Category: Science - Biology
§1. The Origin of Self-Consciousness and of Free Moral Self-Determination, ... 115 §2. The Origin of Sensation and of Consciousness, ... 127 §3. The Origin of Life, ... 132 §4. The Elements of the World; the Theory of Atoms, and the Mechanical View of the World, ... 140
Now that we have come to a clear understanding of the position of the Darwinian theories in reference to the basis of all religion and of all living religiousness, to theism in...
21. CHAPTER III.The historical retrospect of the Darwinian theories, from their purely scientific side, leads us of itself to a critical review of their present state. We can briefly indicate i...
23. CHAPTER I.If sensation, and its most developed form, consciousness, is a reflex of the material in something immaterial, which feels itself a unit in contrast to the material, and, where...
34. CHAPTER I.At the very beginning of our investigation, we have to state that the absolute freedom of scientific investigation lies not only in the interest of natural science, but just as...
37. CHAPTER IV.Precisely the same relationship between Darwinism and morality, which we found in treating of moral principles, presents itself when we ask about the relationship of Darwinistic...
24. CHAPTER II.From this mechanical view of the world, quite a peculiar conclusion has been recently drawn--not by Darwin, who does not give any opinion at all about the mechanical view of the...
27. CHAPTER I.The common point of beginning and attack of all those who take a negative position against religion, is the rejection of teleology. The most advanced of all materialists, Ludwig...
20. CHAPTER II.In order to explain the development of higher species from lower ones in a natural way, Darwin starts from two facts. The first fact is, that all individuals of the same species...
36. CHAPTER III.If we consider the ethical consequences of a view of the world which, proceeding from Darwinism, permits the universe, man included, to be taken up into a mechanism of atoms--a...
29. CHAPTER III.In the first place, we have to mention Darwin himself. In his earliest work, "Origin of Species," he repeatedly gives this opinion, as on page 421: "I see no good reason why the...
31. CHAPTER V.Among those who ascribe to Darwinism a morally reforming influence, we have to mention in the first place the _materialists_. It is true that even before the appearance of Darwi...
19. CHAPTER I.The first man who gave direct expression to the idea of a successive generation of the species through transmutation, and who attempted to follow it up in a scientific way, was...
18. BOOK I.The interesting problem which underlies Mr. Darwin's theories is the answer to the question: _How did the different species of organic beings on the earth originate?_ We find ou...
28. CHAPTER II.In passing on to those who in Darwinism do not see a negation but a reformation of religion, or at least of theology, we first meet Heinrich Lang, the late spiritual leader of t...
22. BOOK II.Although, in accordance with the requirements of the task before us, we have to restrict ourselves to giving the results of natural science only in their general outlines, still...
17. CHAPTER IV.Agassiz, Louis, 35, 37, 50, 320. Anderson, 225. Anonymus, "the Unconscious," etc., 128, 129, 131, 134, 159. Anonymus, "Vestiges," etc., 33. Argyll, Duke of, 50, 91, 92, 135, 172...
32. CHAPTER VI.Evidently a real neutrality between the Darwinian theories of development and the hitherto valid and absolute authority of the moral principle is possible only, when we deny tha...
30. CHAPTER IV.From what we said at the beginning of the preceding preliminary view, it is evident that we have to look for the advocates of an irreconcilableness between morality and Darwinis...
26. BOOK I.In discussing the conclusions which have been drawn by Darwinism in reference to religion and morality, it would seem appropriate to treat of the two realms together. For the gr...
33. BOOK II.In treating the _religious_ question, we proceed from the supposition that religion is concerned not only in this subjective truth of religious impulse and sensation, but also i...
14. CHAPTER I.§1. Scientific Investigation and Theism.--The Idea of Creation, ... 252 {13} §2. The Descent Theory and Theism, ... 259 §3. The Evolution Theory and Theism, ... 263 §4. The Sele...
8. CHAPTER I.§1. Extreme Negation: L. Büchner and Consistent Materialism, ... 188 §2. Replacement of Religion Through a Religious Worship of the Universe.--Strauss. Oskar Schmidt. Häckel, .....
15. CHAPTER II.§1. The Creation of the World, ... 290 §2. The Creation of Man, ... 314 §3. The Primitive Condition of Man.--Paradise, the Fall of Man, and Primitive History, ... 321 §4. Provid...
5. CHAPTER I.§1. The Origin of Self-Consciousness and of Free Moral Self-Determination, ... 115 §2. The Origin of Sensation and of Consciousness, ... 127 §3. The Origin of Life, ... 132 §4....
6. CHAPTER II.10. CHAPTER III.3. CHAPTER III.2. CHAPTER II.9. CHAPTER II.12. CHAPTER V.16. CHAPTER III.11. CHAPTER IV.13. CHAPTER VI.1. CHAPTER I.4. BOOK II.25. PART II7. BOOK I.