ii. 343;

analogous variation in _Cucurbitæ_, ii. 349; acclimatisation of Cucurbitaceæ, ii. 313; production of fruit by sterile hybrid Cucurbitaceæ, ii. 172; on the melon, i. 360, ii. 108, 275; incapacity of the cucumber to cross with other species, i. 359. NECTARINE, i. 336-344; derived from the peach, i. 337, 339-342; hybrids of, i. 339; persistency of characters in seedling, i. 340; origin of, _ibid._; produced on peach trees, i. 340-341; producing peaches, i. 341; variation in, i. 342-343; bud-variation in, i. 374; glands in the leaves of the, ii. 231; analogous variation in, ii. 348. NECTARY, variations of, in pansies, i. 369. NEES, on changes in the odour of plants, ii. 274. "NEGRO" cat, i. 46. NEGROES, polydactylism in, ii. 14; selection of cattle practised by, ii. 207. NEOLITHIC period, domestication of _Bos longifrons_ and _primigenius_ in the, i. 81; cattle of the, distinct from the original species, i. 87; domestic goat in the, i. 101; cereals of the, i. 317. NERVE, optic, atrophy of the, ii. 297. NEUMEISTER, on the Dutch and German pouter pigeons, i. 138; on the Jacobin pigeon, i. 154; duplication of the middle flight feather in pigeons, i. 159; on a peculiarly coloured breed of pigeons, "Staarhalsige Taube," i. 161; fertility of hybrid pigeons, i. 192; mongrels of the trumpeter pigeon, ii. 66; period of perfect plumage in pigeons, ii. 77; advantage of crossing pigeons, ii. 126. NEURALGIA, hereditary, ii. 79. NEW ZEALAND, feral cats of, i. 47; cultivated plants of, i. 311. NEWFOUNDLAND dog, modification of, in England, i. 42. NEWMAN, E., sterility of Sphingidæ under certain conditions, ii. 158. NEWPORT, G., non-copulation of _Vanessæ_ in confinement, ii. 157; regeneration of limbs in myriapoda, ii. 294; fertilisation of the ovule in batrachia, ii. 363. NEWT, polydactylism in the, ii. 14. NEWTON, A., absence of sexual distinctions in the Columbidæ, i. 162; production of a "black-shouldered" pea-hen among the ordinary kind, i. 291; on hybrid ducks, ii. 157. NGAMI, Lake, cattle of, i. 88. "NIATA" cattle, i. 89-91; resemblance of to _Sivatherium_, i. 89; {467} prepotency of transmission of character by, ii. 66. "NICARD" rabbit, i. 107. NICHOLSON, Dr., on the cats of Antigua, i. 46; on the sheep of Antigua, i. 98. _Nicotiana_, crossing of varieties and species of, ii. 108; prepotency of transmission of characters in species of, ii. 67; contabescence of female organs in, ii. 166. _Nicotiana glutinosa_, ii. 108. NIEBUHR, on the heredity of mental characteristics in some Roman families, ii. 65. NIGHT-BLINDNESS, non-reversion to, ii. 36. NILSSON, Prof., on the barking of a young wolf, i. 27; parentage of European breeds of cattle, i. 80, 81; on _Bos frontosus_ in Scania, i. 81. NIND, Mr., on the dingo, i. 39. "NISUS formativus," i. 293, 294, 355. NITZSCH, on the absence of the oil-gland in certain Columbæ, i. 147. NON-INHERITANCE, causes of, ii. 24-26. "NONNAIN" pigeon, i. 154. NORDMANN, dogs of Awhasie, i. 25. NORMANDY, pigs of, with appendages under the jaw, i. 75. NORWAY, striped ponies of, i. 58. NOTT and Gliddon, on the origin of the dog, i. 16; mastiff represented on an Assyrian tomb, i. 17; on Egyptian dogs, i. 18; on the Hare-Indian dog, i. 22. _Notylia_, ii. 135. NOURISHMENT, excess of, a cause of variability, ii. 257. NUMBER, importance of, in selection, ii. 235. _Numida ptilorhyncha_, the original of the Guinea-fowl, i. 294. NUN pigeon, i. 155; known to Aldrovandi, i. 207. NUTMEG tree, ii. 237.

OAK, weeping, i. 361, ii. 18, 241; pyramidal, i. 361; Hessian, i. 361; late-leaved, i. 363; variation in persistency of leaves of, i. 363; valueless as timber at the Cape of Good Hope, ii. 274; changes in, dependent on age, i. 387; galls of the, ii. 282. OATS, wild, i. 313; in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 319. OBERLIN, change of soil beneficial to the potato, ii. 146. ODART, Count, varieties of the vine, i. 333, ii. 278; bud-variation in the vine, i. 375. ODOUR and colour, correlation of, ii. 325. _Oecidium_, ii. 284. _Oenothera biennis_, bud-variation in, i. 382. OGLE, W., resemblance of twins, ii. 252. OIL-GLAND, absence of, in fantail pigeons, i. 147, 160. OLDFIELD, Mr., estimation of European dogs among the natives of Australia, ii. 215. OLEANDER, stock affected by grafting in the, i. 394. OLLIER, Dr., insertion of the periosteum of a dog beneath the skin of a rabbit, ii. 369. _Oncidium_, reproduction of, ii. 133-135, 164. ONIONS, crossing of, ii. 90; white, liable to the attacks of fungi and disease, ii. 228, 336. _Ophrys apifera_, self-fertilisation of, ii. 91; formation of pollen by a petal in, ii. 392. _Opuntia leucotricha_, ii. 277. ORANGE, i. 334-336; crossing of, ii. 91; with the lemon, i. 399, ii. 365; naturalisation of, in Italy, ii. 308; variation of, in North Italy, ii. 256; peculiar variety of, ii. 331; Bizzaria, i. 391; trifacial, _ibid._ ORCHIDS, reproduction of, i. 402, 403; ii. 133-135. ORFORD, Lord, crossing greyhounds with the bulldog, i. 41. ORGANISMS, origin of, i. 13. ORGANISATION, advancement in, i. 8. ORGANS, rudimentary and aborted, ii. 315-318; multiplication of abnormal, ii. 391. ORIOLE, assumption of hen-plumage by a male in confinement, ii. 158. ORKNEY islands, pigs of, i. 70; pigeons of, i. 184. ORTHOPTERA, regeneration of hind legs in the, ii. 294. _Orthosia munda_, ii. 157. ORTON, R., on the effects of cross-breeding on the female, i. 404; on the Manx cat, ii. 66; on mongrels from the silk-fowl, ii. 67. OSBORNE, Dr., inherited mottling of the iris, ii. 10. OSPREY, preying on Black-fowls, ii. 230. OSTEN-SACKEN, Baron, on American oak galls, ii. 282. OSTEOLOGICAL characters of pigs, i. 66, 67, 71-74; of rabbits, i. 115-130; of pigeons, i. 162-167; of ducks, i. 282-284. OSTRICH, diminished fertility of the, in captivity, ii. 156. OSTYAKS, selection of dogs by the, ii. 206. OTTER, ii. 151. "OTTER" sheep of Massachusetts, i. 100. OUDE, feral humped cattle in, i. 79. OUISTITI, breed in Europe, ii. 153. {468} OVARY, variation of, in _Cucurbita moschata_, i. 359; development of, independently of pollen, i. 403. _Ovis montana_, i. 99. OVULES and buds, identity of nature of, ii. 360. OWEN, Capt., on stiff-haired cats at Mombas, i. 46. OWEN, Prof. R., palæontological evidence as to the origin of dogs, i. 15; on _Bos longifrons_, i. 81; on the skull of the "Niata" cattle, i. 89, 90; on fossil remains of rabbits, i. 104; on the significance of the brain, i. 124; on the number of digits in the Ichthyopterygia, ii. 16; on metagenesis, ii. 366; theory of reproduction and parthenogenesis, ii. 375. OWL, eagle, breeding in captivity, ii. 154. OWL pigeon, i. 148; African, figured, i. 149; known in 1735, i. 209. _Oxalis_, trimorphic species of, ii. 400. _Oxalis rosea_, ii. 132. OXLEY, Mr., on the nutmeg tree, ii. 237. OYSTERS, differences in the shells of, ii. 280.

PACA, sterility of the, in confinement, ii. 152. PACIFIC islands, pigs of the, i. 70. PADUA, earliest known flower garden at, ii. 217. PADUAN fowl of Aldrovandi, i. 247. _Pæonia moutan_, ii. 205. PÆONY, tree, ancient cultivation of, in China, ii. 205. PAMPAS, feral cattle on the, i. 85. _Pandanus_, ii. 256. PANGENESIS, hypothesis of, ii. 357-404. _Panicum_, seeds of, used as food, i. 309; found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317. PANSY, i. 368-370. PAPPUS, abortion of the, in _Carthamus_, ii. 316. PAGET, on the Hungarian sheep dog, i. 24. PAGET, inheritance of cancer, ii. 7; hereditary elongation of hairs in the eyebrow, ii. 8; period of inheritance of cancer, ii. 79-80; on _Hydra_, ii. 293; on the healing of wounds, ii. 294; on the reparation of bones, _ibid._; growth of hair near inflamed surfaces or fractures, ii. 295; on false membranes, _ibid._; compensatory development of the kidney, ii. 300; bronzed skin in disease of supra-renal capsules, ii. 331; unity of growth and gemmation, ii. 359; independence of the elements of the body, ii. 369; affinity of the tissues for special organic substances, ii. 380. PALLAS, on the influence of domestication upon the sterility of intercrossed species, i. 31, 83, 193, ii. 109; hypothesis that variability is wholly due to crossing, i. 188, 374, ii. 250, 264; on the origin of the dog, i. 16; variation in dogs, i. 33; crossing of dog and jackal, i. 25; origin of domestic cats, i. 43; origin of Angora cat, i. 45; on wild horses, i. 52, 60; on Persian sheep, i. 94; on Siberian fat-tailed sheep, ii. 279; on Chinese sheep, ii. 315; on Crimean varieties of the vine, i. 333; on a grape with rudimentary seeds, ii. 316; on feral musk-ducks, ii. 46; sterility of Alpine plants in gardens, ii. 163; selection of white-tailed yaks, ii. 206. _Paradoxurus_, sterility of species of, in captivity, ii. 151. PARAGUAY, cats of, i. 46; cattle of, i. 89; horses of, ii. 102; dogs of, ii. 102; black-skinned domestic fowl of, i. 232. PARALLEL variation, ii. 348-352. PARAMOS, woolly pigs of, i. 78. PARASITES, liability to attacks of, dependent on colour, ii. 228. PARIAH dog, with crooked legs, i. 17; resembling the Indian wolf, i. 24. PARISET, inheritance of handwriting, ii. 6. PARKER, W. K., number of vertebræ in fowls, i. 266. PARKINSON, Mr., varieties of the hyacinth, i. 370. PARKYNS, Mansfield, on _Columba guinea_, i. 183. PARMENTIER, differences in the nidification of pigeons, i. 178; on white pigeons, ii. 230. PARROTS, general sterility of, in confinement, ii. 155; alteration of plumage of, ii. 280. PARSNIP, reversion in, ii. 31; influence of selection on, ii. 201; experiments on, ii. 277; wild, enlargement of roots of, by cultivation, i. 326. PARTHENOGENESIS, ii. 359, 364. PARTRIDGE, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 156. PARTURITION, difficult, hereditary, ii. 8. _Parus major_, ii. 231. _Passiflora_, self-impotence in species of, ii. 137-138; contabescence of female organs in, ii. 166. _Passiflora alata_, fertility of, when grafted, ii. 188. PASTURE and climate, adaptation of breeds of sheep to, i. 96, 97. PASTRANA, Julia, peculiarities in the hair and teeth of, ii. 328. PATAGONIA, crania of pigs from, i. 77. PATAGONIAN rabbit, i. 105. {469} PATERSON, R., on the Arrindy silk moth, ii. 306. PAUL, W., on the hyacinth, i. 370; varieties of pelargoniums, i. 378; improvement of pelargoniums, ii. 216. _Pavo cristatus_ and _muticus_, hybrids of, i. 290. _Pavo nigripennis_, i. 290-291. "PAVODOTTEN-TAUBE," i. 141. PEACH, i. 336-344; derived from the almond, i. 337; stones of, figured, _ibid._; contrasted with almonds, i. 338; double-flowering, i. 338-339, 343; hybrids of, i. 339; persistency of races of, _ibid._; trees producing nectarines, i. 340-341; variation in, i. 342-343, ii. 256; bud-variation in, i. 374; pendulous, ii. 18; variation by selection in, ii. 218; peculiar disease of the, ii. 228; glands on the leaves of the, ii. 231; antiquity of the, ii. 308; increased hardiness of the, _ibid._; varieties of, adapted for forcing, ii. 310; yellow-fleshed, liable to certain diseases, ii. 336. PEACH-ALMOND, i. 338. PEAFOWL, origin of, i. 290; japanned or black-shouldered, i. 290-291; feral, in Jamaica, i. 190; comparative fertility of, in wild and tame states, ii. 112, 268; white, ii. 332. PEARS, i. 350; bud-variation in, i. 376; reversion in seedling, ii. 31; inferiority of, in Pliny's time, ii. 215; winter nelis, attacked by aphides, ii. 231; soft-barked varieties of, attacked by wood-boring beetles, ii. 231; origination of good varieties of, in woods, ii. 260; Forelle, resistance of, to frost, ii. 306. PEAS, i. 326-330; origin of, 326; varieties of, 326-329; found in Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317, 319, 326-329; fruit and seeds figured, i. 328; persistency of varieties, i. 329; intercrossing of varieties, i. 330, 397, ii. 129; effect of crossing on the female organs in, i. 398; double-flowered, ii. 168; maturity of, accelerated by selection, ii. 201; varieties of, produced by selection, ii. 218; thin-shelled, liable to the attacks of birds, ii. 231; reversion of, by the terminal seed in the pod, ii. 347. PECCARY, breeding of the, in captivity, ii. 150. PEDIGREES of horses, cattle, greyhounds, game-cocks, and pigs, ii. 3. PEGU, cats of, i. 47; horses of, i. 53. PELARGONIUMS, multiple origin of, i. 364; zones of, i. 366; bud-variation in, i. 378; variegation in, accompanied by dwarfing, i. 384; pelorism in, ii. 167, 345; by reversion, ii. 59; advantage of change of soil to, ii. 147; improvement of, by selection, ii. 216; scorching of, ii. 229; numbers of, raised from seed, ii. 235; effects of conditions of life on, ii. 274; stove-variety of, ii. 311; correlation of contracted leaves and flowers in, ii. 330-331. _Pelargonium fulgidum_, conditions of fertility in, ii. 164. "PELONES," a Columbian breed of cattle, i. 88. PELORIC flowers, tendency of, to acquire the normal form, ii. 70; fertility or sterility of, ii. 166-167. PELORIC races of _Gloxinia speciosa_ and _Antirrhinum majus_, i. 365. PELORISM, ii. 58-60, 345-346. PELVIS, characters of, in rabbits, i. 122-123; in pigeons, i. 166; in fowls, i. 268; in ducks, i. 284. PEMBROKE cattle, i. 81. PENDULOUS trees, i. 361, ii. 348; uncertainty of transmission of, ii. 18-19. PENGUIN ducks, i. 280, 282; hybrid of the, with the Egyptian goose, i. 282. PENNANT, production of wolf-like curs at Fochabers, i. 37; on the Duke of Queensberry's wild cattle, i. 84. _Pennisetum_, seeds of, used as food in the Punjab, i. 309. _Pennisetum distichum_, seeds of, used as food in Central Africa, i. 308. PERCIVAL, Mr., on inheritance in horses, ii. 10; on horn-like processes in horses, i. 50. _Perdix rubra_, occasional fertility of, in captivity, ii. 156. PERIOD of action of causes of variability, ii. 269. PERIOSTEUM of a dog, producing bone in a rabbit, ii. 369. PERIWINKLE, sterility of, in England, ii. 170. PERSIA, estimation of pigeons in, i. 205; carrier pigeon of, i. 141; tumbler pigeon of, i. 150; cats of, i. 45-47; sheep of, i. 94. _Persica intermedia_, i. 338. PERSISTENCE of colour in horses, i. 50; of generic peculiarities, i. 111. PERU, antiquity of maize in, i. 320; peculiar potato from, i. 331; selection of wild animals practised by the Incas of, ii. 207-208. "PERÜCKEN-TAUBE," i. 154. PETALS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants, ii. 316; producing pollen, ii. 392. PETUNIAS, multiple origin of, i. 364; double-flowered, ii. 167. "PFAUEN-TAUBE," i. 146. _Phacochoerus Africanus_, i. 76. _Phalænopsis_, pelorism in, ii. 346. PHALANGES, deficiency of, ii. 73. {470} _Phaps chalcoptera_, ii. 349. _Phaseolus multiflorus_, ii. 309, 322. _Phaseolus vulgaris_, ii. 309. _Phasianus pictus_, i. 275. _Phasianus Amherstiæ_, i. 275. PHEASANT, assumption of male plumage by the hen, ii. 51; wildness of hybrids of, with the common fowl, ii. 45; prepotency of the, over the fowl, ii. 68; diminished fecundity of the, in captivity, ii. 155. PHEASANTS, golden and Lady Amherst's, i. 275. PHEASANT-FOWLS, i. 244. PHILIPEAUX, regeneration of limbs in the salamander, ii. 376. PHILIPPAR, on the varieties of wheat, i. 314. PHILIPPINE Islands, named breeds of game fowl in the, i. 232. PHILLIPS, Mr., on bud-variation in the potato, i. 385. _Phlox_, bud-variation by suckers in, i. 384. PHTHISIS, affection of the fingers in, ii. 332. PICKERING, Mr., on the grunting voice of humped cattle, i. 79; occurrence of the head of a fowl in an ancient Egyptian procession, i. 246; seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits, ii. 168; extinction of ancient Egyptian breeds of sheep and oxen, ii. 425; on an ancient Peruvian gourd, ii. 429. PICOTEES, effect of conditions of life on, ii. 273. PICTET, A., oriental names of the pigeon, i. 205. PICTET, Prof., origin of the dog, i. 15; on fossil oxen, i. 81. PIEBALDS, probably due to reversion, ii. 37. PIGEAUX, hybrids of the hare and rabbit, ii. 99, 152. PIGEON à cravate, i. 148. PIGEON Bagadais, i. 142, 143. PIGEON coquille, i. 155. PIGEON cygne, i. 143. PIGEON heurté, i. 156. PIGEON Patu plongeur, i. 156. PIGEON Polonais, i. 144. PIGEON Romain, i. 142, 144. PIGEON tambour, i. 154. PIGEON Turc, i. 139. PIGEONS, origin of, i. 131-134, 180-204; classified table of breeds of, i. 136; pouter, i. 137-139; carrier, i. 139-142; runt, i. 142-144; barbs, i. 144-146; fantail, i. 146-148; turbit and owl, i. 148-149; tumbler, i. 150-153; Indian frill-back, i. 153; Jacobin, i. 154; trumpeter, i. 154; other breeds of, i. 155-157; differences of, equal to generic, i. 157-158; individual variations of, i. 158-160; variability of peculiarities characteristic of breeds in, i. 161; sexual variability in, i. 161-162; osteology of, i. 162-167; correlation of growth in, i. 167-171, ii. 321; young of some varieties naked when hatched, i. 170, ii. 332; effects of disuse in, i. 172-177; settling and roosting in trees, i. 181; floating in the Nile to drink, i. 181; Dovecot, i. 185-186; arguments for unity of origin of, i. 188-204; feral in various places, i. 190, ii. 33; unity of coloration in, i. 195-197; reversion of mongrel, to coloration of, _C. livia_, i. 197-202; history of the cultivation of, i. 205-207; history of the principal races of, i. 207-212; mode of production of races of, i. 212-224; reversion in, ii. 29, 47; by age, ii. 38; produced by crossing in, ii. 40, 48; prepotency of transmission of character in breeds of, ii. 66-67; sexual differences in some varieties of, ii. 74; period of perfect plumage in, ii. 77; effect of segregation on, ii. 86; preferent pairing of, within the same breed, ii. 103; fertility of, increased by domestication, ii. 112, 155; effects of interbreeding and necessity of crossing, ii. 125-126; indifference of, to change of climate, ii. 161; selection of, ii. 195, 199, 204; among the Romans, ii. 202; unconscious selection of, ii. 211, 214; facility of selection of, ii. 234; white, liable to the attacks of hawks, ii. 230; effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 298; fed upon meat, ii. 304; effect of first male upon the subsequent progeny of the female, i. 405; homology of the leg and wing feathers in, ii. 323; union of two outer toes in feather-legged, _ibid._; correlation of beak, limbs, tongue, and nostrils in, ii. 324; analogous variation in, ii. 349-350; permanence of breeds of, ii. 429. PIGS, of Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 67-68; types of, derived from _Sus scrofa_ and _Sus indica_, i. 66-67; Japanese (_Sus pliciceps_, Gray), figured, i. 69; of Pacific islands, i. 70, ii. 87; modifications, of skull in, i. 71-73; length of intestines in, i. 73, ii. 303; period of gestation of, i. 74; number of vertebræ and ribs in, i. 74; anomalous forms, i. 75-76; development of tusks and bristles in, i. 76; striped young of, i. 76-77; reversion of feral, to wild type, i. 77-78, ii. 33, 47; production and changes of breeds of, by intercrossing, i. 78; effects produced by the first male upon the subsequent progeny of the female, i. 404; two-legged race of, ii. 4; {471} polydactylism in, ii. 14; cross-reversion in, ii. 35; hybrid, wildness of, ii. 45; monstrous development of a proboscis in, ii. 57; disappearance of tusks in male under domestication, ii, 74; solid hoofed, ii. 429; crosses of, ii. 93, 95; mutual fertility of all varieties of, ii. 110; increased fertility by domestication, ii. 111; ill effects of close interbreeding in, ii. 121-122; influence of selection on, ii. 198; prejudice against certain colours in, ii. 210, 229, 336; unconscious selection of, ii. 214; black Virginian, ii. 227, 336; similarity of the best breeds of, ii. 241; change of form in, ii. 279; effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 299; ears of, ii. 301; correlations in, ii. 327; white, buck-wheat injurious to, ii. 337; tail of, grafted upon the back, ii. 369; extinction of the older races of, ii. 426. PIMENTA, ii. 91. PIMPERNEL, ii. 190. PINE-APPLE, sterility and variability of the, ii. 262. PINK, Chinese. 322. PINKS, bud-variation in, i. 381; improvement of, ii. 216. _Pinus pumilio_, _Mughus_, and _nana_, varieties of _P. sylvestris_, i. 363. _Pinus sylvestris_, i. 363, ii. 310; hybrids of, with _P. nigricans_, ii. 130. PIORRY, on hereditary disease, ii. 7, 78. _Pistacia lentiscus_, ii. 274. PISTILS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants, ii. 316. PISTOR, sterility of some mongrel pigeons, i. 192; fertility of pigeons, ii. 112. _Pisum arvense_ and _sativum_, i. 326. PITYRIASIS versicolor, inheritance of, ii. 79. PLANCHON, G., on a fossil vine, i. 332; sterility of _Jussiæa grandifiora_ in France, ii. 170. PLANE tree, variety of the, i. 362. PLANTIGRADE carnivora, general sterility of the, in captivity, ii. 151. PLANTS, progress of cultivation of, i. 305-312; cultivated, their geographical derivation, i. 311; crossing of, ii. 98, 99, 127; comparative fertility of wild and cultivated, ii. 112-113; self-impotent, ii. 131-140; dimorphic and trimorphic, ii. 132, 140; sterility of, from changed conditions, ii. 163-165; from contabescence of anthers, ii. 165-166; from monstrosities, ii. 166-167; from doubling of the flowers, ii. 167-168; from seedless fruit, ii. 168; from excessive development of vegetative organs, ii. 168-171; influence of selection on, ii. 199-201; variation by selection, in useful parts of, ii. 217-219; variability of, ii. 237; variability of, induced by crossing, ii. 265; direct action of change of climate on, ii. 277; change of period of vegetation in, ii. 304-305; varieties of, suitable to different climates, ii. 306; correlated variability of, ii. 330-331; antiquity of races of, ii. 429. PLASTICITY, inheritance of, ii. 241. PLATEAU, F., on the vision of amphibious animals, ii. 223. _Platessa flesus_, ii. 53. PLATO, notice of selection in breeding dogs by, ii. 212. PLICA polonica, ii. 276. PLINY, on the crossing of shepherd's dogs with the wolf, i. 24; on Pyrrhus' breed of cattle, ii. 202; on the estimation of pigeons among the Romans, i. 205; pears described by, ii. 215. PLUM, i. 345-347; stones figured, i. 345; varieties of the, i. 345-346, ii. 219; bud-variation in the, i. 375; peculiar disease of the, ii. 227; flower-buds of, destroyed by bullfinches, ii. 232; purple-fruited, liable to certain diseases, ii. 336. PLUMAGE, inherited peculiarities of, in pigeons, i. 160-161; sexual peculiarities of, in fowls, i. 251-255. PLURALITY of races, Pouchet's views on, i. 2. _Poa_, seeds of, used as food, i. 308; species of, propagated by bulblets, ii. 170. PODOLIAN cattle, i. 80. POINTERS, modification of, i. 42; crossed with the foxhound, ii. 95. POIS sans parchemin, ii. 231. POITEAU, origin of _Cytisus Adami_, i. 390; origin of cultivated varieties of fruit-trees, ii. 260. POLISH fowl, i. 227, 250, 254, 256-257, 262; skull figured, i. 262; section of skull figured, i. 263; development of protuberance of skull, i. 250; furcula figured, i. 268. POLISH, or Himalayan rabbit, i. 108. POLLEN, ii. 363-364; action of, ii. 108; injurious action of, in some orchids, ii. 134-135; resistance of, to injurious treatment, ii. 164; prepotency of, ii. 187. POLLOCK, Sir F., transmission of variegated leaves in _Ballota nigra_, i. 383; on local tendency to variegation, ii. 274. POLYANTHUS, ii. 21. POLYDACTYLISM, inheritance of, ii. 12-16; significance of, ii. 16-17. _Polyplectron_, i. 255. PONIES, most frequent on islands and mountains, i. 52; Javanese, i. 53. POOLE, Col., on striped Indian horses, i. 58, 59; {472} on the young of _Asinus indicus_, ii. 43. POPLAR, Lombardy, i. 361. PÖPPIG, on Cuban wild dogs, i. 27. POPPY, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317, 319; with the stamens converted into pistils, i. 365; differences of the, in different parts of India, ii. 165; monstrous, fertility of, ii. 166; black-seeded, antiquity of, ii. 429. PORCUPINE, breeding of, in captivity, ii. 152. PORCUPINE family, ii. 4, 76. _Porphyrio_, breeding of a species of, in captivity, ii. 156. PORTAL, on a peculiar hereditary affection of the eye, ii. 9. PORTO Santo, feral rabbits of, i. 112. _Potamochoerus penicillatus_, ii. 150. POTATO, i. 330-331; bud-variation by tubers in the, i. 384-385; graft-hybrid of, by union of half-tubers, i. 395; individual self-impotence in the, ii. 137; sterility of, ii. 169; advantage of change of soil to the, ii. 146; relation of tubers and flowers in the, ii. 343. POTATO, sweet, sterility of the, in China, ii. 169; varieties of the, suited to different climates, ii. 309. POUCHET, M., his views on plurality of races, i. 2. POUTER pigeons, i. 137-139; furcula figured, i. 167; history of, i. 207. POWIS, Lord, experiments in crossing humped and English cattle, i. 83, ii. 45. POYNTER, Mr., on a graft-hybrid rose, i. 396. PRAIRIE wolf, i. 22. PRECOCITY of highly-improved breeds, ii. 321. PREPOTENCY of pollen, ii. 187. PREPOTENCY of transmission of character, ii. 65, 174; in the Austrian emperors and some Roman families, ii. 65; in cattle, ii. 65-66; in sheep, ii. 66; in cats, _ibid._; in pigeons, ii. 66-67; in fowls, ii. 67; in plants, _ibid._; in a variety of the pumpkin, i. 358; in the jackal over the dog, ii. 67; in the ass over the horse, _ibid._; in the pheasant over the fowl, ii. 68; in the penguin duck over the Egyptian goose, _ibid._; discussion of the phenomena of, ii. 69-71. PRESCOTT, Mr., on the earliest known European flower-garden, ii. 217. PRESSURE, mechanical, a cause of modification, ii. 344-345. PREVOST and Dumas, on the employment of several spermatozoids to fertilise one ovule, ii. 363. PRICE, Mr., variations in the structure of the feet in horses, i. 50. PRICHARD, Dr., on polydactylism in the negro, ii. 14; on the Lambert family, ii. 77; on an albino negro, ii. 229; on Plica polonica, ii. 276. PRIMROSE, ii. 21; double, rendered single by transplantation, ii. 167. _Primula_, intercrossing of species of, i. 336; contabescence in, ii. 166; hose and hose, i. 365; with coloured calyces, sterility of, ii. 166. _Primula sinensis_, reciprocally dimorphic, ii. 132. _Primula veris_, ii. 21, 109, 182. _Primula vulgaris_, ii. 21, 109. PRINCE, Mr., on the intercrossing of strawberries, i. 352. _Procyon_, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 152. PROLIFICACY, increased by domestication, ii. 174. PROPAGATION, rapidity of, favourable to selection, ii. 297. PROTOZOA, reproduction of the, ii. 376. _Prunus armeniaca_, i. 344-345. _Prunus avium_, i. 347. _Prunus cerasus_, i. 347, 375. _Prunus domestica_, i. 345. _Prunus insititia_, i. 345-347. _Prunus spinosa_, i. 345. PRUSSIA, wild horses in, i. 60. _Psittacus erithacus_, ii. 155. _Psittacus macoa_, ii. 155. _Psophia_, general sterility of, in captivity, ii. 157. PTARMIGAN fowls, i. 228. _Pulex penetrans_, ii. 275. PUMPKINS, i. 357. PUNO ponies of the Cordillera, i. 52. PURSER, Mr. on _Cytisus Adami_, i. 389. PUSEY, Mr., preference of hares and rabbits for common rye, ii. 232. PUTSCHE and Vertuch, varieties of the potato, i. 330. PUVIS, effects of foreign pollen on apples, i. 401; supposed non-variability of monotypic genera, ii. 266. _Pyrrhula vulgaris_, ii. 232; assumption of the hen-plumage by the male, in confinement, ii. 158. PYRRHUS, his breed of cattle, ii. 202. _Pyrus_, fastigate Chinese species of, ii. 277. _Pyrus acerba_, i. 348. _Pyrus aucuparia_, ii. 230. _Pyrus communis_, i. 350, 376. _Pyrus malus_, i. 348, 376. _Pyrus paradisiaca_, i. 348. _Pyrus præcox_, i. 348.

QUAGGA, effect of fecundation by, on the subsequent progeny of a mare, i. 403-404. QUATREFAGES, A. de, on the burrowing of a bitch to litter, i. 77; {473} selection in the silkworm, i. 301; development of the wings in the silkmoth, i. 303, ii. 298; on varieties of the mulberry, i. 334; special raising of eggs of the silkmoth, ii. 197; on disease of the silkworm, ii. 228; on monstrosities in insects, ii. 269, 391; on the Anglo-Saxon race in America, ii. 276; on a change in the breeding season of the Egyptian goose, ii. 304; fertilisation of the _Teredo_, ii. 363; tendency to similarity in the best races, ii. 241; on his "_tourbillon vital_," ii. 61; on the independent existence of the sexual elements, ii. 360. _Quercus cerris_, i. 363. _Quercus robur_ and _pedunculata_, hybrids of, ii. 130. QUINCE, pears grafted on the, ii. 259.

RABBITS, domestic, their origin, i. 103-105; of Mount Sinai and Algeria, i. 105; breeds of, i. 105-111; Himalayan, Chinese, Polish, or Russian, i. 108-111, ii. 97; feral, i. 111-115; of Jamaica, i. 112; of the Falkland islands, i. 112; of Porto Santo, i. 112-115, ii. 103, 279; osteological characters of, i. 115-129; discussion of modifications in, i. 129-130; one-eared, transmission of peculiarity of, ii. 12; reversion in feral, ii. 33; in the Himalayan, ii. 41; crossing of white and coloured Angora, ii. 92; comparative fertility of wild and tame, ii. 111; high-bred, often bad breeders, ii. 121; selection of, ii. 204; white, liable to destruction, ii. 230; effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 298; skull of, affected by drooping ears, ii. 301; length of intestines in, ii. 303; correlation of ears and skull in, ii. 324-325; variations in skull of, ii. 350; periosteum of a dog producing bone in, ii. 369. RACE-HORSE, origin of, i. 54. RACES, modification and formation of, by crossing, ii. 95-99; natural and artificial, ii. 245; Pouchet's views on plurality of, i. 2; of pigeons, i. 207-212. RADISHES, i. 326; crossing of, ii. 90; varieties of, ii. 217-218. RADCLYFFE, W. F., effect of climate and soil on strawberries, i. 354; constitutional differences in roses, i. 367. RADLKOFER, retrogressive metamorphosis in mosses and algæ, ii. 361. RAFFLES, Sir Stamford, on the crossing of Javanese cattle with _Bos sondaicus_, ii. 206. RAM, goat-like, from the Cape of Good Hope, ii. 66. RANCHIN, heredity of diseases, ii. 7. RANGE of gallinaceous birds on the Himalaya, i. 237. _Ranunculus ficaria_, ii. 170. _Ranunculus repens_, ii. 168. RAPE, i. 325. _Raphanus sativus_, ii. 343. RASPBERRY, yellow-fruited, ii. 230. RATTLESNAKE, experiments with poison of the, ii. 289. RAVEN, stomach of, affected by vegetable diet, ii. 302. RAWSON, A., self-impotence in hybrids of _Gladiolus_, ii. 139-140. RÉ, Le Compte, on the assumption of a yellow colour by all varieties of maize, i. 321. RÉAUMUR, effect of confinement upon the cock, ii. 52; fertility of fowls in most climates, ii. 161. REED, Mr., atrophy of the limbs of rabbits, consequent on the destruction of their nerves, ii. 297. REGENERATION of amputated parts in man, ii. 14; in the human embryo, ii. 15; in the lower vertebrata, insects, and myriapoda, _ibid._ REINDEER, individuals recognised by the Laplanders, ii. 251. REGNIER, early cultivation of the cabbage by the Celts, i. 324. REISSEK, experiments in crossing _Cytisus purpureus_ and _laburnum_, i. 389; modification of a _Thesium_ by _Oecidium_, ii. 284. RELATIONS, characters of, reproduced in children, ii. 34. RENGGER, occurrence of jaguars with crooked legs in Paraguay, i. 17; naked dogs of Paraguay, i. 23, 31, ii. 93, 102; feral dogs of La Plata, i. 27; on the aguara, i. 26; cats of Paraguay, i. 46, ii. 86, 151; dogs of Paraguay, ii. 87; feral pigs of Buenos Ayres, i. 77; on the refusal of wild animals to breed in captivity, ii. 149; on _Dicotyles labiatus_, ii. 150; sterility of plantigrade carnivora in captivity, ii. 152; on _Cavia aperea_, ii. 152; sterility of _Cebus azaræ_ in captivity, ii. 153; abortions produced by wild animals in captivity, ii. 158. REPRODUCTION, sexual and asexual, contrasted, ii. 361; unity of forms of, ii. 383; antagonism of, to growth, ii. 384. _Reseda odorata_, ii. 237. RETINITIS, pigmentary, in deaf-mutes, ii. 328. REVERSION, ii. 28-29, 372-373, 396, 398-402; in pigeons, ii. 29; in cattle, ii. 29-30; in sheep, ii. 30; in fowls, ii. 31; in the heartsease, _ibid._; in vegetables, _ibid._; in feral animals and plants, ii. 32-34; to characters derived from a previous cross in man, dogs, pigeons, pigs, and fowls, ii. 34-35; {474} in hybrids, ii. 36; by bud-propagation in plants, ii. 36-38; by age in fowls, cattle, &c., ii. 38-39; caused by crossing, ii. 39-51; explained by latent characters, ii. 51-56; producing monstrosities, ii. 57; producing peloric flowers, ii. 58-60; of feral pigs to the wild type, i. 77-78; of supposed feral rabbits to the wild type, i. 104, 111, 115; of pigeons, in coloration, when crossed, i. 197-202; in fowls, i. 239-246; in the silkworm, i. 302; in the pansy, i. 369; in a pelargonium, i. 378; in Chrysanthemums, i. 379; of varieties of the China rose in St. Domingo, i. 380; by buds in pinks and carnations, i. 381; of laciniated varieties of trees to the normal form, i. 382; in variegated leaves of plants, i. 383-384; in tulips, i. 386; of suckers of the seedless barberry to the common form, i. 384; by buds in hybrids of _Tropæolum_, i. 392; in plants, i. 409; of crossed peloric snapdragons, ii. 71; analogous variations due to, ii. 349-351. REYNIER, selection practised by the Celts, ii. 202-203. RHINOCEROS, breeding in captivity in India, ii. 150. _Rhododendron_, hybrid, ii. 265. _Rhododendron ciliatum_, ii. 277. _Rhododendron Dalhousiæ_, effect of pollen of _R. Nuttallii_ upon, i. 400. RHUBARB, not medicinal when grown in England, ii. 274. _Ribes grossularia_, i. 354-356, 376. _Ribes rubrum_, i. 376. RIBS, number and characters of, in fowls, i. 267; characters of, in ducks, i. 283-284. RICE, Imperial, of China, ii. 205; Indian varieties of, ii. 256; variety of, not requiring water, ii. 305. RICHARDSON, H. D., on jaw-appendages in Irish pigs, i. 76; management of pigs in China, i. 68; occurrence of striped young in Westphalian pigs, i. 76; on crossing pigs, ii. 95; on interbreeding pigs, ii. 122; on selection in pigs, ii. 194. RICHARDSON, Sir John, observations on the resemblance between North American dogs and wolves, i. 21-22; on the burrowing of wolves, i. 27; on the broad feet of dogs, wolves, and foxes in North America, i. 40; on North American horses scraping away the snow, i. 53. _Ricinus_, annual in England, ii. 305. RIEDEL, on the "Bagadotte" pigeon, i. 141; on the Jacobin pigeon, i. 154; fertility of hybrid pigeons, i. 192. RINDERPEST, ii. 378. RISSO, on varieties of the orange, i. 336, ii. 308, 331. RIVERS, Lord, on the selection of greyhounds, ii. 235. RIVERS, Mr., persistency of characters in seedling potatoes, i. 331; on the peach, i. 338, 339; persistency of races in the peach and nectarine, i. 339, 340; connexion between the peach and the nectarine, i. 340; persistency of character in seedling apricots, i. 344; origin of the plum, i. 345; seedling varieties of the plum, i. 346; persistency of character in seedling plums, i. 347; bud-variation in the plum, i. 375; plum, attacked by bullfinches, ii. 232; seedling apples with surface-roots, i. 349; variety of the apple found in a wood, ii. 260; on roses, i. 366-367; bud-variation in roses, i. 379-381; production of Provence roses from seeds of the moss-rose, i. 380; effect produced by grafting on the stock in jessamine, i. 394; in the ash, i. 394; on grafted hazels, i. 395; hybridisation of a weeping thorn, ii. 18; experiments with the seed of the weeping elm and ash, ii. 19; variety of the cherry with curled petals, ii. 232. RIVIÈRE, reproduction of _Oncidium Cavendishianum_, ii. 133. ROBERTS, Mr., on inheritance in the horse, ii. 10. ROBERTSON, Mr., on glandular-leaved peaches, i. 343. ROBINET, on the silkworm, i. 301-304, ii. 197. _Robinia_, ii. 274. ROBSON, Mr., deficiencies of half-bred horses, ii. 11. ROBSON, Mr., on the advantage of change of soil to plants, ii. 146-147; on the growth of the verbena, ii. 273; on broccoli, ii. 310. ROCK pigeon, measurements of the, i. 134; figured, i. 135. RODENTS, sterility of, in captivity, ii. 152. _Rodriguezia_, ii. 134, 135. RODWELL, J., poisoning of horses by mildewed tares, ii. 337. ROHILCUND, feral humped cattle in, i. 79. ROLLE, F., on the history of the peach, ii. 308. ROLLER-PIGEONS, Dutch, i. 151. ROLLESTON, Prof., incisor teeth affected in form in cases of pulmonary tubercle, ii. 332. ROMANS, estimation of pigeons by, i. 205; breeds of fowls possessed by, i. 231, 247. {475} ROOKS, pied, ii. 77. _Rosa_, cultivated species of, i. 366. _Rosa devoniensis_, graft-hybrid produced by, on the white Banksian rose, i. 396. _Rosa indica_ and _centifolia_, fertile hybrids of, i. 366. _Rosa spinosissima_, history of the culture of, i. 367. ROSELLINI, on Egyptian dogs, i. 17. ROSES, i. 366-367; origin of, i. 364; bud-variation in, i. 379-381; Scotch, doubled by selection, ii. 200; continuous variation of, ii. 241; effect of seasonal conditions on, ii. 273; noisette, ii. 308; galls of, ii. 284. ROUENNAIS rabbit, i. 105. ROULIN, on the dogs of Juan Fernandez, i. 27; on South American cats, i. 46; striped young pigs, i. 77; feral pigs in South America, i. 78, ii. 33; on Columbian cattle, i. 88, ii. 205, 226; effects of heat on the hides of cattle in South America, i. 92; fleece of sheep in the hot valleys of the Cordilleras, i. 98; diminished fertility of these sheep, ii. 161; on black-boned South American fowls, i. 258; variation of the guinea-fowl in tropical America, i. 294; frequency of striped legs in mules, ii. 42; geese in Bogota, ii. 161; sterility of fowls introduced into Bolivia, ii. 162. ROY, M., on a variety of _Magnolia grandiflora_, ii. 308. ROYLE, Dr., Indian varieties of the mulberry, i. 334; on _Agave vivipara_, ii. 169; variety of rice not requiring irrigation, ii. 305; sheep from the Cape in India, ii. 306. _Rubus_, pollen of, ii. 268. RUDIMENTARY organs, i. 12, ii. 315-318. RUFZ de Lavison, extinction of breeds of dogs in France, ii. 425. RUMINANTS, general fertility of, in captivity, ii. 150. RUMPLESS fowls, i. 230. RUNTS, i. 142-144; history of, i. 210; lower jaws and skull figured, i. 164-165. RUSSIAN or Himalayan rabbit, i. 108. RÜTIMEYER, Prof., dogs of the Neolithic period, i. 19; horses of Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 49; diversity of early domesticated horses i. 51; pigs of the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 65, 67-68; on humped cattle, i. 80; parentage of European breeds of cattle, i. 80, 81, ii. 427; on "Niata" cattle, i. 89; sheep of the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 94, ii. 427; goats of the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 101; absence of fowls in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 246; on crossing cattle, ii. 98; differences in the bones of wild and domesticated animals, ii. 279; decrease in size of wild European animals, ii. 427. RYE, wild, De Candolle's observations on, i. 313; found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 319; common, preferred by hares and rabbits, ii. 232; less variable than other cultivated plants, ii. 254.

SABINE, Mr., on the cultivation of _Rosa spinosissima_, i. 367; on the cultivation of the dahlia, i. 369-370, ii. 261; effect of foreign pollen on the seed-vessel in _Amaryllis vittata_, i. 400. ST. ANGE, influence of the pelvis on the shape of the kidneys in birds, ii. 344. ST. DOMINGO, wild dogs of, i. 28; bud-variation of dahlias in, i. 385. ST. HILAIRE, Aug., milk furnished by cows in South America, ii. 300; husked form of maize, i. 320. ST. JOHN, C., feral cats in Scotland, i. 47; taming of wild ducks, i. 278. ST. VALERY apple, singular structure of the, i. 350; artificial fecundation of the, i. 401. ST. VITUS' Dance, period of appearance of, ii. 77. SAGERET, origin and varieties of the cherry, i. 347-348; origin of varieties of the apple, i. 350; incapacity of the cucumber for crossing with other species, i. 359; varieties of the melon, i. 360; supposed twin-mongrel melon, i. 391; crossing melons, ii. 108, 129; on gourds, ii. 108; effects of selection in enlarging fruit, ii. 217; on the tendency to depart from type, ii. 241; variation of plants in particular soils, ii. 278. SALAMANDER, experiments on the, ii. 293, 341; regeneration of lost parts in the, ii. 15, 376, 385. _Salamandra cristata_, polydactylism in, ii. 14. SALISBURY, Mr., on the production of nectarines by peach-trees, i. 341; on the dahlia, i. 369-370. _Salix_, intercrossing of species of, i. 336. _Salix humilis_, galls of, ii. 282, 283. SALLÉ, feral guinea-fowl in St. Domingo, i. 294. SALMON, early breeding of male, ii. 384. SALTER, Mr., on bud-variation in pelargoniums, i. 378; in the Chrysanthemum, i. 379; transmission of variegated leaves by seed, i. 383; bud-variation by suckers in _Phlox_, i. 384; application of selection to bud-varieties of plants, i. 411; accumulative effect of changed conditions of life, ii. 262; on the variegation of strawberry leaves, ii. 274. SALTER, S. J., hybrids of _Gallus Sonneratii_ and the common fowl, i. 234, ii. 45; {476} crossing of races or species of rats, ii. 87-88. SAMESREUTHER, on inheritance in cattle, ii. 10. SANDFORD. _See_ DAWKINS. SAP, ascent of the, ii. 296. _Saponaria calabrica_, ii. 20. SARDINIA, ponies of, i. 52. SARS, on the development of the hydroida, ii. 368. SATIATION of the stigma, i. 402-403. _Saturnia pyri_, sterility of, in confinement, ii. 157. SAUL, on the management of prize gooseberries, i. 356. SAUVIGNY, varieties of the goldfish, i. 296. SAVAGES, their indiscriminate use of plants as food, i. 307-310; fondness of, for taming animals, ii. 160. SAVI, effect of foreign pollen on maize, i. 400. _Saxifraga geum_, ii. 166. SAYZID MOHAMMED MUSARI, on carrier-pigeons, i. 141; on a pigeon which utters the sound "Yahu," i. 155. SCANDEROONS (pigeons), i. 142, 143. SCANIA, remains of _Bos frontosus_ found in, i. 81. SCAPULA, characters of, in rabbits, i. 123; in fowls, i. 268; in pigeons, i. 167; alteration of, by disuse, in pigeons, i. 175. SCARLET fever, ii. 276. SCHAAFFHAUSEN, on the horses represented in Greek statues, ii. 213. SCHACHT, H., on adventitious buds, ii. 384. SCHLEIDEN, excess of nourishment a cause of variability, ii. 257. SCHOMBURGK, Sir R., on the dogs of the Indians of Guiana, i. 19, 23, ii. 206; on the musk duck, i. 182; bud-variation in the Banana, i. 377; reversion of varieties of the China rose in St. Domingo, i. 380; sterility of tame parrots in Guiana, ii. 155; on _Dendrocygna viduata_, ii. 157; selection of fowls in Guiana, ii. 209. SCHREIBERS, on _Proteus_, ii. 297. _Sciuropterus volucella_, ii. 152. _Sciurus palmarum_ and _cinerea_, ii. 152. SCLATER, P. L., on _Asinus tæniopus_, i. 62, ii. 41; on _Asinus indicus_, ii. 42; striped character of young wild pigs, i. 70; osteology of _Gallinula nesiotis_, i. 287; on the black-shouldered peacock, i. 290; on the breeding of birds in captivity, ii. 157. SCHMERLING, Dr., varieties of the dog, found in a cave, i. 19. SCOTCH fir, local variation of, i. 363. SCOTCH kail and cabbage, cross between, ii. 98. SCOTT, John, irregularities in the sex of the flowers of Maize, i. 321; bud-variation in _Imatophyllum miniatum_, i. 385; crossing of species of _Verbascum_, ii. 106-107; experiments on crossing _Primulæ_, ii. 109; reproduction of orchids, ii. 133; fertility of _Oncidium divaricatum_, ii. 164; acclimatisation of the sweet pea in India, ii. 311; number of seeds in _Acropera_ and _Gongora_, ii. 379. SCOTT, Sir W., former range of wild cattle in Britain, i. 85. SCROPE, on the Scotch deerhound, ii. 73, 121. SEBRIGHT, Sir John, effects of close interbreeding in dogs, ii. 121; care taken by, in selection of fowls, ii. 197. _Secale cereale_, ii. 254. SEDGWICK, W., effects of crossing on the female, i. 404; on the "Porcupine-man," ii. 4; on hereditary diseases, ii. 7; hereditary affections of the eye, ii. 9, 78-79; inheritance of polydactylism and anomalies of the extremities, ii. 13-14; morbid uniformity in the same family, ii. 17; on deaf-mutes, ii. 22; inheritance of injury to the eye, ii. 24; atavism in diseases and anomalies of structure, ii. 34; non-reversion to night-blindness, ii. 36; sexual limitation of the transmission of peculiarities in man, ii. 72-73; on the effects of hard-drinking, ii. 289; inherited baldness with deficiency of teeth, ii. 326-327; occurrence of a molar tooth in place of an incisor, ii. 391; diseases occurring in alternate generations, ii. 401. SEDILLOT, on the removal of portions of bone, ii. 296. SEEDS, early selection of, ii. 204; rudimentary, in grapes, ii. 316; relative position of, in the capsule, ii. 345. SEEDS and buds, close analogies of, i. 411. SEEMANN, B., crossing of the wolf and Esquimaux dog, i. 22. SELBY, P. J., on the bud-destroying habits of the bullfinch, ii. 232. SELECTION, ii. 192-249; methodical, i. 214, ii. 194-210; by the ancients and semi-civilised people, ii. 201-210; of trifling characters, ii. 208-210; unconscious, i. 214, 217, ii. 174, 210-217; effects of, shown by differences in most valued parts, ii. 217-220; produced by accumulation of variability, ii. 220-223; natural, as affecting domestic productions, ii. 185-189, 224-233; as the origin of species, genera and other groups, ii. 429-432; circumstances favourable to, ii. 233-239; tendency of towards extremes, ii. 239-242; {477} possible limit of, ii. 242; influence of time on, ii. 243-244; summary of subject, ii. 246-249; effects of, in modifying breeds of cattle, i. 92, 93; in preserving the purity of breeds of sheep, i. 99-100; in producing varieties of pigeons, i. 213-218; in breeding fowls, i. 232-233; in the goose, i. 289; in the canary, i. 295; in the goldfish, i. 296; in the silkworm, i. 300-301; contrasted in cabbages and cereals, i. 323; in the white mulberry, i. 334; on gooseberries, i. 356; applied to wheat, i. 317-318; exemplified in carrots, &c., i. 326; in the potato, i. 331; in the melon, i. 360; in flowering plants, i. 365; in the hyacinth, i. 371; applied to bud-varieties of plants, i. 411; illustrations of, ii. 421-428. SELECTION, sexual, ii. 75. SELF-IMPOTENCE in plants, ii. 131-140; in individual plants, ii. 136-138; of hybrids, ii. 174. SELWYN, Mr., on the Dingo, i. 26. SELYS-LONGCHAMPS, on hybrid ducks, i. 190, ii. 46, 157; hybrid of the hook-billed duck and Egyptian goose, i. 282. SERINGE, on the St. Valery apple, i. 350. SERPENT Melon, i. 360. SERRES, Olivier de, wild poultry in Guiana, i. 237. SESAMUM, white-seeded, antiquity of the, ii. 429. _Setaria_, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, i. 317. SETTERS, degeneration of, in India, i. 38; Youatt's remarks on, i. 41. SEX, secondary characters of, latent, ii. 51-52; of parents, influence of, on hybrids, ii. 267. SEXUAL characters, sometimes lost in domestication, ii. 74. SEXUAL limitation of characters, ii. 71-75. SEXUAL peculiarities, induced by domestication in sheep, i. 95; in fowls, i. 251-257; transfer of, i. 255-257. SEXUAL variability in pigeons, i. 161-162. SEXUAL selection, ii. 75. SHADDOCK, i. 335. SHAILER, Mr., on the moss-rose, i. 379-380. SHANGHAI fowls, i. 227. SHANGHAI sheep, their fecundity, i. 97. SHAN ponies, striped, i. 58. SHEEP, disputed origin of, i. 94; early domestication of, i. 94; large-tailed, i. 94, 95, 98, ii. 279; variations in horns, mammæ and other characters of, i. 95; sexual characters of, induced by domestication, i. 95, 96; adaptation of, to climate and pasture, i. 96, 97; periods of gestation of, i. 97; effect of heat on the fleece of, i. 98-99, ii. 278; effect of selection on, i. 99-101; "ancon" or "otter" breeds of, i. 17, 92, 100; "Mauchamp-merino," i. 100-101; cross of German and merino, ii. 85-89; black, of the Tarentino, ii. 227; Karakool, ii. 278; Jaffna, with callosities on the knees, ii. 302; Chinese, ii. 315; Danish, of the bronze period, ii. 427; polydactylism in, ii. 14; occasional production of horns in hornless breeds of, ii. 30; reversion of colour in, ii. 30; influence of male, on offspring, ii. 68; sexual differences in, ii. 73; influence of crossing or segregation on, ii. 86, 95-96, 102-103; interbreeding of, ii. 119-120; effect of nourishment on the fertility of, ii. 111-112; diminished fertility of, under certain conditions, ii. 161; unconscious selection of, ii. 213; natural selection in breeds of, ii. 224, 225, 227; reduction of bones in, ii. 242; individual differences of, ii. 251; local changes in the fleece of, in England, ii. 278; partial degeneration of, in Australia, ii. 278; with numerous horns, ii. 291; correlation of horns and fleece in, ii. 326; feeding on flesh, ii. 303; acclimatisation of, ii. 305-306; mountain, resistance of, to severe weather, ii. 312; white, poisoned by _Hypericum crispum_, ii. 337. SHEEP dogs resembling wolves, i. 24. SHELLS, sinistral and dextral, ii. 53. SHERIFF, Mr. new varieties of wheat, i. 315, 317; on crossing wheat, ii. 104-105; continuous variation of wheat, ii. 241. SIAM, cats of, i. 47; horses of, i. 53. SHIRLEY, E. P., on the fallow-deer, ii. 103, 120. SHORT, D., hybrids of the domestic cat and _Felis ornata_, i, 45. SIBERIA, northern range of wild horses in, i. 52. SICHEL, J., on the deafness of white cats with blue eyes, ii. 329. SIDNEY, S., on the pedigrees of pigs, ii. 3; on cross-reversion in pigs, ii. 35; period of gestation in the pig, i. 74; production of breeds of pigs by intercrossing, i. 78, 95; fertility of the pig, ii. 112; effects of interbreeding on pigs, ii. 121-122; on the colours of pigs, ii. 210, 229. SIEBOLD, on the sweet potato, ii. 309. SIEBOLD, von Carl, on parthenogenesis, ii. 364. _Silene_, contabescence in, ii. 166. SILK-FOWLS, i. 230, ii. 67, 69. {478} SILK-MOTH, Arrindy, ii. 306, 312; Tarroo, ii. 157. SILK-MOTHS, i. 300-304; domesticated species of, i. 300; history of, _ibid._; causes of modification in, i. 300-301; differences presented by, i. 301-304; crossing of, ii. 98; disease in, ii. 228; effects of disuse of parts in, ii. 298; selection practised with, ii. 197, 199; variation of, ii. 236; parthenogenesis in, ii. 364. SILKWORMS, variations of, i. 301-302; yielding white cocoons, less liable to disease, ii. 336. SILVER-GREY rabbit, i. 108, 111, 120. SIMONDS, J. B., period of maturity in various breeds of cattle, i. 87; differences in the periods of dentition in sheep, i. 96; on the teeth in cattle, sheep, &c., ii. 322; on the breeding of superior rams, ii. 196. SIMON, on the raising of eggs of the silk-moth in China, ii. 197. SIMPSON, Sir J., regenerative power of the human embryo, ii. 15. _Siredon_, breeding in the branchiferous stage, ii. 384. SISKIN, breeding in captivity, ii. 154. _Sivatherium_, resemblance of the, to Niata cattle, i. 89. SIZE, difference of, an obstacle to crossing, ii. 101. SKIN, and its appendages, homologous, ii. 325; hereditary affections of the, ii. 79. SKIRVING, R. S., on pigeons settling on trees in Egypt, i. 181. SKULL, characters of the, in breeds of dogs, i. 34; in breeds of pigs, i. 71; in rabbits, i. 116-120, 127; in breeds of pigeons, i. 163-165; in breeds of fowls, i. 260-266; in ducks, i. 282-283. SKULL and horns, correlation of the, ii. 333. SKYLARK, ii. 154. SLEEMAN, on the Cheetah, ii. 151. SLOE, i. 345. SMALL-POX, ii. 378. SMITER (pigeon), i. 156. SMITH, Sir A., on Caffrarian cattle, i. 88; on the use of numerous plants as food in South Africa, i. 307. SMITH, Colonel Hamilton, on the odour of the jackal, i. 30; on the origin of the dog, i. 16; wild dogs in St. Domingo, i. 28; on the Thibet mastiff and the alco, i. 28-29; development of the fifth toe in the hind feet of mastiffs, i. 35; differences in the skull of dogs, i. 34; history of the pointer, i. 42; on the ears of the dog, ii. 301; on the breeds of horses, i. 49; origin of the horse, i. 51; dappling of horses, i. 55; striped horses in Spain, i. 58; original colour of the horse, i. 60; on horses scraping away snow, i. 52; on _Asinus hemionus_, ii. 43; feral pigs of Jamaica, i. 77-78. SMITH, Sir J. E., production of nectarines and peaches by the same tree,