Category: History - British
_Physical Factors Modifying the Formula of the Road: Marsh as the Chief Obstacle to Travel: The Political Results of Marshes: The Crossing of Water Courses: The Origin of the Bridge: The Effect of Bridges upon Roads: The Creation of a Nodal Point: The Function of the Nodal Poi...
_Physical Factors Modifying the Formula of the Road: Marsh as the Chief Obstacle to Travel: The Political Results of Marshes: The Crossing of Water Courses: The Origin of the Br...
3. CHAPTER III Passability_The Choice of Soils: Following the Gravel or the Chalk: Conditions in the South and East: The Obstacle of Gradient: The Early Vogue of Steep Gradients: “The Other Side of the H...
4. CHAPTER IV The Obstacle of Vegetation_The Special Expenditure due to Forest: Roads which Skirt Woodlands: Roads which have been Deflected by Forest: Proximity of Material as a Final Main Cause Modifying the Traject...
5. CHAPTER V Political Influences6. CHAPTER VI The Reaction of the Road_The Physical Effects of Roads: The Way in Which the Road Compels Communication to follow it: The Formation of Urban Centres and the Urban Habit: The Spread of Ideas by Means of...
7. CHAPTER VII The Road in History8. CHAPTER VIII The “Blindness” of English Roads9. CHAPTER IX Five Stages10. CHAPTER X The Trackways_The Three Divisions of the British Pre-Roman Road System--the System of which Salisbury Plain was the “Hub”: The System Connected with London: Cross-Country Communications--The...
11. CHAPTER XI The Making of the Roman Road_The Great Initiative: The Mark of the Roman Military Engineer: The Theory and Practice of the Straight Line: Modifications of the Straight Line: How it was Carried Out: The Met...
12. CHAPTER XII The Dark Ages_The Decline of the Roman Road: The Period at its Occurrence: Gaps: Roman Roads which Fell into Disuse: The Relationship of the Modern to the Roman System: Watling Street: Stane...
13. CHAPTER XIII Wheeled Traffic and the Modern Road_The Transition from the Horse to the Vehicle: The Distinctive Mark of the Later Seventeenth Century: The Turnpike System: The Underlying Idea of the Turnpike: Its Decline and t...
14. CHAPTER XIV The Future_A New Vehicle Compelling us to Make New Roads: Arterial Roads for the New Traffic: The Five Necessities of these Roads: Ways and Means: A National Fund: Taxation according to F...
15. CHAPTER I THE ORIGIN OF ROADSIn order to understand any matter, especially if we have to understand it for a practical end, we must begin by the theory of the thing: we must begin by thinking out why and ho...
16. CHAPTER II THE CROSSING OF MARSH AND WATER_Physical Factors Modifying the Formula of the Road: Marsh as the Chief Obstacle to Travel: The Political Results of Marshes: The Crossing of Water Courses: The Origin of the Br...
17. CHAPTER III PASSABILITY_The Choice of Soils: Following the Gravel or the Chalk: Conditions in the South and East: The Obstacle of Gradient: The Early Vogue of Steep Gradients “The Other Side of the Hi...
18. CHAPTER IV THE OBSTACLE OF VEGETATION_The Special Expenditure due to Forest: Roads which Skirt Woodlands: Roads which have been Deflected by Forest: Proximity of Material as a Final Main Cause Modifying the Traject...
19. CHAPTER V POLITICAL INFLUENCESSo far we have been considering the material conditions of the Road: the physical circumstances which determine its trajectory. But these alone do not completely account for its...
20. CHAPTER VI THE REACTION OF THE ROAD_The Physical Effects of Roads: The Way in which the Road Compels Communication to follow it: The Formation of Urban Centres and the Urban Habit: The Spread of Ideas by Means of...
21. CHAPTER VII THE ROAD IN HISTORYThe general theory of the Road having been discussed, we may next turn to the particular case of THE ENGLISH ROAD, my second and concluding section. The English Road has, as we...
22. CHAPTER VIII THE “BLINDNESS” OF ENGLISH ROADSOf many of the features of the English Road we can determine the origins at once, for they are of common knowledge. The “blindness” of the English Road is due to the enclosures...
23. CHAPTER IX FIVE STAGESLet us next turn to a very rough sketch of the development of the history of the English Road: the stages through which its development has passed, measured, not from cause to e...
24. CHAPTER X THE TRACKWAYS_The Three Divisions of the British Pre-Roman Road System--The System of which Salisbury Plain was the “Hub”: The System Connected with London: Cross-Country Communications--The...
25. CHAPTER XI THE MAKING OF THE ROMAN ROAD_The Great Initiative: The Mark of the Roman Military Engineer: The Theory and Practice of the Straight Line: Modifications of the Straight Line: How it was Carried Out: The Met...
26. CHAPTER XII THE DARK AGES_The Decline of the Roman Road: The Period at its Occurrence: Gaps: Roman Roads which Fell into Disuse: The Relationship of the Modern to the Roman System: Watling Street: Stane...
27. CHAPTER XIII WHEELED TRAFFIC AND THE MODERN ROAD_The Transition from the Horse to the Vehicle: The Distinctive Mark of the Later Seventeenth Century: The Turnpike System and the Making of the Modern English Road: The Underlyi...
28. CHAPTER XIV THE FUTURE_A New Vehicle Compelling us to Make New Roads: Arterial Roads for the New Traffic: The Five Necessities of these Roads: Ways and Means: A National Fund: Taxation according to F...