Chapter 158

on the titles Khan, Khatun, etc., _10_; on horn horse-shoes, i. 177n; earliest mention of name Mongol in Oriental works, 294n; Mongol storm-dispellers, 310n; charge of cannibalism against Tibetans, 312n; on Bönbo Lamas, 325n; Tablets (_hu_), 354n; mechanical contrivances at E. Court, 385n; Mongol etiquette, 393n; Chinese leather-money, 429n; Mongol post-stations, 437n; pocket-spitoons, 462n; from Peking to Si-ngan fu, ii. 5n; descent of Yellow River, 23n; road between T’ung-kwan and Si-ngan fu, 27n; two famous Uigur Nestorians, 28n; on the word Salar, 29n; on the Hui-hui sects, 30n; on the Alans, 180n; on branch of Volga Bulgars, 489n Rofia palm _(sagus ruffia_), ii. 597n _Roiaus dereusse_(?), ii. 395n Rome, the Sudarium at, i. 213 _Rondes_, ingenious but futile explanation of, i. 410n _Rook_, in Chess, ii. 419n Rori-Bakkar, Sepoy name for Upper Sind, i. 86n Rosaries, Hindu, ii. 338, 347n Rostof and Susdal, Andrew, Grand Duke of, i. 7n Roth, H. Ling, on _couvade_, ii. 596n Rouble, ii. 488n Roxana, daughter of Darius, wife of Alexander, i. 151, 152n, 157 Roze de l’Açur, i. 370n Rubies, Balas, _5_, i. 157, 161n; of Ceylon, ii. 313, 315n; of Adam’s Peak, 316n Rubruquis, or Rubruc, Friar William de, _15_, _104_, _132_, i. 57n, 65n, 227n, 230n, 239n, 242n, 253n, 264n, 278n, 308n, 309n, 354n, 384n, 385n, 389n, 426n, 437n Ruby mines in Badakhshan, i. 161n Ruc (Rukh), or Gryphon, bird called, described, ii. 412–413; its feathers and quills, 413, 420n, 596n–598n; wide diffusion and various forms of fable, 415n; eggs of the Aepyornis, 416n; Fra Mauro’s story, 417n; genus of that bird, condor, 417n, 420n; discovery of bones of _Harpagornis_ in New Zealand, 418n; Sindbad, Rabbi Benjamin, romance of Duke Ernest, 418n; Ibn Batuta’s sight of Ruc, 419n; rook in chess, 419n; various notices of, 420n–421n Rúdbár-i-Laṣṣ, Robbers’ River, i. 114n —— (Reobarles), district and River, i. 97, 109, 111n, 114n Rudder, single, noted by Polo as peculiar, i. 108; double, used in Mediterranean, 117n Rúdkhánah-i-Duzdi (Robbers’ River), i. 114n Rúdkhánah-i-Shor (Salt River), i. 111n Rudra Deva, King of Telingana, ii. 362n Rudrama Devi, Queen of Telingana, ii. 362n Rukh, Shah, i. 86n, 191n, 211n, 218n, 392n, 396n Ruknuddin, Mahmud, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n —— Masa’úd, i. 120n —— Khurshah, son of Alaodin, Prince of the Ismaelites, i. 146n Rúm, i. 44n Runiz, i. 86n Ruomedam-Ahomet, King of Hormuz, i. 110, 121n Rupen, Bagratid, founder of Armenian State in Cilicia, i. 42n Rupert, Prince, ii. 486n Rüppell’s Table of Abyssinian kings, ii. 435n Russia (Rosia), annexes Georgia, i. 53n, ii. 486; great cold, Arab accounts of, 487; silver mines, 488n; subject to Tartars, 489n; conquered by Batu, 489n —— leather, i. 6n, 394, 395n; clothes of, 295n Russians, trusty lieges of king, ii. 348n Rusták, i. 173n Rusticiano of Pisa, introduces himself in prologue, i. 1, 141n, 263n; writes down Polo’s book, _52_, _55_ _seqq._, _84_, _112_; extracts and character of his compilation, _61_ _seqq._, _143_; his real name, _61_; his other writings, _89_ Ruysch’s map, _135_

Saadi, i. 85n Saba (Sava, Savah), city of the Magi, i. 78, 80, 81n Sabaste, _see_ Sivas Sable, its costliness, i. 405, 409n–410n, ii. 479, 481, 484, 486n, 487 Sabreddin, ii. 437n Sabzawur, i. 150n Sachiu (Sha-chau), i. 203, 206n Sacrifices of people of Tangut, i. 204 —— human, i. 208n, ii. 303n _Sadd-i-Iskandar_, rampart of Alexander, i. 53n, 54n, 57n Saffron, fruit-serving purposes of, ii. 225, 226n Sagacity of sledge-dogs, ii. 483n Sagamon Borcan, _see_ Sakya Muni Buddha Sagatu, general of Kúblái’s, ii. 267, 270n Saggio (⅙ oz.), i. 350, 353n, ii. 54, 57n, 76, 215, 216, 217n, 339, 347n, 592n Sago, ii. 300, 304n, 305n Saianfu, _see_ Siang-yang-fu Saif Arad, king of Abyssinia, ii. 437n Saifuddin Nazrat, ruler of Hormuz, i. 120n Saimur (Chaul), ii. 367n Sain Khan (or Batu), ii. 490, 491 St. Anno of Cologne, i. 130n St. Barlaam and St. Josafat, story of a Buddhist christianised, ii. 323n _seqq._ St. Barsauma (Barsamo, Brassamus), and monastery of, i. 77 St. Blasius (Blaise), Church at Sivas, i. 43, 45n St. Brandon, ii. 312n St. Buddha! ii. 325n _seqq._ St. Epiphanius, ii. 362n St. George, Church of, in Sivas, i. 45n; at Quilon, ii. 377n St. Helena, i. 58n St. James’ Shrine, Gallicia, ii. 319 St. John the Baptist, Church of, in Samarkand, i. 185 —— Major Oliver, i. 57n, 92n, 96n, 105n, 112n, 114n, 120n St. Leonard’s Convent in Georgia, and the fish miracle, i. 52, 58n St. Lewis, i. 27n, 47n, 67n, 87n; his campaign on the Nile, ii. 165n, 593n St. Martin, Vivien de, Map, i. 164n, 192n St. Mary’s Island, Madagascar, ii. 414n St. Matthew, Monastery near Mosul, i. 61n St. Matthew’s Gospel, story of the Magi, i. 82n St. Nina, i. 58n St. Sabba’s at Acre, _42_ St. Thomas, the Apostle, ii. 321n, 323n, 325n; his shrine in India, 341, 353, 355n; his murderers, and their hereditary curse, 350n; reverenced by Saracens and heathen, 353; miracles in India, 354, 356n; story of his death, 355, 357n; tradition of his preaching in India, 356n; translation of remains to Edessa, 357n; King Gondopharus of legend a real king, 357n; Roman Martyrology, 357n; the localities, 358n; alleged discovery of reliques, 358n _seqq._; the Cross, 358n; church ascribed to, 378n; in Abyssinia, 427 St. Thomas’s Isle, ii. 403n —— Mounts, ii. 358n Saker falcons, i. 158, 162n, 223, ii. 50 Sakta doctrines, i. 323n Sakya Muni (Sagamon Borcan) Buddha, i. 164n, 324n, 348n, ii. 265n, 308n; death of, i. 170n; recumbent figures of, 219, 221n; story of, ii. 316 _seqq._; his footmark on Adam’s Peak, 321n; Alms dish, Holy Grail, 328n–330n; tooth relique, 319–320, 330n Salamander, the, i. 213, 216n Salar (Ho-chau), ii. 29n Salem, dragoman, explores Rampart of Gog, i. 57n Salghur, Atabegs of Fars, i. 85n, 121n Sálih, Malik, son of Badruddín Lúlú, i. 61n Salsette Island, ii. 325n, 396n Salt, H., his version of Abyssinian chronology, ii. 435n —— rock, in Badakhshan, i. 153, 154n; used for currency, ii. 45, 54, 57n; extracted from deep wells, 58n, 66, 76n; in Carajan province, 66, 76n; manufactured in Eastern China, 133; manufacture, revenue and traffic in, 152, 153, 155n, 215, 216, 217n; trade on the Kiang, 171; junks employed therein, 174n —— stream, i. 124n Salwen River, or Lu-Kiang, i. 323n Samagar, ii. 471, 474n Samána, ii. 427n Samara, kingdom of, _see_ Sumatra Samarkand (Samarcan), i. 57n, 62n, ii. 458, 462; story of a miracle at, i. 183, 186n; colony near Peking from, 291n Sampson, Theos., on grapes in China, ii. 16n _Sámsúnji Báshi_, i. 401n Samudra, _see_ Sumatra Samuel, his alleged tomb at Sávah, i. 81n San Giovanni Grisostomo, parish in Venice where the Ca’ Polo was, _4_, _26_, _53_, _70_, _71_, _76_; theatre, _28_ San Lorenzo, Venice, burial place of Marco and his father, _7_, _71_, _74_ Sandu, _see_ Chandu Ṣanf, _see_ Champa Sangín, Sangkan River, ii. 5n, 6n Sanglich, dialect of, i. 160n Sang-Miau, tribe of Kwei-chau, ii. 82n Sangon, the Title (Tsiang-kiun), ii. 136, 138n Sanitary effects of Mountain air, i. 158 Sanjar, sovereigns of Persia, i. 233n Sankin Hoto, Dalai, i. 215n Sanuto of Torcelli, Marino, _118_, i. 17n, 23n, 24n, 42n, 59n, 67n, 77n, 144n; his World Map, _133_; on long range, ii. 166n Sappan wood, _see_ Brazil Sapta-Shaila, ii. 386n Sapurgan (Sabúrḳán, Shabúrḳán, Shibrgán), i. 149, 150n _Saputa_, _Sçue_, peculiar use of, i. 437n Saracanco (Saraichik), on the Yaik, i. 6n Saracens, _see_ Mahomedans Sarai (Sara), capital of Kipchak, i. 4; city and its remains, 5n; perhaps occupied successive sites, 6n —— Sea of (Caspian), i. 59n, ii. 494 _Sáras_, crane (_grus Antigone_), i. 297n Saratov, i. 9n Sarbizan Pass, i. 113n Sardines, ii. 444n Sárdú Pass, i. 113n Sarghalan River, i. 156n Sărha, Port of Sumatra, ii. 294n Sarhadd River, i. 175n Sar-i-kol, Lakes, i. 163n, 172n Sarsati, ii. 427n Sartak, the Great Khan’s ambassador to Hulákú, i. 10n, 14n Sassanian dynasty, i. 61n Sati, _see_ Suttee Satin, probable origin of word, ii. 241n _Saum_, _Sommo_, silver ingots used in Kipchak, ii. 488n; apparently the original rouble, 488n _Sauromatae_, ii. 466n Sávah (Saba), i. 78, 80, 81n Savast (Siwas), i. 43, 44n Scanderoon, Gulf of, i. 16n Scasem, i. 156n Scherani, bandits, i. 101n Schiltberger, Hans, i. 131n Schindler, General Houtum-, i. 89n, 96n, 99n, 100n, 105n, 106n, 112n–115n, 122n, 126n, 308n, 310n, 314n Schlegel, Dr. G., i. 342n, 437n, 441n, ii. 281n, 596n Schmidt, Professor I. J., i. 201n, 294n Schönborn, Carl, ii. 601n Schuyler, Eugene, i. 54n Scidmore, Miss E., on the Tide, ii. 209n Scotra, _see_ Socotra Sea of Chin, ii. 264, 265, 266n, 270n —— England, ii. 265 —— Ghel, or Ghelan, i. 52 —— India, i. 35, 63, 108, 166, ii. 265, 424 —— Rochelle, ii. 265 —— Sarain, i. 59, ii. 494 Seal, Imperial, i. 366, 424 Sebaste, _see_ Sivas Sebourc, Bauduin de, _see_ _Bauduin de Sebourc_ Sees of Latin Church, i. 186n, ii. 237n, 377n —— Nestorian Church, i. 91n, 183n, 186n, 207n, 211n Sefavíehs, the, i. 90n Seilan, _see_ Ceylon Self-decapitation, ii. 349n Selitrennoyé Gorodok (Saltpetre Town), i. 5n, 6n Seljukian dynasty, i. 44n —— Turks, i. 91n _Selles, chevaux à deux_, the phrase, ii. 440n Semal tree, ii. 394n Semedo, ii. 211n Semenat, _see_ Somnath Sempad, Prince, High Constable of Armenia, i. 186n, 352n Sendal, a silk texture, ii. 10n, 37, 132, 182, 390, 464 _Sendaus_, generally Taffetas, ii. 10n Sendemain, king of Seilan, ii. 313 Seneca, _Epistles_, i. 14n Senecherim, king of Armenia, i. 45n Seni, Verzino, ii. 380n _Senshing_, i. 332n Sensin, ascetics, devotees living on bran, i. 303, 321n–327n Sentemur, ii. 98 Sepulchre of Adam, _see_ Adam’s Sepulchre —— of our Lord, i. 19; oil from, 14, 19, 26 Serano, Juan de, ii. 295n Serazi (Shíráz), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 85n Serendib, ii. 314n _Seres_, _Sinae_, _12_; their tree wool, ii. 137n; ancient character of the, 211n Serpents, great, _i.e._ alligators, ii. 76 _seqq._, 81n, 360 Sertorius, ii. 348n Sesamé, i. 158, 162n, ii. 431 _Sesnes_, mediæval form of _cygnes_, _cigni_, i. 297n _Seta Ghella_, _seta Leggi_ (Ghellé), silk, i. 59n Seth’s mission to Paradise, i. 136n Sevan Lake, i. 58n Seven Arts, the, i. 13, 14n Severtsof, shoots the _Ovis Poli_, i. 175n, 177n; on the name Bolor, 179n Seyyed Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar, ii. 420n Shabánkára, or Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n–86n Shabar, son of Kaidu, ii. 459n Sha-chau (Sachin), “Sand-district,” i. 203, 206n Shadow, augury from length of, ii. 364 Sháh Abbás, i. 310n; his Court, 385n —— Jahan, i. 168n Shahr-i-Babek, turquoise mine at, i. 92n Shahr-i-Nao (Siam), ii. 279n Shahr Mandi, or Pandi, ii. 333n Shah Werdy, last of the Kurshid dynasty, i. 85n Shaibani Khan, ii. 481n _Shaikh-ul-Jibal_, i. 142n, 144n, 145n Shaikhs (Esheks), in Madagascar, ii. 411, 413n Shakespeare, on relation of gold to silver, ii. 95n Sháliát, ii. 440n Shamanism, i. 257n, 315n, 324n, 325n, ii. 97n. (_See_ also Devil-Dancing.) Shampath, ancestor of Georgian kings, i. 52n Shamsuddin Shamatrani, ii. 303n Shamuthera, _see_ Sumatra Shan (Laotian, or _Thai_), ii. 74n, 90n, 96n, 113n, 278n —— race and country, ii. 117n, 128n —— dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. 73n, 79n —— ponies, ii. 82n —— state of Pong, _see_ Pong Shanars of Tinnevelly, ii. 97n; their devil-worship, 359n Shang-hai, ii. 238n Shangking-Fungking, i. 345n Shangtu, Shangdu (Chandu), i. 25n; Kúblái’s City and Summer Palace, 298, 304n; Dr. Bushell’s description of, 304n; Kúblái’s annual visit to, 308n, 410 Shangtu Keibung, i. 306n, 308n Shan-hai-kwan, i. 407n Shankárah, Shabankára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n Shan-si, ii. 12n, 14n, 15n, 23n, 25n, 32n, 135n, 143n, 167n Shan-tung, ii. 137n, 141n, 143n; silk in, 136, 137n; pears from, 210n Shao-hing-fu, ii. 220n–222n Shao-ling, pariah caste of, ii. 228n Sharakhs, i. 149n Shara-ul-buks (Forest of box on the Black Sea), i. 57n Sharks and shark charmers, ii. 332–337n Shauls, or Shúls, the, i. 85n, 87n Shawánkára (Soncara), i. 83, 85n, 86n Shaw, R. B., i. 169n, 178n, 195n, 276n, 315n, ii. 16n Shawls of Kerman, i. 96n Sheep, fat-tailed in Kerman, i. 97, 100n —— four-horned at Shehr, ii. 443, 494n —— large Indian, ii. 361 —— none in Manzi, ii. 219 —— of Pamir (_Ovis Poli_), i. 171, 176n —— wild, of Badakhshan (Kachkar, _Ovis Vignei_), i. 158, 162n —— with trucks behind, 100n —— Zanghibar, ii. 422, 424n Sheep’s head given to horses, ii. 351n Shehr, or Shihr, _see_ Esher Shehrizor (Kerkuk), i. 62n Shenrabs, i. 324n Shen-si, ii. 23n, 25n, 26n, 31n, 32n, 167n, 237n Shentseu tribe, ii. 120n Sheuping, ii. 120n Shewá, cool plateau of, i. 163n Shibrgán (Sapurgan), i. 149, 150n Shieng, Sheng, or Sing, the Supreme Board of Administration, i. 431, 432n, ii. 154, 157n _Shien-sien_, _Shin-sien_, i. 322n Shighnan (Syghinan), ruby mines, i. 157, 161n, 172n _Shijarat Malayu_, or Malay Chronicle, ii. 287n, 288n, 294n, 296n, 300n, 302n Shikárgáh, applied to animal pattern textures, Benares brocades,