CHAPTER XXV.

Forced Emancipation.--Purposes of the United States Government at the Commencement of 1862.--Subjugation or Extermination.--The Willing Aid of United States Congress.--Attempt to legislate the Subversion of our Social Institutions.--Could adopt any Measure Self-Defense would justify.--Slavery the Cause of all Troubles, therefore must be removed.--Statements of President Lincoln's Inaugural.--Declaration of Sumner.--Abolition Legislation.--The Power based on Necessity.--Its Formula.--The System of Legislation devised.--Confiscation.--How permitted by the Law of Nations.-- Views of Wheaton; of J. Q. Adams; of Secretary Marcy; of Chief-Justice Marshall.--Nature of Confiscation and Proceedings.-- Compared with the Acts of the United States Congress.--Provisions of the Acts.--Five Thousand Millions of Property involved.--Another Feature of the Act.--Confiscates Property within Reach.--Procedure against Persons.--Held us as Enemies and Traitors.--Attacked us with the Instruments of War and Penalties of Municipal Law.-- Emancipation to be secured.--Remarks of President Lincoln on signing the Bill.--Remarks of Mr. Adams compared.--Another Alarming Usurpation of Congress.--Argument for it.--No Limit to the War-Power of Congress; how maintained.--The Act to emancipate Slaves in the District of Columbia.--Compensation promised.--Remarks of President Lincoln.--The Right of Property violated.--Words of the Constitution.--The Act to prohibit Slavery in the Territories.-The Act making an Additional Article of War.-All Officers forbidden to return Fugitives.--Words of the Constitution.--The Powers of the Constitution unchanged in Peace or War.--The Discharge of Fugitives commanded in the Confiscation Act.--Words of the Constitution.