The Visigothic code

BOOK V.

Chapter 51,160 wordsPublic domain

CONCERNING BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS.

TITLE I.--_Ecclesiastical Affairs._

I. Concerning Donations to the Church 143

II. Concerning the Preservation and Restoration of Property Belonging to the Church 144

III. Concerning Sales and Gifts of Church Property 144

IV. Concerning Church Property in Charge of Those Devoted to the Service of the Church 145

V. Concerning the Repairs of Churches, and Divers Other Matters 145

VI. Concerning the Arbitrary Conduct of Bishops 147

VII. Emancipated Slaves of the Church, who are still Bound to Render it Service, shall not be Permitted to Marry Persons who are Freeborn 150

TITLE II.--_Concerning Donations in General._

I. A Donation Extorted by Violence is Void 152

II. Concerning Royal Donations 152

III. Concerning Property Given to a Husband or a Wife by the King 152

IV. Concerning Property, in Addition to the Dowry, Given to a Wife by her Husband 153

V. Concerning Property Given to a Husband by his Wife; and Where a Wife has been Convicted of Adultery 153

VI. Concerning Property Donated Verbally, or Conveyed by Instruments in Writing 154

VII. Concerning Gifts Bestowed upon one Another by Husband and Wife 155

TITLE III.--_Concerning the Gifts of Patrons._

I. Where Anyone who has been Placed under the Control of Another, or of the Son of that Person, Deserts either his Patron, or the Children of the Latter 156

II. Concerning Arms given to Bailiffs who have been Appointed for the Defence of Anyone, and the Acquisitions of said Bailiffs 158

III. Concerning Property Acquired through the Appointment of a Patron, or which has been Donated by Him 158

IV. Concerning Property Accepted and Acquired through the Office of Patron 158

TITLE IV.--_Concerning Exchanges and Sales._

I. What Constitutes a Valid Exchange, and what a Valid Purchase 160

II. If the Vendor is not a Person of Good Character, he must give a Surety 160

III. Any Sale made under Compulsion shall be Void 160

IV. In Case the Price should not be Paid, after Earnest Money has been Given 160

V. Where only Part of the Price is Paid 161

VI. Where Fraud is Committed in Stating the Price of whatever is Sold 161

VII. Where Anyone says that he Sold his Property for Less than it was Worth 161

VIII. Concerning Those who Sell, or Give Away, the Property of Others 162

IX. It shall not be Lawful to Sell, or Give Away, Property whose Ownership is in Dispute 162

X. Where a Freeman Allows Himself to be Sold 162

XI. Concerning Free Men and Free Women sold by Slaves or Freemen 163

XII. It shall be Illegal for Parents to Sell their Children or, by any Contract whatsoever, to Place Them in the Power of Others 163

XIII. Concerning Sales by Slaves 164

XIV. Where a Slave, who has been Sold, Accuses his Former Master of Crime 165

XV. A Master may Claim the Property of a Slave whom he has Sold 165

XVI. Whether a Slave may be Redeemed with his own Private Property 166

XVII. No One, against his Will, shall be Compelled to Sell his Slaves 166

XVIII. Where a Slave, on Account of a Crime he has Committed, is Transferred to the Possession of Another 167

XIX. Concerning Property Belonging to Private Persons, and to the Courts, which may not be Alienated 167

XX. Where Anyone Sells or Gives Away Property, whose Possession should first have been Transferred by Judicial Decree 169

XXI. Of Slaves Captured and Sold by the Enemy 169

XXII. For what Price this Book shall be Bought 169

TITLE V.--_Concerning Property Committed to the Charge of, or Loaned to, Another._

I. Concerning Animals Hired to Another 171

II. Concerning Animals Loaned for the Purpose of Labor 172

III. Concerning Things which have been Loaned, and afterwards Destroyed by Fire, or Lost by Theft 172

IV. Concerning Lost Money, and the Interest on the Same 173

V. Concerning Property Committed to the Charge of Another, and Lost by Accident at Sea 173

VI. Concerning Property Entrusted to a Slave without his Master’s Knowledge 174

VII. Where a Slave Fraudulently Demands Property Entrusted by his Master to Another 174

VIII. Concerning Legal Interest 175

IX. What shall be Paid for the Use of Fruits of the Soil 175

X. Who are Entitled to Wills, or Instruments in Writing, which have been Entrusted to the Keeping of Anyone 176

TITLE VI.--_Concerning Pledges and Debts._

I. Where Articles are not Pledged 177

II. Where Pledges are Deposited, and afterwards Stolen 177

III. Where Articles are Pledged as Security for Debts 177

IV. Where a Pledge is not Restored when the Debt is Paid 178

V. Where a Person is Liable for many Debts, or has Committed many Crimes 179

VI. In what way the Debt of a Person who is Dead, or any Injury he has Committed, shall be Inquired into 180

TITLE VII.--_Concerning the Liberation of Slaves, and Freedmen._

I. Where Slaves are Liberated, either by Instruments in Writing, or in the Presence of Witnesses 182

II. Where a Slave Belonging to One, or to Several Persons, is set at Liberty 182

III. Concerning Those who Declare that they are Free 183

IV. Whether he who is enjoying Liberty, can be Returned to Slavery 183

V. Whether he who is sought to be Returned to Slavery, can be Deprived of any of his Property 183

VI. Whether he who has been Declared to be Free by his Master, in Court, can be again Reduced to Slavery, on the Demand of said Master 184

VII. Where anyone, Influenced by Fear, Asserts that he is a Slave 184

VIII. Where a Freeman is Claimed as a Slave; or Where a Slave Declares Himself to be Free 184

IX. For what Reasons Freedom, once Given, shall be Revoked 185

X. Where a Freedman Inflicts Injury upon him who Gave him his Freedom 185

XI. A Freedman shall not be Permitted to give Testimony against his Former Master, or against the Children of the Latter 186

XII. Freedmen shall not be Permitted to Testify in Court 186

XIII. Concerning the Disposition of the Property of a Person who has been set Free, should he Die without Leaving Legitimate Children 186

XIV. Concerning the Conditions Imposed by a Master, where Slaves are Liberated by an Instrument in Writing 187

XV. Concerning the Liberation of Slaves belonging to the Crown 188

XVI. Concerning the Property of Slaves belonging to the Crown, who have been Liberated 188

XVII. Neither Freedmen, nor their Descendants, shall either Marry into, or Act Insolently towards, the Family of their Patron 189

XVIII. Freedmen who have Entered any Religious Order, shall not be Returned to the Service of their Masters 190

XIX. In what manner Royal Freedmen and their Descendants shall Defend the King, while Serving in the Army; and with whom Those in the Public Service shall March 190

XX. Concerning Freedmen who are Guilty of Transgressions 191