The Style Book of The Detroit News
Part 7
Every newspaper writer frequently finds himself called upon to deal with such matter. If it is the report of a trial in court, he need have regard, so far as his report is concerned, to four points: (1) that the judicial or official proceedings have been already begun in open court; (2) that his report of the testimony, etc., or synopsis of the sworn papers is fair and impartial; (3) that he knows where he can put his hands on the official records to sustain the privilege at any time; and (4) that both sides are similarly published.
If the matter is defamatory and not privileged in any way, then the utmost care before publication with regard to the proof of its truth will be the only safeguard against libel suits.
The publication of such matter on the authority of any person's mere word, however truthful, trustworthy and careful that person may be believed to be, will always be attended with danger. The statements may be entirely true, and yet the giver of the information when called upon may not be able to furnish the proof. If he is, probably he could furnish it as well before as after publication.
The only absolutely certain way for any newspaper writer to avoid all risk of this sort is for him to furnish for publication such defamatory matter only as he can sustain by his own testimony as an eye-witness, or such as he has seen the proofs of before writing the article.
The almost certain result will be to prevent the bringing of a libel suit--the first consideration in this connection. If, on the other hand, a libel suit should be brought, the writer would be able to furnish the publishers with the best means of defense, namely, proof of the truth of the publication--which is of next importance.
PRECISION, SIMPLICITY, EUPHONY
Adams Sherman Hill, professor of rhetoric at Harvard University for nearly 30 years, gives these three rules for good writing:
Precision: Of two forms of expression which may be used in the same sense, that one should be chosen which is susceptible of only one interpretation. Observance of this rule tends to give each word a meaning of its own.
Simplicity: Of two forms of expression which may be used in the same sense, the simpler should be chosen. The simpler a word or phrase, the more likely it is to be understood, and simplicity in language, like simplicity in dress or manners, belongs to the best society.
Euphony: Of two forms of expression which may be used in the same sense, that one should be chosen which is the more agreeable to the ear. It is of course wrong to give undue weight to considerations of euphony, but when no sacrifice is involved it is desirable to avoid an expression that is unusually difficult to pronounce or to substitute for an extremely disagreeable word one that is agreeable to the ear.
FIRST THREE YEARS OF THE WAR
June 28, 1914--Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to throne of Austria-Hungary, and wife shot by Gavrio Prinzip, a Bosnian, at Sarajevo, Bosnia.
July 28--Austria declares war on Serbia.
Aug. 1--Germany declares war on Serbia.
Aug. 4--Great Britain declares war on Germany. Germany proclaims state of war between Germany and Belgium. Wilson proclaims U. S. neutrality.
Aug. 6--Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia.
Aug. 7--Montenegro declares war on Austria.
Aug. 8--British troops land in France.
Aug. 12--Great Britain declares state of war with Austria-Hungary.
Aug. 19--Germans occupy Louvain.
Aug. 20--Germans occupy Brussels.
Aug. 23--Japan declares war on Germany.
Aug. 31--St. Petersburg becomes Petrograd.
Sept. 1--After seven days' battle Russians take Lemberg.
Sept. 3--French capital transferred to Bordeaux.
Sept. 4--Germans occupy Rheims.
Sept. 10--Joffre reports five-day battle at the Marne a victory.
Sept. 28--Japanese invest Tsing-Tau.
Oct. 9--Antwerp surrenders.
Oct. 13--Seat of Belgian capital moved from Ostend to Havre.
Oct. 21-31--First battle of Ypres.
Nov. 5--Great Britain and France declare war on Turkey.
Nov. 10-12--Second battle of Ypres.
Dec. 2--Austrians capture Belgrade.
Dec. 8--British sink German fleet off Falkland islands.
Dec. 14--Serbians force evacuation of Belgrade.
Dec. 20--Germans evacuate Dixmude.
Jan. 24, 1915--Naval battle in North Sea.
Feb. 4--Germany declares war zone about England and Ireland after Feb. 18.
Feb. 25--Allied fleet reduces four forts at Dardanelles entrance.
March 22--Austrian fortress of Przemysl surrenders to Russians.
April 22--Gas first used in war by Germans at Ypres.
May 1--American steamer Gulflight sunk.
May 7--Lusitania sunk by German submarine off Ireland; 1,149 lost, 707 rescued.
May 23--Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.
June 3--Teutons recapture Przemysl.
June 8--Bryan resigns.
June 22--Russians driven out of Lemberg.
Aug. 6--Germans occupy Warsaw.
Sept. 9--U. S. asks recall by Austria-Hungary of Ambassador Dumba.
Sept. 18--Germans capture Wilna.
Oct. 5--King Constantine of Greece won't support Allies and Premier Venizelos resigns. Allies land at Saloniki.
Oct. 11--Bulgaria enters war by sending army into Serbia.
Dec. 4--Ford peace party sails.
Dec. 19--Allies evacuate Gallipoli.
Jan. 17, 1916--Montenegro surrenders to Austria-Hungary, first belligerent to withdraw.
Jan. 26--Compulsory service measure passes final reading in British House of Lords.
Feb. 23--Germans open Verdun offensive.
March 8--Germany declares war on Portugal.
March 15--Von Tirpitz resigns as German minister of marine; succeeded by Admiral von Capelle.
April 24--Sinn Feiners' revolution breaks out in Dublin.
April 28--British besieged in Kut-el-Amara, Mesopotamia, surrender.
May 25--King George signs compulsory bill, applicable to all men from 18 to 41.
May 30--Battle of Jutland.
June 5--Lord Kitchener drowned.
July 9--German submarine Deutschland arrives at Baltimore.
Aug. 27--Rumania enters the war on side of Allies.
Nov. 10--First great air battle; 67 airplanes brought down.
Nov. 21--Francis Joseph, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, dies; 86.
Dec. 6--Germans occupy Bucharest.
Feb. 3, 1917--U.S. severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
Feb. 26--Cunard liner Laconia sunk.
Feb. 27--Wilson asks authority to arm merchantmen; declares sinking of Laconia is overt act.
March 11--British take Bagdad.
March 15--Czar Nicholas II abdicates in favor of his brother, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovitch.
April 2--American steamer Aztec sunk.
April 6--U. S. declares state of war with Germany. April 7--Cuba declares war on Germany.
April 11--Brazil severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
May 18--Wilson signs selective conscription bill for army of 500,000.
June 5--Americans register for draft.
June 8--Gen. Pershing in England.
June 12--King Constantine abdicates.
June 15--American mission reaches Russia.
June 26--First U. S. troops arrive in France.
June 29--Greece severs relations with Germany and her allies.
July 2--Chinese empire re-established for three days.
July 14--Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg resigns, Dr. George Michaelis succeeding.
July 22--Kerensky made dictator in Russia.
Aug. 28--U. S. rejects pope's peace proposal.
Sept. 3--Germans capture Riga.
Sept. 16--Kerensky proclaims Russia a republic.
Oct. 6--Peru severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
Oct. 7--Uruguay severs diplomatic relations with Germany.
Oct. 19--U. S. transport Antilles torpedoed.
Oct. 23--First of U. S. troops enter French trenches.
Oct. 26--Brazil declares war on Germany.
Nov. 2--Three-cent postage in effect.
Nov. 8--Bolsheviki in control of Russian government.
Nov. 10--Lenine made Russian premier.
Nov. 18--British capture Jaffa.
Dec. 4--Wilson asks congress to declare war on Austria-Hungary.
Dec. 6--Part of Halifax wrecked by explosion and fire.
Dec. 7--Congress declares war on Austria-Hungary.
Dec. 10--British capture Jerusalem.
Dec. 26--U. S. takes over the railroads.
NOTES
INDEX
A
Abbreviations in heads, 10 rules governing, 42
_about_, use of, meaning approximately, 55
_above statement_ barred, 56
_academy_, capitalization of, 17
Accuracy, 4-5
_acts_, capitalization of, 19
_actual photographs_ barred, 35
_a day_ preferred to _per day_, 54
Adjectives, capitalization of, 20 rules governing, 34
_administered_, use of, 30
_administration_, capitalization of, 17
Adverbs, rules governing, 33
_advice_ confused with _advise_, 52
_advise_ confused with _advice_, 52
_affair_, misuse of, 24
_affect_ confused with _effect_, 52
_afterward_, spelling of, 52
Ages, writing of, 38
_agreeable_ preferred to _nice_, 34
_agreeably to_ preferred to _agreeable to_, 33
Agreement of verbs, 29
_airplane_, spelling of, 51
_alarmingly_ preferred to _dangerously_, 33
Alford, Dean, quoted, 57
Allbutt, Sir Clifford, quoted, 50
_allege_ not a synonym for _say_, 30
_alliance_, capitalization of, 19
_allies_, capitalization of, 19
Alliteration in heads, 10
_almost_ preferred to _most_, 54
_alright_ barred, 55
_although_ preferred to _while_, 28
_a. m._, capitalization of, 20 use of, 38-44
_amateur_, meaning of, 55
_ambassador_, misuse of, 24
_amendment_, capitalization of, 19
_among_, misused for _between_, 37 preferred to _amongst_, 55
_amongst_, prefer _among_ to, 55
Ampersand, use of, 43
_anesthetic_, spelling of, 51
_a number of_, prefer _several_ to, 34
_anxious_ misused for _eager_, 35
_anybody_, use masculine pronoun with, 27
A. P., leads, 7 style, 15
_apiece_ misused for _each_, 27
Apostrophe, use of, 22
_appear_, use of, intransitively, 29
_approximately_ preferred to _about_, 56
_Arab_, capitalization of, 20
_armor_, spelling of, 52
_armory_, capitalization of, 20
_army_, abbreviation of titles of, 44 capitalization of, 19 organization of, 60
Articles, in heads, 8 rules governing, 38 use of, with names, 45
_artist_, avoid feminine form of, 24
_as far as_, use of, 33 misused for _that_, 28 _long as_, use of, 33
_assembly_, capitalization of, 18
Associated Press, see A. P.
_associations_, capitalization of, 17
Asterisks, use of, 22
_as yet_ superfluous, 49
_at the corner of_ superfluous, 49
_attorney_, abbreviation of, 43
_audience_, meaning of, 55
_au fait_ to be avoided, 54
_auger_ confused with _augur_, 52
_augur_ confused with _auger_, 52
_author_, avoid feminine form of, 24
_auto_, prefer _automobile_ to, 25
_autoist_, prefer _motorist_ to, 24
_automatic pistol_ preferred to _automatic revolver_, 55
_automobile_ preferred to _auto_, 25
_automobilist_, prefer _motorist_ to, 24
_avenue_, capitalization of, 20
_awful_, meaning of, 35
_ax_, spelling of, 51
_axminster_, capitalization of, 20
_ayes and noes_, spelling of, 51
B
_backward_, spelling of, 52
_bacteria_, plural of, 24
_balance_ misused for _rest_, 25
Barred by the Sun, 31
_base ball_, spelling of, 51
_basket ball_, spelling of, 51
_battle_, capitalization of, 18
_bay_, capitalization of, 18
_bazar_, spelling of, 51
_be_, forms of, in heads, 9 omission of, in heads, 10
Belgians, king of, 46
Belgium, king of, misused, 46
Bennett, Arnold, quoted, 23
_beside_ not to be misused for _besides_, 37
_besides_ not to be misused for _beside_, 37
_better half_, prefer _wife_ to, 55
_between_ not to be misused for _among_, 37
_Bible_, capitalization of, 19
_bills_, capitalization of, 19
_birdseye_, spelling of, 51
_birth_, avoid euphemisms regarding, 50
_birthday_, capitalization of, 18
_bishop_, use of, 48
Bleyer, Dr. Willard G., quoted, 6
_blond_, spelling of, 51
_body_ preferred to _remains_, 50
_Bohemian_, capitalization of, 20
Book sizes, 44
_bought_ preferred to _purchased_, 30
_boulevard_, capitalization of, 20
_bovine_ used as adjective, 34
_boy scouts_, capitalization of, 20
_breach_ misused for _breech_, 52
Brevity, 2, 22
_bridegroom_ preferred to _groom_, 25
Bromides, 57
_bros._, use of, 43
_Budapest_, spelling of, 51
_building_, capitalization of, 17
_bureau_, capitalization of, 17
_burial_ preferred to _interment_, 50
Burke, Edmund, quoted, 16
_but that_ preferred to _but what_, 28
_but what_ misused for _but that_, 28
_by_, book illustrated, artist, 37
C
_cabinet_, capitalization of, 17
_cadets_, capitalization of, 20
_caliber of guns_, punctuation of, 22
_caliber_, spelling of, 52
_campfire girls_, capitalization of, 20
_canine_, use as adjective, 34
Cannery, 57
_can not_, spelling of, 51
_cape_, capitalization of, 18
_capital_ misused for _capitol_, 52
Capitalization, rules governing, 17
_capitol_ misused for _capital_, 52
_cardinals_, how referred to, 48
Carlyle, Thomas, quoted, 5
_casket_, prefer _coffin_ to, 50
_catalog_, spelling of, 52
_cello_, spelling of, 52
_century_, use ordinal with, 38
_certainly_, no degrees of, 55
_chamber_, _of deputies_, etc., capitalization, 18
_checks_, spelling of, 51
_Chile_, spelling of, 51
_Chili_, spelling of, 51
Chinese names, 45
Christmas preferred to _Xmas_, 18
_church_, capitalization of, 18 titles, 48
_cigaret_, spelling of, 52
_circumstance_, meaning of, 24
_cities_, abbreviation of, 42
_citizens_ misused for _persons_, 24
City directory, importance of, 5
City editor, telephone to, 4
_civil war_, capitalization of, 18
_claimant_ misused for _clamant_, 52
Clarity, 22-58
Clauses, punctuation of, 22
Cleanliness of thought, 3
Clemens, Samuel L., see Mark Twain, 31
Clock time, how to write, 44
_clubs_, capitalization of, 17
_clue_, spelling of, 51
Cobb, Irvin S., quoted, 35
Cobbett, William, quoted, 34
_coffin_ preferred to _casket_, 50
Collective nouns, 25
_college_, capitalization of, 17
_college degrees_, abbreviation of, 44 capitalization of, 19
_collide_, only moving objects, 30
Colon, use of, 22 capitalization after, 17
_color_, spelling of, 52 of, 49
_comatose_, meaning of, 54
Commas, use of, 22
_compared to_, meaning of, 30
_compared with_, meaning of, 30
_Complected_ preferred to _complexioned_, 55
Compounds, how formed, 48
_consistently with_ preferred to _consistent with_, 33
_condition_, bad, preferred to _bad shape_, 55
_congress_, capitalization of, 18
Conjunctions, punctuation before, 22 in heads, 8 rules governing, 28
_consensus of opinion_, use of, 49
_consist in_ misused for _consist of_, 37
_consist of_ misused for _consist in_, 37
_constitution_, capitalization of, 20
_consul_, confused with _ambassador_, etc., 24 confused with _counsel_, 52
_consummated_, when to avoid, 50
_convict_, prefer _inmate_ to, 59
_cop_ barred, 54
Copy, reading, 6 preparation of, 7
Corrections, making, 1
_council_ confused with _counsel_, 52
_council chamber_, capitalization of, 20
_councilor_ confused with _counselor_, 52
_counsel_ confused with _council_, 52
_counselor_ confused with _councilor_, 52
_county_, capitalization of, 18
_coup de grace_, use of, 54
_coup d'etat_, use of, 54
_couple_, misuse of, 24
_courthouse_, capitalization of, 20
_courts_, capitalization of, 17
Creed, journalist's, 25
_critically_ preferred to _dangerously_, 33
_crown prince_, capitalization of, 17
_Cupid_, avoid use of, 50
_curb_, spelling of, 51
Curiosity, 4
Cuttlefish, 7
_czar_, capitalization of, 17
D
_damaged_, inanimate things are, 30
Dana, Charles A., quoted, 31, 55
dancer, avoid feminine form of, 24
_dangerously_, prefer _alarmingly_ to, 33
Dangling participle, 11
Darwinian theory, 55
Dash in heads, 10
_data_, number of, 24
Date lines, punctuation and capitalization of, 22
Dates, how to write, 38 often called for, 62
_day_, capitalization of, 18
_dealt_, use of, 30
_death_, write simply of, 50
_decalog_, spelling of, 52
_deceased_, prefer _dead_ man to, 50
_declaration of independence_, capitalization of, 18
_decollete_, spelling of, 51
_decoration day_, capitalization of, 18
Definite article misused, 38
_defunct_, avoid use of, 50
_degree of temperature_, use figures for, 38 abbreviation of, 44 capitalization of, 19
_deity_, capitalization of names and pronouns used for, 19
_democrat_, _-ic_, capitalization of, 18
_denial_, use of subjunctive to imply, 29
Department head, 8 capitalization of, 17
_departs_, prefer _leaves_ to, 30
_depositary_ confused with _depository_, 52
_depot_, prefer _station_ to, 25 capitalization of, 20
_de riguer_ to be avoided, 54
Derivatives, capitalization of, 20
Dialect, 14
_dialog_, spelling of, 52
_dick_ to be avoided, 55
Diction, 14
Dictionary, get interested in, 16 sanctions nothing, 50
_different_, when superfluous, 49
_different from_, preferred to _different to_, 37
Dimensions, how to write, 38
_dip_ to be avoided, 55
_dispatch_, spelling of, 51
_distance of_ superfluous, 49
_dive_, past tense of, 30
_dived_ preferred to _dove_, 30
_divine_ to be avoided as noun, 24
Do and don't, 54
_dominion day_, capitalization of, 18
_don't_, use of, 44
Double meaning in heads, 10
Doubling up have's, 31
_dove_, prefer _dived_ to, 30
_Dr._, use of, 48
_draft_, spelling of, 51
_drouth_, spelling of, 51
_duke_, capitalization of, 17
Duke of Argyll, quoted, 22
_duma_, capitalization of, 18 spelling of, 51
E
_each_, preferred to _apiece_, 27 use masculine pronoun with, 27
_eager_ preferred to _anxious_, 35
_East_, _-ern_, _-erner_, capitalization of, 18
Editing copy, 6
Editorial head, 8
_effect_ confused with _affect_, 52
_E. G._, use of, 44
_either_, use of, 27
_emigrant_ confused with _immigrant_, 52
_Emperor_, capitalization of, 17
_employe_, spelling of, 51
Ending a sentence with _to_, 29
End-mark, use of, 7
English money, abbreviation of, 44
_entente_, capitalization of, 19
_enthuse_ to be avoided, 30
_entirely completed_, use of, 49
_envoy_, use of, 24
Epithets, capitalization of, 19
_equally well_, use of, 49
Errors in grammar, 11
_Eskimo_, spelling of, 51
_esthetic_, spelling of, 51
_et al._, use of, 54
Ethics of the profession, 5
Euphony, 71
_event_, use of, 24
Events, names of notable, capitalization of, 18
_every_, use masculine pronoun with, 27
_ex-_, use of, 17
Exception proves the rule, 55
F
_facsimile_, use of, 51
Facts, 2, 4, 8
_faker_ misused for _fakir_, 52
_fakir_ misused for _faker_, 52
_farther_ distinguished from _further_, 33
_favor_, spelling of, 52
_fearful_, meaning of, 35
Feature heads, 8
_feel_, use of, intransitively, 29
_feline_ misused as a noun, 34
Feminine forms of words, 24
_fiance_ and _fiancee_, use of, 54
Fictitious names, capitalization of, 19
Figures, beginning a story, 7 rules governing, 38 punctuation of, 22
_Filipino_, spelling of, 51
Fine writing, 4, 14
Firm names, use of, 42
_first of series_, writing of, 55
First three years of the war, 72-74
_flag_, capitalization of, 19
Flaubert, Camille, quoted, 61
_floral offerings_, use of, 50
_flowers_, use of, 50
_follow copy_, use of phrase, 7
_foot ball_, spelling of, 51
Force, 58
_forecast_, past tense of, 31
_forecasted_, prefer _forecast_ to, 31
_foregoing statement_, use of, 56
Foreign phrases, 2, 14, 54
_former_, capitalization of, 17
_fort_, abbreviation of, 42
_forward_, spelling of, 52
_Fourth of July_, capitalization of, 18
_Fr._, use of, 48
_frisk_, misuse of, 55
_from_ misused with diseases, 37 when to omit, 37
Front page paper, 2
_funeral_, terms referring to, 50
_further_ distinguished from _farther_, 33
_future before him_, phrase to avoid, 49
G
_gaiety_, spelling of, 51
_gaily_, spelling of, 51
Game, newspaper work as a, 3
_garden_, capitalization of, 18
_gat_, misuse of, 55
_gatling_, capitalization of, 20
_gentleman_, use of, 25
Geographical terms, capitalization of, 18
Girls, protection of good name of, 54
_goodby_, spelling of, 51
_government_, capitalization of, 17
_governor_, capitalization of, 17
Grace, 58
Grammar, 11 bad, not funny, 14
Grievance, treatment of reader with a, 2
_grim reaper_ to be avoided, 50
_groom_ misused for _bridegroom_, 25
_guarantee_ misused for _guaranty_, 51
_guillotine_, capitalization of, 20
_grows smaller_, misuse of, 55
_gun_, misuse of, 55
H
Hackneyed phrases, 57
_hall_, capitalization of, 17
Handles, name, 45
_hang_, past tense of, 31
_hanged_, use of, 31
_happen_, use of, 30
_happening_, use of, 24
Heads, 8
_heart disease_, use of, 50 _failure_, use of, 50
_Hebrew_, rules governing use of, 46
_he or she_, avoid, 27
_healthful_, use of, 35
_healthy_, use of, 35
_Herculean_, capitalization of, 20
_high noon_, avoid, 49
_high school_, capitalization of, 19
_highway_, capitalization of, 20
Hill, Adams Sherman, quoted, 71
_Hindu_, spelling of, 51
_his or her_, avoid, 27
_hoard_ confused with _horde_, 52
_hoi polloi_, use of, without article, 49
_holidays_, capitalization of, 18
_holy names_, _places_, _events_, etc., capitalization of, 19
_home_ preferred to _residence_, 25
_homeopathic_, spelling of, 51
_horde_ confused with _hoard_, 52
_hospital_, capitalization of, 17
_hotel_, capitalization of, 17
_house_, _of representatives_, etc., capitalization of, 18 _Hull_, _Palmer_, etc., capitalization of, 17 preferred to _residence_, 25
Howells, William Dean, quoted, 14
_human_ used as adjective, 34
_hung_, use of, 31
_Hymen_, avoid use of, 50
Hyphens, use of, 22
I
_I_, when barred, 27
_-ics_, nouns ending in, 24
_i. e._, use of, 44
_if_ misused for _whether_, 28
Illustration head, 8
_illy_, never use, 33
_immigrant_ confused with _emigrant_, 52
_immoral_ confused with _unmoral_, 52
Impersonal viewpoint, 5
_in a street_, prefer _on a street_ to, 37
_incident_, meaning of, 24
Indefinite figures, 38
Indentions, 7
_india rubber_, capitalization of, 20
_in_ distinguished from _into_, 37
Infinitives, split, 29 time of, 29
_injured_, inanimate things not, 30
inmate preferred to convict, 59
_in order to_, avoid use of, 49
_insanitary_ misused for _unsanitary_, 52
Institutions, Michigan, 59
Instructions, to reporters, 4 to copy readers, 6
Interlining, 7
_interment_, use of, 50
Interrogation point, use of, 22
_into_ distinguished from _in_, 37
_invited guest_, misuse of, 49
_I O U_ written without periods, 43
_island_, capitalization of, 18
_isthmus_, capitalization of, 18
_item_ used for _story_, 55
_its_ distinguished from _it's_, 27
J
_Jew_, use of, 46
Journalist's creed, 25
_judge_, capitalization of, 17 distinguished from justice, 55
_junior_, abbreviation of, 43 capitalization of, 18
_justice_, capitalization of, 17 distinguished from _judge_, 55 of supreme court, 56
K
_kaiser_, capitalization of, 17
_Khartum_, spelling of, 51
_kiddies_, avoid use of, 54
_kidnaped_, spelling of, 51
_kids_, use of, 54
_kind of_ not followed by article, 38
_king_, capitalization of, 17 with Roman numerals, 38
_knight_, use of title of, 46
_Knight Templar_, plural of, 52
_Korea_, spelling of, 51
L
_Labor Day_, capitalization of, 18
_lady_, use of, 25
_la grippe_, omit article with, 49
_lane_, capitalization of, 20
_late_, _the_, use of, 50
_latitude_, use figures to express, 38
Law of libel, 3, 64-71
_laws_, capitalization of, 19
_lay_, use of, 29-30
Leaders, use of, 22
Leads, 7 A. P., 15
_leaves_ preferred to _departs_, 30
_legislative bodies_, capitalization of, 18
_legislature_, capitalization, 18
_Leipzig_, spelling of, 51
_lend_ preferred to _loan_, 30
_lengthy_, prefer _long_ to, 34