregate considerable. The Hindenburg positions were known to be strongly defended, and an unsuccessful attack on them would have a serious political effect and inevitably revive the declining German morale. An important crisis in the War had been reached and it was essential that the success of the British in this new attack should be decisive. After weighing the various considerations involved Sir Douglas Haig states:

... I was convinced that the British attack was the essential part of the general scheme and that the moment was favourable. Accordingly I decided to proceed with the attack....

The battle, which opened on the British front on the 27th September (Battle of Cambrai, 1918), culminated on the 5th October in the capture of all the Hindenburg trenches and of such isolated trench systems as lay in rear of it.

The part of the 56th Division in this great battle was the crossing of the Canal du Nord. This strong natural obstacle was considered to be too stubbornly held to yield to frontal attack on a wide area; and the general plan was therefore for the Canadian Corps to cross it on a narrow front north of Mœuvres and then spreading out fanwise to extend the gains north and south on the east bank.

The 1st Canadian Division, on the left of the Canadian Corps and adjoining the right of the 56th Division, was to cross the Canal south of the Arras-Cambrai Road and carry the line forward to Haynecourt. After this the 56th Division, astride the Canal on a front as far east as Sauchicourt Farm, with the 11th Division on its right, would attack northwards towards Oisy-le-Verger and the Sensée River at Palluel.

The 56th Division attack was entrusted east of the Canal to the 169th Brigade and west of it to the Kensingtons of the 168th Brigade. The London Scottish and 1/4th Londons in line had thus the peculiar experience of the attack actually crossing their front from right to left.

At 5.30 a.m. on the 27th September the crash of the barrage announced the opening of the Canadian Corps attack. The enemy's retaliation was slight and had practically ceased by 6 a.m. The 1/4th Londons' area was occupied by eight brigades of field guns engaged in firing a flank barrage to the main attack until 2.48 p.m., when they were to switch on a creeping barrage for the attack northwards along the Canal. Additional flank protection was furnished by six companies of machine-guns also in our area. In view of this heavy barrage and the possibility of severe retaliation the 1/4th Londons' outpost line was thinned out to two platoons in charge of Lieut. T. R. Fletcher, the remainder of the front companies being withdrawn to the support position.

The Canadian attack went well, but very stiff opposition was encountered in Marquion, so that the 56th Division attack from the Blue line had to be postponed from 2.48 p.m. to 3.28 p.m. Excellent work was done by the 512th and 513th Field Companies, R.E. (56th Division), in bridging the Canal at Marquion.

During the morning the 1/4th Londons' front seemed to be clear, and an officer's patrol under 2/Lieut. O. C. Hudson was sent forward to reconnoitre the enemy positions along the Agache River, which were found to be unoccupied.

At 3.28 p.m. the Kensingtons commenced their attack and progressed without difficulty as far as their first objective, the east and west road through Sauchy-Cauchy. North of this, however, they were met with stubborn resistance from machine-guns in Mill Copse and the marshes east of the Canal. Owing to the restricted avenues of advance through the marsh--there were only two possible routes to Mill Copse--the Kensingtons' attack was checked at about 6.30 p.m. some 500 yards south of the Copse. Excellent information was brought to Headquarters by 2/Lieut. A. M. Bullock as to the situation not only of the Kensingtons but also of the 169th Brigade east of the Canal.

About 5.50 p.m. C and D Companies began to re-establish the almost vacated outpost line, and later in the evening D Company was ordered to endeavour to assist the Kensingtons by pushing through to the Agache River and if possible by working round the Copse. By shortly after 11 p.m. reports were received that D Company had established four posts in touch with the Kensingtons. Mill Copse, however, was still in the enemy hands.

On the right of the Canal the 169th Brigade was also held up by stubborn machine-guns, and it was not till 8 a.m. the following morning that they were fully in possession of their final objective.

In view of the check on both banks the reserve company of the Kensingtons was ordered to clear up the situation as soon as the moon rose, and at 2 a.m. this company advanced astride the Canal as far as Mill Copse, which it found unoccupied. The Kensingtons then organised in depth, having reached their final objective at the surprisingly small cost of nine other ranks wounded.

The prosecution of the advance was ordered for the 28th September, and the 1/4th Londons were detailed to carry the 168th Brigade line forward on the west bank of the Canal towards Palluel, while on the east the 169th Brigade was to advance to the Sensée River.

During the night Battalion Headquarters was persistently shelled from its left rear by guns across the Sensée, with mustard gas.

At 9.30 a.m. D Company, with one platoon of A Company attached, began the advance northward to Palluel in the narrow gut of land between the Canal and the marshes and ponds of the Hirondelle River. Lieut.-Col. Marchment, 2/Lieut. Bullock, Sergts. Randall and Heyes and a few signallers followed in the attack, communication with Headquarters being maintained by a running wire all the way. Very little opposition was met with, and Capt. Cooper, with Lieut. Fletcher and 2/Lieut. Millstead, was soon established on the bridges at Palluel, where touch was gained with C Company and with patrols of the 8th Middlesex (167th Brigade) which occupied the village and advanced beyond it towards Arleux.

The whole 168th Brigade front being now confined to this narrow tongue of land its area was handed over to the 167th Brigade, and the 1/4th Londons withdrew to reserve positions at Rumaucourt. This move was completed by 9.15 p.m. on the 28th September.

This successful operation had been effected at very slight loss, the total casualties of the Division having been only 341 all ranks, while the 1/4th London losses for the whole of September were the happily small total of 30 other ranks in addition to the two officers already mentioned.

During these two days' fighting the 11th Division on the right had also met with considerable success, and on the evening of the 30th September the 168th Brigade was ordered back to the line to take over the positions gained by the left Brigade (the 34th) of the 11th Division. The advanced positions, which extended from the sharp bend in the Sensée Canal south of Brunemont on the left to a point opposite Aubencheul-au-Bac on the right, were occupied by the London Scottish and the Kensingtons.

The 1/4th Londons, who marched from Rumaucourt at 9 p.m. on the 30th September, relieved the 2nd Manchester in the support area, on the high ground south of Oisy-le-Verger and east of Sauchy-Lestrée.

The dispositions in this area were far from good, all the companies being rather mixed up in the railway cutting near the Bois des Puits; and on the following day Lieut.-Col. Marchment effected a redistribution of the Battalion, moving C and D Companies to Cemetery Wood and B Company to Battalion Headquarters near the Aubencheul Road, while A Company remained at the Bois des Puits. For five days the Battalion was busily employed in nightly working parties, digging a line of support posts across the ridge south of Oisy-le-Verger as far east as the old German dump at the cross-roads towards Epinoy. This dump proved to be a rather popular spot for it was found to be amply supplied with large bottles of Seltzer water. Probably a good number of these was taken on unofficial charge of the Battalion.

On the evening of the 5th October the 1/4th Londons took over the right subsection from the London Scottish, on the slope of the hill overlooking Aubencheul and the railway triangle. Hostile activity was slight on the 6th October, and from observation it seemed that the enemy was holding Aubencheul very lightly; in the afternoon orders were received to test the situation with patrols and if possible to penetrate the village and occupy the Canal bank north of it. Considerable fires observed during the morning in Aubigny-au-Bac contributed to the supposition that the vacation by the enemy of Aubencheul, if not already accomplished, was at least imminent.

B Company (Lieut. H. F. Dade) was detailed for the work, and at 7 p.m. No. 7 Platoon, with Lieut. A. M. Bullock, Intelligence Officer, and 4 Headquarters scouts attached, left advanced Battalion Headquarters to try to enter the village and reach the railway bridge over the Canal. The other platoons stood in readiness to move forward if required. By 10.15 p.m. information was received that the platoon was in the village without having met with any of the enemy, and accordingly Nos. 5 and 8 Platoons were at once ordered to move forward to form posts at the railway crossing and the Aubigny-au-Bac Road bridge and to find touch with the 11th Division on the right. These operations were successfully accomplished, though the enemy gave evidence of his occupation of the north end of the bridges.

By 4 a.m. on the 7th October the occupation of the village was complete with two platoons which were in touch with the 2nd Yorkshires (4th Division) on the right, one platoon in the railway cutting south of the village and one still in the old outpost line. No casualties had been sustained.

The following day the 1/4th Londons took over the whole Brigade front, C Company (Capt. C. L. Henstridge, M.C.) on the right, A Company (Capt. L. L. Watts, M.M.) in the centre and D Company (Lieut. T. R. Fletcher) on the left. B Company (Lieut. H. F. Dade) was withdrawn to support. The outposts consisted of a line of sentry posts on the Canal with a line of resistance about 400 yards in rear. A reserve line was occupied on the spurs overlooking the Canal north and east of Oisy-le-Verger. Company Headquarters were located in captured German battery positions, and D Company became the possessors of a complete battery of 8-inch German howitzers which had been taken on the 27th September.

* * * * *

The first phase of the great British offensive may now be said to have been brought to a conclusion. In the nine days' fighting between the 27th September and the 5th October, the First, Third and Fourth Armies had shattered the enemy's last prepared lines of defence. The line of the Canal du Nord had been crossed and left far behind, and the whole of the main Hindenburg defences were in our hands. "The effect of the victory," writes Sir Douglas Haig in his despatches, "on the subsequent course of the campaign was decisive." The threat to the enemy's communications was now direct and instant, for nothing but the natural obstacles of a wooded and well-watered countryside lay between our Armies and Maubeuge.

In this fighting 30 British and 2 American infantry divisions and 1 British cavalry division had met and defeated 39 German divisions at a loss to the enemy of 36,000 prisoners and 380 guns!

The effect of the advance of our Armies on this front now rendered the enemy's positions in the Lys area precarious. Already on the 28th September the Second Army, attacking on a wide front about Ypres, had carried forward our positions in one day a greater distance than had been gained in the whole of the dreary struggles for Passchendaele in 1917. By the 1st October Messines had again been liberated and our troops were approaching Gheluve and Werwicq. On the 2nd October the enemy initiated a general withdrawal on the front from Lens to Armentières.

We have now to follow the course of the second phase of the British advance--the final phase of the War. In this great operation the Fourth and Third Armies and the right of the First Army advanced with their left flank on the Canal from Cambrai to Mons and their right flank covered by our French Allies.

* * * * *

The first stage of this series of battles opened on the 8th October with a vast drive by the Third and Fourth Armies in the direction of Le Cateau. The success of the operation was complete, but we are only concerned with the point that it involved the fall of Cambrai on the 9th October.

This continued advance of the British in the south exposed in increasing measure the flank of the enemy north of the Sensée, and great developments were therefore to be expected shortly in the XXII Corps area. Already the enemy was reported to be withdrawing from his positions in the corner between the Canal de la Sensée and the Canal de l'Escaut, which had been crossed by the Canadians as far north as Ramillies; and to relieve the 11th Division to pursue this movement the 168th Brigade extended its right with the Kensingtons as far as Fressies, which village was to be occupied immediately after the completion of the relief. This was on the 9th October.

The possibility of an early German retirement north of the Sensée also called for great vigilance, and the 1/4th Londons were ordered to probe the situation towards Brunemont and Aubigny-au-Bac, while units of the 167th Brigade were feeling towards Arleux.

The only way to cross the Canal, short of swimming or using a boat, was to use the ruined iron bridges at Aubencheul and Abbaye-du-Verger Farm, and accordingly small patrols, covered by parties on the south bank, began to cross the bridges at about 5 p.m. on the 9th October. Results were soon obtained. At Aubencheul the enemy was alert and the patrol was driven back. At the Farm crossing A Company obtained more success. A post of the enemy about 12 strong was discovered on the Brunemont Road north of the Canal, and these, after firing a few shots, fled, though one of them was captured by Sergt. R. C. Clammer, D.C.M., M.M., after which the patrol returned. The prisoner was from the 103rd I Regiment, and was a destitute wretch, wearing cap, jacket, trousers and boots--and nothing else. Unfortunately, Capt. Watts was killed by a stray bullet while returning to his company headquarters.

The same evening the 1/4th Londons were relieved by the 8th Middlesex (167th Brigade) and withdrew to Brigade support in shelters west of Epinoy. At the same time the Kensingtons and London Scottish effected the extension to the right of the Divisional line above referred to.

Early on the morning of the 11th October the Kensingtons launched a completely successful attack on Fressies and advanced the Brigade line to the Canal at a loss to themselves of only 10 casualties. In the meantime the advance of the VIII Corps north of the Sensée River had driven the enemy from Vitry-en-Artois and was now being directed towards Douai. To assist in this development the 56th Division artillery was ordered to keep under fire the crossings over the northern arm of the Sensée Canal, while the infantry made persistent endeavours to establish themselves beyond the Canal de la Sensée with a view to exerting pressure on the retiring enemy's left flank. On the 12th the 167th Brigade completed the clearance of Arleux which had been initiated by the Canadians, and occupied the Canal triangle south-east of the village. The following day the 169th Brigade occupied Aubigny-au-Bac after a sharp fight, but a vigorous counter-attack later threw them back to the Canal bank. In this fighting magnificent devotion was displayed by the Royal Engineers in bridging the Canal under heavy fire.

By the 16th October the 4th Canadian Division had taken over the Divisional line and the 56th Division withdrew into Army reserve.

The 1/4th Londons were relieved in the Brigade support area by the 1/2nd Londons on the 11th October and passed into Divisional reserve at Rumaucourt, where several days of very welcome rest were obtained.

Both Rumaucourt and Ecourt-St Quentin were still comparatively unharmed and partly furnished. Everywhere were signs of the German occupation. The chief anxiety of the enemy occupants seems to have been fear of British aeroplanes, for every cellar had its capacity plainly written on the door, while large warning bells or "Flieger Alarum" were fixed in all prominent places. In Ecourt-St Quentin were three German field hospitals which afforded unmistakable evidence that the enemy was hard up for bandages, for in place of these he seemed to have used old curtains and paper. An abundant quantity of old civilian clothing was also found here, and rumour has it that the doctor was seen one day sporting an excellent top hat. B Company lived in one of these hospitals and had an excellent time with a grand piano. These good Bosche institutions afforded an opportunity of bathing, of which advantage was taken by the whole Battalion.

During the foregoing spell of active work the Battalion transport had been located near Wancourt. "One day in October," writes Lieut.-Col. Marchment, "a deputation of Company Q.M.-Sergts. appeared at Orders with a request that they might take it in turns to come up with the rations, A and C one night, B and D the next. To this I gladly consented when, looking at the map, I found that they were walking and riding some twenty-six miles a night!"

On the afternoon of the 14th October the Battalion marched to Marquion--till the 27th September in German hands--to entrain for a rest at Arras. The train was due out at 3 p.m., but as things turned out there was no occasion for hurry, since owing to a smash at Boisleux the train did not reach Marquion till 11 p.m. A weary but happy Battalion entrained, confidently expecting to wake up in Arras, but the advent of morning brought no change of scene. The train had not moved an inch! However, in due course the line was cleared and the train gaily rattled over the battlefields of Quéant, Croisilles and Boyelles, and reached Arras by 11.30 a.m. on the 15th. The 1/4th Londons were quartered in comfortable billets in the Rue d'Amiens.

The rest in Arras, with which charming little city the Battalion had been so frequently associated, was probably the most enjoyable that fell to its lot in the whole War. To start with, everyone was in the highest spirits born of the knowledge of their own recent successes in action and of their confidence for the battles to come. Food was good and plentiful. The civilians were returning and shops were beginning to open once again.

Here the Battalion experienced the first visible effects of what the liberation of France meant to the French. Refugees from the liberated villages towards Cambrai were being sent back for safety to Arras, where they were housed in the Schramm Barracks till the French Mission was able to arrange to settle them in other parts of France. Streams of homeless women and children drifted through the streets, clinging to a few treasured objects of their personal belongings, and our men stood at the street corners deeply impressed by such heartrending scenes. Shamefacedly, as if fearful of disclosing the depth of their emotion to their comrades, the men would beg the refugees to be allowed to carry their parcels for them. Three men of one company took complete charge of a distressed family and piloted them to a house where they settled the poor folks, lit a fire for them, bought eggs with their own money, scrounged some bully beef, and then fled to avoid the thanks of their grateful charges.

The average Cockney is not in the habit of wearing his heart on his sleeve. Rather does he conceal his emotion beneath the cloak of "grousing," but scenes of desolation such as these--far more affecting than the sight of a ruined countryside--brought out all the wonderful chivalry which has endeared the simple British soldier to the hearts of the French. "It was only in censoring letters home," writes an officer, "that one realised how deeply touched our men were by the sufferings of the civilians." Of all these saddening sights probably the most dreadful was at the Hôpital St Jean, where little mites of French children were dying of gas poisoning, and old people lying demented by the horrors through which they had passed. To alleviate these sufferings everything possible was done, and our own R.A.M.C. orderlies worked side by side with the French Sisters of Mercy.

One afternoon the Commanding Officer gave permission for the drums to play to the refugees. The performance concluded with the Marseillaise, the glorious strains of which, not heard for four long years, so overcame the audience that in the intensity of their emotion old men, women and children fell upon the drummers and kissed them--much to the embarrassment of those good-natured fellows.

Some excellent training meanwhile was being obtained on the racecourse at Dainville, and several rifle competitions were introduced to add to the keenness of the men. The Battalion was largely reclothed and much done to improve its excellent parade discipline. On the 21st October a Guard of Honour was provided, consisting of 100 all ranks under Capt. H. N. Williams, M.C., for President Poincaré, who was visiting Arras--"the finest Guard the Division ever turned out," as Faulkner described it. The identity of this distinguished visitor remained for a long time shrouded in mystery, and curiosity reached fever-pitch. The Mess decided that the only way to deal with the problem was to have a sweepstake, in which the names of the Prince of Wales, M. Clemenceau, General Smuts, Marshal Foch and the Lord Nozoo (representing The Field) were included. Captain Williams' return was awaited with breathless anxiety, but, alas, in the dark he had failed to solve the mystery. The Mess paid out on M. Clemenceau--he being apparently the nearest to the distinguished visitor who actually arrived.

During this rest at Arras the Battalion was joined by Capts. H. W. Spiers and D. S. Boorman, M.C. (to command B and C Companies respectively), and by Lieuts. E. G. Dew and H. D. Rees, the latter being appointed Assistant-Adjutant. Regimental Sergt.-Major Jacques, who was returning to England in training for Quartermaster, was replaced by Sergt.-Major Wilson, who had been wounded at Ypres in 1917. The strength of the Battalion was now 38 officers and 721 other ranks.

* * * * *

The latter half of October had seen most rapid and important changes on the British battle front, to which we must refer briefly. The success of the attack towards Le Cateau in the early days of the month had been complete and had driven the enemy back to the line of the Selle River. This enabled G.H.Q. to initiate the second stage of this last phase of the War, which was to force the enemy from the Selle River back to the general line Sambre Canal--western edge of Forêt de Mormal--Valenciennes. The occupation of this line would enable the British Armies to launch their final attack on Maubeuge.

The Battle of the Selle was opened by the Fourth Army on the 17th October, the fight gradually involving the Third and First Armies in succession. By the 20th October the enemy had been driven across the Sambre as far north as Catillon, Le Cateau was occupied, and the Selle River left two miles behind our advanced positions. The main attack developed on the 23rd October, and by the end of the following day the enemy was driven on to the western edge of the Forêt de Mormal, the outskirts of Le Quesnoy had been reached, and the lateral railway connecting Le Quesnoy with Valenciennes had been crossed on a front of about four miles. This latter portion of the success was on the front of the XXII and Canadian Corps of the First Army. The Selle River Battle resulted in the capture of 20,000 prisoners and 475 guns, and in the defeat of 31 German divisions by 25 British and 2 American divisions.

On other parts of the front successes had been equally striking. Laon had fallen to the French on the 13th October. In Belgium, Menin, Thorout and Ostend had been occupied in rapid succession, and by the 20th October the Allied line rested on the Dutch frontier. This advance in the extreme north had the effect of turning the defences of Lille, which was encircled and occupied on the 18th October, after which a steady advance brought our troops to the line of the Scheldt north of Valenciennes to Avelghem.

The critical condition of the Germans is summed up by Sir Douglas Haig in his despatches:--

By this time the rapid succession of heavy blows dealt by the British forces had had a cumulative effect, both moral and material upon the German Armies.... His reserves of men were exhausted.... The capitulation of Turkey and Bulgaria and the imminent collapse of Austria--consequent upon Allied successes which the desperate position of her own armies in the western front had rendered her powerless to prevent--had made Germany's military situation impossible. If her armies were now to be allowed to withdraw undisturbed to shorter lines the struggle might still be protracted over the winter. The British Armies, however, were now in a position to prevent this by a direct attack upon a vital centre which should anticipate the enemy withdrawal and force an immediate conclusion.

A necessary preliminary to the final attack was the capture of Valenciennes itself, and this was accomplished on the 1st November. The XXII Corps, advancing on a front of six miles to the south of the city, crossed the Rhonelle River, and occupied the high ground overlooking the valley of the Aunelle River, while the Canadians entered Valenciennes and pushed on to the east of it.

* * * * *

On the 31st October the 56th Division rejoined the XXII Corps in the battle area, and the battalions of the 168th Brigade embussed from Arras to Douchy (two miles south of Denain). For a couple of days the 1/4th Londons remained here in very fair billets, receiving a most hearty welcome from the inhabitants, who had been for four years under the heel of the enemy.

At 8 a.m. on the 2nd November the Battalion marched about five miles forward to the staging area at Maing, which it reached at about 11.30 a.m., and that evening advanced again at short notice and relieved the 4th K.O.Y.L.I. (49th Division) in advanced positions facing Saultain, the relief being completed by 2 a.m. on the 3rd November. The advance was led by D Company, which came under heavy shell fire when passing through Famars, and lost 4 men killed and 14 wounded.

The 168th Brigade section which was the left of the Divisional front, the 169th being on the right, was held with the Kensingtons and 1/4th Londons in the line. D Company occupied small sections of trenches in the front line some 500 yards west of the Château de Saultain, while A, B and C Companies were held back in a sunken road south-east of Aulnoy.

Lieut.-Col. Marchment was now in command of the 168th Brigade, General Loch having gone to hospital, and the Battalion was temporarily under Major R. B. Marshall, with Captain T. B. Cooper, M.C., M.M., acting as second in command. Battalion Headquarters opened in Aulnoy.

About the time of the relief it became apparent that the enemy had retired again opposite the Canadians on our left and was about to do so on our own front. At 10.35 a.m. a wire was received in the Battalion stating that the Canadians had entered Estreux, and ordering the Battalion to push strongly supported patrols through Saultain as far as the Ferme du Moulin. D Company moved forward at 11.15 a.m., supported by A Company, and entered Saultain which was found to be unoccupied except for four men of the 109th Infantry Regiment who were taken prisoners. By two o'clock the Ferme du Moulin was occupied with very little opposition and Battalion Headquarters advanced to the Château de Saultain. On the right the Kensingtons had also pressed forward towards the cemetery of Curgies, and touch was obtained with them and with the 4th Canadian Division on the left. This advance--over 2000 yards--was consolidated by the 1/4th Londons, while two squadrons of Australian Light Horse and a company of New Zealand cyclists endeavoured to push forward during the evening to secure the crossings of the River Aunelle. Their attempt, however, was checked about 1000 yards in front of the infantry by enemy machine-gun fire, and in this position the progress for the day was concluded, the Kensingtons occupying with the cavalry and cyclists the advanced line, which extended in a north-westerly direction from the cross-roads at Le Talandier. That night the 1/4th Londons' position was held with D and A Companies in front and B and C Companies in support.

The immediate resumption of the advance being ordered by XXII Corps, arrangements were made by 56th Division with the adjoining divisions to pursue the attack at 6 a.m. the following morning, 4th November, each division operating independently. Orders for this advance did not reach the 1/4th Londons, who were detailed for the attack on the 168th Brigade front, till 1 a.m., and there was thus no more than enough time to assemble the companies close in rear of the line held by the Kensingtons. For reconnaissance there was no time at all. The attack was delivered on a two-company front by B Company on the right and A Company on the left, each moving in square formation of platoons with a screen of scouts and cavalry patrols in front. C and D Companies followed in diamond formation at a distance of about 200 yards. The objective was given as the high ground across the River Aunelle about 500 yards east of Sebourquiaux.

The morning dawned mistily, but in this case the mist was not altogether a disadvantage. The whole of this countryside was a swelling waste of stubble fields with practically no landmarks, but fortunately a line of telegraph poles going due east which was visible through the mist enabled the leading companies to keep their direction well--a great stroke of luck, as the advance lay up hill and down dale over this barren land for some 2000 yards before the crest of the Aunelle Valley was reached, and the objective was for a long time out of sight. The mist thus served to conceal the advance from the enemy till the leading companies breasted the hill overlooking Sebourquiaux itself, and started descending the slope to the village.

The Aunelle River is hereabouts spanned by three bridges, one at Sebourg, one at Sebourquiaux, and one at Le Pissot, north of the latter village. These had already been secured by the cavalry patrols who had, however, been unable to make progress across the river. As the leading companies began to drop down the hill towards the village the mist partly cleared, and the German machine-gunners opened a heavy fire. The leading companies at once dashed down the hill into the cover of the scattered houses and streets which form the outskirts of Sebourquiaux on the west bank of the river; but here they seemed to have fallen into a trap for the enemy at once dropped a barrage of considerable intensity, shells of all calibres falling thick and fast. Forward progress was impossible, and B Company on the right therefore promptly worked round the right flank, crossing the river at Sebourg, and then, turning northward toward Sebourquiaux, cleared the village of the enemy machine-gunners. In the meantime A Company had been heavily machine-gunned from the direction of Rombies, which continued to resist the Canadian attack, and touch with the Canadians was lost.

B Company having cleared the way through the village, A Company was able to cross the river, and together the two companies attempted to force their way up the slope to the east of Sebourquiaux. The machine-gun fire was too intense, and the companies had to fall back to a line on the eastern outskirts of the village, where, joined by C Company (in support), they began to consolidate their position. Touch was obtained with the Queen's Westminsters of the 169th Brigade who had cleared Sebourg on the right, but no connection could be obtained with the Canadians who were still held up before Rombies on the left, and A Company therefore threw a defensive flank astride the Aunelle River facing northwards. The Battalion was now organised on the line which had been gained, all companies having platoons on the forward positions and finding their own supports. All day the village of Sebourquiaux remained under heavy German shell fire, but at about 5.30 p.m. the intensity of the enemy's fire increased and the work of destruction was completed, hardly a house being left standing. A variegated display of Véry lights which accompanied this barrage led to the expectation that the enemy was organising a counter-attack, but no infantry movement on the part of the Germans materialised.

The stiffness of the enemy resistance this day made it abundantly clear that further progress could be made only by means of an organised attack in co-operation with the divisions on either flank, and arrangements for a further advance were promptly made.

That night the 1/4th Londons were relieved by the London Scottish and withdrew in Brigade reserve to the high ground east of Estreux, Headquarters remaining at the Ferme du Moulin. This relief was completed at 3 a.m. on the 5th November, and at 5.30 a.m. the attack was pursued by the London Scottish, with the Kensingtons in support and the 1/4th Londons in reserve. By 6 a.m. the crest east of Sebourquiaux had been gained and the enemy was retiring in the direction of Angre.

On the 169th Brigade front the enemy resistance was not severe, and by 7.30 a.m. the London Rifle Brigade had captured Angreau. The Canadians had also occupied Rombies, but on the ridge between this village and Angre the Germans continued to hold out in great force and to bring very heavy machine-gun fire to bear on the left flank of the 168th Brigade.

At 8 a.m. the 1/4th Londons were ordered forward, and by 11 a.m. the companies, A, B, C and D in line from right to left, were in position in the old German trenches east of Sebourquiaux, with Battalion Headquarters in a farmhouse in the village. In this position the Battalion was practically on the frontier of France and Belgium.

The advance was resumed by the London Scottish under a barrage at 4.15 p.m., and the line was advanced to within about 500 yards of Angre. The enemy machine-gun fire again precluded the possibility of further advance, and eventually a line was consolidated facing north-east in touch with the 169th Brigade on the right and the Canadians on the left.

On the 6th November the attack was pursued by the London Scottish on the right and the Kensingtons on the left, the 1/4th Londons again being in support. Fierce fighting took place, particularly on the left flank where the Kensingtons crossed the Grande Honnelle River, were thrown back, and crossed it again. At the end of the day the leading battalions were in possession of Angre, on the east bank of the Grand Honnelle. The 1/4th Londons moved forward slightly from their positions of the previous day but did not come into action.

The whole of these days were extremely wet, and not a man in the Battalion had a scrap of dry clothing. Trenches were embryonic, and shelters almost entirely lacking--of dugouts there were, of course, none.

Shortly after midnight "Drake" Battalion of the 63rd (Royal Naval) Division relieved the Battalion--the remainder of the Brigade also being relieved--and it withdrew to tolerable billets in Sebourg. The march to Sebourg was only about two miles, but every road was choked with double and even treble lines of transport of all descriptions waiting to follow up the advance. It had been waiting motionless since the previous afternoon and did not get on the move again till 4 a.m. the next morning. In these circumstances the march to Sebourg occupied about four hours--a most unpleasant journey in which desultory shelling by the enemy alternated with heated arguments with despairing transport officers. Dawn, however, found the Battalion enjoying a good breakfast, and drying its clothes, all its troubles forgotten, and every one filled with justifiable satisfaction at the good work that had been done.

This, the last fight of the 1/4th Londons, produced nine prisoners and cost in casualties: 2/Lieut. A. M. Bullock, killed; 2/Lieut. G. H. Sylvester, died of wounds; 2/Lieut. H. W. Taylor, wounded; and in N.C.O.'s and men, 11 killed, 55 wounded and 1 missing.

From now onwards the 56th Division was fighting on a one-brigade front, with the 167th leading, and the 1/4th Londons were engaged in following up the advance by stages so as to be within supporting distance of the leading troops. Nowhere was the enemy's opposition more than trifling, and the advance proceeded rapidly, though under conditions of some discomfort and difficulty. The line of the Division's advance lay almost due east, roughly parallel to the marshes about the Canal de Condé which connects the Canal de l'Escaut with Mons, and the whole countryside is cut up by innumerable small streams discharging northwards into the marsh area. The banks of these streams are everywhere steep, and bridges had been systematically destroyed by the retiring enemy who had also blown craters at almost every road junction. It was an ideal country for a determined enemy to fight a rearguard action, but the Germans' powers of resistance were broken, and beyond the delays caused to the progress of our troops by the wholesale destruction, opposition was negligible. The extreme rapidity of the advance indeed made it almost impossible for the supply services to keep pace, and the damage to the roads prevented lorries from proceeding beyond the Grande Honnelle River till the necessary repairs could be completed. The weather, moreover, had broken, and for three days rain fell incessantly. But these discomforts were slight in comparison with the enormous wave of enthusiasm which passed over all the troops who had the good fortune to take part in this extraordinary victory.

On the 7th November the line of the Bavai-Hensies Road was crossed, and the following day the leading troops had reached the line Petit Moronfait-Rinchon-Ferlibray. The 9th November saw the Mons-Maubeuge Road crossed, and on the 10th the 1st Londons, who were leading, captured Harveng, and after slight opposition pushed forward to Harmignies.

The 1/4th Londons following up the advance moved on the 8th to Autreppe and the following day to Blaugies. The band was now with the Battalion and played on the march. This gave rise to most remarkable patriotic demonstrations on the part of the liberated villagers who everywhere greeted the Battalion with cries of "Vive l'Angleterre!" and showered flowers on the troops, while crowds of children marched beside the band cheering. The plight of these poor people was deplorable. The Germans in their retirement had taken with them practically all food supplies and utensils of every description. Scarcely the bare necessities of life remained. All live stock had also been driven before them by the retreating hordes of the enemy, but when the Battalion reached Blaugies the presence of live stock in the village showed the ever-increasing confusion and speed of the enemy's retirement. At this time the Division was feeding some 16,000 civilians, on an allowance of one iron ration to four people.

On the morning of the 10th November the 1/4th Londons continued their almost triumphal progress to La Dessoue, but there being no accommodation here, found billets in Sars-la-Bruyère, where an overwhelming welcome was accorded them. In this village Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien (II Corps) had had his Headquarters on the 23rd August 1914.

The Brigade Ammunition Column at this time was in charge of Lieut. E. P. M. Mosely, whose diary illustrates the extraordinary spirit of humour which carried the men through this period of hard work and exposure. The Column reached Famars thoroughly tired out one wet night at about midnight, and halted in rear of the advancing troops. The civilians had been evacuated and the men rapidly made themselves comfortable in some of the cottages. One of the transport drivers, according to the immemorial custom of transport drivers, quickly began to forage round, and attired himself in a top hat, white scarf and frock coat, in which remarkable garb he put his head round the door and said: "I've come for the rent!" This, after a hard night's work, shows a spirit which takes a lot of damping.

It was in this advance also that the Column arrived in a battered village late at night, thoroughly worn out and drenched to the skin. The place was muddy, shell torn and desolate, and its exact whereabouts on the map far from certain. The men began to picket their horses and spread tarpaulins over their heaped-up stores, and afterwards disconsolately to search for odd bits of timber in the endeavour to construct some sort of shelter. The O.C. Column produced from a waggon an antique arm-chair, which had somehow attached itself to the Column at an earlier stage of the advance, and in this very much improvised headquarters took up his station in the mud, when suddenly--the post arrived! The Army Postal Service had throughout been so efficient as to become almost a matter of course--but in this effort it surely surpassed itself!

On the night of the 10th November the 56th Division was relieved by the 63rd Division by whom the advance was to be pursued; but early the following morning the news of the Armistice was received and the troops stood fast. The record of this grand culmination of the years of bloodshed is contained in the Battalion Official War Diary as follows:

Sars-la-Bruyère. 08.30. Bde. Memo. B.M. 971 received 11.11.1918. hostilities would cease at 1100. The news had an unexpected effect on the troops: everybody appeared to be too dazed to make any demonstration. Men were much less cheerful than they had been for some days.

11.00. Hostilities ceased. Transport Personnel and Nucleus rejoined Battn.

The vast Forêt de Mormal had been passed, Mons and Maubeuge had fallen, and the German Army was divided into two parts, one on each side of the natural barrier of the Ardennes.

In his Despatches Sir Douglas Haig sums up the situation on the morning of the 11th November 1918 thus:

In the fighting since November 1st, our troops had broken the enemy's resistance beyond hope of recovery, and had forced on him a disorderly retreat along the whole front of the British Armies. Thereafter the enemy was capable neither of accepting nor refusing battle.... The strategic plan of the Allies had been realised with a completeness rarely seen in war. When the Armistice was signed by the enemy his defensive powers had already been definitely destroyed. A continuance of hostilities could only have meant disaster to the German Armies and the armed invasion of Germany.

A remarkable incident related by Lieut. Mosely occurred at Sars-la-Bruyère the day following the Armistice.

The Mess Corporal proceeded to Mons to see if any green vegetables could be procured. Returning from his mission through the streets of Mons he saw a soldier untidily dressed and without puttees, but wearing on his jacket the red circles which were the distinguishing mark of the 1/4th Londons. Said the Corporal, "What are you doing here?" "Looking for my Battalion," replied the man. The Corporal demanded to know why the man had wandered so far from billets and what he meant by being so untidily turned out. To his surprise the soldier informed him that he had come from Germany. A few more words and the Corporal realised that this was one of our own men who had walked out of a German prison when the Armistice was declared. Whipping up the wanderer into the Mess cart, he brought him home, washed him and gave him a big meal. The poor fellow was almost hysterical at being amongst his own once more. He was a man of B Company who had been captured on the 28th March 1918, at Oppy. "We gave him a strong dose of rum," writes Mosely, "and wrapped him in warm blankets. By the next morning he had quite recovered, and was asking for his pay!"

Thus ended the four years' war service of the 1/4th Londons, who at the end of the campaign were within two miles of Malplaquet, where Marlborough's great victory had been won two hundred years earlier. It had the proud distinction of having finished its active service within five miles of Mons, where the first British shot had been fired in August 1914. Of the 1016 officers and men who had left England on the 4th September 1914, only about 30 other ranks remained with the Battalion which had done such glorious service on so many hard-fought fields.

As a tribute to the many unrewarded acts of heroism of which there have been so many examples during the War, a letter, relating to the circumstances attending the death of No. 280872 Pte. S. Greenfield of D Company on the 23rd August 1918, is preserved among the Battalion records. This letter was sent by the Medical Officer, 178th Brigade, R.F.A., who found Greenfield's body, to his relatives, from whom it was received by the Commanding Officer. The following is an extract from this letter, which is dated 24th August 1918:

... On searching the battlefield (Boyelles) I discovered the body of your son Private S. Greenfield, No. 280872. He had died fighting, killed outright by a machine-gun. I found him lying on a German machine-gun which I have no doubt he intended to capture. As no more dead were there and no other signs of a fight about the machine-gun nest, I expect he rushed the machine-gunners himself. I may remark the machine-gunners are dead also.

One of the survivors of the original Battalion was Flossie, a small, brown Pomeranian dog. Flossie had served on the railway line in August 1914, had accompanied the Battalion to Malta and been successfully smuggled into France in January 1915. Throughout the War she had journeyed everywhere with the Battalion, and finally came home with the Cadre in 1919. Her principal claim to distinction appears to be that she succeeded in bringing a litter of puppies into a noisy and muddy world in most of the leading towns and villages of Flanders. Throughout she maintained a calm demeanour, and when her maternal cares necessitated transport she rode with her young family in a basket perched on one of the cookers.

On the 15th November a party of the Battalion, under Capt. H. N. Williams, M.C., took part in the triumphal march through Mons, where the troops were received with a tumultuous welcome.

There is little further to be said. The XXII Corps was excluded from the Army of the Rhine and the Battalion remained in the Mons area, training and indulging in educational experiments, while parties visited the battlefields of Mons and Waterloo. Until the ravages of demobilisation reduced the numbers too severely, the evenings were enlightened by some of the Quartermaster's excellent orchestral concerts, and by boxing tournaments in which the Battalion did exceedingly well, Private Miller of the 1/4th Londons becoming XXII Corps Feather-weight Champion.

On the 27th November the Battalion moved to billets in Villers-sire-Nicole, near Maubeuge, and on the 6th March 1919 to Givry and on the 18th March to Cuesmes (both near Mons), in all of which places the routine of training and education was continued. Early in the New Year the arrangements for demobilisation were put into active operation, and rapidly the strength of the Battalion dwindled.

Among the first to leave was the padre, Rev. S. F. Leighton Green, M.C., who had served continuously with the Battalion since December 1916. The padre left on the 13th February 1919, and his departure was felt most keenly by every officer and man in the Battalion. His constant selfless devotion to duty and his kindly personality had made him a true friend to one and all, and the example of his simple life and magnificent courage in action had been a real inspiration to all--and that included the whole Battalion--who had been brought into personal contact with him.

The break-up of the Battalion was the saddest thing which ever happened to it. After so many months and years of good and bad times, and of life in circumstances of such intimacy as can be attained only on active service, the joy of departure for home was severely tempered by the deepest emotion at leaving the comradeship of regimental life, and few said good-bye to the Battalion without genuine sorrow.

By the beginning of May the Battalion was reduced to Cadre strength, about 50 all ranks, Lieut.-Col. Marchment, D.S.O., M.C., remaining in command, with Major T. B. Cooper, M.C., M.M., second in command.

On the 14th May 1919 the Cadre left Cuesmes, entraining at Jemappes for Antwerp. After a few days in the embarkation camp it was played down to the quay by the pipes of the Liverpool Scottish and embarked for Tilbury, where it entrained for Newhaven. On the 21st May the Cadre returned to London by train and was received at London Bridge Station by the Lord Mayor (the Rt. Hon. Sir Horace Marshall, now Lord Marshall of Chipstead, P.C., K.C.V.O., Hon. Colonel of the Regiment), who also took the salute as the Cadre passed the Mansion House _en route_ for Headquarters in Hoxton.

The Cadre was received at Headquarters by Lieut.-Col. H. Dade, V.D., Major G. H. M. Vine, T.D., and other officers of the Regiment, and by the Mayor of Shoreditch (Councillor W. Girling), after which its dispersal speedily followed.

Three weeks later the last remnants of the 1/4th Londons were scattered to their homes, and the part played by the Regiment in the Great War was at an end.

APPENDIX I

MALTA

The Dependency of Malta consists of a chain of islands, Gozo, Comino and Malta, stretching from north-west to south-east, about 60 miles from Sicily and about 180 from Africa. Malta itself is about 17½ miles long and 8¼ broad, and, owing to its magnificent natural harbours, it has been the coveted possession of the strongest nations on the sea for the time being, ever since the dawn of maritime trade. These anchorages are nearly all on the east coast of the island, and include--besides the famous harbours of Valetta (the Grand Harbour on the south of the city and the Marsamuscetto Harbour on the north)--the bays of Melleha, St Paul's and Marsa Scirocco.

The population of Malta in 1907 was 206,690, and this phenomenal congestion renders it largely dependent on imported foodstuffs. The area under cultivation is comparatively small, and the fields are composed of terraces by which the soil with enormous labour has been walled up along the contours of the hills to prevent it from being washed away. Viewed from the sea, therefore, the top of one wall appearing above the next produces the barren effect to which reference has been made in Chapter II; but the aspect of the land from the top of the hills in winter and early spring is a beautiful contrast of a profusion of greenness. The principal grain crops are maize, wheat and barley. Vines are also cultivated though the fruit is sold as grapes far more profitably than converted into wine. The chief industry is the production of Maltese lace, which employs some 5000 women and children. The principal resources of the island are derived from the fact of its being an important military station and the Headquarters of the Mediterranean fleet, the prolonged absence of which always produces distress.

The Maltese language is Phœnician in origin, the popular idea that it is composed largely of Arabic being erroneous. Until recent years the language of the courts was Italian, in spite of the fact that this language is unknown to 86 per cent, of the population.

Malta has had a most chequered history from the earliest times when the Mediterranean was the centre of all civilisation and commerce. The Phœnicians occupied the islands at a very early date, being followed in the 6th century B.C. by the Carthaginians, and later by the Romans, who regarded the Maltese not as conquered enemies but as allies. On the final division of the Roman Dominions in A.D. 395, Malta was assigned to the Empire of Constantinople, and during the next 500 years suffered three Arab invasions, though these left little mark upon the people either by language or by inter-marriage. In 1090 the Counts of Normandy captured the island and finally expelled the Arabs, retaining possession until 1265, when it passed into the hands of the Aragonese, Kings of Sicily.

It was in 1530 that the most interesting period of Maltese history commenced, for in that year the islands were granted by the Emperor Charles V to the Knights of St John, who had been expelled from Rhodes by the Turks; and some thirty years later the Knights of the Order and the Christian Maltese combined under de Valette, the Grand Master, whose name survives in the town of Valetta, in resisting the last effort of the Mohammedan power to gain the ascendancy in the Mediterranean. The Siege of Malta, which was most gallantly resisted by the Knights, proved successful, and they remained, although _de jure_ owing allegiance to Sicily, _de facto_ masters of Malta, until they were finally expelled in 1798 by the French under Napoleon, who used the island as a base for his disastrous expedition to Egypt in that year.

The staunch allegiance of the Maltese to the Church of Rome soon brought them into conflict with the French, whose plundering of the churches provoked a revolution in which the Maltese invoked the aid of Nelson. The Treaty of Amiens, 1802, provided for the return of the island to the Knights of Malta, but the Maltese, realising that this would entail a revival of French influence, protested vigorously, with the result that in 1814 the Treaty of Paris finally secured Malta to the British Empire. Since this date the story of Malta has on the whole been one of advancement in every direction.

The chief towns of the island are Valetta, the seat of government, and Citta Vecchia (otherwise known as Notabile or Medina), the ancient capital and stronghold; other places of importance being Musta, Birchircara and Attard--all of which will be well remembered by all ranks of the Regiment.

The head of the Government and Commander-in-Chief and Governor-General was in 1914 General Sir Leslie Rundle, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O., D.S.O.

The garrison consisted of three battalions of British Infantry, two companies of Fortress Engineers, together with detachments of Royal Garrison Artillery, Royal Army Medical Corps, Royal Army Service Corps, and in addition two battalions of Malta Militia (Infantry), and the Malta Artillery.

APPENDIX II

HONOURS AND DECORATIONS

NOTE.--This Honours List has been compiled from official sources, and is believed to be accurate, but, owing to the manner in which honours were announced in the _London Gazette_, its completeness cannot be guaranteed.

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ORDER

Capt. W. G. Clark _London Gazette_ 3. 7.15 2/Lieut. W. II. Webster " 12. 3.17 2/Lieut. (A/Capt.) G. E. A. Leake " 26. 7.17 2/Lieut. F. W. Walker. " 19.11.17 Lieut. (A/Capt.) A. M. Duthie " 4. 2.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) C. J. Graham, M.C. " 11. 1.19

MOST EXCELLENT ORDER OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE (MILITARY DIVISION)

_Companion_--

Lieut.-Col. (Hon. Col.) Vickers _London Gazette_ 3. 6.19 Dunfee, V.D.

_Officers_--

Major L. T. Burnett " " Hon. Lieut. and Q.M. W. J. Gragg. " " Major S. Elliott " " Major W. Moore " " Major (A/Lieut.-Col.) H. P. L. Cart " 1. 1.20 de Lafontaine

MILITARY CROSS

2/Lieut. A. R. Moore. _London Gazette_ 23. 6.15 2/Lieut. J. R. Pyper. " 14. 1.16 2/Lieut. (Temp. Lieut.) G. L. Goodes " 3. 6.16 2/Lieut. S. J. Barkworth, M.M. " 14.11.16 2/Lieut. E. McD. McCormick " " Rev. R. Palmer (C.F.) " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) W. J. Boutall " 1. 1.17 2/Lieut. O. D. Garratt. " 4. 6.17 2/Lieut. D. S. Boorman " 25. 8.17 2/Lieut. (A/Capt.) S. Davis. " 27.10.17 Lieut. (Temp. Capt.) C. J. Graham " 1. 1.18 2/Lieut. E. L. Mills " 4. 2.18 2/Lieut. (A/Capt.) C. A. Clarke " 23. 4.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) T. B. Cooper, M.M. " 22. 6.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) A. M. Duthie, " " D.S.O. Lieut. (A/Capt.) S. G. Askham " 26. 7.18 Lieut. H. S. Daw " " 2/Lieut. W. Rosen " " 2/Lieut. G. C. Ewing " 16. 9.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) A. G. Croll " 7.11.18 Rev. S. F. Leighton Green (C. F.). " 11. 1.19 2/Lieut. C. L. Henstridge " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) G. H. Hetley " " 2/Lieut. A. Holloway. " " 2/Lieut. V. C. Prince. " " 2/Lieut. A. H. Millstead " 2. 4.19

BAR TO MILITARY CROSS

2/Lieut. (Temp. Capt.) G. L. _London Gazette_ 14.11.16 Goodes, M.C. Lieut. (A/Capt.) C. J. Graham, M.C. " 26. 7.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) J. R. Pyper, M.C. " 8. 3.19 Lieut. (A/Capt.) T. B. Cooper, M.C., " 2. 4.19 M.M.

DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT MEDAL

2170 L/Cpl. G. L. Colomb _London Gazette_ 5. 8.15 217 L/Sergt. A. C. Ehren " " 1153 Cpl. W. J. Knowles " 14. 1.16 487 C.S.M. E. H. Risley " " 1054 C.S.M. R. Davis " 22. 9.16 4354 Pte. J. O'Brien " 14.11.16 3351 Pte. H. S. Payne " " 2163 Sergt. T. Clark " 1. 1.17 281267 Sergt. E. P. G. Brand " 25. 8.17 281477 Pte. F. Anthony " 19.11.17 282450 L/Cpl. F. Austin " " 282051 Pte. W. H. Bolton " " 295070 Pte. H. C. Bull " " 282496 Pte. J. Taylor " " 282444 Sergt. B. A. Watson " " 281972 L/Cpl. E. S. Brown. " 4. 3.18 280032 Sergt. G. Norris " " 282706 Pte. C. H. W. Roberts " " 280937 L/Cpl. T. H. Sankey " " 7261 R.S.M. J. O'Brien " 17. 4.18 283138 Cpl. B. Vaughan " 3. 6.18 281613 Cpl. C. E. Freeman " 26. 6.18 280019 C.S.M. T. Lock, M.M. " 3. 9.18 281718 Cpl. A. Martin " " 280079 Sergt. H. W. Moss " " 282171 L/Cpl. (A/Sergt.) H. F. Watson " 30.10.18 280605 Sergt. R. C. Clammer " 1. 1.19

MILITARY MEDAL

2144 Cpl. C. T. Coates _London Gazette_ 1. 9.16 3261 Pte. H. E. Hyde " " 3130 L/Cpl. H. Whitehead " " 1174 Cpl. J. Castle " 11.11.16 1899 Pte. C. F. Collins " " 2161 Pte. A. E. Colvin " " 2202 C.Q.M.-Sgt. R. Forbes " " 1854 Sergt. H. C. Gearle " " 4786 Sergt. R. Hebberd " " 2827 Pte. F. Hedger " " 2272 Sergt. C. James " " 1893 Pte. W. Lawrence " " 280019 Sergt. T. Lock " " 534 Sergt. H. H. Merrell " " 3586 L/Cpl. A. J. Moger " " 2216 L/Cpl. A. Sergeant " " 3579 L/Cpl. L. R. Webb " " 3662 Pte. W. Buckingham " 9.12.16 3113 Sergt. R. R. L. Hyde " 21.12.16 2105 Sergt. H. J. Cott " 19. 2.17 280102 Sergt. A. E. Gardiner " 17. 4.17 280308 Sergt. W. A. King " 11. 5.17 281020 Pte. C. H. Thomas " " 281204 Cpl. G. L. Rossington " 1. 6.17 283725 Pte. J. G. Turner " 18. 6.17 283371 Pte. J. Grierson " 18. 7.17 281242 Cpl. A. W. Lintott " " 282189 Sergt. H. S. Monk " " 282490 Pte. P. J. Olinski " " 282493 Pte. A. J. Selby " " 282152 Pte. C. W. Spence. " " 282344 L/Cpl. F. C. Spencer " " 283708 Pte. A. Thurkettle. " " 283836 L/Cpl. G. Coates " 21. 8.17 280930 Pte. W. Pratt " 18.10.17 283691 Pte. A. Robinson " " 283530 Pte. C. S. Ruel " " 280894 L/Cpl. H. G. Smith " " 281270 Pte. A. G. Trayler " " 283660 Cpl. W. H. V. Wilkins " " 282537 Pte. J. P. Brooke " 12.12.17 283818 Cpl. W. A. Cooper " " 283025 Pte. J. W. Ling " 12.12.17 295261 Pte. A. Westcott " " 295248 Sergt. H. O. Wilderspin " " 295152 Sergt. F. W. Yandle " " 281390 L/Cpl. E. J. Bewsey " 17.12.17 282246 Pte. J. T. Ball " 4. 2.18 283082 Pte. A. Cohen " 23. 2.18 280301 Cpl. J. W. Johnson " " 283148 Pte. F. G. Senyard " " 280728 Pte. G. Tyrell " " 280714 Cpl. H. W. Wallder " " 280465 Sergt. F. Arklay " 13. 3.18 283813 Pte. B. M. J. Barnett " " 298008 Cpl. T. J. Court " " 282021 Pte. H. Evans " " 280154 Sergt. G. J. Grant " " 280472 Sergt. A. E. Haynes " " 281734 L/Cpl. T. Hodgkins " " 282737 Pte. W. J. Hutchin " " 295177 Pte. J. Pritchard " " 283652 Pte. R. Southern " " 295223 Pte. J. Wickens " " 283808 Pte. W. A. Willmott " " 280389 Pte. W. A. G. Battershall " 12. 6.18 282916 Cpl. A. G. Beale " " 280840 Pte. S. G. Coates " " 283154 L/Cpl. A. J. Deadman " " 281965 Sergt. C. J. Gibbs " " 280967 Cpl. G. Heyes " " 283623 L/Cpl. C. L. Husk " " 283643 Cpl. A. J. Parker " " 295122 Pte. J. R. Phillips " " 281174 Sergt. H. V. Randall " " 283193 Pte. P. C. Swinchatt " " 280292 Sergt. F. G. Udall " " 295096 Pte. R. H. Bryan " 27. 6.18 281472 Sergt. J. A. Kingston " " 281130 L/Cpl. R. H. Pryor " " 282607 Pte. F. A. Stewart " " 281319 Pte. A. J. Zeeck " " 283184 L/Cpl. F. F. Salter " 16. 7.18 283323 Pte. T. J. Sanders " " 283570 Pte. J. W. Abbott " 6. 8.18 280922 Cpl. D. E. Davis " " 282263 L/Cpl. G. Humphrey " 29. 8.18 295508 Pte. J. Nisbett " " 280695 Sergt. T. Peters " " 295475 Pte. M. Lemon " 11.12.18 298089 Pte. A. S. Adams " 24. 1.19 282029 Pte. A. C. Barnes " " 282323 Pte J. Eccles " 24. 1.19 280534 Cpl. W. Frost " " 283617 Pte. J. R. Greenwood " " 281822 L/Cpl. W. H. Hart " " 282198 Cpl. S. T. E. Norton " " 283803 Pte. W. W. Boulstridge " 11. 2.19 283288 Sergt. F. A. Dove " " 281741 Cpl. F. Nash " " 282915 Sergt. F. C. Nickless " " 295615 Sergt. J. T. Norris " " 281043 Sergt. W. C. Bird " 14. 5.19 280605 Sergt. R. C. Clammer, D.C.M. " " 280212 L/Cpl. P. McGregor " " 280617 Sergt. (A/C.S.M.) W. Honig " 23. 7.19

BAR TO MILITARY MEDAL

283530 Pte. C. S. Ruel, M.M.. _London Gazette_ 13. 3.18 282737 L/Cpl. W. J. Hutchin, M.M. " 12. 6.18 280292 Sergt. F. G. Udall, M.M. " 24. 1.19 280489} 2272}C.S.M. C. James, M.M. " 20. 8.19

MERITORIOUS SERVICE MEDAL

280846 Pte. J. W. Atkins _London Gazette_ 17. 9.17 280665 Pte. H. Bunker " 2.11.17 280505 Sergt. W. Bean " 17. 6.18 282237 Sergt. G. F. V. Bunyan " " 280914 L/Sergt. S. A. Edwards " " 280471 Cpl. L. C. Hawkins " " 280435 Sergt. H. Hurst " " 280555 R.Q.M.-Sergt. L. T. Davies " 18. 1.19 280128 C.S.M. A. D. McLaren " " 281464 C.Q.M.-Sergt. P. C. Peters " " 280646 L/Cpl. H. T. Giles " 3. 6.19 280420 Sergt. G. A. Richardson " "

MENTION IN DESPATCHES

2/Lieut. A. R. Moore. _London Gazette_ 22. 6.15 Major (Temp. Lieut.-Col.) L. T. " 1. 1.16 Burnett Capt. (A/Major) W. G. Clark, D.S.O. " " 2/Lieut. (A/Capt.) J. R. Pyper " 14. 1.16 Lieut.-Col. (Hon. Col.) Vickers " 13. 7.16 Dunfee, V.D. 280154} 1151}Sergt. G. J. Grant " 4. 1.17 4798 R.S.M. M. Harris " " 2/Lieut. H. Jones " " 280128 C.Q.M.-Sergt. A. D. McLaren " " 280171 Pte. H. V. Neal " 4. 1.17 280505 Sergt. W. Bean " 25. 5.17 280307 R.Q.M.-Sergt. W. Henley " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) L. G. Rix " " 2/Lieut. W. H. Webster " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) C. A. Clarke " 24.12.17 Lieut. (A/Capt.) T. B. Cooper, M.M. " " Hon. Lieut. and Q.M. W. J. Cragg " " Capt. (A/Major) W. A. Nunneley " " 2/Lieut. R. E. Stavert " " 280639 Sergt. A. Taylor " " 2/Lieut. F. W. Walker, D.S.O. " " Major V. H. Seyd " 16. 1.18 Lieut. (A/Capt.) S. J. Barkworth, " 25. 5.18 M.C., M.M. Lieut. C. W. Denning, M.M. " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) A. M. Duthie, D.S.O. " " 281174 Sergt. H. V. Randall " " 283264 Pte. G. E. Wright " 20.12.18 Lieut. L. R. Chapman " 30.12.18 Lieut. H. W. Dennis " " Lieut. (A/Capt.) C. J. Graham, M.C. " " Major (A/Lieut.-Col.) H. P. L. Cart " 10. 7.19 de Lafontaine

The names of the following were brought to the notice of the Secretary of State for War for services rendered in connection with the War (not gazetted):--

Lieut.-Col. (Hon. Col.) Vickers Dunfee, V.D. 24.12.17 280126 Cpl. W. Noquet 9. 8.18 Major L. T. Burnett 13. 8.18 281197 Cpl. E. Brown {13. 8.18 {15. 3.19 Lieut. (A/Capt.) F. A. Coffin 13. 8.18

FOREIGN DECORATIONS

_Médaille Militaire_ (_France_)-- 280336 Sergt. D. Fulford _London Gazette_ 24. 2.16

_Croix de Guerre_ (_Belgium_)-- 280802 C.S.M. F. W. Amos " 12. 7.18 281426 Sergt. A. V. Loveless " " 282692 Sergt. J. R. Tibbott " " 280713 Pte. C. W. Budgen " " 295089 Cpl. W. Govan " "

The following decorations were awarded to Officers, non-Commissioned Officers, and Men of other regiments for services rendered while attached to and serving with the 4th London Regiment:--

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ORDER

Major (Temp. Lieut.-Col.) W. R. H. _London Gazette_ 18. 7.17 Dann (Bedfordshire Regiment) Major F. A. Phillips (Montgomery " 22. 6.18 Yeomanry) Major A. Grover, M.C. (Bedfordshire " 26. 7.18 Regiment) Major (A/Lieut.-Col.) A. F. Marchment, " 26. 7.18 M.C. (1st London Regiment)

BAR TO DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ORDER

Major (A/Lieut.-Col.) W. R. H. _London Gazette_ 26. 7.18 Dann, D.S.O., (Bedfordshire Regiment)

MILITARY CROSS

2/Lieut. H. E. Jackman (21st _London Gazette_ 26. 9.17 London Regiment) Lieut. E. H. R. Altounyan (R.A.M.C.) " 1. 1.18 2/Lieut. C. W. Rowlands (1st London " 4. 2.18 Regiment) Capt. (A/Major) A. Grover (Bedfordshire " 18. 3.18 Regiment) Lieut. G. V. Lawrie (6th Scottish " 3. 6.18 Rifles) Lieut. (A/Capt.) H. N. Williams (4th " 22. 6.18 Royal Welsh Fusiliers) Lieut. (A/Captain) W. C. Morton " 16. 9.18 (1st London Regiment) G/95036 C.S.M. T. Cooke, D.C.M., " 7.11.18 M.M. (K.O.Y.L.I.) Lieut. C. E. Dunaway (Medical " --.--.18 Officer, U.S. Army) Lieut. (A/Capt.) E. V. Grimsdell " 11. 1.19 (K.O.Y.L.I.) Lieut. (A/Capt.) H. F. Dade (3rd " 2. 4.19 London Regiment)

DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT MEDAL

G/95066 C.S.M. A. Bonser _London Gazette_ 22.10.17 G/95036 C.S.M. T. Cooke, M.M. " " 781426 L/Cpl. F. Goatcher " 3. 9.18 G/76294 Pte. E. Clark " 5.12.18

BAR TO DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT MEDAL

G/95066 C.S.M. A. Bonser, D.C.M. _London Gazette_ 5.12.18

SECOND BAR TO DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT MEDAL

G/95066 C.S.M. A. Bonser, D.C.M. _London Gazette_ 18. 2.19

MILITARY MEDAL

G/68176 Pte. J. F. Blair _London Gazette_ 27. 6.18 202684 Pte. A. E. Churchyard " " 225485 Sergt. C. A. Cowland " " 251439 Pte. W. A. Pasterful " " G/76227 L/Cpl. F. Harding " 6. 8.18 G/68259 Pte. L. Petrie " 29. 8.18 G/76275 Pte. G. A. Allen " 24. 1.19 G/80610 Pte. G. H. Andrews " " 252254 L/Cpl. J. T. Couchman " " G/95108 Sergt. J. Fanshaw " " 225682 Pte. J. T. Freshwater " " 228610 Pte J. C. Goree " " G/75396 L/Cpl. G. J. Grant " " G/95115 Pte. E. Stott " " G/84057 Sergt. R. L. Addison " 11. 2.19 G/95177 L/Cpl. W. Bradley " " 251265 Pte. A. E. Dickerson " " G/76243 Pte. H. H. Mills " " 250439 Cpl. C. Robbins " " G/80608 Pte. W. Ryan " " G/71053 Pte. J. Anderson " 13. 3.19 233640 Cpl. G. F. Coleman " " 204593 Pte. A. E. Pullen " " G/90091 Pte. J. Upperton " " 253803 Pte. T. H. A. Brown " 14. 5.19 G/68177 Pte. W. Bunce " " G/95143 Pte. H. Atkinson " "

MENTION IN DESPATCHES

Capt. and Adjt. G. B. Scott _London Gazette_ 1. 1.16 (Leinster Regiment) Lieut. G. V. Lawric (6th Scottish Rifles) " 18.12.17 Major (A/Lieut.-Col.) A. F. Marchment, " 30.12.18 D.S.O., M.C. (1st London Regiment) 204527 Sergt. S. W. Childs " "

APPENDIX III

THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE 4th LONDON REGIMENT IN 1920

After the return to England of the Cadres early in 1919, the Territorial Force remained in abeyance for the remainder of the year, and beyond the formation of an Old Comrades' Association, under the Presidency of Lieut.-Col. Harry Dade, V.D., nothing could be done in the 4th Londons to maintain _esprit de corps_ at the high standard which it had reached during the War.

When orders were issued early in 1920 for the reconstruction of the auxiliary forces under the title of the Territorial Army, the effect of eight months' inactivity became painfully apparent, and the 4th London Regiment, which was revived in February 1920, experienced, in common with most other units, great difficulty in recruiting, owing to the rapidly cooling enthusiasm of the greater number of its former members. By great good fortune a large number of old officers returned to the Colours, and command was given to Lieut.-Col. L. T. Burnett, O.B.E., T.D., while Major H. J. Duncan-Teape, T.D., was appointed Second in Command, and Captain W. A. Trasenster, M.C., The Royal Fusiliers, Adjutant. The Company Commanders and Headquarters Officers were:--

Major R. N. Arthur D Company. Major W. Moore, O.B.E. A Company. Major H. P. L. Cart de Lafontaine, O.B.E. C Company. Major S. Elliott, O.B.E. B Company. Captain F. C. Grimwade Assistant Adjutant. Lieut. H. B. A. Balls Lewis Gun Officer. 2/Lieut. E. P. Higgs Signalling Officer. Lieut. C. F. Warren Transport Officer. Lieut. E. S. Tomsett Quartermaster.

A capable Permanent Staff was supplied from the Royal Fusiliers, Regtl. Sergt.-Major W. Hunt becoming the senior Warrant Officer, while ex-Regtl. Sergt.-Major M. Harris enlisted, and was appointed Regtl. Q.M.-Sergt.

The following old Warrant Officers and N.C.O.'s enlisted, and were posted as stated:--

Coy. Sergt.-Major W. H. Edwards } Coy. Q.M.-Sergt. J. C. Hibberd } to A Company.

Regtl. Q.M.-Sergt. W. Henley } Coy. Sergt.-Major G. L. Matthews } to B Company. Coy. Q.M.-Sergt. B. A. Watson, D.C.M. }

Coy. Sergt.-Major A. Mennie } Coy. Q.M.-Sergt. E. J. T. Nash } to C Company.

Coy. Sergt.-Major J. Lewis } Coy. Q.M.-Sergt. F. McLaren } to D Company.

With this excellent stiffening the Battalion soon began to make progress, and rapidly took--and held--the lead in numbers in the 1st London Brigade.

The first Annual Training was held at Shoreham-by-Sea, the time being devoted principally to musketry and recreational training. For the first time in the Battalion's history, the winter following was marked by the continuance without a break of the drill season; and throughout the winter of 1920-21 attendances at the weekly drills at Headquarters reached an unusually high percentage of the strength. The Battalion appeared to be well on its feet, and making steady progress towards efficiency, when, in April 1921, the Coal Strike completely dashed all hopes of a successful summer training season. The Territorial Army was temporarily in abeyance, and for three months its headquarters were handed over to the Defence Force, to which was entrusted the maintenance of peaceful conditions throughout the country.

A Defence Force Unit was raised at the 4th Londons' Headquarters, and joined by some of the members of the Battalion, command of it being taken by Major R. N. Arthur, with the acting rank of Lieut.-Col. The disbandment of the Defence Force was fortunately effected in time to enable the Annual Training to be held at Shorncliffe in August, but the serious delay already caused to the individual training of the men rendered it less valuable than had been hoped; and a far too great proportion of the training hours had to be spent on the range, in the Musketry Practices, which should have been completed early in the year.

During the spring of 1921 the Battalion suffered a severe loss in the death, after a prolonged and painful illness, of the Quartermaster, Lieut. E. S. Tomsett, to whose invaluable services reference has been made in the preceding pages. After Lieut. Tomsett's death, Regtl. Q.M.-Sergt. M. Harris was gazetted Lieut. and Quartermaster.

The beginnings of the 4th London Regiment in the revived Territorial Army have been small, but every step has been made secure by careful organisation, and by applying the experience of Territorial soldiering in peace and war; and there is every reason to suppose that the laurels gained by the Regiment in the Campaigns in which it has taken part will remain untarnished, and that its glorious traditions will be jealously guarded as long as the Regiment remains in existence.

INDEX

_Appendices II and III are not indexed._

Abbécourt, 379, 381

Abbeville, 20, 175, 238

Acason, 2/Lieut., 249

Achi Baba, 91 _et seq._

Achicourt, 255-237, 271, 272

Achiet-le-Grand, 249, 289

Adinfer, 241-245

Agache River, 479, 485

Agnez lez Duisans, 411

Agny, 253, 256

Ailette River, 382, 383

Alexandria, 89 _et seq._

Allen, G. A., 477

Allen, L. A., 127

Allenby, Gen. Sir Edmund, 133, 149, 150, 156

Altounyan, E. H. R., 314, 315, 323

Amblèny, 383

Ambrines, 134

Amigny-Rouy, 365, 375, 380

Ancre River, 140, 177, 180, 239, 240, 252, 325, 420, 430, 431

Anderson, J., 242

Andignicourt, 383

Andrews, G. H., 477

Angel, A. J., 292, 315

Angle Wood Valley, 195 _et seq._

Angre, 499, 500

Angreau, 499

Anthony, F., 314, 315

Appilly, 365

Archer, L. W., 174, 193, 270, 304

Arklay, F., 340, 344

Arleux, 397, 398, 486, 490, 491

Arleux-en-Gohelle, 347

Armfield, A. R., 421

Arques, 305, 325

Arthur, R. N., 6, 17, 100, 104, 135, 149

Askham, S. G., 238, 276, 317, 369, 372, 375, 378, 381, 382, 385, 388, 389, 391

Athey, F. G., 352, 399

Attenborrow, H. W., 414

Atterbury, L. J. R., 201, 214

Aubencheul-au-Bac, 487, 488, 490

Aubers Ridge, 26, 58 _et seq._, 219, 220

Aubigny-au-Bac, 479 _et seq._

Aulnoy, 496

Aunelle River, 496-499

Austin, F., 314, 315

Autreppe, 502

Autreville, 365

Ayub Khan, 65

Backhouse, J. L., 327, 413, 469

Badham, C., 53

Baharia Oasis, 108-110

Bahr Yusef, 110

Bailleul, 347, 349, 354, 393, 397, 403, 404, 407

Bailleulmont, 239, 244

Bailleulval, 242

Baizieux, 423, 424

Ballance, L. E., 223, 228, 335, 414

Balls, H. B. A., 66, 148, 175, 215

Baluchis, 129th, 23, 34, 39, 46, 52, 54, 65

Bancourt, 290

Bapaume, 177, 194, 211, 239, 240, 290 _et seq._, 428 _et seq._, 482

Barisis, 359, 364, 375, 380

Barkas, G. de G., 423, 436, 440

Barker, Sergt., 342

Barkworth, S. J., 174, 194, 200, 216, 335, 337, 341, 349, 411, 417

Barnes, A. C., 477

Barnes, F., 270, 327, 330

Barnett, B. M. J., 344

Barter, Major-Gen. C. St L., 73

Bartleet, H. B., 443, 458, 459

Barton, Pte., 350

Bassett, L. J., 238

Basseux, 242

Bath, A., 201, 327, 328, 392, 480

Battershall, W. A. G., 408

Bayencourt, 143 _et seq._, 264

Bayliffe, Lt.-Col., 382

Bazentin-le-Grand, 177, 178

Bazentin-le-Petit, 177, 178

Beal, H. G., 81

Beaucamp, 290, 291, 292

Beaudricourt, 251, 253

Beaufort, 137, 141

Beaulencourt, 305, 325, 344

Beaumetz-les-Loges, 249, 253, 344

Beaumont-Hamel, 140, 239, 240

Beaurains, 253, 254, 258

Beautor, 369, 370

Bedfords, 7th, 298, 300, 301

Beeby, H. D., 223, 269, 336

Behencourt, 423, 425

Bell, T. J., 236, 238, 242, 282, 283, 287

Bellacourt, 241

Bellebrune, 321

Bench, Sergt., 75

Bendelow, Pte., 335

Beni Mazar, 107, 110-112

Beni Salama, 108

Beni Suef, 108

Bennet, E. J., 117

Berles-au-Bois, 244, 462

Bernafay Wood, 182, 209

Bernagousse Quarries, 366

Berneville, 270, 271, 415, 417, 461

Besme, 381, 382

Béthune, 24, 81, 85

Beugny, 331, 344

Bhopals, 9th, 23, 39, 46, 49, 52, 54, 59, 69

Bidgood, F., 423, 456, 459

Bienvillers-au-Bois, 243

Bihucourt, 279

Billon Farm, 192, 193

Billon Wood, 447

Birdwood, Lieut.-Gen. Sir Wm., 101, 280

Bishop, G. F., 113

Bixschoote, 40

Blackdown, 357, 425-427

Blackhurst, S., 414

Black Watch, 344, 456

Blair, W., 322, 374, 382

Blairville, 241, 462, 466, 467

Blaugies, 502

Blendecques, 21, 22, 47

Blérancourt, 383

Blight, Pte., 136

Blows, C. S. G., 103, 121, 149, 153, 193

Blunn, A. G., 137, 164

Board, C. H., 353, 394, 395

Bocking, J. W., 385, 391

Boesinghe, 42, 295

Boiry-Becquerelle, 245, 247, 462 _et seq._, 478

Boiry-St Martin, 247, 249

Boiry-St Rictrude, 246

Bois de Quesnoy, 482

Bois des Bœufs, 412

Bois des Puits, 487

Bois du Biez, 26 _et seq._, 59, 67, 225

Boisleux-au-Mont, 246

Boisleux-St Marc, 467, 478

Bold, A. L. D., 421, 440

Bolton, W. H., 311, 314, 315

Bonser, A., 450, 451

Boorman, D. S., 238, 242, 283, 284, 289, 315, 318, 320, 494

Borders, 5th, 272

Botterill, G. P., 3, 6, 27, 35, 36, 48

Botterill, W. R., 16, 149, 153

Bottomley, E. W., 7, 22, 238, 244, 275, 281, 285, 287

Bouchavesnes, 453, 454

Bouleaux Wood, 195 _et seq._

Boulstridge, W. W., 477

Boutall, W. J., 66, 151, 153, 180, 194, 207, 216, 403, 417

Bout Deville, 223, 234

Bouzincourt, 420

Boves, 385, 391

Bowater, Sir Vansittart, 14

Bowater, V. S., 16, 223, 257, 272

Boyelles, 246, 247, 462 _et seq._, 478, 492, 505

Bradford, F. R. C., 90, 100, 149, 165

Bradley, 2/Lieut., 223, 231, 480

Bradley, H. M., 421

Brandram, C., 449, 455

Bray-sur-Somme, 180, 431 _et seq._

Bretencourt, 244

Brielen, 307, 321, 323

Brissenden, C. C., 423, 424, 432, 435, 436, 438, 439

Brodie, C. J., 174, 187, 193

Bronfay Farm, 446, 447, 449, 453

Brown, E. S., 344

Brown, N. A., 323

Brown, W. F., 369, 384

Brunemont, 487, 490

Buckingham, W., 162, 163, 216

Buckland, E. D., 327

Bucquoy, 143, 144, 160, 241, 294, 460

Buire-sur-Ancre, 423

Buissy, 479

Bull, H. C., 314, 315

Bullecourt, 273 _et seq._, 331, 447, 467 _et seq._

Bullock, A. M., 414, 485, 486, 488, 501

Bundle, H. N., 292, 315

Bunker, H., 329

Burd, F. B., 292, 315

Burford, F. R. R., 174, 189

Burnell-Nugent, Brig.-Gen. F. H., 132

Burnett, L. T., 6, 28, 35, 48-50, 53, 56, 66, 71, 72, 81, 84, 137, 356

Burton, P. H., 238, 276

Bury St Edmunds, 117

Bushell, R. D., 480

Butler, Lieut.-Gen. Sir R. H. K., 364, 367, 383, 384

Byng, Gen. Lord, 260, 359, 460

Cachy, 387-391, 419-424

Cairns, J., 322, 384

Cairo, 107, 108, 112

Calnan, W. H., 174, 199

Calonne-sur-Lys, 27, 30

Cambridgeshire Regt., 1st, 425

Campbell, H., 257, 261, 298, 299, 303, 304

Campion, Pte., 448

Campkin, R. E., 353, 396, 398, 407

Caparn, R. K., 127, 238, 242, 249

Carlisle, F. A., 292, 309

Carnoy, 192, 448

Carpenter, A. B., 453

Cart de Lafontaine, H. P. L., 6, 20, 34, 36, 65, 66

Cartmell, A., 482

Casey, Capt., 16, 17, 22

Castle, J., 216

Caudwell, T., 251, 267

Cavalry Farm, 266-270

Celestin Wood, 438, 439

Chamberlain, R. W., 223, 252, 322, 384

Chapman, J. W., 174, 197

Chapman, L. R., 16, 81, 159, 165

Chart, Lieut.-Col., 382

Chauny, 369, 374, 378-380

Chennels, C.S.M., 20, 55

Chérisy, 264

Cheshires, 5th, 134 _et seq._, 343

Chignell, A. W., 417, 466

Chipilly, 430-441

Cholmondely, H. C., 116

Citerne, 85, 132, 136, 217, 218

Clammer, R. C., 490

Clark, E., 476

Clark, T., 216

Clark, W. G., 6, 20, 47, 51, 53, 57, 66, 72, 81, 84, 137, 138

Clarke, C. A., 249, 291, 318, 320, 369, 372, 375, 384

Cléry-sur-Somme, 453

Clifford, C. C. H., 292, 317, 384

Clifford, W. H., 214

Coates, A. D., 24, 49, 53, 55

Coates, L. C., 16, 88, 94

Coates, S. G., 408, 468

Coates, L/Corpl., 289

Coffin, F. A., 24, 54, 55, 120, 130

Cohen, A., 465

Coigneux, 264

Cojeul River, 247, 253 _et seq._, 462, 467, 479

Coke, Brig.-Gen., E. S. D'Ewes, 133

Coleman, T., 223

Coley, J., 480

Collins, C. F., 216

Colomb, G. L., 57

Colvin, A. E., 216

Combles, 177 _et seq._

Condé, Canal de, 501

Condren, 369 _et seq._

Connaught Rangers, 23, 34, 36-39, 46-49, 52, 54, 60, 68, 69

Contay, 421

Cook, A. S., 292, 316

Cooke, D. C., 61, 120, 292, 323

Cooke, T., 447, 448

Cookson, P. S., 116

Coombe, Capt., 130

Coombes, H. V., 270, 400, 407

Cooper, Brig.-Gen. E. J., 117

Cooper, T. B., 174, 189, 190, 205, 349, 398, 403, 407, 408, 411, 478, 486, 496, 507

Corbie, 180, 431

Corkoran, Brig.-Gen. Charles, 448

Cornelius-Wheeler, Capt., 4

Cornell, Pte., 350

Cornwall, C.S.M., 20

Cotton, E. N., 238, 275, 281-283, 287, 289

Cotton, R. D., 423, 424

Couchman, J. T., 477

Coulemby, 321

Courcelette, 194 _et seq._

Courcelles, 289, 290

Court, T. J., 344

Cowland, C.S.M., 450

Cragg, C. W., 81, 238

Crane, S. H. E., 360

Crawford, D. F., 367, 369, 384

Creighton, A. B., 327, 335

Creil, 19

Cremarest, 321

Croisilles, 246, 247, 253, 467-471, 492

Croix Barbée, 37, 38, 72, 229, 232

Croll, A. G., 127, 238, 242, 289, 291, 424, 425, 432, 434-436, 438-440

Crosbie, McC., 442, 446, 447, 451, 452

Crozat Canal, 369-377, 477

Cuesmes, 506, 507

Cuffe, Pte., 350

Cumner, C. W., 366, 391

Curgies, 497

Curlu, 140, 451

Curtis, 2/Lieut., 382

Cuthbert, Brig.-Gen. G., 73, 85

Cuthbertson, E. M., 323, 384

Dade, H., 122

Dade, H. F., 352, 400, 401, 488

Dainville, 414-418, 493

Dakhla Oasis, 108

Dallas, Major-Gen. A. G., 107, 108, 111

Dann, W. R. H., 237, 238, 243, 279, 280, 288, 315, 370, 371, 373, 374, 378, 379, 381, 382, 421

Darrington, C. P., 88, 99

Davey, W. H., 174, 193

Davies, S. N., 16, 104

Davies, W. A., 443, 456

Davis, A. G., 223, 304

Davis, G. H., 137, 159, 165, 185, 193

Davis, R., 165, 216

Davis, S., 100, 104, 121, 149, 289, 311, 313-315

Daw, H. S., 238

Deacon, Major, 48

Deadman, A. J., 408

Demicourt, 326

Demuin, 387

Denain, 496

Denier, 272, 292

Denning, C. W., 174, 272, 407

Dennis, H. W., 16, 90, 113, 119

de Pury, C. R. P., 81, 138

Dernancourt, 437

Derviche-Jones, Lieut.-Col., 379

Dessart Wood, 291, 292

Dettingen Barracks, 357

Devonshire Regt., 112, 119, 128

Dew, E. G., 127, 223, 304, 494

Dickebusch, 297, 299

Dickerson, A. E., 477

Dickens, Major, 189

Dickins, L. A., 16, 103

Dickins, R. C., 16, 101, 113, 315, 318, 320

Dodds, A. W., 315, 320

Dogras, 41st, 31-33

Doignies, 333, 334

Domart, 137, 425

Dommiers, 383

Donaldson, V. C., 75, 134, 165

Douai, 252, 347, 414, 479, 491

Douchy, 496

Doullens, 137, 150, 234, 248

Dove, F. A., 477

Dow, H., 128

Drocourt, 265, 395, 475, 477, 479

Drouvin, 81

Dudgeon, Major-Gen. F. A., 296, 297, 342, 348, 353, 414

Dudley, Sergt.-Major, 24

Duke of Wellington's Regt., 234

Dunaway, C. E., 323, 391, 424

Duncan-Teape, H. J. T., 3, 6, 20, 47, 51, 121, 123, 128, 142, 145, 153, 211, 214, 215, 217, 427

Dunfee, Vickers, 14, 16, 17, 100, 110, 112, 113, 115, 129, 130, 427

Dunfee, Mrs, 103

Durlacher, H. W., 360, 384

Duthie, A. M., 238, 242, 249, 327, 338-341, 344, 407, 408

Eastoe, W. H., 327

East Surrey Regt., 366

Eccles, J., 477

Ecourt-St Quentin, 481, 482, 491

Ecurie, 348, 351

Edwards, V. W., 6, 17, 89

Edwards, W. H., 20

Egerton, Brig.-Gen. R. G., 23, 32

Ehren, A. C., 53, 57

Elders, J. F., 251, 330

Eldred, Mr, 123

Elliott, J., 81

Elliott, L. B. J., 304

Elliott, S., 6, 11, 84, 146, 147

Elsom, C.S.M., 20

Elverdinghe, 323

English, C. F., 174, 193

English, H. E., 238, 317

Entrenching Battalions, 378 _et seq._

Epéhy, 290, 451, 457, 459, 483

Eperlecques, 296, 304

Epinoy, 487, 490

Ervillers, 249

Escaut, Canal de l', 290, 332, 379, 490, 495, 501

Estaires, 26, 71, 218, 413

Estreux, 497, 499

Etaing, 479, 480, 482

Etaples, 19-21

Eterpigny, 479

Evans, H., 344

Evans, W. B., 360

Ewing, G. C., 323, 389, 390, 454, 458

Fabien, R. L., 128

Fairman, Pte., 350

Falfemont Farm, 178, 201

Famars, 496, 502

Fanhangel, F. C., 66, 164

Fanshawe, Major-Gen. H. D., 237, 290

Farafra Oasis, 108

Farfan, L., 128

Fargniers, 366-373

Faulkner, Lieut., 350, 417, 494

Fauquissart, 218, 219, 221

Fayoum, 108

Ferdinando, S. P., 238, 249, 480

Fergusson, Corpl., 190

Festubert, 26, 60, 61, 73, 347

Feuchy, 253, 266, 480, 481

Fisher, G. W., 392

Flers, 178, 194 _et seq._, 203, 209

Fletcher, T. R., 201, 213, 214, 480, 485, 486, 488

Foch, Marshal, 41, 410, 429, 483

Foden, F. J., 174, 193

Folly Farm, 120, 122

Fonquevillers, 170-174

Fontaine-lez-Croisilles, 253, 264, 274, 280, 467, 468

Forbes, R., 216

Ford, A. S., 66, 165, 270, 304

Fortel, 238

Fosse, 64, 229, 233

Fovant, 122, 128, 355

Francis, C. B., 366, 384

Franks, A., 327, 335

Frégicourt, 178, 206, 211

Frémicourt, 326 _et seq._

French, F.M. Earl, 24, 25, 41, 58, 59, 79, 128, 347

Frevent, 137, 141, 238

Freyberg, Brig.-Gen. B. C., 249, 290, 293, 314

Fricourt, 140, 166, 177, 445

Frières Wood, 377, 378

Frohen-le-Grand, 248

Frost, W., 477

Froy, W. A., 223

Fry, Major-Gen. W., 2, 6, 15

Fulford, D., 48, 57, 350

Fullalove, J. S., 119, 130

Gallipoli, 87 _et seq._, 120

Gant, H. H., 449, 455

Gardiner, A. E., 230, 231

Gardner, E. G., 315

Garner, E. H., 475

Garratt, O. D., 174, 183, 188, 189, 194, 216, 218, 224, 265, 329, 392

Gaskin, C., 66, 71

Gathergood, J. S. B., 61, 117

Gaudiempré, 241

Gauld, K. W., 423, 424

Gavrelle, 347, 349

Gearle, H. C., 216

Geering, S. C., 323, 391

Gentelles, 385, 386

George, J. W., 420, 421, 440

Gery, R. V., 7, 66

Ghain Tuffieha, 9, 11, 17, 87, 89

Gibbs, C. C., 315, 454, 458

Gibbs, C. J., 408

Gifford, W. R., 201, 211, 213

Giles, E., 7, 53, 55, 66, 146, 152, 153

Giles, M. F., 443

Gilson, G., 443, 455

Ginchy, 178 _et seq._

Girling, W., 507

Girling, W. N. M., 421, 440

Givenchy, 23, 477

Givenchy-le-Noble, 134

Givry, 506

Glencorse Wood, 295 _et seq._

Gloucesters, 4th, 182

Glover, R. E., 443, 455

Godewaersvelde, 43

Godman, S. H., 123, 128, 355

Gommecourt, 129, 139 _et seq._, 240, 264

Gonnelieu, 331

Gooch, Sergt., 342

Goodale, C. C. W., 443, 448

Goodes, G. L., 66, 80

Gough, Gen. Sir H., 24, 249, 273, 279, 295, 359, 360, 366, 385

Gouy-en-Artois, 264

Gouzeaucourt, 290, 292, 359

Graddon, J. C., 173, 174, 193

Graham, C. J., 236, 238, 250

Grand Rullecourt, 418, 461

Grande Honnelle River, 500, 501

Grant, G. J., 344, 477

Gray, S. A., 270, 328

Green, P. W., 480

Green, Rev. S. F. Leighton, 223, 263, 341, 403, 506

Greenfield, S., 505

Greenwood, J. R., 477

Grenas, 142, 150, 248

Grenay, 82

Gressaire Wood, 430 _et seq._

Grey, R., 449, 452

Grierson, J., 279

Griffiths, F. J., 322, 382, 419, 454, 455

Grimsdell, E. V., 385, 388, 419, 447, 451, 452

Grimsdell, R. E., 174, 204, 205, 207

Grimston, Sergt., 350

Grimwade, F. C., 6, 11, 20, 47, 51, 53, 55, 120, 127, 130, 218, 252

Grosville, 241

Grover, A., 243, 310, 311, 315, 317, 379-384, 421, 431, 433, 440

Guémappe, 264, 265, 267

Gueudecourt, 178, 209

Guignemicourt, 422, 442

Guillemont, 177 _et seq._, 452

Gurkha Rifles, 22, 24, 49

Guyencourt, 459

Haig, F.M. Earl, 24, 74, 139, 141, 263, 448, 482-484, 489, 495, 504

Haillicourt, 84, 85

Haine, A. A. N., 61, 116, 118

Haisnes, 77

Hallencourt, 85, 136, 217

Hall, W. C. B., 443

Hallett, H. W., 238, 249

Halloy, 142 _et seq._

Hamel, 140, 428

Hamelincourt, 246, 462

Ham-en-Artois, 22, 27

Hamilton, Gen. Sir Ian, 16, 91, 92, 96

Hamilton, W. H., 14, 49, 116, 117, 119, 129

Hampshire Regiment, 129

Hanebeek, 302, 306, 310, 313

Hangard, 385, 387, 388, 390

Hanks, A. E., 350

Hannay, H. T., 270, 304, 350, 407

Hardecourt, 451

Hardy, L/Corpl., 236

Harmignies, 502

Harper, A. L., 223, 231

Harper, Lieut., 162, 163

Harris, M., 24, 50, 207, 215, 330

Hart, W. H., 477

Harveng, 502

Haut Avesnes, 411

Havard, Capt., 262, 270

Havrincourt, 290, 332, 483

Haycraft, L. C., 127, 201, 213, 214

Hayes, E. C., 251

Hayes, G., 408

Hayes, Sergt., 329, 353

Haynecourt, 484

Haynes, A. E., 344

Hayward, W. G., 16, 17, 88, 119, 120

Hazebrouck, 409

Hearnshaw, H., 449

Heaver, C. H. T., 174, 193

Hebberd, R., 216

Hébuterne, 140 _et seq._, 180, 217, 264, 272

Hedger, F., 100, 216

Heilly, 442

Helfaut, 21

Helles, Cape, 90 _et seq._

Helot, River, 379, 380

Hem Wood, 454, 456

Hendecourt, 274, 276, 466 _et seq._

Heninel, 253, 260-262, 274, 281

Henin-sur-Cojeul, 246, 247, 259, 467, 468

Henstridge, C. L., 414, 476, 478, 488

Hénu, 142, 148

Hermies, 26, 331

Herring, R. L., 7, 20, 194

Hetley, G. H., 127, 249, 289, 310, 318, 321, 385, 388, 419, 433, 447, 448, 450-452, 458

Hettler, B. H. C., 385, 388, 389, 391

Hewlett, H. A. T., 238, 281, 289, 311, 313, 315, 417, 463, 466

Heyes, Sergt., 480, 486

Hicklenton, H. G., 88, 149, 159, 165

Higgs, E. R, 280, 322, 435

Hirondelle River, 275, 479, 481, 486

Hodgkins, T., 344

Hohenzollern Redoubt, 76, 77, 80

Holloway, A., 414, 475, 476

Hook, W. G., 352, 475

Home, Gen. Lord, 156, 218, 346

Horsfield, J., 421, 440

Houlder, Capt., 184

Houlle, 296, 305

Housden, Pte., 95

Housden, Sergt., 329

Houthulst, 316, 322

Houvin-Houvigneuil, 461

Howden, E. R., 322

Howell, Brig.-Gen., 355

Hudson, O. C., 401, 485

Hull, Major-Gen. Sir C. P. A., 42, 132, 145, 149, 150, 175, 197, 252, 271, 296, 414, 461, 463

Hulluch, 67, 76, 77, 81, 213

Humbercamp, 239, 242, 462

Humphrey, G., 513

Humphrey, W. P., 414, 417

Hunt, F. F., 36, 66

Hunt, G. G., 238, 249

Hunt, R. C., 127

Hurd, A., 22, 48, 165

Hurdcott, 122-124, 128, 129, 355, 356

Hurst, Brig.-Gen., 238

Hurst, H., 403

Husk, C. L., 408

Hutchin, W. J., 344, 408

Hutchins, F. H., 223, 268

Hyde, H. E., 162, 216

Hyde, R. R. L., 216

Illies, 26

Imbros, 93, 99, 104, 105

Ingham, Sergt.-Dr., 350

Inniskilling Fusiliers, 184

Inverness Copse, 295 _et seq._

Ipswich, 117-119, 236

Irvine, H., 443, 448

Ivergny, 251

Izel-les-Hameau, 292, 306

Jackman, H. E., 270, 301, 304

Jackson, R. J., 4, 6, 11

Jackson, Lieut.-Col., 335

Jacques, R.S.M., 330, 494

James, C., 213, 216

Jehu, S. H., 322, 323

Jemappes, 507

Johnson, F. B., 322

Johnson, J. W., 335, 344

Johnson, Sergt., 468

Johnstone, R., 66

Jones, F. J., 315, 320

Jones, H., 66, 75, 223, 272

Jones, L. W. N., 223, 263

Keary, Major-Gen. H. D'U., 22, 72

Keen, R. N., 16, 104, 106, 201, 211, 214

Keerselare, 307

Kelly, R. C., 11

Kereves, Dere, 94, 101

King, H. J., 443, 452

King's Liverpools, 4th, 22, 71

K.O.S.B., 47, 101

K.O.Y.L.I., 241, 350, 386, 443, 496

K.R.R.C., 302

Kingwell, A., 122

Kitchener, Earl, 6, 13, 120

Klein Zillebeeke, 294

Knight, A. C., 194, 272, 307, 315

Krithia, 92, 94

La Bassée, 23 _et seq._, 67, 68, 71, 76, 99

La Bassée Canal, 58, 66, 67, 75

La Brique, 44-46, 50, 56

La Cauchie, 239

La Dessoue, 502

La Fère, 359 _et seq._, 425, 477

La Gorgue, 69, 224, 228

La Houssoye, 422, 431

La Quinque Rue, 60

Labourse, 78

Lacon, Sir Hugh, 426

Lacouture, 30, 32

Lagnicourt, 273, 326-329, 346

Laies, Rivière des, 29, 220

Lambley, J. E. W., 16, 113

Lancashire Fus., 323

Lancers, 15th, 22

Langemarck, 40, 46, 52, 297, 306 _et seq._

Langton, H. G., 317, 320

Lattre St Quentin, 418

Laviéville, 423

Laventie, 218-221, 413

Lawrence, H. P., 449, 452, 455

Lawrence, W., 216

Lawrie, G. V., 174, 216, 353, 416, 417, 478

Le Bas de Viry, 374

Le Cauroy, 137, 234, 272

Le Philosophe, 78

L'Epinette, 64

Le Pissot, 498

Le Plessiel, 176-180, 419

Le Quesnoy, 495

Le Sars, 194

Le Sart, 223

Le Souich, 234, 239, 251

Le Talandier, 497

Le Transloy, 239, 325

Le Transloy Ridges, 208 _et seq._

Leach, H. G. A., 421, 440

Leake, G. E. A., 238, 275, 276, 279

Lear, Pte., 162

Lebucquière, 333

Lécluse, 477, 479

Legge, R. F., 4

Lekkerbotebeek, 317, 318, 322

Lelyveld, H., 443, 448

Lens, 76, 82, 260, 489

Leonard, D. J., 24, 53, 54, 66, 71

Lesbœufs, 178 _et seq._, 325

Les Brebis, 81

Les Huit Maisons, 37, 233

Lester, G. E., 249, 320, 322, 355, 369, 372-374, 384

Lestrem, 30

Leuze Wood, 181 _et seq._

Lewis, C. E., 174, 193

Lewis, G. G., 352, 392, 396, 469

Liéramont, 456, 458, 459

Ligny-le-Grand, 58

Lille, 58, 495

Lillers, 72-77

Limpenny, S. W. J., 116

Lincolns, 5th, 170

Ling, J. W., 315

Ling, Pipe-Major, 236

Lintott, A. W., 342

Lizerne, 41

Loch, Brig.-Gen. G. G., 149, 394, 397, 496

Lock, A. H., 122

Lock, T., 216, 408

Logeast Wood, 289, 290

Long, A. L., 7, 146, 153, 182

Long, H. C., 238, 279

Longpré, 218

Longueau, 385

Longueval, 178

Loos, 67, 73, 75, 81-83

Lorden, H. M., 24, 66, 223, 257, 269, 346, 403, 407

Louverval, 334

Lovell, E. G., 16

Lucan, Brig.-Gen. Earl of, 4, 13, 89

Luce, River, 385

Lucy, A. B., 7

Ludendorff, Gen., 362, 363, 407, 441

Lynch, P., 122

Lyons, S. E., 66

McCormick, E. M'D., 174, 189, 191, 207, 216

McDonald, J., 128, 292, 316

McDowell, R., 238, 286, 287

McGlashan, Capt., 130

McKittrick, E. S., 443, 452

Maghaga, 111

Magnicourt-sur-Canche, 351-353, 461

Main, G. H., 423

Maing, 496

Maitland, A. E., 253, 261

Malard Wood, 430-438

Maloney, Capt., 270, 333, 405, 407, 414

Malplaquet, 505

Malta, 6, 8 _et seq._, 86 _et seq._, 112, 115, 121, 505, 508, 509

Maltzhorn Farm, 182, 184, 191, 449, 451

Manchester Regiment, 22, 48, 62, 263, 487

Manicamp, 381-383

Manning, D. A. S., 456, 458

Mansel-Howe, C. I., 423, 439, 440

Marchment, A. F., 299, 303, 343, 344, 346, 394, 398, 399, 401, 403-405, 408, 461-466, 468, 486, 487, 492, 496, 507

Maricourt, 182, 446 _et seq._

Marlière Caves, 268

Maroc, 82, 84, 85

Maroc, South, 82, 83

Marœuil, 349-351, 353

Marqueffles Farm, 418

Marquion, 485, 492

Marrières Wood, 452, 453, 456

Marsh, F. S., 292

Marshall, Lord, 507

Marshall, R. B., 414, 496

Mason, C. R., 414

Mather, A., 427

Matthews, G. L., 394, 395

Mattison, O. H., 316

Maubeuge, 483 _et seq._

Maunder, Pte., 95

Mauquissart, 64, 67, 224-227

Maurepas, 177, 451, 452

Mawby, T. H., 353, 417

Maxwell, Gen. Sir J. G., 107, 108

Maynard, T. R. A., 443

Mears, S. F. G., 323, 391

Meerut, 129

Melleha, 9, 10, 12, 508

Mendl, R. H. J., 360

Menges, G. J. L., 360

Menin, 294 _et seq._, 495

Mercatel, 253, 460

Mercer, Brig.-Gen. David, 90

Méricourt-l'Abbé, 431, 444

Merrell, H. H., 216

Merville, 36, 43, 71, 218, 223, 228, 234, 413

Messines, 263, 294, 307, 489

Meteren, 57, 428

Methuen, F.M. Lord, 86

Michell, R., 292, 320.

Middlemiss, 2/Lieut., 313

Middleton, J. T., 174, 193

Millar, W. T., 385

Mill Copse, 481, 485, 486

Miller, H. E., 119, 124

Miller, J. D., 414

Miller, Lieut.-Col., 436, 438, 439

Mills, E. L., 327, 336, 341, 344, 413

Mills, H. H., 477

Millstead, A. H., 414, 486

Milne, F., 119

Minear, S., 251

Minia, 108-111

Miraumont, 240

Mirvaux, 420, 421, 433

Mœuvres, 331 _et seq._, 484

Moger, A. J., 216

Moislains, 455, 456

Mole Post, 231

Molliens au Bois, 420, 422

Monchy-au-Bois, 241-245, 248

Monchy Breton, 350, 351

Monchy-le-Preux, 265, 393, 394, 467, 477

Moncrieff, Lieut.-Gen. G. H., 15

Mondicourt, 150, 151

Monk, E. W., 81, 194

Monk, S. G., 61

Monkman, E. A., 238, 287

Monro, Gen. Sir C. C., 96, 101

Mons, 5, 489 _et seq._

Mont St Eloy, 408, 410

Mont St Quentin, 453, 455

Montague, Pte., 350

Montenescourt, 271

Moody, T., 7, 165

Moore, A. R., 7, 33, 146, 152, 159, 162, 164

Moore, G. H., 16, 34, 38, 90

Moore, H., 130

Moore, W., 6, 20, 47, 119, 136-138, 152, 163, 165

Moreuil, 385, 429

Morlancourt, 430, 444, 445

Mormal, Forêt de, 494, 495, 504

Morris, H., 16, 95

Morris, H. O., 350, 400, 401, 407

Morris, S. T., 423, 440

Morris, 2/Lieut., 405

Morrison, J. D., 423

Mortleman, C. F., 174, 193

Morton, W. C., 360, 388-390, 419

Morval, 178 _et seq._, 240, 325

Mory, 280

Mosely, E. P. M., 36, 270, 417, 480, 502, 504

Mouchin, 81

Muddell, A. R., 238, 423, 452

Mudros, 90 _et seq._

Murray, Gen. Sir A., 111

Murray, Lieut.-Col., 66

Nag Hamadi, 110

Nash, F., 477

Naylor, J. R., 317, 320

Neame, R. E., 200

Neuf Berquin, 218

Neuve Chapelle, 26 _et seq._, 58 _et seq._, 120, 218 _et seq._, 413, 477

Neuville-Borjonval, 291

Neuville-Vitasse, 253 _et seq._, 411, 412

Neuvireuil, 347

Neville, S. W., 480, 482

New Barnet, 14, 15, 115 _et seq._

Newman, W. H. G., 322

Nickless, F. C., 477

Nœux-les-Mines, 77, 81

Nonne Boschen, 297, 302

Nord, Canal du, 331, 332, 454, 477 _et seq._

Nordausques, 316

Noreuil, 275, 276, 278

Norris, G., 340, 344

Norris, J. T., 477

Norrish, F. E., 322

North Staffords, 243

Noureuil, 376, 378

Noye River, 359

Noyelles-les-Vermelles, 78

Noyon, 369, 380, 382, 422

Nunneley, W. A., 237, 238, 243, 249, 292, 317

Nunns, N., 270, 304

Nurlu, 456

Oakely, Sergt., 328

O'Brien, J., 216, 511

O'Brien, Rev., 238

Oise, 369-382

Oise Canal, 363-371, 429, 430

Oisy-le-Verger, 482-488

Oldrey, V. R., 174, 183, 193, 281, 472, 475

Olinski, P. J., 279

Omignon, River, 359, 367

Oppy, 346 _et seq._, 392 _et seq._, 414, 416, 419, 504

Ormiston, N. A., 174, 193

Osborne, W. E., 173, 174, 185, 193

Osvillers Lake, 482

Ouderdom, 44, 56, 57, 303, 304

Owen, T. G., 423

Oxfordshire Hussars, 369

Page, H. F., 213

Palluel, 479, 484, 486

Palmer, L. A., 443

Palmer, Rev. R., 136, 165, 216, 223

Palmer, Pte., 405

Paradis, 36-38, 57, 59

Paris, Major-Gen. A., 90, 106

Parker, A. J., 408

Parker, W. H., 238, 275, 281, 285, 287

Parkhouse, H., 14, 16, 90

Parr, J. F. F., 7, 12, 17, 86, 88

Parslow, W. H., 360, 424, 432, 434-436, 440

Pas, 141, 150

Passchendaele, 40, 294, 316 _et seq._, 489

Paterson, F. J., 443, 459

Paterson, J. R. K., 224

Pathans, 40th, 22

Payne, H. S., 216

Payne, P. J., 323, 391

Pearson, J., 119

Peizières, 457-459

Pentelow, H., 223

Pernois, 425

Péronne, 177, 194, 211, 363, 385, 444, 453-456, 477

Perrin, Pte., 350

Peryer, J. R., 322

Peselhoek, 320

Peters, Pte., 288, 289

Petit Houvin, 296

Petrie, E., 327, 339, 342

Petrie, L., 390

Phillips, F. A., 333, 398, 401, 402, 404, 405, 408, 414

Phillips, J. R., 408

Phillips, Sergt., 54

Pierremande, 366, 374

Pietre, 29-31, 37, 38

Pike, C. S., 292, 309

Pilckem, 322

Pitman, G. R., 353, 400

Platts, H. C., 421

Plumbley, Sergt., 136, 406

Plumer, F.M. Lord, 24, 55, 294

Poelcapelle, 40, 306 _et seq._, 359

Polygon Wood, 298, 302

Pommier, 244, 245, 248, 249

Pont du Hem, 64, 224, 226

Pont Logy, 72

Pont Noyelles, 424, 442

Pont Remy, 85

Poperinghe, 306, 307, 320

Port, W. G., 270

Potizje, 45

Potter, A. F., 414, 475

Potter, C., 201, 281, 316

Potton, A., 119, 174, 193

Powell, J., 354

Pratt, E. C., 238, 249, 278

Price, J. W., 100, 121, 149, 154, 174, 193, 414, 469, 472

Prince, V. C., 323, 389, 446-448, 454, 455

Pronville, 329, 479

Proven, 321, 323

Puisieux-au-Mont, 240, 241, 384

Punjabis, 27th, 71

Punjabis, 89th, 66, 69

Pyne, P., 218, 223, 263

Pyper, J. R., 7, 54, 81, 82, 137

Pys, 240

Quéant, 265, 273-277, 326-329, 395, 472-479, 492

Quennell, W., 174, 189, 228

Quessy, 369, 370, 372-374

Quierzy, 365, 381

Ramillies, 490

Ramsey, W. D., 360

Rancourt, 178, 453-455

Randall, H. V. R., 328, 408, 486

Ransart, 239, 241, 245, 246

Ratcliffe, E. A., 327, 392

Rawlinson, Gen. Lord, 24, 74, 79, 156, 429

Read, F. C. J., 16, 101, 174, 193

Reed, A., 119

Rees, H. D., 223, 269, 300, 494

Reid, C. J., 251, 267

Reigersburg, 307, 308

Reninghelst, 44, 57, 305

Rhonelle, River, 496

Ribecourt, 332

Ribemont, 290, 423, 425, 442

Richards, C. S., 327, 407

Richards, R. J., 317, 320

Richards, W., 174, 193

Richardson, Lieut.-Col., 282, 283, 285, 370, 371

Richardson, C. E. V., 218, 229

Richardson, S. A. G., 201, 213, 214

Richardson, S. J., 315

Richebourg L'Avoué, 26, 29, 219

Richebourg St Vaast, 29 _et seq._

Ridley, J., 414

Riencourt, 274-276, 472

Riez Bailleul, 59 _et seq._, 224, 226, 413

Rifles, 57th, 23, 34, 39, 46, 52, 54, 60, 68, 69

Riley, Sergt., 284

Ringrose, L/Corpl., 236

Risley, E. H., 66, 128

Rix, L. G., 56, 174, 215, 218, 231

Robbins, C., 477

Roberts, C. H. W., 320

Roclincourt, 346 _et seq._, 393

Rogers, F. E., 455

Rombies, 498, 499

Ronnssoy Wood, 457

Ronville Caves, 411-414

Rosenbloom, Pte., 236

Rossington, G. L., 405

Rouge Croix, 61, 224, 226

Rouges Bancs, 58, 219

Roughton, W., 414

Rowlands, C. W., 327, 339-341, 344, 463, 466

Royal Fusiliers, 24, 88, 98, 118, 128, 132, 133, 330

Royal Marines, 90

Royal Munster Fusiliers, 85, 471

Royal Scots, 292, 461

Royal Warwickshire Regt., 218, 219

Royal Welsh Fusiliers, 73

Royce, P. F., 443, 458, 459

Ruel, C. S., 344

Rumaucourt, 486, 487, 491

Rundle, Gen. Sir Leslie, 86, 509

Russell, C. P., 201

Ryan, W., 477

Sailly-au-Bois, 150, 172-175

Sailly Labourse, 80

Sailly Laurette 430-432

Sailly-le-Sec, 180

Sailly Saillisel, 177, 194

St Amand, 142, 166 _et seq._

St Aubin, 349, 416

St Firmin, 369-371

St Gobain, Forêt de, 359 _et seq._

St Jans-ter-biezen, 320

St Jean, 45, 56

St Julien, 42, 45, 46, 295, 304, 306, 309-311, 318

St Leger, 246-249, 281, 467

St Martin-sur-Cojeul, 247, 253

St Omer, 20-24, 296, 307, 316, 321

St Paul's Bay, 9, 88, 508

St Pierre Vaast, 194, 455

St Pol, 350, 393

St Quentin, 242, 359 _et seq._, 444, 460

St Quentin Canal, 364 _et seq._

St Riquier, 175-180, 419

St Rohart Factory, 265, 467, 480

St Sauveur, 416, 418

St Vaast, 37

St Vaast-en-Chaussée, 215-218

Salisbury, 122, 123

Salter, F. F., 513

Sambre, River, 478 _et seq._

Sampson, C. A., 322

Sanctuary Wood, 299, 302

Sankey, T. H., 344

Sapignies, 290

Saqula, 110-112

Sari Bair Mountain, 91, 93

Sars-la-Bruyère, 502-504

Sassoon, Sir Philip, 15, 120

Sauchicourt Farm, 484

Sauchy-Cauchy, 481-485

Sauchy-Lestrée, 487

Saultain, 496, 497

Saulty, 292

Saunders, C. R., 6, 20, 47, 51, 53, 55

Savill, Lieut.-Col., 469, 470

Savy, Col., 54

Scarpe, River, 240, 252 _et seq._, 325, 394, 406, 443, 460 _et seq._, 479 _et seq._

Scheldt Canal, _v._ Escaut, 290

Schuler Farm, 312, 313

Scinde Rifles, 59th, 22

Scott, G. B., 6, 66

Seabury, E. R., 292, 315

Sebourg, 498-501

Sebourquiaux, 498-500

Sedd-el-Bahr, 94

Selby, A. J., 279

Sellars, A. J., 408

Selle River, 494, 495

Selmun, 9, 10, 12, 14

Sensée, River, 260, 262, 467 _et seq._

Senussi, 107-109

Senyard, F. G., 344

Sergeant, A., 216

Serre, 140, 240, 460

Servais, 381

Seyd, V. H., 16, 100, 104, 110, 111

Seys, S. A., 249, 275, 289, 311, 388, 424

Shand, W., 327

Sharp, A. G., 66, 174, 182

Shelton, Sergt.-Major, 231

Sheppard, L. H., 322, 389, 391

Sherwood, Corpl., 283

Sherwood Foresters, 166

Shoreham-by-Sea, 356, 427

Siddall, T., 201, 263

Sidi Bishr, 112

Sidi Gaber, 112

Siege Camp, 317, 318, 320

Sievwright, A. J. N., 421

Sikhs, 15th, 22, 49

Sikhs, 34th, 22

Sikhs, 47th, 22

Simencourt, 264, 271, 344, 346

Simmonds, R. S. B., 327, 342, 411, 463, 466

Simpson, A. H., 16, 88

Simpson, Pte., 405

Sinceny, 365, 386

Slater, H., 423, 440

Slattery, J., 443

Smalley, P. F., 174, 270

Smith, L/Corpl., 236

Smith, Major-Gen. D., 296

Smith, Pte., 350

Snell, H. A., 317, 320

Snow, Lieut.-Gen. D'Oyly, 141, 169, 255, 331

Souastre, 141 _et seq._

South Staffords, 166, 244, 288

Sparks, H. C., 163

Sparrow, Hanbury, 358, 426

Spence, C. W., 279

Spencer, F. C., 279

Spencer, J. T., 443

Speyer, C. A., 201, 211, 304

Spicer, E. E., 116, 238, 243, 327, 349, 398, 400, 407

Spiers, H. W., 201, 214, 223, 257, 300, 304, 494

Spooner, Pte., 350

Spring, D. G., 315, 317

Springfield, 310, 312

Spurr, C. C., 66

Staden, 317

Stanbridge, G. E., 137, 174, 231, 257, 300, 350, 417, 478

Stanham, H. G., 14, 16, 111, 149, 153, 159, 162, 163, 193

Stark, W. A., 16, 149, 154, 289, 311, 313, 315

Stedman, P. B. K., 6, 53, 55

Stedman, S. H., 116, 238, 317

Steenvoorde, 296, 297

Stevens, Pte., 350

Stevens, W., 122

Stevens, W. H., 16

Stevens, W. H. S., 113

Stevenson, E. A., 287

Stevenson, R. T., 414, 475

Stickney, F., 238, 276

Stickney, W. J., 238

Still, L. A., 443

Stillwell, E. H., 4, 14, 36, 56, 115

Stoaling, T., 238, 279

Stone, Pte., 350

Stotter, S. P., 223, 231, 252

Strazeele, 43

Strickland, Brig.-Gen. E. P., 22

Stuckey, E. L., 327, 336, 337, 349

Suffolks, 4th, 22, 61, 71, 369 _et seq._, 432

Sus-St Leger, 239

Sutcliffe, Major, 437

Sutton Veny, 236, 237

Swinchatt, P. C., 408

Sykes, J. T., 7, 36, 152, 159, 165, 194

Sylvester, G. H., 417, 501

Tadpole Copse, 332 _et seq._

Tadworth, 116, 117, 119

Tailles Wood, 445, 446

Taylor, C. M., 174, 212, 214

Taylor, F. S. C., 327, 466

Taylor, H. W., 501

Taylor, J., 288

Taylor, Sergt., 328

Telegraph Hill, 253 _et seq._, 413, 416

Tergnier, 366, 374-377

Thélus, 393, 397

Thézy-Glimont, 359

Thomas, N. L., 16, 88, 100, 121

Till, W. J., 443

Tilloy-les-Mofflaines, 253, 270, 412 _et seq._, 461

Tincques, 351, 418

Tollworthy, F. G., 383, 421, 442, 453, 455

Tomsett, E. S., 7, 81, 138, 174, 175

Torquay, 355

Tortille River, 454, 455

Towse, W. N., 16, 113

Towy Post, 398, 403, 406

Tracas Farm, 319

Travécy, 364, 369, 371

Trescault, 290

Trinidad Contingent, Second, 128

Trinquis, River, 479

Trones Wood, 182 _et seq._

Trotman, Brig.-Gen. C. N., 90

Tucker, A. W., 443

Turner, J. G., 259, 260

Tyrell, G., 344

Udall, F. G., 188, 402, 408, 477

Urquhart, Lieut.-Col., 436

Valenciennes, 494-496

Valetta, 9 _et seq._, 86-89, 508, 509

Vauchelles, 137

Vaulx-Vraucourt, 275

Vaux-sur-Somme, 180, 433, 449, 451

Vermelles, 76-81

Vernon, H. W., 16, 149, 153, 173, 185, 193

Vernon, W. H., 15, 119, 122, 201, 211, 214

Verquin, 81

Vickery, Pte., 242

Vieille Chapelle, 29, 32, 33

Vieux Berquin, 43

Ville-sur-Ancre, 208, 214

Villequier-Aumont, 377-379

Villers-Bretonneux, 365, 384 _et seq._

Villers Cotterets, 383, 385

Villers-lez-Cagnicourt, 479

Villers Plouich, 290

Villers-sire-Nicole, 506

Vimy Ridge, 247, 252, 254, 260, 294, 347, 394-397

Vine, G. H. M., 4, 6, 20, 34, 36, 66, 128-130, 356

Vines, W. F., 292, 315

Viry-Noureuil, 366 _et seq._

Vis-en-Artois, 479

Vitry-en-Artois, 491

Vitz Villeroy, 248

Vlamertinghe, 56, 306, 315-317

Volckeringhove, 306

Voskule, J. A., 414

Vouel, 374-378

Wailly, 248

Wakefield, Sir Chas., 150

Walker, F. W., 106, 292, 312, 314, 315, 317, 388, 423, 433, 440

Walker, T. I., 7, 11, 54, 55

Walker, Brig.-Gen. W. R., 22

Wallace, Major-Gen. Sir A., 90, 107

Wallder, H. W., 344

Walmisley, S. E. H., 66, 81, 137

Wancourt, 253 _et seq._, 393, 467, 492

Wardan, 107

Wardle, L. F., 366, 374, 384

Warloy, 420

Warlus, 270

Warminster, 236

Warren, L/Corpl., 242

Warren, W. D., 307, 312, 315

Watson, B. A., 312-315

Watts, L. L., 478, 488, 490

Weathersbee, H. W., 7, 20, 66

Webb, L. R., 216

Webb, T. Montgomerie, 130, 358

Webster, J. R., 16, 94, 112, 152, 153, 185, 193

Webster, W. H., 154, 221, 227, 231

Wedge Wood, 178 _et seq._

Weekes, L/Corpl., 350

Wellby, E. V., 14, 116, 117

Welsh Regiment, 427

Westcott, A., 315

Westerman, Pte., 350

Westhoek, 295, 296

Westoutre, 44, 57

Westroosebeek, 317, 320

West Yorkshire Regiment, 353

Wheatley, J. H. L., 280, 282, 283, 287

Wheatley, L. L., 113, 138, 148, 161, 162, 180, 206, 211, 214, 217

Whitehead, H., 162, 163, 216

Whitworth, Corpl., 283

Wickens, J., 344

Wieltje, 45, 46

Wilde, E. T., Rodney, 122, 128

Wilderspin, H. O., 315

Wildman, C. J. C., 360

Wilkinson, Corpl., 236

Willcocks, Gen. Sir J., 22, 24, 60

Willerval, 347, 393, 397

Williams, F. G., 322, 375, 384

Williams, Col., 123

Williams, H. J. M., 66, 119, 223, 322, 369, 384

Williams, H. N., 223, 269, 300, 349, 398, 401, 407, 408, 411, 463, 469, 472, 478, 494, 506

Williams, N. W., 88, 149, 153, 174

Williams, S. M., 249, 287

Willmott, W. A., 344

Wilson, E. D., 116, 118

Wilson, Sergt.-Major, 494

Wise, F. S., 414, 417

Wood, A. E., 116, 117

Wood, Col. Evelyn, 150

Wood, J. C., 443, 448

Woodington, A., 360, 384

Woodyeat, E., 414

Wreford, L. W., 223, 270, 272, 304

Wright, Capt., 382, 458

Wytschaete Ridge, 294

Yeoman, B. F. L., 88, 149, 159, 165

York and Lanc. Regiment, 347

Yorkshires, 2nd, 488

Yoxall, T., 417, 466

Yser Canal and River, 40, 41, 229, 295, 307 _et seq._

Ytres, 290

Zelobes, 27

Zillebeeke, 294, 295

Zonnebeeke, 40, 42, 297

Zouafques, 316, 317

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

Added missing page number to Scheldt Canal index listing on p. 540.

Silently corrected simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors.

Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed.

Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.