Part 61

Allin, Family of, 1206 to 1209, 1220; Admiral, 1207, 1208, 1220.

Anagram of Charles I., 1189.

Anguish, Family of, 1208, 1220.

Anne of Cleves, 1152.

“Arcadia,” Sidney’s, 1235.

Archer,1267.

Armada, Spanish, 1036, 1114.

Arms of Manners, 1001, 1006, 1009, 1014; De Todeni, 1003; De Albini, 1003; De Ros, 1003; Duke of Rutland, 1001, 1009, 1014; Duke of Sutherland, 1033, 1042; Leveson, 1042; Earl Delawarr, 1064; Gower, 1042; Howard, 1082; Earl of Carlisle, 1082; Brotherton, 1082; Curzon, 1099; Warren, 1082; Lord Scarsdale, 1099, 1100; Mowbray, 1082; Leake, 1100; Cecil, 1140; Dacre, 1082; Neville, 1121; Greystock, 1082; Lord Braybrooke, 1121; Earl of Stamford, 1128, 1140; Pakington, 1160, 1166, 1171, 1181; Coke, 1189; Lord Hampton, 1160, 1166, 1171, 1181; Lord Palmerston, 1193; Earl Cowper, 1194; Jernegan, 1205; Allin, 1208; Anguish, 1209; Crossley, 1212; Earl of Pembroke, 1229; Duke of Cleveland, 1254, 1255; Vane, 1254; Fitzroy, 1254; Duke of Westminster, 1275; King Edward the Confessor, 1275; Lucas, 1292; Lowther, 1297; Grosvenor, 1275; Earl of Lonsdale, 1295; Clinton, 1322; Pelham, 1322; Cavendish, 1331, 1341; Hardwick, 1332; Holles, 1337; Bentinck, 1338, 1341; Duke of Portland, 1341; Scott, 1341.

Arne, Dr., 1272.

Arundel Marbles, 1232.

Audley End, 1112 to 1127; Family of Audley, 1112 to 1121; Family of Howard, 1112 to 1121; Neville Family, 1119 to 1121; History of, 1121 to 1126; Pepys’s Visits to, 1122 to 1125; Grounds, 1126, 1127.

Audley, Lords, 1112 to 1127.

Axminster Carpets, 1238, 1239.

Ballad of the Spanish Lady, 1035; Henry V. and the King of France, 1188; Lord of Burleigh, 1136; Luck of Eden Hall, 1315.

Bath, 1026.

Baths, Kedleston, 1107; Harrogate, 1108; Quarndon, 1108; Droitwich, 1185.

Baxter, Richard, 1197.

“Belted Will,” 1076.

Belvoir Castle, 1001 to 1031; Situation, 1001; History of, 1017; Families of Ros, Manners, &c., 1003 to 1014; Witches of, 1014 to 1017; Description of, 1018 to 1023; Gardens and Grounds, 1023 to 1030; Neighbourhood of, 1030.

Belvoir Monastery, 1003.

Bentinck, Family of, 1338 to 1341; Lord George, 1340.

“Bess of Hardwick,” 1227, 1334, 1335, 1350.

Boleyn, Anne, 1065, 1146 to 1159; Family of, 1146 to 1159.

Bottesford, 1017, 1030, 1031.

Bourbon, John, Duke of, at Melbourne, 1188.

Braybrooke, Baron, 1119 to 1127.

Briggs, J. J., Lines by, 1200, 1201.

Brine Baths, 1185

Brougham Castle, 1315.

Brougham, Lord, 1315.

Browne, William, Lines by, 1226.

Buckhurst, Lord, 1061.

Buckingham, Duke of, 1267 _et seq._

Burleigh, 1128 to 1146; History of, 1128 to 1131; Family of Cecil, 1131 to 1140; Description of, 1140 to 1146; “Lord of Burleigh,” 1136 to 1138.

Cardigan, Earl of, 1270.

Carlisle, Earls of, 1074 to 1092.

Carlisle, Lord, Poetry of, 1088, 1092.

Carpets, Wilton, 1238, 1239.

Castle Howard, 1074 to 1092; Family of Howard, 1074 to 1083; History of, 1074 to 1083; Description of, 1084 to 1090; Gardens and Grounds, 1090 to 1092.

Cavendish, Family of, 1329 to 1343.

Cecil, Family of, 1131 to 1140.

Chantrey, Statue by, 1039.

Chatsworth, 1227, 1334.

Chester, Earls of, 1273.

Cibber, Statues by, 1027.

Cleveland, Dukes of, 1248 to 1255.

Cliefden, 1265 to 1279; Situation of, 1265 to 1267; History of, 1267 to 1273; Family of Grosvenor, 1273 to 1275; Gardens and Grounds, 1275 to 1279.

Clifton, Battle of, 1315.

Clinton, Family of, 1318 to 1322.

Clough Mills, 1210.

Clumber, 1317 to 1326; Situation, 1317; Family of Pelham, Dukes of Newcastle, 1318 to 1322; Description of, 1322 to 1326; Roman Remains at, 1324, 1325.

Coke, Family of, 1189 to 1193.

Cowper, Earl, Family of, 1192, 1193.

Crossley, Family of, 1209 to 1212.

Curzon, Families of, 1061, 1094 to 1099,

Dacre Castle, 1315.

Dean Clough Mills, 1210.

Delaware, Earls of, 1057 to 1064.

Derby Fly, 1108; Hills, 1188.

Devonshire, Dukes of, 1330 _et seq._

Dixon, Sonnet by, 1313.

Donington Cliff, 1201, 1202.

Droitwich, 1184, 1185; Baths, 1185; Tesselated Pavement, 1184.

Drumburgh, Roman Remains, 1305, 1308.

Duffield, 1111.

Duke’s Walking-stick, 1353.

Eamont Bridge, 1315.

Eden Hall, Luck of, 1315.

Espec, Family of, 1003 _et seq._

Evelyn at Audley End, 1124; Welbeck, 1355.

Exeter, Countess of, Lines on, 1134.

Fairfax, Lord, 1271.

Fane, Family of, 1248 to 1285.

Ferrars, 1111.

Flower, Joan, the Witch, 1014 to 1017.

Gernon, Family of, 1329.

Gladstone, W. E., Inscription by, 1041.

Godolphin-Osborne, Family of, 1208 to 1210.

Gower, Family of, 1037 to 1042.

Gower, John, the Poet, 1045.

Greendale Oak, 1355.

Greystoke Castle, 1316.

Grosvenor, Family of, 1273 to 1275.

Gunpowder Plot, 1115.

Guy Fawkes, 1115.

Hackthorpe, 1316.

Haddon Hall, 1026.

Halifax and the Crossleys, 1209 to 1212.

Hamilton, Lord George, 1271.

Hampton, Lords, 1180, 1181.

Hampton Lovett Church, 1181 to 1183.

Hardinge, Lords, 1198.

Hardwick, Family of, 1352; Hall, 1334.

Haweswater, 1312.

Henderskelf Castle, 1083.

Herbert, Family of, 1225 to 1229, 1236.

Hermitage, The, 1316.

Hever Castle, 1065, 1147 to 1159; Family of Boleyn, 1147 to 1159; Family of Waldo, 1152 to 1155; History of, 1155 to 1159; Description of, 1155 to 1159.

Holles, Family of, 1337.

Holy Well at King’s Newton, 1200.

“Horsemanship,” Duke of Newcastle’s, 1341 _et seq._

Howard, Family of, 1075 to 1092, 1113 to 1121.

Ireton, General, 1111.

Jernegan, Family of, 1202 to 1205.

Jonson, Ben, 1226, 1352.

Kedleston Hall, 1093 to 1111; History of, 1093 to 1102; Family of Curzon, 1094 to 1099; Leake Family, 1099, 1100; Description of, 1101 to 1107; Park and Grounds, 1107 to 1109; Baths, 1107; Oaks, 1108; Church, 1109 to 1111; Monuments, 1109, 1110; Neighbourhood of, 1111; Fly, 1108.

King’s Newton, 1198 to 1202; Charles I. at, 1198.

Kirkby Thore, Roman Remains, 1305 _et seq._

Kirk Ireton, 1111.

Knole, 1056 to 1073; Families to whom it has belonged, 1057 to 1067; History of, 1064; Description of, 1066 to 1073; Grounds, 1073.

Lamb, Family of, 1190 to 1193; Lady Caroline, 1190; Hon. George, Lines by, 1195.

Leveson, Family of, 1034 to 1042.

Leveson-Gower, Family of, 1034 to 1042.

Long Meg and her Daughters, 1315.

Lonsdale, Earl of, 1291 to 1316.

“Lord of Burleigh,” 1136 to 1138.

Lowther Castle, 1291 to 1316; Situation, 1316; History of, 1297, 1316, 1317; Family of Lowther, 1292 to 1297, 1313, 1314; Description of, 1297 to 1311; Roman Remains at, 1305 to 1311; Gardens and Grounds, 1311 to 1313; Neighbourhood of, 1315.

Lowther, Family of, 1292 to 1297, 1313, 1314; Church and Monuments, 1313, 1314.

“Lusty Pakington” and Queen Elizabeth, 1172, 1176.

Mackworth Castle, 1111.

Manners, Family of, 1001 to 1031.

Markeaton Hall, 1111.

Melbourne Hall, 1186 to 1202; History of Melbourne, 1186 to 1188; Family of Coke, 1189 to 1193; Family of Lamb, 1190 to 1193; Melbourne, Lords, 1190 to 1193; Lord Palmerston, 1192, 1193; Earl Cowper, 1193, 1194; Gardens, 1194 to 1197; Description of, 1186 to 1197; Church, 1197, 1198; Places in Neighbourhood, 1188 to 1202; Richard Baxter at, 1197.

Melbourne, Viscounts, Family of, 1189 to 1193.

Mugginton, 1111.

Mundy Family, 1199.

Napoleon Bonaparte, Abdication Table, 1300.

Nevil, Family of, 1246 to 1248.

Newcastle, Duke of, Family of, 1318 to 1322; Cavendish, Duke of, 1334 _et seq._; Margaret Duchess of, 1336.

Nursery Rhyme, 1299.

Oaks at Welbeck, 1353 to 1356.

Old John of the Hill, 1013.

Orkney, Countess of, 1271.

Osborne, Family of, 1208 to 1210.

Pakington, Family of, 1166, 1167, 1171 to 1181; Pound, 1174.

Palmerston, Lord, Family of, 1190 to 1193.

Parliament Oak, 1356.

Pedigree Tomb at Lowther, 1314.

Pelham, Family of, 1318, 1322.

Pembroke, Earls of, 1225 to 1241.

Penrith, Roman Remains, 1305, 1306; Town, &c., 1315; Altar-piece, 1315.

Penshurst, 1065.

Pepys, Samuel, at Audley End, 1122 to 1125; at Raby Castle, 1251; Triple Duel, 1268, 1269.

Peto, Samuel Morton, 1209, 1217, 1220.

Plague at Penrith, &c., 1315.

Plumpton, Roman Remains, 1305.

Pope, Lines on Duke of Buckingham, 1271.

Portland, Duke of, 1326 to 1356.

Portland Vase, 1045.

Quarndon, 1108.

Queen Elizabeth and “Lusty Pakington,” 1172, 1176; and Cecil, 1131; at Wilton, 1235.

Raby Castle, 1243 to 1264; Park and Grounds, 1243 to 1245; History of, 1245 to 1263; Raby Figs and Currants, 1245; Family of Nevil, 1246 to 1248; Family of Vane or Fane, 1248 to 1255; Description of, 1255 to 1264; Neighbourhood of, 1265.

Roger de Coverley, Sir, 1175.

Roman Remains at Lowther, 1304 to 1310; at Clumber, 1324, 1325.

Ros, De, Family of, 1004 to 1006.

Rowsley, 1012.

Rule Britannia, 1272.

Rutland, Dukes of, 1001 to 1031, 1037.

Ruysdael Oak, 1354.

Sackville Family, 1057 to 1064.

Saffron Walden, 1126.

“Saint’s Rest,” 1197.

Salisbury Cathedral, 1239 to 1241.

Scarsdale, Barons, 1094 to 1100.

Scrope and Grosvenor Roll, 1275.

Seven Sisters, 1353, 1354.

Sharrow Bay, 1316.

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 1287 to 1289; Family of, 1287 to 1289.

Sherwood Forest, 1317, 1326, 1335.

Shrewsbury, Countess of, 1227, 1268.

Sidneys, The, 1226 to 1229.

Somerleyton, 1203 to 1223; Family of Jernegan, 1202 to 1205; Family of Wentworth, 1205 to 1208; Family of Anguish, 1208; Families of Peto and Crossley, 1209 to 1212; Park and Grounds, 1212 to 1217; Description of, 1217 to 1219; Church and Monuments, 1219 to 1221; Neighbourhood of, 1222.

Sonnet on Belvoir, 1029; on Howard, 1076; on Lowther, 1313.

Spanish Lady’s Love, 1035.

Staindrop, 1264.

Stamford, Earls of, 1131 to 1140.

Stonehenge, 1241.

Sutherland, Dukes of, 1032 to 1055, 1272.

Temple, Family of, 1192.

Tennyson’s “Lord of Burleigh,” 1136.

Thompson, Jacob, 1315, 1316.

Tile Memorials, 1050.

Todeni, Family of, 1003 _et seq._

Trentham, 1032 to 1055, 1272; Monastery, 1033, 1034; History of, 1033 to 1043; Families of Leveson, Leveson-Gower, &c., 1034 to 1042; Description of, 1044 to 1048; Church, 1048 to 1050; Monuments, 1049, 1050; Grounds and Gardens, 1050 to 1055.

Triple Duel, 1268.

Two Porters, 1353, 1354.

Ulleswater, 1312.

Underground Rooms, 1347.

Vanbrugh, Sir John, 1083, 1084, 1125.

Vane, Family of, 1248 to 1255.

Villiers, Family of, 1267.

Waldo Family, 1152 to 1155.

Walton, Izaak, 1236.

Warnham Court, 1280 to 1290; Situation, 1290; Family of Lucas, 1292; Description of, 1282 to 1287; Shelley Family, 1287.

Welbeck, 1327 to 1356; Situation, 1327; History of, 1327 to 1329; Families of Cavendish, Holles, Hardwick, Bentinck, 1329 to 1341; Dukes of Portland, 1327 to 1356; Old View of, 1342; Duke of Newcastle’s “Horsemanship,” 1342; Description of, 1343 to 1352; Royal Visits, 1352; Park, 1353 to 1356; Greendale and other Oaks, 1353 to 1356; Neighbourhood of, 1356.

Wentworth, Family of, 1205 to 1208; Sir John, 1206, 1207, 1220.

Westminster, Duke of, Family of, 1265 to 1279.

Westmoreland Worthies, 1300; Lakes, 1316.

Weston Cliff, 1201.

Westwood Park, 1160 to 1185; Situation, 1160 to 1162; Description of, 1162 to 1170; Family of Pakington, 1166, 1167, 1171 to 1181; Pakington’s Pound, 1174; “Whole Duty of Man,” 1178; Hampton Lovett Church, 1181 to 1183; Monuments, 1181 to 1183; Droitwich, 1184, 1185.

Whitely Court, 1185.

Wilton House, 1225 to 1241; Family of Herbert, 1225 to 1229; the Sidneys, 1226 to 1229; History of, 1229 to 1232; Description of, 1231 to 1234; the Grounds, 1234, 1235; “Arcadia,” 1235; Sidney Herbert, 1236; Church, 1237, 1238; Wilton Carpets, 1238, 1239; Salisbury Cathedral, 1239 to 1241; Stonehenge, 1241.

Windsor, 1266, 1301.

Witches of Belvoir, 1014 to 1017.

Wolverhampton, Monuments at, 1036.

Worcester, Battle of, 1177.

Worksop, 1317, 1326, 1327.

Yates’s Carpets, 1238.

THE END.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The principal architects employed were Mr. Allason and Mr. Abraham; Mr. Loudon also had something to do, later on, with the laying out of the grounds.

[2] “Alton Towers and Dove-Dale.” By Llewellynn Jewitt, F.S.A. (Black and Co.) The Roman Catholic establishment just referred to is close to the pretty little town of Alton, in which the visitor will find an excellent and comfortable inn (the “White Hart”). The intention of the founder, and of the architect, Pugin, in the establishment of the picturesque pile of buildings referred to, was to found an institution, lecture-hall, schools, &c., for the town of Alton; a large cloistered establishment for nuns, a chapel, and a hospital for decayed priests. The chapel alone is finished, and in it service is regularly performed by a resident priest, who lives in one part of the monastic buildings. The schools, too, are in use, and the building erected as a residence for the master is used as a small nunnery. In the chapel, which is elegantly fitted up, are buried John, Earl of Shrewsbury, the founder of the hospital, who died in 1852; his Countess (Maria Theresa), who died in 1856, to each of whom are splendid monumenta

[3] Jewitt’s “Alton Towers and Dove Dale.”

[4] Parts of this account are borrowed from Mr. S. C. Hall’s description of Cobham, printed in 1848 in the “Baronial Halls.” During the summer of 1867, Mr. Hall revisited the venerable mansion, its gardens and park, with the members of the Society of Noviomagus.

[5] “Cobham, anciently Coptham; that is, the head of a village, from the Saxon _copt_, a head.”—PHILIPOT. _Survey of Kent_.

[6] Sir Thomas Broke and Joan de Cobham, his wife, had ten sons and four daughters. It is their tomb which occupies so prominent a position in the chancel of Cobham Church.

[7] Under a most iniquitous sentence, Raleigh was executed fifteen years after it was pronounced; and Cobham (by whose treachery the brave knight was chiefly convicted) had been a houseless wanderer meanwhile, perishing unpitied and unwept. Of their intimacy there is no doubt; and it is more than probable, that the old Hall we are describing was often the home of Sir Walter Raleigh when conspicuous as “the noble and valorous knight.” It is grievous to think that so great a “worthy” should have been sacrificed to the pitiful cowardice of so “poor a soul” as the last of the Cobhams—the degenerate scion of a munificent and valorous race.

[8] Sir Joseph Williamson was the son of a clergyman of Cumberland. He held various appointments under the Crown, was President of the Royal Society, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

[9] “Lady Katherine O’Brien died in November following; upon which her two-thirds of this manor and seat, which, with the rest of the estates of the late Duke of Richmond, purchased by Sir Joseph Williamson, descended to Edward, Lord Clifton and Cornbury (son of Edward, Lord Cornbury, afterwards Earl of Clarendon, and Catherine his wife, the only daughter and heir of the said Lady Katherine, by her first husband, Henry Lord O’Brien), and on his death, without issue, in 1713, to his only surviving sister and heir, the Lady Theodosia Hyde.”—HASTED’S _Kent_.

[10] In 1718 Sir Richard Temple, Bart., was created Baron and Viscount Cobham (the Temples, it appears, being in the female line connected with the Brokes), and this title is still held and enjoyed by his descendant the present Duke of Buckingham, K.G., whose titles are Baron Cobham, of Cobham in Kent; Viscount Cobham of the same place; Earl Nugent (in the peerage of Ireland); Earl Temple; Marquis of Chandos, Marquis of Buckingham, and Duke of Buckingham.

[11] The architect is C. F. Hayward, F.S.A. It is a handsome building, immediately fronting the Terminus, of a style which may be described as a free treatment of Gothic architecture, without any of the special characteristics which refer to one particular date—in fact, it is a modern design, well adapted to its purposes and position, and of substantial build, being of granite and limestone—combined with lightness and even elegance in certain details of terra-cotta work, from the well-known manufactory of Blashfield of Stamford.

From the lantern tower of the hotel, rising far above the buildings near, and also from some of the windows in the upper floor, is to be obtained a magnificent view of the Sound, with the near Breakwater, and the Eddystone Lighthouse, “far out at sea;” while the grassy slopes of lovely Mount Edgcumbe and its tree-capped heights are seen to rise in front, overhanging the land-locked harbour, called Hamoaze.

[12] The grounds are on Mondays freely open to all comers; but on any day visitors will be admitted to them by application at the Manor Office, Stonehouse, near to the ferry by which passengers are conveyed across. There is, however, a road for carriages; but that implies a drive of twelve miles there and twelve miles back, besides the drive of five or six miles round the Park.

[13] The date of the erection of Maker Church is not known. It was originally dedicated to St. Julian, and there is a well near the church still designated St. Julian’s well.

[14] The name of Cothele is conjectured to be hence derived: _coit_ being a wood in ancient Cornish, and _hel_ a river: the wood by the river, or, in a mixture of British and Old English, the hall in the wood, _healle_ being a hall or manor-house. The name occurs in many very ancient records, _temp._ Henry III., “William Cothele engages to defend by his body, _in duel_, the right of Roger de Wanton and Katerine, his wife, to lands in Somerset against William de Deveneys.”

[15] It is now the residence of the Dowager Countess Mount-Edgcumbe, who, we rejoice to know, cherishes every portion of the venerable mansion, with its decorations and contents. It is made thoroughly comfortable, yet without in the slightest degree impairing its “natural” character; scarcely, indeed, displacing a single relic of antiquity, of which every room contains some singular, interesting, and often beautiful, examples. The people are admitted freely to the woods and grounds; and parties visit there nearly every day—a steamboat running daily, in summer, up the Tamar, from Plymouth.

[16] Carew describes the building as “_auncient_, large, strong, and faire;” he was born in 1555, and wrote before 1600; and would scarcely have described a building as “auncient,” which had been erected only a century before his time. He describes also the chapel as “richly furnished by the devotion of times past.”

[17] At Watcombe, a pretty village two miles from Torquay, there has recently been established a manufactory of works in terra-cotta. They originated in the discovery of clay of remarkable fineness and delicacy, and beauty of colour. The productions issued by the works are of great excellence in design and execution: they are deservedly popular.

[18] For several of the engravings that are introduced into the following papers upon Alnwick Castle we desire to tender our best thanks to his Grace the Duke of Northumberland; they were originally printed in a history of the illustrious family of the Percies, of which a few copies were presented to private friends.

[19] Thus writes one of the Lords Wardens, _temp._ Eliz.: “God blessed me so well in all my designs as I never made journey in vain, but did what I went for;” _i.e._, “hanging or heading.”

[20] The name of Alnwick has been variously spelt at different periods. Thus, among other ways, it has been spelt Alnawic, Alnewyke, Alnewyc, Alnewick, Annwik, Annewic, Annewyke, Anwik, Anwick, &c. Formerly it appears to have been pronounced with the Scotch twang, _An-ne-wick_, as though spelt in three syllables. It is now by all natives of the place called Annick. _Aln_ (the name of the river), like the names of our rivers, hills, and mountains, is Celtic, or ancient British, and was given by one of the earliest tribes settling in Britain; for in Hiberno-Celtic we have _Alain_, signifying white, bright, or clear. Alnwick (_wick_ being a street, village, or dwelling-place), therefore, is the town on the bright clear river.

[21] The first Sir Hugh Smithson died in 1670: he had a nephew who was a physician in Sussex, and spent almost all his fortune also in the royal cause. His son again was a physician, and practised in London, and married a daughter of Sir Edward Walpole, of Lincolnshire. The fact of these two collaterals being medical men, probably gave rise to the story of Sir Hugh having been brought up to be an apothecary.

[22] Mr. Burrell had four daughters, of whom the eldest married Captain Bennett, R.N.; the second married Lord Algernon Percy, second son of the first duke, and was grandmother of the present Duke of Northumberland; the third sister was the second Duchess of Northumberland; and the youngest sister married, first, the Duke of Hamilton, and, secondly, the Marquess of Exeter. Mr. Burrell’s only son married a peeress in her own right, and was himself created Baron Gwydyr.

[23] Minute and most faithful descriptions of the restorations at Alnwick Castle are given by Mr. George Tate, F.G.S., of Alnwick, in his copious and excellent “History of the Borough, Castle, and Barony of Alnwick,” a work which does honour to the literature, not of the north only, but of England, and will always be highly esteemed as a valuable contribution to that important department of the national literature which comprehends our topographical histories.

[24] There is, however, one of comparatively recent date, built on the site of the ancient gate: it is still called the Potter Gate.

[25] The fine five-light east window of St. Paul’s Church is filled with some of the most remarkable stained glass in England; it was executed by Max Ainmüller at Munich, in 1856, from cartoons designed and drawn by Mr. Dyce, R.A., and is a memorial window erected by public subscription to commemorate the noble founder of the church.

[26] While serving in the Crusade under Richard, Earl of Cornwall, Ralph Fulborne visited the friars who were then established upon Mount Carmel; and attracted, it is said, by their piety and holy lives, he brought back with him to his Northumbrian home some of the Carmelite brethren, and built them a house in his own land, which might serve in some degree to remind them of their Syrian Carmel: for at Hulne they found a hill, with a river flowing at the foot of it, and around was a forest, just as a forest had surrounded them when far away in the East.

[27] The park and grounds are always freely open to “the people,” and, on stated occasions, parts of the castle. This is a boon of magnitude, not only to the inhabitants of the town and district, but to many who come from far distances to obtain free air and healthful recreation from Nature where her aspect is most cheering and her influence most invigorating. On the 20th of August, 1868, on arriving at the Alnwick Station, we met upwards of 2,000 men, women, and children, who had been enjoying a day in the Park. It was the annual pic-nic of persons employed by the Jarrow Chemical Works (Newcastle-on-Tyne), they were accompanied, not only by the overseers, but the partners of the firm. A more orderly crowd it would have been impossible to have met anywhere.

[28] A further notice of Hobbes and his works will be found in our account of Chatsworth, on a subsequent page.