Part 11

639 Shubbe.--Polyanthes Tuberosa. The name of a common flower, which has a strong scent in the night; it is of several kinds, white, yellow, red, and yellowish red. It is hot and dry in the second degree; three direms taken in water, is diuretic, and also useful in suppression of the menses. It expedites the delivery of the dead foetus and of the placenta. Its smell expels mucus from the brain and collections of wind. In those of a hot temperament it produces head-ache. Its corrector is oil of roses, vinegar, or its own oil; the latter is very beneficial both externally and internally used, and possesses all the beneficial properties attributed to the flower. An unguent composed of this, Akirkirrha, and Tokhur Unjeera, applied to the loins, is very beneficial in the two cases mentioned above, and is used both externally and internally in complaints of the uterus, also in rheumatism.

640 Shutawur.--A name for the root of a tree in the jungles, of a prickly kind; its stem and branches are thin, with many smaller ones, about an inch or two inches long in the intervals. Its leaves are very thin and small, somewhat like the Fir tree. The tree itself grows to the height of 9 or 10 feet; its seed resembles the Anboo Saleb. It is sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; cures disorders of wind, mucus, bile, and blood, also swellings of the body. It is aphrodisiac; increases the secretion of milk, and is an ingredient in celebrated formulÊ. For increasing the consistence of semen, and as an aphrodisiac, I have found its conserve and powder of great use. One kind of it is called Kalinta, another Maha Shutawuri; they are cool; cure piles and laxities from indigested food, disorders of the eyes; are cardiac, aphrodisiac, and increase knowledge.

641 Shitawuballie.--A kind of sugar, which cures eruptions from diffused bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.

642 Shereefa.--Called also Seetaphill. It is sweet and cardiac; increases semen and removes depression of spirits. If the kernel of the seed, in the quantity of one direm, and dhaie, half rittal, be bruised together and rubbed over the body, in cures of itch, left to dry, and the same repeated several times, the itch will be cured; this I have found to be the case; tried and found effectual. "Annona squamosa."

643 Shuftaloo.--A common fruit of India. Its tree like the Aroo. It is heavy, slow of digestion, cool, but less so than the Aroo; when unripe it is sour. The best is sweet when ripe.

644 Shukur Javan.--Cool; expels wind; strengthens the system; decreases bile, wind, and mucus. A. Toorunjabeen.

645 Shukur Kund.--"Convolvulus Batatas." A common culinary root, sweet and a little hot, and heavy, aphrodisiac, increases semen, and strengthens the brain.

646 Shumie.--Commonly called Seenkur; cool, light, and soft; cures difficulty of respiration, Juzam, piles, disorders of mucus. The dried fruit increases knowledge, causes bile, and the growth of hair.

647 Shunphopee.--A kind of Baer; is emetic, and beneficial in disorders of mucus and bile.

648 Shungirf.--The red sulphuret of mercury. A. Shingerf; sweet and bitter; useful in fever and mucus, also fever from excess of mucus, wind and bile. It is called also Ingoor.

649 Sholie.--A name for wild turmeric; pungent, sweet, and bitter; increases appetite, but vitiates taste.

650 Shora.--Nitras PotassÊ. Nitrate of Potash. Yavakshara, S. A. Ubkur. Aperient; increases bile. In the Dhara Shekoi, it is said, that one dram of Shora, of the refined sort, pounded and enclosed in two plantains for a night, and given in affections of the spleen and Badgola, and repeated for three or four days, will cure the disease. If bruised and applied to piles, it will remove them. As a refrigerant and diuretic in gonorrhoea, I have found it very beneficial. It has been given in suppression of urine to the Emperor Akber, with great success.

651 Shetoot.--A name for the mulberry.

652 Shehut.--Also Shehud. A. Assil, "Honey." Vide Yunani works.

653 Sheeta.--A kind of Doob grass.

654 Sheesha.--Resembling Kaley in properties. A. Asserab.

655 Sheeshum.--Also Seeshum.

656 Sheobogun.--A name for Bael, from the word Mahadeo, who is called "Sheo," and Bogun, which signifies "ornament."

657 Abbasie.--"Mirabilis Jalappa, W. Gul Abbas, H. The root is a mild and efficient purgative, equal, if not superior, to the common jalap." A very common shrub, used by Dr. McNabb, as a purgative; its flower is of a red color and very beautiful, and there are some yellow and white, and variegated; it grows about a yard high or even more; its leaves are triangular, and about two inches long. A pickle is made from the root, and the flower is dressed and eaten with meat. The leaves are suppurating. It is generally understood that the root, when old, is the Choobcheenee, but this is not the case, though it resembles it, or that kind called Kutai.

658 Ghoghaie.--A bird called in A. Asphoor. It resembles the turtle-dove, and derives its name from the great noise it makes. It is also called Pukherie, but this is a general name for wild fowl.

659 Gowreh.--All kinds of green fruit.

660 Ghafis.--Hemp; Agrimony; deobstruent; dose one miskal.

661 Ghar.--The laurel; discutient and attenuant; dose half miskal.

662 Ghasool.--Glasswort; Hindooi, Chook; P. Ghasul; hot and dry; detergent and caustic; dose half direm.

663 Ghareekoon.--Agaric; deobstruent, vermifuge, cathartic; dose one or two danas.

664 Ghirb.--The mountain pine, drying.

665 Kakjunga.--Cool, but some say hot, and dry in the 2nd degree; it is vermifuge, and useful in an over-loaded stomach, in poisons, mucus, and eruptions from suffusion of bile; also in fevers. It also obtains the name of Misie. Rijel ul Ghorab, A. Tokhem Khelal Kheleel, P.

666 Kans.--A shrub with a white flower, of a downy kind; cures suppression of urine or dysuria, heat of the body, disorders of blood, bile, and hectic fever.

667 Kakolie.--Its properties resemble Jirkakolie.

668 Kaksaag.--Aperient, and promotes appetite; cures disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and expels wind.

669 Kasmerie or Kasmuroo, or Kasmurga, or Kasheera. It is hot; heavy; cures fever, pains in the bowels, and its flower is astringent and beneficial in eruptions from diffusion of bile. It is an ingredient in many formulÊ. It prevents the approach of old age, strengthens all the animal functions, and is aphrodisiac and diuretic.

670 Kanjee.--Increases the secretion of milk; cures disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It is the vinegar of Hindostan. It restores prostrated strength from fatigue, removes pains in the bowels and flatulence, and remedies costiveness. The method of preparing it is thus. A little Zeera and Saslie are put on the fire till they produce a smoke, an earthen vessel is then placed over them in an inverted position to receive the smoke. Then into this is put mustard, salt, adjwain, and cumin seed, with warm water; the mouth of the vessel is then tied up in a cloth, and placed in the sun till it becomes sour. In the hot-weather it is quickly prepared; the older it is, the better for medicinal purposes.

671 Gowrohun.--A medicine found in the gall-bladder of a cow, and is but seldom met with. It is beneficial in affections of the mesenteric glands of children; in the quantity of two soorkhi it is purgative. It is also beneficial in flatulent swellings. If boiled in water and used for some time, it will cure epilepsy. It is only found in those cows the descendants of those herded by Khrishna.

It is often counterfeited, but the real kind is clearer than the spurious.

672 Kath.--"Acacia Catechu, W. Kayar, H. Khadira, S. Mimosa Catechu, Woodville." Called also Kuth. It is cool and vermifuge; strengthens the teeth; cures seminal weakness, fever, white leprosy, swellings, eruptions from bile, marasmus, Juzam, and mucous disorders. The gum is sweet and aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system. That made from the pith of the Khaer, is useful in boils and eruptions, affections of the mouth, and disorders of mucus and blood. It also removes ptyalism.

673 Kakra Singie.--It is crooked like a ram's horn; small and red, with a tinge of black, and its pod is hollow; it is bitter, astringent, hot, and promotes appetite, and restores the color of the skin changed from foulness of blood; allays vomiting and thirst; cures fever and disorders of mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough, and eructation, also piles and dysentery. It is said to be hot and dry in the 2nd degree. It likewise cures wind and hoarseness, and creates appetite; and it is useful, if retained in the mouth, as a relief to cough from phlegm; a little of it given to children at the breast, mixed with honey, increases their strength and removes emaciation.

674 Kanakutchoo.--Brought from Cashmere, and held in great esteem in that country. Its taste is saltish and sweet, and it is used dressed with meat; some call it Samaroogh, but the latter is a creeper and does not produce seed. The fruit is about half the size of an egg, and is suspended from the plant, which is of a white color, and grows during the rains in the jungles, and loves the vicinity of running water. It is also called Neerkoombie. It is found sometimes amongst ruins, but those that grow in the jungles are to be preferred. The lower classes of Indians use it as food, and as such it is grateful. It is useful in affections of the eyes.

675 Kagphill or Kagtoondie. "Strychnos Nux Vomica, W." "I have heard that it grows very common about Midnapoor or Cuttack; several seeds or nuts are enclosed in one pod, which in size is about that of a horse chestnut, the seeds are surrounded in the pod by a glutinous matter. It is said to be useful in paralysis, but has seldom been given beyond six grains in the day."--"Trans." It has obtained its name from being poison to the crow. Kag being the name of a crow, and phill, a nut A. Hubbool Girab; for the same reason. It is not well ascertained whether it is a seed or root, but it looks like a seed. It is equally uncertain whether it is cool or hot; it is brownish, inside white; it is round, and its shell very hard; steeped in water it becomes soft, and its shell can be removed; it is then rasped down and pounded, and kept in a state of powder or electuary for use. It strengthens the system; cures disorders of wind; blackens white hair; but its constant use produces palsy. It is an active poison; its correctors are drinking fresh milk, producing vomiting, and taking soup, oily or fatty substances. If externally applied to discolorations of the skin, daad, pains, &c. it will be found beneficial. It is said in the Dara Shekoi, to be excellent in cholics from wind. It is in my opinion hot, but as it is a strong poison, it is better not to use it: if given as a medicine, its correctors ought to be given with it.

It is also mentioned among aphrodisiac medicines, and will be found a powerful one, should it agree with the stomach. In India its name is Koochela.

676 Gajur.--"Daucus Carota, W." The carrot; sweet to the taste, and equally hot and cold in its effects; it creates appetite, produces costiveness, cures eruptions from suffusion of bile; is useful in piles, is lithontriptic, and beneficial in mucous disorders and wind. A. Gazur. I have found it excellent when roasted in an oven; the thin external rind and heart removed, and ate with rose-water, and Bedemoosk, in depression of spirits, and as a cardiac. Its distilled water is also equally effectual. Its virtues are described in Yunani works.

677 Kaiphill or Kutphill. It is bitter, astringent, and pungent, cures disorders of mucus and wind, fevers, difficulty of breathing, seminal weakness, piles, cough, and all affections of the throat.

678 Kanch or Kaatch; light; reduces corpulence; cures boils and eruptions, and strengthens the eyes. It is also called Zejage.

679 Kalizeerie.--"Nigella Indica, Roxb. Musavi, S. Sp. ch. annual, petals entire, pistils five, length of the stamina, leaves decompound, exterior lip of the nectary ovate, and deeply two-cleft, interior entire and acute. Roxb. MS." A seed of a black color, twice as long as the zeerie, and about twice the breadth; also named Kurdmana though improperly. It is used as medicine for horses; it is hot, increases the digestive powers, and is useful in all swellings.

680 Kasht.--Very hard. A kind of sugar-cane.

681 Kangeerug.--A name for Kakeerun.

682 Kalseenbie.--A name for Kalyseeb; hot and heavy; cures disorders of mucus and bile, also disorders in the mouth.

683 Kansi.--P. Rooie; heavy, hot, and aperient; strengthens the eyes and cures bilious and mucous disorders.

684 Kathmanda.--A name for Lisanus sowr.

685 Kalakora.--A name for Kirra Inderjow.

686 Katchloon.--A name for Muschookoonia, also named Kuphaiena, or Mylhoolrejaje. Its taste is rough; increases bile, decreases mucus, and useful in splenitis. It is laxative, removes specs, and opacities of the cornea. It dries the stomach, and externally is useful in all kinds of itch.

687 Kastipadile.--Vide Padill.

688 Kalesur or Kulesur; a plant, its leaves and sprigs very thin and small, it is sold in a dried state. It is like the Badsingbose. Its fruit is like the Baer, but a little larger, of a clay color or greenish. It is of two kinds, white and black, both oleaginous and sweet, heavy, increases semen, cures disorders of the three secretions, fevers, disorders of the vagina, dropsy, and it is astringent in its properties. The black kind increases appetite.

689 Kanghi.--Cool, pungent; sweetish to the taste; strengthens the system, clears the color of the skin; is astringent, flatulent; useful in affections of the mouth and hectic fever.

690 Kandagolhi.--A kind of onion, used by the weavers of cloth, from which circumstance it has derived its name ("Squills?"). It is like the common onion, but four times as large; it grows in the jungles, and in A. is called Unsul; its properties are described in Yunani works.

691 Kapoor.--Cool, light, anti-aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of the eyes; cures heat of the body, bad taste in the mouth; removes corpulence and swellings of the body, disorders from poison, and clears the brain. A. Kaphoor. It is of four kinds: Poonasir, Bheemseejnie, Saasdaie and Bhaskur, the medicinal properties of all are the same. "Laurus Camphora."

692 Kupoor.--The same as above; also called Khesia.

693 Kapoorbile.--A flower; its leaves and root resembling the saffron flower; it is brought from Europe.

694 Goobrowla also Goobreyla. A. Khumfusa. P. Jaab. It is described in all Yunani works.

695 Kapithar Jug.--A kind of Soorinjan; pungent, cool, and dry; increases general heat and bile; cures disorders of blood and mucus; also removes daad; is vermifuge, and is an antidote to poison.

696 Kupass or Kurpass. "Gossypium herbaceum." It is sweet, hot, and light; cures disorders of wind; it is the cotton tree; some call it cool. Its seed increases the secretion of animal milk, removes bile, mucus, heat, thirst, fatigue, epilepsy, &c. The wild species is cool, and increases the acuteness of taste and cures ulcers. It is also called Karis or Karpassie.

Maadentezerrubad.

Kupass is the cotton tree; hot and moist; cures asthma, cough, costiveness; loosens the chest. The cotton burnt and applied to ulcers, dries them up, blown into the nose stops bleeding; also bleeding of the gums. Should any one have eaten dhatura, and become insensible, four direms of the seeds bruised in water, and given to drink will remove the cause. It is also an antidote to the poison of opium, bhang, snakes, the root of dhatura, scorpions, &c. in the quantity of seven direms.

697 Kubab Cheenee.--It is pungent and bitter; promotes digestion; increases appetite; improves the taste; cures affections of wind, phlegm, paralysis of the tongue, and clears the voice. "Cubebs, Piper Cubeba, Murr." Excellent in gonorrhoea virulenta.

698 Kapoor Kutcherie.--A name for Saaltie.

699 Kapoorie.--A name for Ispurka.

700 Kuthael.--"Artocarpus Integrifolia (Roxb.)" A fruit of India, very common, of a green color like Shukena, from half a yard to a yard in length, and about half a yard in thickness. On opening it is found a pulp of a saffron color, of a mucilaginous nature, inclining to gummy. The tree is like that of the walnut, but I suspect the Kuthael is much the largest and the leaves much less. The smell of the flower is sweet. The fruit is taken from the tree before it is ripe, covered with lime and thus brought to maturity. It cures disorders of bile and wind, strengthens the system, and is aphrodisiac; it cures eruptions from diffused bile, and is slow of digestion; it induces costiveness, is useful in disorders of the chest, increases semen and allays thirst. Its seeds are astringent and sweet, and increase wind, they are hurtful if ate on an empty stomach. Its corrector is its seed. Some have said, that the fruit when allowed to ripen on the tree is the best, and that the forced kind is cool.

701 Kootki.--A small root, "Justicia Ganderussa," brought from the hills; it is of a grey colour and full of knots; bitter to the taste, during digestion; pungent, cool, and drying. It is light and aperient; cures bilious, mucous, and feverish disorders, difficulty of breathing, heart-burn, and heat of body. It is also vermifuge; the dose 4 direms.

702 Kutara.--A kind of sugar-cane; it is thin, cool, and heavy; cures diffusion of bile and Rajiroge. The leaves of one kind are like needles, another much larger, a third of a middling size: all are astringent, and after meals produce heart-burn, and wind; they cure disorders of mucus and bile, but cause heat in the chest and flatulence. Its correction is being boiled in water, or roasted in hot ashes. When washed in water it becomes less flatulent, and cures disordered secretions, increases the bulk of the solids, and is diuretic.

703 Kuteera.--"Echinops echinatus, (Roxb.)" The globe-thistle, or Kuragond. Cool; increases consistence of semen; beneficial in gonorrhoea; lessens aphrodisia. If two mashas be infused in water for a night, well mixed and taken with sherbet of Unjewar, or by itself, it will be found effectual in vomiting of blood, in gonorrhoea, and itchiness of the urinary bladder.

704 Kutai.--The white kind; it is a species of the small Kutai; the flower of the large kind is red. The small is bitter and pungent; hot and useful in wind, bile and disorders of the liver, difficulty of voiding urine, in torpor of the olfactory nerves; is vermifuge, and cures affections of the heart. The large kind is called Beretta, already noticed, also called Kuntai.

705 Kutoonbur.--"Cucumis Madraspatanas." A kind of Kutchim (species of melon); sweet and hot, vide Baluka.

706 Kutputrie.--Hot and astringent; useful in disorders of the organs of generation of the female; its fruit cool and aphrodisiac, and produces a discharge of wind.

707 Kuth.--"Catechu, Terra Japonica, Acacia Catechu?"

708 Kutchnar.--"Bauhinia variegata." One kind of which is called Gobdar; the leaves of the Kutchnar are green and variegated with veins, and they resemble the junction of two leaves, indeed a separation does sometimes exist. The tree resembles the mulberry, and is even larger, but considerably so in diameter; both kinds are cool, astringent; produce costiveness; cure disorders of mucus and bile; are vermifuge; destroy worms in the rectum; useful in the virulent ulcer called Kunzeer, also in all eruptions and boils. Its flower is cool, dry, light, and astringent; cures disorders of bile, and corrects an excess in the menstrual discharge; beneficial in piles, wounds, ulcers, and cough. The tree is called by the above name, but it is usually given to the flower only. I have found it beneficial to the stomach, in removing laxativeness of the bowels, and in bleeding piles. A decoction of its bark forms an excellent gargle in ptyalism from mercury or bela.

709 Kutchaloo.--"Arum Colocasia." An esculent root, vide Aroie.

710 Gudjpepullie.--Also Gudjpeepul; a round fruit, 4 times as large as that of the peepul, and very much resembles it; it is bitter, hot; increases appetite; induces costiveness; cures Juzam, difficulty of breathing, affections of the throat, is vermifuge, and useful in disorders of wind and mucus.

711 Kutchua.--"P. Sungpoosht or Bah·. A. Silhafat." "The Turtle." Its meat is moist and aphrodisiac, and is useful in disorders of wind. It is related, that in cases of great difficulty of respiration from affections of the lungs or bronchiÊ, much benefit has been derived from inhaling the breath of the turtle. Its eggs, mixed with water and applied hot to the scrotum, removes disorders, to which it may be subjected.

712 Coochilla.--Vide Kagphill.

713 Kutcherie.--(Cucumis Madraspatanas;) sweet, hot, light, and soft; creates appetite; increases bile. It is called Dustumboieya, vide Phoot. There is another fruit which bears this name, it is a creeper, found in fields, like the Kunoorie fruit; it is pungent, bitter; assists digestion, and increases appetite. In my opinion, it is hot; it is eaten cut in half, and fried with salt and oil, and greatly relished. It is thus also rendered more active in its properties. It is used both ripe and unripe; when used with meat, the later is easily rendered tender. It forms an ingredient in all stomachic powders in India.

714 Kutchoor.--"Curcuma Zerumbet, (Roxb.)" Of three kinds: large, male, and female. The large kind is also called Nerkuchoor, and the simple word Kutchoor is generally applied to the female; the third kind is called Kaphoor Kutcherie. The Nerkutchoor is also called Zerambeed. The three kinds possess nearly the same properties. It is hot, light; creates appetite; cures Juzam, piles, boils, wounds, difficulty of breathing, Badgola, disorders of wind, and mucus, and is vermifuge.

715 Kudum.--"Nauclea Orientalis, or Kudum, and another kind called Mohoonut; also one kind named Dhoul Kudum, and Bhoom Kudum." The leaves and flower resemble the walnut tree; all kinds are cool, and are useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.

716 Gudha.--Its flesh is sweet, during digestion bitter. It is light, strengthens the system, and increases bile and mucus.

717 Gudloon.--Hot, light; cures disorders of wind and mucus. Is aperient and diuretic.

718 Goodhul Citron.--Has a flower like the poppy, and many leaves; its leaves are like the mulberry, and it flowers every alternate year. Its fruit is like the apple; when unripe, green, and acid, with a little bitterness; but when fully ripe, and it has become yellow, the bitterness does not remain; it also becomes red and sweet, but if it remain long on the tree it again assumes a greenish hue. The tree is like the lime tree with broad leaves. The people of India have an idea, that if the flowers be kept in the house they produce quarrelling and strife; the flowers are used in lowness of spirits arising from heat. It is said, that the root of this and also that of the Kunaer are very intoxicating. If boiled in milk, and this curdled, it is aphrodisiac.

719 Kurna.--The flower of the above; it has four leaves, and is white before it opens; it is shaped like an arrow-head; it has a sweet perfume, and as such is used; a distilled water is also made from it and an essential oil. The water is called Arukbahar, and is hot and dry, and used in weakness of the brain; also as an aphrodisiac; creating appetite and elevating the spirits; also in pains of the chest, in cholics from wind, and delirium.