The Rebirth of Turkey

HIS PERSONAL APPEARANCE――THE EASTERN TRADITION OF GOVERNMENT UNDER WHICH HE WAS BORN――THE WESTERN TRADITION WHICH HE HAS SOUGHT TO TRANSPLANT TO HIS COUNTRY――THE DIVERSION OF TH...

The Czar abdicates――The French depose Constantine at Athens――Kemal urges Enver to withdraw from the War――Mr. Lloyd George’s new war aims in Turkey――The Anglo-Russian Treaty of 1...

Allied efforts to hitch the Sevres Treaty to Turkish Nationalism――Greeks transfer troops from Smyrna to Eastern Thrace for a move on Constantinople and when Fethy Bey is refused...

Rauf Bey takes the Nationalist Deputies from Angora to Constantinople――India compels Mr. Lloyd George to leave Constantinople to the Turk and General Milne breaks up the Parliam...

His personal appearance――The Eastern tradition of government under which he was born――The Western tradition which he has sought to transplant to his country――The diversion of th...

Fevzi, Rafet and Kiazim Karabekr Pashas and their military dictatorship under Kemal Pasha――The “Pontus” deportations―― Mosul, the Kurds and the split in Islam――The Franco-Armeni...

Kemal falls to the status of a “bandit”――Turkish Nationalism begins to re-mobilize and re-equip its forces――The Erzerum Program and the Nationalist victory in the Ottoman electi...

The Western tradition of government to which the Grand National Assembly was built――How Nationalism was created―― Greek defeat at the Sakaria River――Peace with the French in Cil...

How Russia and Great Britain fought across the old Ottoman Empire――How Russia entered Trans-Caucasia and came into contact with the Armenians――How it approached the back of Brit...

Enver and the Armenian Patriarch――Where the Armenians lived――American missionaries and the Armenians――Russia and the Armenians――Great Britain joins Russia in the 1907 Treaty――En...

How Mr. Lloyd George tried to impose alone upon Islam that fate which Great Britain and Russia had agreed to impose together in 1907――The Anglo-Persian Agreement――The “Central A...

Constantinople and the growth of Greek Nationalism―― Surrounded by British forces, the Turks go back to peace――Application of the secret treaties which the Allies had drawn up d...

Kemal returns to Constantinople――Turkish confusion in the capital――The Turks ask for an American mandate――How Kemal and Rauf Bey left for Samsun and Smyrna, respectively――The Gr...

“On the morning of July 23, 1908”――The Old Turkish counter-revolution and its defeat――How Islam and the Christian communities nullified the Young Turkish program――Kemal’s break...

Kemal’s birth at Salonica――How he became a Young Turk――What the old Ottoman Empire was like――The division of its population into religious communities――The Western challenge of...

Kemal’s arrest and his exile to Damascus――His eventual return to Salonica――What the Young Turks wanted――The religious conservatism which confronted them――The role of American mi...

British policy at Constantinople――The Bagdad railway concessions――Russia’s veto and the change of route――The Achilles’ Heel of Aleppo――Germany and Islam――The British Indian fron...

Kemal hurries back to Constantinople and Rauf Bey asks the British Embassy to finance neutrality――Enver enters the war and Persia attempts to follow him――The hard position of Is...