PART I.—From its Commencement in 1899 to the Capture of General

Cronje’s Forces at Paardeburg. Translated by Colonel W. H. H. WATERS, R.A., C.V.O. PART II.—The Advance to Pretoria, the Upper Tugela Campaign, etc., etc. Translated by Colonel HUBERT DU CANE, R.A., M.V.O.

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THE BOOK OF WAR.

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A WEEK AT WATERLOO IN 1815.

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THE LIFE OF HENRY PELHAM, FIFTH DUKE OF NEWCASTLE.

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FOOTNOTES

[1] [To economize ammunition at manœuvres, batteries sometimes signal that they are firing instead of actually doing so.—ED.]

[2] [What in the British Army are colloquially known as “Pow-wows.”—ED.]

[3] [1903.—ED.]

[4] Independent fire is difficult to control, and almost impossible to stop in action.

[5] [The Cross of St. George corresponds to our Victoria Cross, but is more easily won.—ED.]

[6] [Russian regiments in Europe, as a rule, consist of four battalions. East Siberian Rifle regiments in the late war had three.—ED.]

[7] [Liao-yang.—ED.]

[8] [The Sha Ho.—ED.]

[9] [Hsi-ping-kai, Kung-chu-ling, and Kuang-cheng-tzu.—ED.]

[10] [1903.—ED.]

[11] [See next page.—ED.]

[12] It was followed by the 2nd Infantry Division; 10th and 17th Army Corps; 5th Siberian Corps; 1st Army Corps, and 6th Siberian Corps.

[13] The leading units of the 10th Army Corps arrived on June 30.

[14] Sixty miles by a road which the rains had made very difficult.

[15] [A European Russian regiment contains four battalions.—ED.]

[16] My report of June 20.

[17] The officer commanding the 2nd Manchurian Army stated that the whole war strength of his force (total of rifles, sabres, guns, with twenty-five men to a gun, and ten to a machine-gun) constituted, on an average, only half the actual numbers.

[18] This amounted in some units to as much as 20 per cent. in men, and 30 per cent. in officers.

[19] [Behind and between armies.—ED.]

[20] [One man on one full day’s work.—ED.]

[21] [General Kuropatkin’s views on this point appear to have changed, see p. 270.—ED.]

[22] [Who had succeeded Grippenberg in the command of the 2nd Army.—ED.]

[23] Or sergeant-majors.

[24] [On account of student disorders that had led to the closing of the Universities.—ED.]

[25] Medical students.

[26] [General Kuropatkin himself.—ED.]

[27] Our communications were threatened, and the Yen-tai Mines on the flank were in the enemy’s hands.

[28] The retirement from Liao-yang was orderly, while that from Mukden more nearly approached a rout; but it is not certain that the Russians were really beaten at the former place when the decision to retire was made.—ED.

[29] [_Sic._ This seems almost incredible.—ED.]

[30] [The portion of this chapter which immediately follows deals in great detail with the breakdown of the unit organization. It has been separated from the text, and is given in Appendix II.—ED.]

[31] When the appointments of Inspector-Generals were created, some confusion resulted between the powers of these and that of the district commanders.

[32] Two in the two brigades, and two on the divisional staff.

[33] [Service with the colours in Russia has been reduced generally from five to three years.—ED.]

[34] The transport was not fully horsed.

[35] [By this expression is meant a land not belonging to Russia.—ED.]

[36] [The term used by common folk in Russia when addressing men of higher birth.—ED.]

[37] Owing to famine in the Kholm district in the years just before the war, the reservists in it were called up later than those in the neighbouring districts, and the majority of them were consequently stationed on the line of communications.

[38] [Summary courts-martial under martial law.—ED.]

[39] With two-wheeled baggage-carts, the number has to be increased by an additional fifty-four men.

[40] Cooks and mess caterers, eighteen of each—_i.e._, sixteen per company, and two with scout sections, one mounted, one dismounted.

[41] Three per company.

[42] [This is taking a regiment at 4,000—_i.e._, the men actually in the firing-line and not employed specially—for scout sections, etc.—ED.]

[43] I several times reported to the War Minister that the despatch of drafts to fill up wastage in the units already at the front was much more necessary than the despatch to us of fresh units.

[44] [Battle of Hei-kou-tai.—Ed.]

[45] Colonel Ujin’s pack-telephone system, which I tried in Manchuria, is a very good one.

[46] [Presumably squares on a map.—ED.]

[47] Artillery regiments to be subordinate in all respects as regards command to the divisional commander. The commander of an artillery brigade must technically superintend and inspect all batteries with an army corps.

[48] One cavalry regiment per division.

[49] One sapper battalion and one company of sappers per division; one mining and two telegraph companies as corps troops.

[50] [_Sic._ This word is rather misleading. Some formation less than a regiment is meant.—ED.]

[51]

Voiskovoi Starshina = Lieutenant-Colonel } Esaoul = Captain } Of Sotnik = Lieutenant } Cossacks. Khorunji = Cornet }

[52] In the wars with Turkey and Persia, in the Caucasus and Central Asia.

[53] [The first portion of this chapter, which is a recapitulation of what has already been written in Chapters I. to VII., has been omitted from this translation. What is now given touches more upon the war itself.—ED.]

[54] [About 1–1/3 miles to the inch.—ED.]

[55] [_Sic._ Killed and wounded (see p. 207, Vol I.).—ED.]

[56] [At the Sha Ho.—ED.]

[57] [At Mukden.—ED.]

[58] [Possibly the author refers to China, Japan, and India being young in a national sense.—ED.]

[59] [? Telegram.—ED.]

[60] [General Linievitch.—ED.]

[61] [? 1904 and 1905 also.—ED.]

[62] [The name of General Kuropatkin’s country estate in the province of Pskoff.—ED.]

[63] [This chapter is composed of the introduction and conclusion to