CHAPTER V

CONFUCIANISM IN ITS PHILOSOPHICAL FORM, PAGE 131

Harmony of the systems of Confucius and Buddha in Japan during a thousand years.--Revival of learning in the seventeenth century.--Exodus of the Chinese scholars on the fall of the Ming dynasty.--Their dispersion and work in Japan.--Founding of schools of the new Chinese learning.--For two and a half centuries the Japanese mind has been moulded by the new Confucianism.--Survey of its rise and developments.--Four stages in the intellectual history of China.--The populist movement in the eleventh century.--The literary controversy.--The philosophy of the Cheng brothers and of Chu Hi, called in Japan Tei-Shu system.--In Buddhism the Japanese were startling innovators, in philosophy they were docile pupils.--Paucity of Confucian or speculative literature in Japan.--A Chinese wall built around the Japanese intellect.--Yelo orthodoxy.--Features of the Téi-Shu system.--Not agnostic but pantheistic.--Its influence upon historiography.--Ki (spirit) Ri (way) and Ten (heaven).--The writings of Ohashi Junzo.--Confucianism obsolescent in New Japan.--A study of Confucianism in the interest of comparative religion.--Man's place in the universe.--The Samurai's ideal, obedience.--His fearlessness in the face of death.--Critique of the system.--The ruler and the ruled.--What has Confucianism done for woman?--Improvement and revision of the fourth and fifth relations.--The new view of the universe and the new mind in New Japan. The ideal of Yamato-damashii revised and improved.