World War I

The Riddle of the Rhine: Chemical Strategy in Peace and War

of Surprise -Lord Kitchener's Protest-German Preparations-- Research-Production-Field Preparations-German Opinion of Results-Germany Prompted by Production Monopoly-Standard Uses for Gas-Gas Shell-Further German Cloud Attacks-Hill 60-Origin of German Gas Shell-Early German Gas...

Chapters

20. Chapter 20

Preceding chapters have shown how chemical warfare has now become a normal, technical, and increasingly important part of the science of war. Further, it has opened vast possibi...

14. Chapter 14

Meaning of the Chemical Initiative.--The German invasion of Belgium in 1914 was a direct appeal to the critical factor of surprise in war. By disregarding their pledge, a "scrap...

10. Chapter 10

The Riddle of the Rhine.--The Great War challenged our very existence. But with the tension released, and the Allies victorious, the check to the German menace appears crushing...

17. Chapter 17

The preceding account of chemical warfare leaves the impression of a successful Allied struggle against persistently unfavourable circumstances. We were constantly compelled to...

15. Chapter 15

Critical Importance of Production.--Our analysis of the struggle for the initiative reveals the critical importance of production. In the chemical more than in any other form of...

13. Chapter 13

We have no desire nor intention to give a detailed historical account of the above. The ramifications, of Allied organisations were so numerous, the number of persons concerned...

18. Chapter 18

The Element of Speculation.--It is of considerable interest to Introduce an element of speculation into our discussion of chemical warfare. In glancing at future possibilities,...

11. Chapter 11

The Need of Retaliation.--The conclusive sign of the Allied reaction to the German poison gas attack appeared at the battle of Loos. "Owing to the repeated use by the enemy of a...

12. Chapter 12

The chemical struggle became very intense in the Summer and Autumn of 1917. Projector attacks multiplied, the use of chemical shell increased on both sides, allied and enemy gas...

16. Chapter 16

Special Attention Justified;--Special Value of American Opinion.--Various reasons prompt us to pay special attention to the development of chemical warfare by the United States...

19. Chapter 19

A good deal of abuse has been showered on chemical warfare methods by those who understand very little about them. It has been claimed by such that gas is particularly atrocious...

9. Chapter 9

Versailles-German Information-Limitation of Armament-Report of the Hartley Mission -New Conceptions in Chemical Disarmament-Limitation Mechanical and Chemical-Tank Disarmament -...

7. Chapter 7

Chemical Commercial Policy-Evidence of the U. S. A. Alien Property Custodian-Pre-war American Situation--German Price Cutting--Salicylic Acid-- Full Line Forcing--Bribery and Co...

4. Chapter 4

Research-Leverkusen-Hochst-Ludwigshaven-Early Formulation of Policy-Movements of Personnel-German Simplicity of Organisation-German Organisation at the Front-The Gas Regiment--E...

3. Chapter 3

Cross-German Emphasis on Gas Shell-The German Projector-German Projector Improvements-Dyes in Gas Shell--German Flame Projectors-Their Origin-Further Flame Development-The 1918...

5. Chapter 5

Chemical Initiative-Controlling Factors--Rapid Manufacture Rapid Identification Essential-Propaganda and Morale-Peculiar Peace-time Danger-War Fluctuations of Initiative-The Ten...

8. Chapter 8

1. Chapter 1

of Surprise -Lord Kitchener's Protest-German Preparations-- Research-Production-Field Preparations-German Opinion of Results-Germany Prompted by Production Monopoly-Standard Use...

2. Chapter 2

Loos Attack, September, 1915-The Somme Battle, 1916--Reasons for British Cloud Gas Success-Our Casualties-Exhausting Preparations for Cloud Attack-The Livens Projector-British G...

6. Chapter 6