Part 6

From a late London paper it appears, that a new and easy method has lately been discovered, in England, of preventing the destruction of the young turnip plants by the fly, and for which the discoverer was rewarded with 200 guineas. It is merely to sow about 2 _lbs._ of radish seed on every acre of turnip land, with the turnip seed; the fly, preferring to feed on the radish plants, will, in such case, leave the turnip plants unmolested.

One of the most effectual methods of preventing the ascent of insects on fruit trees, in the spring, is to draw a streak of tar round the body of the tree; but the surface of this soon becomes incrusted by the warmth of the atmosphere, and then the insects are enabled to pass this barrier. To remedy this, mix a proportion of oil with the tar, which will prevent the hardening of the exterior for a considerable length of time; and when the effects of the oil are dissipated, let the exterior be again softened with oil.--This plan is certainly one of the most efficacious for preventing insects from ascending the bodies of fruit trees.

_The scab in sheep._--The shepherds, in Spain, cure this disease with an ointment made of the trunk and roots of the juniper, by breaking them in small pieces, and infusing them in water. The sheep of this country are, however, but little liable to the scab.

It is a fact well ascertained, that when apple trees are in bloom, if the _farina_ be gathered from the blossoms of a tree bearing sour fruit, and scattered on those of a tree bearing sweet, the apples produced from these blossoms will partake of the flavour of both trees. In this way the flavour of fruit may be changed for the better--a matter worthy of note, though perhaps not very profitable in practice.

From Munich, Germany, we learn that Dr Vogel has announced the important discovery, that sulphuric acid, diluted with a certain proportion of water, and then applied to saw dust, to old linen, to paper, &c. will change these substances into gum and saccharine matter. M. Chaptal, somewhere in his book on chymistry, has ventured to offer his opinion, very modestly however, that even the chemical art of making gold (the great secret of the philosopher's stone) will yet be discovered--that chymists will yet be convinced that all matter is the same, only different modifications.

_Calculation of the Period of a Second Deluge._--According to the calculations of the learned astronomer of Bremen, M. Olbers, after a lapse of 83,000 years, a comet will approach to the earth in the same proximity as the moon; after 4,000,000 years it will approach to the distance of 7,700 geographical miles, and then, if its attraction equals that of the earth, the waters of the ocean will be elevated 13,000 feet, and a deluge will necessarily ensue! after a lapse of 220,000,000 years, it will clash with the earth.

During the late inundation of the Rhine, a hare, dislodged by the water took refuge in a tree. One of the boatmen who were traversing the inundated country, in canoes, to pick up the sufferers, observed the hare, steered for the tree, and without making his boat fast, climbed hastily up to seize the poor animal. The hare perceiving his danger, sprang from the tree into the boat, which was put in motion by the leap of the hare, and floated down the stream, leaving the boatman in his place upon the tree, in the disagreeable necessity of watching the rise of the waters.

The Rhetorical Society at Cortryk, in the Netherlands, has lately offered a gold, and a silver medal, as a prize for a poem of 100 lines, and an epitaph of 12 lines, upon Kotzebue.

From a London paper we have the following advertisement--A _new species of man_. Among the wonders of nature none have exceeded this extraordinary phenomenon--a man covered with scales, that rattle at the touch, is now in exhibition at the public rooms, 23, Bond Street. Physicians and natural philosophers will find an extensive field open for their inquiries.

By another of a late date it appears, that in Dublin a _steam coach_ is advertised to commence running between that city and Belfast, on the 1st Feb. and is to run from one city to the other, and return every day. It is calculated to run at the rate of about 13 Irish (equal to about 20 English) miles an hour. It is to carry the mail between the two cities. It is calculated that it will be found a safer mode of conveyance for passengers than carriages drawn by horses. The whole weight of the carnage and apparatus is estimated at about 4 tons.

_Fires._--A letter from St. Thomas, of the 2d March, mentions that the whole city of Ponce, in Porto Rico, with the exception of one church, was destroyed by fire on the 27th of the preceding month. On the 1st of January last, a fire broke out at Smyrna, which consumed 1500 buildings. On the night of the 2d March, a spacious hotel in Lexington, (Ken) was consumed--loss estimated at 40,000 dollars.

From Pittsburg, it appears that a part of the vast beds of coal in the hills surrounding that place, has been on fire for about 25 years past; that the fire has, until lately, remained in a smouldering state, but has at length got vent, and that during the night it now exhibits the appearance of flame like a volcano. It is apprehended that much of the valuable material of coal, in the vicinity of that place, will probably be consumed before the fire will become extinguished.

At Canton, the imports from the U. States, for the last season, are stated at 7,414,000 dollars, in specie, and 2,693,011 dollars, in merchandize; exceeding that of the English Company three or four millions.

Congress have passed a law for taking another census of the United States. The enumeration to commence on the first Monday of August next, and to be completed in six months thereafter. Accounts of manufacturing establishments, and of the numbers is employed therein, are to be duly noted.

_A Check to Intemperance._--The select men in Bedford, (Mass.) have posted up, at the tavern in the town, a list of the names of persons notoriously addicted to drunkenness, and forbidden the sale of liquor to them, under penalty of the laws of that state against intemperate drinking.

The steam-boat Swift, rigged as a brig, is to depart from New York, _for Rio de Janeiro_, on the 5th of May--is now advertising for freight and passengers.

The grand jury of Putnam county, (Geo.) lately presented, as a grievance existing there, (and probably not less there than in many places elsewhere) the practice, indulged in by the bar of villifying, without sufficient cause, the characters of suitors and witnesses. They request the aid of the court in discountenancing insolence of this kind.

From a late Petersburgh, (Va.) paper, we have the following account of part of the remains of the formidable confederate tribes of Indians, found in Virginia when Sir Walter Raleigh first ascended St. James' river, at the head of which confederacy was Powhattan, the father of the celebrated Pocahontas. These remains are a few of the tribes of the Nottoways, to which tribe Powhattan belonged, the Panunkies and a few of the Mattahonies. Of the Nottoways, says the account, only 27 now remain, at the head of which is a woman, styled their queen, of the name of Edie Turner, of the age of about 60, and said to be quite intelligent, though illiterate. She is comfortably situated in a cottage, with the necessaries of life about her, and her share of the lands, (about 7000 acres, on Nottoway river,) tolerably well cultivated. The language of her tribe is only spoken by her and two others. It is said to be of Celtic origin, and as harmonious and expressive as the Erse, Irish, or Welch.

_'Benefit of Clergy.'_--Paper was not made earlier than the fourteenth century--and printing in the century following. The art of reading made a very slow progress. To encourage it in England, the capital punishment of death was remitted if the criminal could read, which is termed 'Benefit of Clergy.' Yet so small an edition of the Bible as 600 copies translated into English in the time of Henry VIII. was not wholly sold off in three years.

_Nugæ Antiquæ._--Before A. D. 1545, ships of war in England had no port-holes for guns; they had only a few cannon placed on the deck.

There is no mention of writing in the time of Homer. Ciphers, invented in Hindoostan, were brought into France from Arabia about the end of the tenth century.

_Respiration in Frogs._--It appears from a series of curious experiments, performed by M. Edwards, that frogs, toads, and lizards, are preserved alive and in health under water for weeks, by means of the air contained in the water, which they abstract, not by the lungs but by the skin.

_Chinese Alphabet._--The Chinese have 11,000 letters in use, and in maters of science they employ 60,000, but their articulate sounds do not exceed thirty.

_Method of rendering Glass less brittle._--Let the glass vessel be put into a vessel of cold water, and let this water be heated boiling hot, and then allowed to cool slowly of itself, without taking out the glass. Glasses treated in this way may, while cold, be suddenly filled with boiling hot water without any risk of their cracking. The gentleman who communicates the method, says, that he has often cooled such glasses to the temperature of 10°, and poured boiling water in them without experiencing any inconvenience from the suddenness of the change. If the glasses are to be exposed to a higher temperature than that of boiling water, boil them in oil.

POULTRY.

From the European Magazine.

SIR--As the following account, together with the few observations I have made on the management and feeding of fowls, may prove acceptable, and afford some useful hints to many among the numerous readers of your entertaining and widely-circulated miscellany, you will oblige me by giving them a place in your work.

I procured two pullets of the black Spanish kind, which were hatched in June, 1818, and fed them constantly myself twice a day, alternating their food, that is, I gave them corn in the morning, and in the afternoon boiled potatoes mixed with _fresh_ bran, but I never allowed them to take a _full meal_ of corn. They had a small orchard to range in, where, in the course of the day, they occasionally picked up worms and other insects; and, I have observed that poultry of all kinds eagerly seek for animal food even after they have satiated themselves with corn: indeed, I conceive a portion of animal food essentially requisite to preserve them in a healthy state.

The above-mentioned pullets began to lay about the middle of November, and continued to do so till within the last ten days, when they began to moult their feathers, having produced _three hundred and sixty-seven eggs much larger and finer than those of the common fowl_. Seven eggs weigh 1 pound avoirdupois, so that I have been furnished with the astonishing weight of more than 53 pounds of nutritious and wholesome food from _two hens_. They were never _broody_, nor shewed a disposition to sit at any time during the whole season, and I understand this property is peculiar to this species of fowl: it is, however, an advantage than otherwise, as the common kinds can incubate their eggs, and foster their young.

G. C. JENNER.

_October 14th, 1819._

_Ancient Advice to Parents._

TEACH CHILDREN

Obedience, } and they shall {bless thee. Modesty, } {not be ashamed. Gratitude, } { receive benefits. Charity, } {gain love. Temperance,} {have wealth.

Prudence, } and {Fortune will attend {them. Justice, } {they will be honoured {by the world.

Sincerity, } {own hearts will not {reproach them. Diligence, } and their {Wealth will increase. Benevolence, } {Minds will be exalted. Science, } {Lives will be useful. Religion, } {Death will be happy.

_Comfortable Discovery._--"Laugh and grow fat" was the grand ancient specific for long life--"every sigh and groan drove a nail into our coffins," whilst a contrary excitation of the risible organs drew one out.--Truly every generation groweth wiser, and we may live to witness ocular proofs that pain is merely an alleviator of indigestion, and the repudiation of a limb, under the doctor's saw, a pleasant and exhilarating morning exercise; in short, what may we not expect after reading the following:

A French surgeon has published a long dissertation on the beneficial influence of groaning and crying on the nervous system. He contends that groaning and crying are the two grand operations by which nature allays anguish; and that he has uniformly observed, that those patients who give way to their natural feelings, more speedily recover from accidents and operations, than those who suppose that it is unworthy a man to betray such symptoms of cowardice as either to groan or to cry. He is always pleased by the crying and violent roaring of a patient during the time he is undergoing a surgical operation, because he is satisfied that he will thereby so sooth his nervous system, as to prevent fever and ensure a favourable termination.--From the benefit hysterical and other nervous patients derive from crying or groaning, he supposes that "by these processes of nature," the superabundant nervous power is exhausted, and that the system is in consequence rendered calm, and even the circulation of the blood diminished. He relates a case of a man, who, by means of crying and bawling, reduced his pulse from 120 to 60 in the course of two hours. That some patients often have a great satisfaction in groaning, and that hysterical patients often experience great relief from crying, are facts which no person will deny.

As to the restless hypochondriacal subjects, or those who are never happy but when they are under some course of medical or dietetic treatment, the French surgeon assures them that they cannot do better than groan all night and cry all day. By following this rule, and observing an abstemious diet, a person will effectually escape disease, and may prolong life to an incredible extent.

_Oats 1000 years old._--In the highest point of a field, a mile south from Forfar, Scotland, there was a druids' place of worship, consisting of a circle of large stones, with one (the largest) in the middle. The field was fallowed last year, and this temple trenched, from which a very great quantity of stones were turned up. Nothing particular, however, appeared, except a few bones that went to dust. The field this year was sown with barley, and this trenched part with the rest: so far as this trench extended, there are considerable quantities of oats, of various kinds, sprung up among the barley, the seeds of which must have remained there more than 1000 years. Without the trenched ground there is not a head of oats to be seen. Orders have been given to preserve these oat plants.

_State of the Rain Guage in Philadelphia._

January, 1 inch 40-1/100 February, 2 68 March, 5 70

_Longevity._--In the parish of Acton, Middlesex, still exist the lineal posterity of the famous Bishop Cranmer, who was burnt at the stake by order of Queen Mary, nearly 300 years ago. One of them, an old lady, named Whytell, has completed her 112th year, and retains her intellectual and bodily faculties to a surprising extent.

_West's Painting._--The Earl of Egremont has purchased the celebrated easel study of "_Death upon the Pale Horse_;" painted by Mr. WEST; one of the most sublime productions of modern art.

MARRIED,

In Hebron, Connecticut, the celebrated LORENZO DOW, to Miss LUCY DOALBEAR, of Montville.

At Harrisburg, Dr. PHINEAS JENKS, a member of the House of Representatives, from Bucks County, to Miss AMELIA, only daughter of the late governor Snyder.

_Deaf and Dumb Marriage._--Nov. 20, 1819, a singular marriage was solemnized at Kirkheaton, near Huddersfield, between Joshua Barker and Mary Moorehouse. The man being deaf and dumb, could not repeat the necessary forms of the marriage ceremony; but this difficulty was obviated in an ingenious manner; as he was able to read, the book was presented to him, and he traced the words over with his finger.

DIED,

On the 4th instant, in Tewksbury, near New Germantown, (N. J.) FREDERICK PICKLE, aged 100 years. When he was 94 years of age, he cut with a cradle 500 sheaves of rye in a day. At 97 he went into the woods and split 100 chesnut rails in less than a day. He was regular and temperate in his habits, and enjoyed good health until within about a year before his death. His widow is 90, and they have lived in the marriage state 70 years.

TIME.

I saw him hasting on his way, And mark'd his lightning flight, Where'er he mov'd, there stern decay Spread its destructive blight. Rapid the gloomy phantom hied, Envelop'd in the storm-- His eyes shone out in sullen pride, And fearful was his form.

I saw him grasp the Warrior's wreath, Won in the gory fray-- The laurel withering sunk in death, Its beauty fled away, That wreath was stained with bloody dew, Unhallowed was its bloom-- It met the phantom's chilling view, And bow'd beneath its gloom.

I saw him pass by Beauty's bower, And listen to her lay; Around the spot was many a flower Blooming its summer day; With icy heart the spectre came, Her lovely form compress'd; She met his lurid eye of flame-- The tombstone tells the rest.

On Youth's warm brow his hand he prest, 'Twas cold as mouldering clay-- He laid his hand on Manhood's breast, The life-pulse ceas'd to play. His fell siroc o'er Nature passed, And low she drooped her head-- Her blossoms withered in the blast, And all her verdure fled.

FLORIO.

[_Hudson Whig._

WINTER EVENING'S AMUSEMENT FOR JANE AND ME.

In summer days I till the ground, And tug and toil and get my bread-- No interval can there be found, Between my labour and my bed, My wife declines to knit by night, And I to read by candle-light.

But when the south receives the sun Beyond the equinoctial line-- When all my summer work is done Substantial pleasures then are mine, Then Jane begins to knit at night, And I to read by candle-light.

I'm then content, and never sigh, Nor fly from home some bliss to find; And Jane is pleased as well as I, It so completely feasts her mind, To sit her down to knit by night, And hear me read by candle-light.

For when I read she always hears, And what she hears, she tries to scan; When ought to her obscure appears, Then I explain it if I can, O how she loves to knit by night And hear me read by candle-light!

But when she drops a stitch, and gapes, Soon gapes again, and nods her head, I close my book, and say, perhaps 'Tis time, my dear, to go to bed-- So knit again to-morrow night, And hear me read by candle-light.

[_Olive Branch._

YOUTH AND OLD AGE.

Days of my youth! ye have glided away; Hairs of my youth! ye are frosted and gray; Eyes of my youth! your keen sight is no more Cheeks of my youth! ye are furrow'd all o'er; Strength of my youth! all your vigour is gone; Thoughts of my youth! your gay visions are flown.

Days of my youth! I wish not your recal; Hairs of my youth! I'm content you should fall; Eyes of my youth! ye much evil have seen; Cheeks of my youth! bathed in tears have ye been; Strength of my youth! why lament your decay; Thoughts of my youth! ye have led me astray;

Days of my age! ye will shortly be past; Pains of my age! yet awhile ye can last; Joys of my age! in true wisdom delight; Eyes of my age! be religion your light; Thoughts of my age! dread ye not the cold sod; Hopes of my age! be ye fixed on your God!

CURE FOR TROUBLE.

BY S. OSBORNE.

Ben Brisk a philosopher was, In the genuine sense of the word; And he held that repining, whatever the cause, Was unmanly, and weak, and absurd.

Tom Tipple, when trouble intruded, And his fortune and credit were sunk, By a too common error deluded, Drown'd trouble, and made himself drunk.

But Ben had a way of his own, When grievances made him uneasy; He bade the blue devils begone! Brav'd trouble, and made himself--_Busy_.

When sorrow imbitters our days, And poisons each source of enjoyment, The surest specific, he says, For trouble and grief, is--_Employment_.

LINES,

Inscribed to William Willtshire, Esq.

Heaven's noblest attribute! a richer gem Than ever deck'd the monarch's diadem, Art thou sweet mercy! yet alas, how rare, Amid this world of crime, thy triumphs are! How dimly burns thy pure etherial fire! How seldom does its warmth the clay wrapt heart inspire! Yet, now and then, upon the path of time, It blazes forth with dazzling ray sublime; Sheds o'er this vale of tears it's heaven lit flame; And throws a halo round the human name. See! on the desert's verge, those wasted forms, Which life's expiring spark but feebly warms; Wore down by pain, toil, care, and wretchedness, And clad in squalid misery's abject dress: And mark the hectic flush, the broken sigh, And the wild glance that lights each sunken eye-- The thrilling pulse of hope--the withering fear That checks the quick throb in its full career-- The eager, half form'd question, and the start, As if the accents shook the bursting heart-- "Oh! Heavens! and will he come, and shall we be Restor'd once more to life, and liberty? Or must we in our galling bonds remain?-- But hush!--hark!--Lo a horseman on the plain!" 'Tis he! he comes, he pities, succours, saves The captives from their chains, the dying from their graves. Thine, Willtshire, was the deed; and oh! to thee Is due the tribute of the brave and free!-- Noble, and generous! round thy brow shall twine A fairer wreath, a laurel more divine, Than that which e'er the blood stain'd hero wore: Or science' sons in proudest moment wore. And when the sculptur'd bust, the burnish'd urn, The victor's trophies shall to dust return: When gone are all that wealth and power bestow; Thy fame, undimm'd, shall shine--thy worth shall brighter glow.

N.

[_N. Y. Evening Post._

ON INTEMPERANCE.

----"But, at last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder."--Prov.