Part II.

CHAPTER PAGE

HOW THE MOUNTAINS WERE MADE.

V. HOW THE MATERIALS WERE BROUGHT TOGETHER 139

VI. HOW THE MOUNTAINS WERE UPHEAVED 174

VII. HOW THE MOUNTAINS WERE CARVED OUT 205

VIII. VOLCANIC MOUNTAINS 242

IX. MOUNTAIN ARCHITECTURE 282

X. THE AGES OF MOUNTAINS AND OTHER QUESTIONS 318

ILLUSTRATIONS.

NORHAM CASTLE. After Turner _Frontispiece_

BEN LOMOND. From a Photograph by J. Valentine 16

CLOUDS ON BEN NEVIS 38

SNOW ON THE HIGH ALPS. From a Photograph by Mr. Donkin 64

A STORM ON THE LAKE OF THUN. After Turner 86

THE MATTERHORN. From a Photograph by Mr. Donkin 98

ON A GLACIER. 116

RED DEER. After Ansdell 133

CHALK ROCKS, FLAMBOROUGH HEAD. From a Photograph by G. W. Wilson 152

MICROPHOTOGRAPHS ILLUSTRATING ROCK FORMATION 172

THE SKAEGGEDALSFORS, NORWAY. From a Photograph by J. Valentine 192

THE MER DE GLACE AND MONT BUET. From a Photograph by Mr. Donkin 229

THE ERUPTION OF VESUVIUS IN 1872. From an Instantaneous Photograph 250

COLUMNAR BASALT AT CLAMSHELL CAVE, STAFFA. From a Photograph by J. Valentine 280

MONT BLANC, SNOWFIELDS, GLACIERS, AND STREAMS. 312

MOUNTAIN IN THE YOSEMITE VALLEY. 336

ILLUSTRATIONS II.

Fig. 1. SECTION ACROSS THE WEALD OF KENT AND SURREY. 237

Fig. 2. THE HIGHLANDS OF SCOTLAND ON A TRUE SCALE (after Geikie.) 237

Fig. 1. THE RANGES OF THE GREAT BASIN, WESTERN STATES OF NORTH AMERICA, SHOWING A SERIES OF GREAT FRACTURES AND TILTED MASSES OF ROCK. 272

Fig. 2. SECTION THROUGH SNOWDON. 272

SECTIONS OF MOUNTAIN-RANGES, SHOWING THEIR STRUCTURE AND THE AMOUNT OF ROCK WORN AWAY 306