ACT III

[_Enter_ Hercules, _just returned from the lower world, accompanied by_ Theseus.]

_Hercules:_ O kindly lord of light, heaven's ornament, Who circlest all the spaces of the sky With thy flame-bearing car, and thy bright head Dost lift to glad a new-awakened earth: Thy pardon, O Apollo, do I crave, 595 If aught unlawful thou dost see in me; For by another's will have I revealed The hidden things of earth. Thou lord of heaven, And sire, behind thy flaming thunderbolt Conceal thy face; and thou who rul'st the seas By second lot, seek thou their lowest depths. 600 Whoever from on high beholds the earth, And would not by strange sights be vision-stained, To heaven look and so these portents shun. Two only may behold this horrid sight: The one who brought and she who ordered it. To work my punishment and fated toils 605 The earth was not enough. Through Juno's hate Have I seen regions unapproachable, Unknown to Phoebus' rays; yea, I have seen Those gloomy spaces which the nether pole Has yielded to the dusky Jove's domain. And had the regions of the final lot Been pleasing, there could I myself have reigned. 610 That seething chaos of eternal night, And, what is worse than night, the gloomy gods, And fates I conquered; and in scorn of death I have come back again. What else remains? I've seen and shown the lower world to men. If aught beyond is left to do, command. Why dost thou for so long allow these hands, O Juno, to remain in idleness? 615 What conquest still dost thou command? But why Do soldiers hold the temple walls in siege, And fear of arms beset their sacred doors?

[_Enter_ Amphitryon.]

_Amphitr.:_ Now do my fervent hopes deceive my sight, Or is this he, the tamer of the world, The pride of Greece, from that sad, silent land 620 Returned? Is this my son? My agéd limbs Give way through utter joy. O son, of Thebes The sure though long-delayed preserver thou! And do I hold thee sent to earth again, Or does some empty shadow mock my joy? And art thou he indeed? I recognize Thy arms and shoulders and the mighty club Within thy hands renowned. 625

_Hercules:_ O father, whence These marks of grief, and why do I behold My wife in dusky mourning garments clad, My children garbed in these vile signs of woe? What fell disaster hath o'erwhelmed my house?

_Amphitr.:_ Thy father-in-law is slain, his kingdom gone, For Lycus hath usurped it; now he seeks Thy children, father, wife, to bring to death. 630

_Hercules:_ Ungrateful land! did no one come to aid The home of Hercules? Did all the world, Defended by my arm, look on this deed And suffer it? But why waste time in grief? My enemy must die.

_Theseus_ [_seeking to detain him_]: O Hercules, Let not thy mighty courage bear this stain, And such a foe as Lycus be thy last. 635 I go myself to drink his hateful blood.

_Hercules:_ My Theseus, stay thou here, lest violence From some new source arise. This war is mine. Let thy embraces wait awhile, my sire, And thine, my wife. Let Lycus first announce To Dis that I have safe returned to earth. 640

[_Exit._]

_Theseus:_ Now let thy face give o'er its grief, my queen; And thou, O father, check thy falling tears, Since this thy son is safe returned to thee. If I know Hercules, for Creon's death This Lycus soon shall pay the penalty. "Shall pay" is slow; he pays; nay more, has paid.

_Amphitr.:_ Now may some favoring god our prayers fulfil, 645 And help us in our need. O trusty friend Of our great son, his deeds in order tell: How long the way that leads to the sorrowing shades; How bore the dog of hell his heavy chains.

_Theseus:_ Thou bid'st me call to memory such deeds 650 As e'en in safety make me tremble still. For I can scarce believe that even yet I breathe the vital air. My eye's clear sight Is blinded, and, by that thick darkness dimmed, Can scarce endure the unaccustomed light.

_Amphitr.:_ But conquer thou the fear that still remains Deep in thy heart; and do not rob thyself 665 Of the best fruit of toil. For what was hard To bear becomes most sweet in memory. Go on, and tell us all thy sufferings.

_Theseus:_ O god of heaven, and thou who holdest sway In that deep, all-embracing realm of death, And thou whose mother sought thee (but in vain) Through all the world: your powers I supplicate That I may speak with boldness of the things 660 Concealed and buried in the hold of earth. The Spartan land lifts high a famous cliff Where Taenarus juts out upon the sea, Dense wooded. Here the realm of hated Dis Opes wide its mouth; the high cliff spreads apart, 665 And in a mighty cavern yawns a pit With jaws portentous, huge, precipitous; And for all nations ample passage gives. The way begins, not dark with heavy shades. A watery gleam of daylight follows in, And doubtful light, as of the sun eclipsed, 670 Falls there and mocks the eye. Such light the day, While mingled still with night, at early dawn Or in its waning hour, is wont to give. The way then broadens into spaces vast And empty, where the human race entire Might plunge and perish. 'Tis no labor here 675 To travel, for the road itself draws down. As often whirlpools suck unwilling ships, So does the air, down streaming, urge us on, And hungry chaos. Here the clutching shades Permit no backward step. Deep in the abyss, With peaceful shallows gentle Lethe glides, 680 And by its draughts removes all mortal care And, that no backward way may be allowed, With many folds it wraps the stream of death; Just as the wandering Maeander sports With waves uncertain, now upon itself Retreats, now halts in hesitation slow, 685 Whether it shall its fountain seek again, Or journey to the sea. Here lies the marsh Of sluggish, vile Cocytus; here, behold, The vulture, there the doleful owl laments, And through the air the fearsome screech-owl sends Its sad, foreboding cry. There stands the yew, Its black leaves shuddering on the gloomy boughs; 690 And 'neath its shelter hover sluggish Sleep, And mournful Famine with her wasting jaws, And Shame, at last her guilty face concealed. Here quaking Fear, and Murder, desperate Grief, Black Mourning, tottering Disease, and War With weapons girded on, lie hid; and last 695 Comes feeble Age upon his staff upheld.

_Amphitr.:_ Are there no fruitful fields of corn or wine?

_Theseus:_ Not so: no joyful fields with verdure shine, No ripening grain waves gently in the breeze, No stately trees bear apple-laden boughs; 700 But sterile wastes defile those lonely depths, And in eternal sloth the foul earth lies. Here lie the lonesome remnants of the world. The air hangs motionless; and thick night broods Upon a sluggish, horror-stricken land. 705 The place of death is worse than death itself.

_Amphitr.:_ And what of him who rules those dusky realms? Where sits he as he rules his shadowy folk?

_Theseus:_ There is a place in an obscure recess Of Tartarus, which, with its heavy shades, 710 Dense vapor shrouds. Hence, from a single source, Two different rivers flow: with silent stream One bears along the sacred Stygian waves On which the gods take oath; with mighty roar The other fiercely rolls the rocks along Within its flood, the raging Acheron, 715 Which may not be recrossed. Set opposite, By these two streams encircled, stands the hall Of royal Dis; and by a shading grove The mighty house is hid. A spacious cave Of overhanging rock the threshold forms. This is the path of souls; here is the door 720 Of Pluto's realm; and, round about, there spreads The plain wherein the frowning monarch sits And new-come souls reviews. Of lowering brow And awful majesty the god appears; Yet in his face his brother's likeness bears, And proves his noble birth. Jove's face is his, But thundering Jove's. And of that savage realm 725 The master's self makes up the largest part, For every fearful thing holds him in fear.

_Amphitr.:_ And is the story true that down below Stern justice is at last administered, And guilty souls, who have their crimes forgot, At last atone for sin? Who is he, then, 730 Who searches out the truth, and justice gives?

_Theseus:_ There is not one inquisitor alone Who sits in judgment on the lofty seat, And tries the trembling culprits: in that hall Sit Cretan Minos, Rhadamanthus too, And Aeacus. Each for his sins of earth 735 Must suffer here; the crime returns to him Who did it, and the guilty soul is crushed By its own precedents. There, deep immured In prison, bloody leaders have I seen, And bleeding backs of heartless tyrants, scourged By base plebeian hands. Who mildly reigns, And, though the lord of life, restrains his hands; 740 Who mercifully rules a bloodless realm, And spares the lives of men: he shall enjoy Long years of happy life, and, at the end, Attain to heaven, or to those regions blest Of the Elysian fields, himself a judge. Refrain from human blood, all ye who rule: 745 Your sins with heavier judgment shall be judged.

_Amphitr.:_ Does any certain place inclose the lost, And do, as rumor says, the impious Sharp punishments in endless chains endure?

_Theseus:_ On swiftly flying wheel Ixion turns; 750 And on the neck of Sisyphus a stone Weighs heavily. There stands in middle stream, With throat thirst-parched, the poor old man, and seeks To catch the cooling waves which wash his chin. He, oft deceived, hopes now at last to drink; As often fails the water at his lips. 755 So also do the fruits his hunger fail. There Tityos eternal banquets gives Unto the greedy vulture; and in vain Do Danaüs' daughters bear their brimming urns. There wander, raging still, the Cadmeids; And greedy birds still fright old Phineus.

_Amphitr.:_ Now tell the noble struggle of my son. 760 Does he bring back his uncle's willing gift, Or does he lead the dog as spoil of war?

_Theseus:_ A gloomy cliff o'erhangs the sluggish shoals, Whose waves are dead, and waters motionless. This stream is guarded by a grim old man, Of squalid garb and aspect hideous, Who carries o'er the pool the quaking shades. 765 His long beard hangs unkempt; his shapeless robe Is knotted into place; his fierce eyes gleam From sunken cheeks; and he, as ferryman, With his long pole propels his bark across. He now his empty boat unto the shore Was turning to receive the waiting souls, 770 When Hercules requested to be borne Across the stream. The throng of shades give way; But fiercely Charon cries: "Whither so bold Dost thou haste on? Stay there thy hurrying steps." Alcmena's son would no delay endure, But with the pole itself the boatman tamed, And climbed aboard the boat. The roomy craft, 775 For nations ample, groaned beneath his weight; And as he sat, the heavy-weighted skiff With rocking sides drank in the Lethe stream. Then quaked the conquered monsters at the sight: The Centaurs, fierce and wild, the Lapithae, Inflamed to strife by copious draughts of wine; And, seeking out the farthest pools of Styx, 780 The beast of Lerna hid his fertile heads. Soon there appeared the home of greedy Dis, Where the fierce Stygian dog affrights the shades, Who, tossing back and forth his triple heads, With mighty bayings watches o'er the realm. Around his head with damp corruption foul, 785 Writhe deadly serpents, and his shaggy mane With vipers bristles; while a twisting snake Forms his long, hissing tail. His wrath and form Are both alike terrific. When he heard The sound of coming feet, straightway he raised His hackles, bristling with their darting snakes, And with erected ears caught at the sound 790 (For even noiseless spirits can he hear). When Jove's son nearer came, within his cave The dog stood hesitant, and nameless fear Each of the other felt. Then suddenly The silence shudders with his bayings deep, And threatening snakes along his shoulders hiss. The clamor of his dreadful voice, sent forth 795 Three-throated, even happy shades dismayed. Then did the hero from his left arm loose The lion's skin with head and grinning jaws, And 'neath this mighty shield opposed the dog. Then in his right all conquering, he raised 800 His mighty club, and with a rain of blows, Now here, now there, he drove the frightened beast. The conquered dog at last gave o'er his threats, And, spent with fighting, lowered all his heads, And left the entrance free. Then did the king And queen of hell sit trembling on their thrones, 805 And bade the dog be led away. Me, too, Did Dis at Hercules' request release, A royal gift. Then with his soothing hand Alcides stroked the monster's massive necks, And bound him with an adamantine chain. The watchful guardian of the dusky world Forgot his wonted fierceness, and his ears Drooped timidly. He let himself be led, 810 Confessed his master, and, with muzzle low, Submissively he went, his snaky tail Beating his sides the while. But when he came To Taenarus, and in his eyes there smote The gleam of unknown light, though strongly bound, 815 His courage he regained and madly shook His mighty chains. Even his conqueror Was backward borne and forced to yield his stand. Then even my aid did the hero seek; And with united strength we dragged the dog, Still mad with rage, attempting fruitless war, 820 Into the upper world. But when he saw The gleaming spaces of the shining sky, The light of day, thick darkness blinded him; He turned his gaze to earth, and closed his eyes, Expelled the hated light, looked backward, sought 825 With all his necks the sheltering earth; and last, He hid his head within Alcides' shade. But see, a mighty throng with shouts of joy Comes yonder, wearing laurel on their brows, Who chant the well-earned praise of Hercules.

* * * * *

_Chorus:_ Eurystheus, brought untimely forth, 830 Had bidden Hercules to pierce The depths of earth. This task alone Of all his labors yet remained-- To rob the dusky king of hell. He dared to enter that dark way Which to the distant manes leads, 835 Dismal, with gloomy forests set, Yet crowded with the thronging souls. As when the eager people haste Throughout the city to behold The play in some new theater; As when they crowd the Pisan fields 840 When the fifth summer brings again The Elean Thunderer's sacred games; As, when the lengthening nights return, And the balanced Scales the sun's bright car Detain, to gentle sleep inclined, The people throng the mysteries 845 Of Ceres, while the Attic priests Lead through the fields with hurried steps The worshipers: such thronging hordes Are driven through those silent plains. A part goes slow with steps of age, Sadly, and sated with the years; 850 Some, in the earlier flush of life, Advance with the sprightly step of youth, Young maids not yet in wedlock joined, And boys with flowing ringlets, babes, Who have not yet learned to repeat Their mother's name. To these alone 855 'Tis given to dispel the night With torches, and their fears relieve. The rest in utter darkness fare, And sadness. So our spirits mourn, When each one, grieving o'er his fate, Feels crushed in darkness 'neath the weight 860 Of all the world. There chaos reigns, Repulsive glooms, the hateful dark Of night, the empty veil of clouds, The weary inactivity Of that still, empty universe. Oh, may the time far distant be When old age bears us to that land. None come too late, and ne'er can he, 865 Who once has come, return again. What need to hasten cruel fate? For all the wandering tribes of earth Shall surely seek the land of shades, And on the still Cocytus spread Their sails; all things the sun beholds, 870 In rising and in setting, grow But to decay. Then spare, O death, Those who are doomed to come to thee. Life is but practicing for death; Though thou be slow in coming, still We hasten of ourselves. The hour Which gave us life begins our death. The joyful day of Thebes is here; 875 Now at the altars sacrifice, And let the choicest victims fall. Ye maids and men, in mingled bands Begin the stately choral dance; And let the cattle of the fields 880 Put off their yokes and be glad today; For by the hand of Hercules Has peace from east to west been won, And in that land where the sun rides high In middle heaven, and the shadows fail. 885 Whatever region Tethys laves In her long reach has been o'ercome By great Alcides' toils. Borne now Across the shoals of Tartarus, With hell subdued, he comes again. 890 No room is left for fear; for what Beyond the world of death remains? And now ye priests, adorn your bristling hair With poplar which Alcides loves to wear.